JPH0484834A - Trough moving type hydroponic culture facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To save labor, efficiently enhance soil utilizing ratio in a short period and enable culture of leaf vegetable by moving a trough circulation system while spreading pitch of each trough and repeating planting, rearing and harvesting. CONSTITUTION:When harvesting and planting in operation position 20 is finished, trough 3X is moved to a direction Q perpendicular to carrying direction by two workers worked in harvesting and planting. The trough 3X laterally moved is simply moved to start end side 3 Ga of the second idler roll line 3G2 without lifting the trough 3X by trough transferring device 33 in a state coming into contact with a pitch tapped spiral rotating screw rod 4. In the second trough line 3G2, the start end side 3Ga of pitch-tapped spiral rotating screw rod 4 is empty. Therefore, the trough 3X is laterally moved up to the position and engaging pieces 16 and 16 of the trough 3X is carried on the pitch tapped spiral rotating screw rod 4 so as to engage with a spiral groove 4d1.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a trough mobile hydroponic cultivation facility, and in detail,
Trough movement allows the pinch of each trough to be gradually changed in order to improve the area efficiency of cultivation and increase yields of leafy vegetables planted in a large number of plantations supported by troughs through which the nutrient solution flows. This relates to a type of hydroponic cultivation facility.

[Prior technology] In order to harvest leafy vegetables such as lettuce, spinach, salad greens, and bok choy in a short period of time, greenhouses have been equipped with temperature control functions, electric lighting devices have been adopted, and hydroponic cultivation has been adopted. Some methods have been adopted.

For hydroponic cultivation equipment, for example, JP-A-57-177627
As described in the publication, troughs, which are long bodies through which nutrient solution flows, are installed parallel to each other in a plane, and a band-shaped member with support holes drilled at regular intervals is placed in the upper part of each trough. There is a system in which a tree with young seedlings is inserted and supported in the support hole so that early growth can be achieved using sunlight or electric light.

By the way, since the leaves of plants supported by troughs spread as they grow, care must be taken to maintain a predetermined pitch between the support holes of the strip member inserted through the troughs and between adjacent troughs. .

For example, the center-to-center pitch of the support holes is 15 mm (1 mm), and the center-to-center pitch of a trough with a rectangular cross section of 50 mm in length and width is also about 150 mm. During the seedling stage when the seedlings have not spread, unnecessary area is required, so the amount of cultivation per area is reduced.

Therefore, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-95825, when moving the trough in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the trough depending on the growth stage, the pitch of the trough is gradually widened. do it. In the above publication, the trough is not moved mechanically. However, in this type of device, a threaded rod driven by an electric motor or a deceleration transmission mechanism is mounted on a frame provided to carry several troughs arranged in parallel, and the thread pitch of the rod is gradually increased. The desired movement can be achieved by arranging the trough so that it extends in the direction of movement, and by attaching a crown-shaped nut member or an engagement piece to the outer surface of the bottom of the trough that is screwed only to the top of the threaded rod. be able to.

If this type of system is used, the troughs can be moved the same distance all at once by rotating the threaded rod, so subsequent trough groups can be added every day, and the pinched area of the preceding trough group can be expanded. The necessary trough groups are separated from each other at the point where the thread pitch changes and are subsequently moved one after another with the larger thread pitch.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, as in the above-mentioned hydroponic cultivation device, in order to prevent the leaf parts from interfering with each other as the young seedlings grow, there is a screw that widens the pitch of adjacent troughs. When using a mechanical moving device such as a rod, the equipment cost increases significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the cost of hydroponic cultivation by increasing the total number M of leafy vegetables and realizing labor savings.

Further, when a harvesting work space is provided only in the vicinity of a group of troughs during the harvesting season, installation of other adjacent trough movement lines may be restricted or forced to be reduced.

If a separate harvest amount is set, several of the troughs to be harvested must be transported at once using a forklift, etc., and the length of the troughs is 7 to
The length of the trough is limited to 8 m, or at most 10 m, and a wide aisle space must be secured to allow the trough to be transported by forklift to the harvest area and returned to the planting position. Therefore, the ratio of cropping area to cultivated area becomes smaller, and there is a problem that a decrease in land utilization rate and a corresponding reduction in yield are inevitable.

