JPH0483824A - Superfinishing planing machine blade for woodworking use - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the machining life of a blade for wood planing machine and pitting resistance by specifying the chemical composition and heat treatment conditions of a material and the surface roughness at the edge of a blade, respectively. CONSTITUTION:In a plane blade for wood planing machine, a cutting edge part is composed of a high speed alloy tool steel having a composition consisting of 1.1-1.4% C, 3-5% Cr, 9-12% Co, 8-12% W, 2-5% Mo, 3-4.5% V, and the balance Fe with impurities or a sintered hard alloy material having a composition consisting of 15-30% Co, 0-5% TiC, 0-4% Nb, and the balance WC with impurities, such as Ta and Ni. As to heat treatment conditions for a material composed of high speed alloy tool steel, it is preferable that hardening and tempering are carried out at 1220-1240 deg.C for 1-10min and at 560-630 deg.C for 120-200min, respectively. Further, it is preferable to regulate the surface roughness of a finished surface at the position of at least 0.3mm from the cutting edge part at the edge of a blade to <=0.1mum in the case of sintered hard alloy and also to <=1.0mum in the case of high speed alloy tool steel.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to improving the abrasion resistance of the cutting edge portion of a planer blade in finishing work of wood surfaces such as a superfinish planer.

[Background of the invention]

Various types of electric planer machines work the surface of wood by rotating the cutter using a motor as a drive source, or by moving the wood, which is the workpiece, with the cutter in a stopped state. With such known blades, the cutting edge of the cutting edge inevitably wears out over time, and in severe cases, the cutting edge wears out after cutting several tens of meters, and the joints in the wood cause minute chips. This resulted in a decline in the quality of the finished surface of the wood, which is the work material, and a decrease in workability. Given this background, there has been a strong desire to develop blades with excellent wear resistance and chipping resistance at the cutting edge for planing machines, especially super-finishing planing machines that finish pillars, lintels, etc.

[Purpose of the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to research the chemical composition of the material, heat treatment conditions, and surface roughness of the cutting edge to improve the life of planer blades.

[Summary of the invention]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the authors: 1. Material and material and heat treatment, 2. After extensive research into the surface roughness of the cutting edge, we have developed a blade that has a cutting life that is 2 to 4 times longer than commercially available blades. Here, the chemical composition of the cutting blade member made of high speed alloy tool steel is 1.1-1.4%C13-5%Cr, 9-12%C
The reason why the metal was made of 018 to 12% W, 2 to 5% Mo, 3 to 4.5% V, and residual Fe and impurities is because as the composition ratio of these decreases, the wear resistance decreases significantly. The most important compositions are C, W,
V, Co. In addition, if the composition exceeds the above range,
The metal structure is not suitable for use as a blade material for planes, and the chipping resistance will be reduced in terms of performance. Here, the most desirable composition range is 1.2 to 1.3% C13
, 8-4.5% Cr, 9-11% Co, 3-4% Mo,
3.2-3.7%V, 9.5-10.5%Co, Bal
It is Fe.

Next, in a blade using cemented carbide aggregate.

Its chemical composition ranges from 6 to 30% Co, 0.1 to 8% T.
i c, 0.1-8% T a c and the balance WC and Nbc
, Ni, and other impurities because it is necessary to provide sufficient hardness and toughness as a planer blade. Here, the reason why the CO content in this composition is 15% or more is because
This is because if it is less than 30%, the toughness decreases and chipping is likely to occur in the early stage of cutting, and if it is more than 30%, the wear resistance decreases and no improvement in cutting life can be expected. Composition of cemented carbide material The range recommended by Chinese etc. is 25-28% Co, O"0.3% Tic, O-0.5
The composition consists of %Ta and residual WC, and the WC particles are 1 to 6 μm.
A mixture of is preferred.