Furthermore, in the case of using the above-mentioned trough, algae, aquatic plants, etc. that have grown inside the trough must be cleaned and removed after each harvesting operation, and maintenance of the trough becomes labor-intensive.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a hydroponic cultivation setup in which leafy vegetables are cultivated using a trough, and the trough occupancy area ratio, that is, the cultivation area ratio of leafy vegetables, can be increased as much as possible. In order to increase the size of the space, each trough can be conveyed and circulated in a row of troughs formed by a plurality of troughs arranged in a planar arrangement adjacent to each other in parallel, and in the meantime, the pitch of the adjacent troughs can be increased. Planting and harvesting for each trough can be easily done at the same location without taking it out of the trough movement line, reducing the space required to transport the troughs for planting and harvesting, and troughs can be placed adjacent to each other. The structure for moving to the trough row is simple, and the operating cost is low.Furthermore, nutrient solution supply and drainage are easy, increasing labor productivity and saving labor in hydroponic cultivation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a trough mobile hydroponic cultivation facility that achieves the following: increasing the land use rate and significantly increasing the yield of leafy vegetables.

[Means to solve the problem]

The trough moving type hydroponic cultivation facility of the present invention has a plurality of troughs in which a strip member is inserted in the upper part and which circulates the nutrient solution in the bottom part, which are arranged in parallel and on the same plane, and which are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the troughs. Applicable to hydroponic cultivation facilities forming trough rows extending to

The feature is that, referring to FIG. 1, the flowerpot 5 is removably supported by the troughs 3 via a belt-like member 12 (see FIG. 5) that can be freely rolled out and rolled up. There is. Pitch P of the spiral groove 4d (see FIG. 7) carved from the starting end 3Ga to the terminal end 3Gb of the trough row 3G
3. P2...The PIB is gradually enlarged, and the troughs 3, 3 are mounted via the engagement pieces 16 (see Fig. 2) attached to each trough 3, 3 that can be engaged and detached from the spiral groove 4d. A gradually increasing pitch helical rotating threaded rod 4 is provided for conveying each trough 3 in the direction in which the trough row 3G extends. A first trough row 3G transports each trough 3 all at once from the start end side 3Ga to the end end side 3Gb by rotating the pitch gradually increasing helical rotary screw rod 4;
G, adjacent to the first trough row 3G, each trough 3 is moved from the starting end side 3Ga to the terminal end side 3G' in the direction N opposite to the conveying direction M of the first trough row 3G.
A trough circulation system 3A is formed with the second trough row 3G2 that simultaneously transports to b. Each pitch gradually increasing spiral rotating screw rod 4
On the terminal end side 3Gb of each trough row 3CI, a ring groove 4e (see FIG. 7) is formed which is continuous with the spiral groove 4d for further conveying the N trough 3X in the conveying direction M.
, 3Gz, a planting/harvesting device 21 for planting from one end of each trough 3X and harvesting from the other end is installed at a working position 20 with a ring groove 4e. The trough 3χ after the planting and harvesting work at the working position 20 is moved sideways to the adjacent trough row 3G so that the engagement piece 16 passes through the ring groove 4e, and the trough row 3G
Gradually increasing pitch spiral rotating threaded rod 4 at the starting end side 3Ga
A trough transfer device 33 is provided for engaging the engagement piece 16 with the spiral groove 4d. Thereby a plurality of troughs 3,
3 is the pitch P of each trough 3 in the first trough row 3G and the second trough row 3G2, PIB
By moving the trough circulation systems 3A and 3B while expanding the troughs, planting, growing, and harvesting can be repeated without taking the trough 3 out of the trough circulation systems 3A and 3B.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, in order to promote the circulation of the nutrient solution 11 supplied to the troughs 3, 3,
, 3 are inclined downward toward the outer side 3s in the longitudinal direction of the trough 3, and between the first trough row 3G and the second trough row 3G, a nutrient solution 11 is supplied to each trough 3. It is preferable to provide a nutrient solution supply device 38 for flowing the nutrient solution.