In addition, the heat treatment conditions for the material using high-speed alloy tool steel were quenching: 1,220 to 1,240°C for 1 to 10 minutes, and tempering: 560 to 630°C for 120 to 200 minutes. This is because under the quenching conditions of , 220°C and a holding time of 1 minute or less, the amount of carbide in the material dissolved into the base is small, and the wear resistance of the material base as a cutter member cannot be obtained. The reason why the holding time was set to 10 minutes or less at a temperature of 240°C or less is because a quenching temperature or holding time higher than this will cause partial melting of one structure and enlargement of crystal grains, which will promote chipping resistance. be.

Furthermore, the tempering temperature is 560-630℃ and 120-20℃.
The purpose of setting the temperature to 0 minutes is to precipitate carbide in the size and quantity most suitable for the blade material, and the characteristics cannot be obtained either below or above this temperature range and holding time.

Next, the surface roughness near the cutting edge is set to 0.1 μm or less for cemented carbide or 1.0 μm or less for high-speed alloy tool steel, in order to ensure the quality of the finished surface of the workpiece and to prevent joints, etc. This is to prevent the cutting edge portion from chipping due to impact force when processing the part. It is effective to have the surface roughness as small as possible, and it is desirable that the surface roughness is 0.01 μm or less for both cemented carbide and high-speed tool steel.

[Embodiments of the invention]

FIG. 1 shows a blade for an electric superfinishing planer. The authors used a prototype blade (A) of the same shape made of high-speed alloy tool steel with the material composition and heat treatment conditions considered, and a prototype blade (B) of cemented carbide with a composition developed through research, to compare current commercially available blades. We conducted a characteristic comparison test with Figure 2 shows a comparison of the total cutting length until the cutting surface loses its luster and reaches the limit of quality, using a cedar forest with a moisture content of 18% without knots. Our results show that while the existing commercially available blades have a length of 100 to 160 m, the length of the prototype blades (
A) is 220-300 m, prototype blade (B) is 45 m.
From 0 to 580 m, the lifespan was twice and four times longer, respectively.

Secondly, in this type of work, chipping of the cutting edge very often occurs when the cutting edge hits a joint. Therefore, diameter 2
Using wood with a moisture content of 20% and having 8 joints of 0 to 30 degrees, three blades were cut for 100 m and the chipping resistance was compared. The results are shown in Figure 3, and when comparing the total number of chips, the current blade chipped at 10 locations, the prototype blade (A) chipped at 4 locations, and the prototype blade (B) chipped at 1 location. Effect] According to the composition and heat treatment method of the high-speed alloy tool steel devised by the authors, it is possible to obtain twice the life of current commercially available blades, and by using cemented carbide material,
Double the cutting life.

Furthermore, by studying the material composition and heat treatment conditions to impart toughness, we were able to significantly improve pitting resistance as a planer blade.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

4 is a cutting edge portion.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A planer blade for a planer board, the cutting edge of which is 1.
1-1.4% C, 3-5% Cr, 9-12% Co, 8-
High speed alloy tool steel consisting of 12% W, 2-5% Mo, 3-4.5% V and residual Fe and impurities, or 15-30
%Co, 0-5Tic, 0-4%Nb and remaining WC, Ta,
A superfinishing planer for woodworking that uses a cemented carbide material containing impurities such as Ni and has a service life that is 2 to 4 times longer than conventional blades. 2. Among the materials in item 1, high-speed alloy steel is quenched: heated and held at a temperature of 1,210 to 1,240°C for 1 to 10 minutes, and tempered: heated and held at a temperature of 580 to 630°C for 120 to 2
The hardness obtained by holding for 00 minutes is in the range of Hv800-950, and for cemented carbide materials, the hardness is in the range of Hv950-950.
A super-finished planer blade for woodworking, characterized by a range of 1550. 3. For the blade in item 1, the finished surface within a range of at least 0.3 mm from the cutting edge is 1 mm for high-speed alloy steel.
A finishing planer blade for woodworking characterized by having a surface roughness of 0.1 μm or less for cemented carbide materials.