[For production]

In the first trough row 3G of the trough circulation system 3A, for example, 24 troughs 3, 3 are arranged per day on the gradually increasing helical rotating threaded rod 4.

The troughs 3 and 3 for each day are arranged at pitches P+, Pz, . . . FIB according to their growth level.

That is, an engaging piece 16 is attached to each trough 3, and each engaging piece 16 is engaged with each helical groove 4d of the pitch gradually increasing helical rotating screw rod 4, so that the pinch gradually increasing helical rotating screw Each time the rod 4 is rotated once, each trough 3 is sent to a position corresponding to its pitch P, . . . Pil+.

Since the pitch gradually increasing helical rotary screw rod 4 is rotated 24 times per day, the troughs 3, 3 incorporated on any day can be rotated for one day through the engagement of the engagement piece 16 with each spiral groove 4d. can travel a distance of

When installing troughs 3.3 on the -th day at the starting end side 3Ga, the same number of troughs 3 at the terminal end side 3Gb are installed at the same time.
．． 3 is moved to the adjacent trough row 3G2. Therefore, when the pitch gradually increasing helical rotating threaded rod 4 is rotated once,
The first spiral groove 4d on the starting end side 3Ga becomes empty, and the trough 3 in which the flowerpot 5 in which the seedlings 6A are planted is planted on the strip member 12 is mounted thereon. When the pitch increasing helical rotating threaded rod 4 is rotated one more time, the next trough 3 is placed. At this time, harvesting and planting are simultaneously performed in the leading trough 3x of the terminal side 3Gb.

In this way, the engaging pieces 16 of the 24 troughs 3° 3 of the -th day are engaged with the pitch spiral groove 4d and incorporated into the gradually increasing spiral rotating threaded rod 4. Meanwhile, the 24 troughs 3, 3 installed on the previous day are moved toward the terminal end side 3Gb while the mutual spacing is expanded according to the pitch given to the gradually increasing pitch helical rotating threaded rod 4. As a result, each of the 24 troughs 3, 3 is moved day by day, and the interval between them is gradually increased by the spiral groove 4d of the helical rotating threaded rod 4.
It can be expanded to fit the pinch. Mutual interference can be avoided as the leafy vegetables 6 grow, and in addition, the space occupied by the troughs 3 can be reduced during the seedling stage. As a result, the troughs 3.
By doubling the number of 3s, for example, you can expect an increase in revenue even in a small space.

The feeding interval of the nutrient solution by the nutrient solution supply device 38 is trough 3.3.
It is compatible with pitches of
Even after the conveyance is completed, the nutrient solution 11 is supplied to all the troughs 3 from the same position. trough 3
The nutrient solution 11 supplied to the trough 3 slopes outward 3s
When it is collected from trough 3.3, it is readjusted to an appropriate concentration and fed again.

On the other hand, at the terminal end side 3Gb, the trough 3x that has reached there is further moved to the working position 20 by the gradually increasing pitch helical rotating threaded rod 4. The tip of the strip member 12 inserted through the trough 3x is wound up by the planting/harvesting device 21,
At the same time, the flower pot 5 to be harvested is pulled out from the other end, and at the same time, the flower pots 5 in which young seedlings 6A are planted are sequentially inserted and planted at the other end. At this time, roots protrude from the flower pot 5 that moves within the trough 3x together with the rolled-up strip member 12, and during the movement, algae, aquatic plants, etc. that have grown within the trough 3χ are removed.

As described above, when the harvesting and planting at the work position 20 are completed, the trough 3x is moved in the direction Q perpendicular to the transport direction N by the two workers engaged in the harvesting and planting. At that time, the traversing trough 3 is easily moved to the second trough row 3 without having to lift the trough 3x with the trough transfer device 33 while in contact with the pinch gradually increasing spiral rotary screw rod 4.
It is transferred to the starting end side 3Ga of G2. Second trough row 3G2
Now, since the starting end side 3Ga of the gradually increasing pitch helical rotating screw rod 4 is empty, the trough 3X is traversed up to that point 1, and the engaging pieces 16, 16 of the trough 3x engage with the spiral groove 4d. It is placed on the gradually increasing pitch helical rotating threaded rod 4 in this manner.

In this way, each trough 3.3 is transported sequentially through one trough circulation system without being taken out of the trough circulation systems 3A and 3B, saving labor and making efficient use of land in a short period of time. Leafy vegetables can be grown at a higher rate.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, it is possible to transport and circulate a plurality of troughs arranged in a planar manner adjacent to a flat surface, and during that time, the pitch of the adjacent troughs can be expanded in accordance with the growth of leafy vegetables. As a result, the trough occupancy rate, that is, the area rate of cropping, will be as large as possible.

Therefore, the yield of leafy vegetables will increase dramatically, which in turn will increase investment efficiency and land use efficiency.

In addition, planting and harvesting for the first trough row making up the trough row and each trough incorporated in the first trough row can be easily performed at the same location, and furthermore, the troughs for planting and harvesting can be easily transported. Space can be extremely reduced.

The structure for moving troughs to adjacent trough rows is simple,
The operating costs can be reduced, labor savings can be achieved by reducing the amount of labor required for hydroponic cultivation, and the cost of cultivation can be reduced. In particular, even if the trough row cannot be made long, the device that moves the trough across adjacent trough rows is compact, making it possible to reduce the area occupied by the moving device and the ratio of equipment construction costs to the entire equipment. In addition, the resulting cropping can increase yield by increasing the area ratio.

Each of the troughs in the first trough row and the second trough row is held in a tilted position so as to become lower toward the outside, and the nutrient solution is supplied to each trough from between the trough rows. Drainage treatment takes place on both outer sides of the trough. As a result, supplying and discharging the nutrient solution can be extremely simplified without taking up much space, increasing labor productivity, saving labor, and significantly reducing the cost required for hydroponic cultivation.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on examples thereof.

As shown in FIG. 1, the hydroponic cultivation facility is installed in a room 2, and a plurality of troughs 3 form a trough row 3G extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof. Trough row 3G is
For example, the first trough row 3G forming the outward path and the second trough row 3G2 forming the return path form one trough circulation system 3A, and each trough 3.3 rotates in a pitch increasing spiral manner. The rotation of the threaded rod 4 causes circulation. Each of the elongated troughs 3, 3 has an engaging piece 16 shown in FIG. the floor surface 2a in a slightly inclined position.
The first trough row 3G and the second trough row 3Gz are arranged in parallel to each other on the same plane.

In FIG. 1, two sets of trough circulation systems 3A and 3B are arranged in a chamber 2, and leafy vegetables 6 planted in flower pots 5 (see FIG. 5) supported in each trough 3 are exposed to sunlight and troughs. Row 3G
Receiving light from an electric light 7 (see Figure 2) such as a sodium lamp or a halogen lamp installed above the
It is now possible to cultivate.

Hydroponic cultivation facilities may be installed outdoors, but in this example, they are installed inside room 2, so as shown in Figure 2, a temperature control system is used to adjust the temperature inside room 2. A temperature control duct 8 that blows out cold air and a spray pipe 9 that blows out hoarfrost for controlling the humidity in the room 2 are installed below the trough row 3G. Further, above each trough row 3G, a cold air duct 10 is installed to blow out cold air.

In this facility, in order to promote the circulation of the nutrient solution 11 supplied to each trough 3, the troughs 3 are tilted downward at an angle of about 3 degrees toward the outer side 3s in the longitudinal direction.

In order to avoid contact and entanglement of the leaves as the leafy vegetables 6 grow, as shown in Figure 1, once per day -
Thread pitch suitable for growth P I + P 2r P
It is transported at 3+...

In addition, if you are planning to harvest on the 18th day,
In order to sequentially move the 7-day trough 3 from the leading trough 3x to the working position 20, the spiral groove 4 with the thread pitch pat is
Thread pitch P1 larger than d. A spiral groove 4d is also provided (see FIG. 7).

For example, the trough 3 incorporated in the first trough row 3G,
3 is such that for example, 24 troughs (the illustration shows 5 plants) for one day from the start end side 3Ga to the end side 3Gb and the preceding 24 troughs 3°3 installed on the previous day form different pitches. Then, they are simultaneously conveyed in the direction of arrow M. Even in the adjacent second trough row 302 whose conveyance direction is opposite, the troughs 3 are conveyed in the direction of the arrow N while being expanded at the same pitch every day.

As shown in FIG. 5, the trough 3 is a thin aluminum member having a substantially square cross section with a side length of about 50111 m, and is a hollow square body with an open upper part and a length of, for example, 15 to 20 m. Inside the trough 3, there are formed a bottom part 3a for circulating the nutrient solution 11, both side surfaces 3b, a supporting protrusion 3c and an upper part 3d that support the band-shaped member 12 and guide it when it is inserted. strip member 1 inserted into the trough 3
2 can move in space 3f. In addition, trough 3
The upper edge corner of the cross section is rounded to prevent the leaf of the leafy vegetable 6 from being damaged when it comes into contact with it. Furthermore, the corners of the bottom portion 3a through which the nutrient solution 11 flows are rounded so that attached algae and aquatic plants can be easily removed. As shown in FIG. 2, the outer end 3s of each trough 3 is opened as an outlet 13, and the outlet 1
Nutrient solution 1 passes through the drain belt 14 from 3 to the drain trough 15.
1 can be discharged. The liquid is drained from the drain trough 15.
The water is collected from the water into a nutrient solution tank (not shown) provided in the basement of the chamber 2, and after its components are adjusted, it is supplied to each trough 3 again.

As shown in FIG. 5, a protruding engagement piece 16 is attached to the bottom surface 31 of the trough 3, and as shown in FIG. Each trough 3.3 is mounted while being engaged with a helical rotating threaded rod 4A, 4B. Incidentally, the pitch gradually increasing helical rotary screw rod 4 is rotated 24 times, which is equal to the number of troughs in one day, and for each rotation, the spiral groove 4 of 3 Ga on the starting end side shown in FIG.
d is accurately stopped so that the tip is at the position shown in FIG. 1, that is, at the top. Then, each time the pitch gradually increasing helical rotary screw rods 4A and 4B rotate once, the spiral groove 4d
The trough 3 placed on + has a thread pitch P,,P,,P,...P toward the terminal end side 3Gb.2. P 2+...
P3. P3. ...,P,,P,,...,P1□.

P17+... is moved.

The trough 3, which has come to the terminal end side 3Gb by the rotation of the gradually increasing pitch helical rotary screw rod 4, is further moved by a thread pitch of 1 minute and reaches the working position 20, but the engagement piece 16 of the trough 3
．． 16 is adapted to be engaged with a ring groove 4e provided continuously with the spiral groove 4dz. As shown in FIG. 4, the ring groove 4e moves the trough 3X after planting and harvesting from the adjacent trough row 3G to the adjacent trough row 3G.
This is to prevent movement of the engagement piece 16 from being obstructed when the engagement piece 16 is moved laterally (in the direction of arrow Q). Therefore, the ring groove 4e is perpendicular to the axis of the gradually increasing pitch helical rotating threaded rod 4, and is formed around the entire circumference or the upper half of the rotating threaded rod 4.

On the other hand, each trough 3, 3 in the trough row 3G is indicated by an arrow M,
In order to prevent sideways displacement when moving in the N direction, a downwardly protruding guide member 17A shown in FIG. 2 is provided on the bottom surface of each trough 3.3 at the center in the longitudinal direction. This guide member 17A is guided by a guide bar 18A at the top of a column erected on the floor 2a. In addition, guide bar 1
8A is interrupted before the work position 20 at the starting end 3Ga and the terminal end 3Gb of each trough row 3G+, 3Gz, and is designed not to get in the way when the trough 3X moves laterally. However, in the working position 20, as shown in FIG. 4, a stopper is installed to prevent the trough 3X from shifting outward 3s due to the weight, and to prevent the trough 3X from moving when the strip member 12 is moved during harvesting work. 3g is provided on the pillar 3h.

Instead of two such gradually increasing pitch spiral rotating screw rods 4 as described above, one gradually increasing pitch spiral rotating screw rod 4 may be provided in the center of each trough row 3G. good. At that time, as shown in Figure 3, trough 3
Guide members 17B are provided on the left and right sides of the engaging piece 16 located in the center of the
, 17C and fixed guide bar 1.
8B.

What is necessary is to fit it onto the upper surface of 18C and maintain the correct movement posture. As shown in FIG. 1, the thin shaft portions extending from both ends of the pitch gradually increasing helical rotary screw rod 4 are bearing portions 4a provided at the starting end side 3Ga and the terminal end side 3Gb of the trough row 3G.

4a. Of course, the intermediate portion is also supported by several bearings 4b, and the long pitch gradually increasing helical rotating threaded rod 4
This prevents the bending deformation of A and 4B from occurring. Incidentally, the geared motor 4c, which is the drive source of the pinch gradually increasing spiral rotation screw stop 4A, 4B, is installed on the starting end side 3Ga or the terminal end side 3Gb.

The band-shaped member 12 inserted into the space 3f formed between the upper piece 3d of the trough 3 and the supporting protrusion 3C shown in FIG. It is something that you have. The band member 12 has support holes 12a (see FIG. 6) arranged at regular intervals, for example, 15
They are formed at a pitch of 0n+m, and have a diameter that allows the support flange 5a formed on the upper part of the main body of the flower pot 5 to be mounted on and supported. The diameter of the support flange 5a is larger than the opening 3e of the upper piece 3d of the trough 3, and the support flange 5a prevents the flowerpot 5 from falling or coming out. In addition, the top piece 3d
The cross-sectional shapes of the tips of the support protrusions 3c and 3c are rounded (see FIG. 5), and the sliding resistance when the strip member 12 is wound up and fed out is reduced.

A large number of vermiculite grains 19 are placed in the flower pot 5, and the roots extend through the vermiculite grains 19 through the slits 5b formed on the sides and bottom of the main body, and receive nutrients from the nutrient solution 11 flowing through the trough 3. Can be absorbed.

The flowerpot 5 is shaped like a container, for example, formed from a 0.2 mm thick plastic sheet by hot pressing.

By the way, the pitch gradually increasing helical rotating threaded rod 4A,
4B, as shown in FIG. 7, from the starting end side 3Ga of the trough row 3G toward the terminal end side 3Gb
+P 2+... The spiral groove 4d of PI7 is carved, but on the 188th day when the trough 3x that has reached the terminal end side 3Gb shown in Fig. 1 is harvested and planted, the transport direction, that is, the direction of arrow M or the arrow The screw pitch pH+ for further conveying in the N direction to the working position 20 is, for example, 20 (1
It is said to be wm.

As will be described later, if the pitch P1 on the first day is 50 mm, the gap between the troughs 3, 3 will be 0. For example, pitch P2 = 1.2 P on the 2nd day, pitch P3 = 1.4 P on the 3rd day, ..., pitch P1 on the 177th day? = 3.0P, then the trough 3, which is engaged with the helical groove 4d of the thread pitch P2, is moved into the helical groove 4d of the thread pitch P1 by the rotation of the pinch gradually increasing helical rotating threaded rods 4A and 4B. It is expanded to 1.2 times the engaged trough 3, and the thread pitch PI? The trough 3 engaged with the spiral groove 4d is a screw pinch P.

150, which is 3.0 times the trough engaged with the spiral groove 4d.
It is transported in such a way that it is expanded to a length of mm.

In the above explanation, the change in the pitch of troughs 3 and 3 is increased day by day, but in reality, taking into account that the growth over the first few days was not large enough to exceed the width of trough 3, the pitch was increased by 50 mm. The pitch is maintained for several days. Thereafter, the pitch changes in stages.

As shown in FIG. 4, at the working position 20 on the terminal side 3Gb of the first trough row 3Gl and the second trough row 3G2, there is a winder 21a that winds up the belt-like member 12 for harvesting the mature leafy vegetables 6, and a belt-like member 12. A harvesting device 21A equipped with a washer 21b for cleaning the
A planting device 21B indicated by a two-dot chain line in the figure is arranged. That is, in the trough 3X located at the working position 20, the tapered end of the strip member I2 is connected to the winder 21a.

When it is wound up, the thicker side of the roll with a length equal to or longer than one trough is unwound on the planting device F21B side, while the leafy vegetables 6 are drawn out from the strip member 12 on the harvesting bag f21A side.
is pulled out together with the flower pot 5 by the worker. at the same time,
On the planting device 21B side, the flowerpot 5 in which the young seedling 6 is planted
is inserted into the support hole 12a of the strip member 12 by an operator. Once this harvesting/planting work is completed, the curling and thickening side will be reversed from the left state to the right state in Figure 4. It is sufficient that the planting device 21B itself is a stand that is kept on standby until the flower pot 5 is inserted, but if a planting robot is employed, it may be arranged as a planting device. When the harvesting and planting work is completed, a clip is passed through the center of the tapered part or the thickened part of the strip member 12.
Connect the left and right ends of the clip to both sides 3b and 3b of the trough 3 (
If the belt-like member 12 is sandwiched between the outer walls of the belt (see FIG. 5), the belt-like member 12 can be kept compactly.

At the working position 20, the harvested leafy vegetables 6 taken out together with the flowerpot 5 are transferred to the chamber 2 by a belt conveyor 31 installed in a shallow bit 32 extending laterally in the chamber 2, as shown in FIG. Transported to external packaging and shipping room. By employing such a conveyor 31, labor can be saved, and the area occupied in the chamber 2 can be kept small.

The trough 3x that has been harvested and planted is manually pushed in the direction of the arrow Q by the worker engaged in the harvesting and planting work, and is easily moved across to the adjacent trough row 3G using the trough transfer device 33. It looks like this.

This trough transfer device 33 is shown in FIGS. 9(a) and (b).
It consists of a first transfer roller 33A and a second transfer roller 33B shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the first transfer roller 33A is installed between the first trough row 3G and the second trough row 3G2 at the working position 20, and the second transfer roller 33B is installed between each trough row 3G. It is provided at the lower part of the starting end side 3Ga.

As shown in FIG. 9(a), the first transfer roller 33A is
Support 33a, case 3 integrated at the top of support 33a
3b, a shaft 33c fixed to the case 33b, and a roller body 33 rotatably attached to the shaft 33c via a bearing.
d, and the upper surface of the roller body 33d is located on the extension line of the trough 3x (see FIG. 4). The engaging piece 16 of the trough 3x is a spiral rotating screw rod 4 with gradually increasing pitch.
It passes through the ring grooves 4e of A and 4B and moves horizontally as shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. 4, but when one end of the trough 3 is deposited on the cola body 33d, as shown in Fig. 9(a). , both sides of the bottom surface 31 of the roller body 33d are mounting surfaces 33.
f, and is prevented from falling off by the flange 33g. Note that there is a space 33i between the remounting surfaces 33f and 33f.
is formed to allow passage of the engagement frame 6 and guide member 17A that protrude downward from the bottom surface 31 of the trough 3.

On the other hand, the second transfer roller 33B shown in FIG. 9(b) has the same structure as the first transfer roller 33A, but the traversed trough 3X rides on the gradually increasing pitch spiral rotary screw supports 4A and 4B. In order to prevent the top of the second transfer roller 33B from hitting the bottom surface 31 of the trough 3 when the second transfer roller 33B moves in the direction of the arrow N or the direction of the arrow M, the two pitch gradually increasing helical rotating threaded rods 4A, 4 are used.
It is located below the line connecting the top surfaces of B. This second transfer roller 33B supports the trough 3x in a state as shown by the dashed line in FIG. Therefore, if the trough 3x is allowed to move sideways as it is, its tip collides with the gradually increasing pitch spiral rotating threaded rod 4A. When the operator reaches the threaded rod 4A, it is sufficient to let go of the trough 3x. Even if the trough 3x is 20 m long, its weight is such that it can be easily supported by the operator's hands.

As mentioned above, the pitch gradually increasing spiral rotary screw pedestal 4 is always stopped after one rotation, so the trough row 3G in FIG.
, the spiral groove 4d.

While the trough 3x is moving horizontally, the first engagement piece 16 passes through the helical groove 4d+ of the pitch-increasing helical rotary screw rod 4B, and the end of the rotary screw rod 4A. The spiral groove 4d can be reached. For this purpose, the spiral groove 4d has a slight straight portion as shown in FIG. 1, and the bottom of the groove is horizontal as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, a nutrient solution supply device 38 is installed between the first trough row 3G and the second trough row 3Gz. This consists of a main nutrient solution supply pipe 39 and a flexible branch hose 40 branched from the main nutrient solution supply pipe 39. The main nutrient solution supply pipe 39 is connected to a nutrient solution tank installed in the basement. Connected to a transfer pump (not shown). The branch hose 40 is a flexible rubber tube or the like, and supplies the nutrient solution 11 from the branch hose 40 to the inner sides 3L of both troughs 3, 3 facing each other across the nutrient solution supply main pipe 39.

The nutrient solution 11 is absorbed by the leafy vegetables 6 while flowing through the bottom of the trough 3, and the remaining nutrient solution 11 is guided from the outlet 13 to the drain bell 1-14 and led out to the drain trough 15. Ru.

As described in detail above, with this device, there is no need to transport several troughs to be harvested at once using a forklift, etc., and the trough can be made as long as 20 m, allowing for large-scale cultivation. is realized. There is no need for passage space for transportation to the harvest base using a forklift and transportation back to the planting position, and the ratio of planting area to cultivation area can be dramatically increased. Even when the trough row is short, such as 20 m to 30 m, the device for moving the trough from the terminal end to the starting end side is simplified, and its installation and operation costs are low. Also,
Since the troughs for one day are moved every day and the spacing between them is gradually widened, it is possible to close the spacing during the seedling stage, and overall, it is expected that the harvest will be twice as much as if the troughs were spaced evenly. be able to. Note that although the above-mentioned devices are all installed indoors, the present invention can be applied even when installed outdoors.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall plan view of the trough mobile hydroponic cultivation facility of the present invention in which two trough circulation systems are provided, Fig. 2 is a view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 Figure 4 is a front view of a trough row with a different arrangement of pitch-increasing helical rotating threaded rods.
The figure is a view taken along the line ■-TV in Figure 1, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the trough alone, Figure 6 is a view taken along the line VI-Vl in Figure 5, and Figure 7 is a view taken along the line VI-Vl in Figure 5.
The figure is a conceptual diagram explaining the conveyance of the trough and the increase in pitch change by a pitch-gradually increasing helical rotating threaded rod, and Figure 8 is (a).
(b) is a structural explanatory diagram of a first transfer roller and a second transfer roller that constitute the trough transfer device. 1-) Rough mobile hydroponic cultivation facility, 3,3 x-) Rough,
3A, 3B - trough circulatory system, 3 G--- trough row,
3G, - first trough row, 3Gz"' - second trough row 3
G a-starting end side, 3C, b-terminus side, 3a-bottom, 3s-outward side, 4.4A, 4B-pitch gradually increasing helical rotating threaded rod, 4d, 4d, 4dZ-helical groove, 4e- Ring groove, 5-flower pot, 11-nutrient solution, 12-band member, 16-
Engagement piece, 20-Working position, 21 Constant planting/harvesting device, 33
-h rough transfer device, 38-nutrient solution supply device, P I ””
P 18-Thread pitch, M, #---Conveyance direction, Q-
Transverse direction. Patent applicant: Kobe Enterprise Co., Ltd. (and 1 other person) Agent: Katsutoshi Yoshimura (and 1 other person) Figure (a) Figure (b)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A plurality of troughs through which a belt-like member is inserted through the top and a nutrient solution flows through the bottom are arranged in parallel and on the same plane, forming a trough row extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the troughs. In the hydroponic cultivation facility, the plantation is removably supported by each of the troughs via the belt-like member that can be freely rolled out and rolled up, and includes a spiral groove carved from the starting end to the terminal end of the trough row. The pitch of the troughs is gradually increased, and the troughs can be mounted via engagement pieces attached to each of the troughs that can be engaged and detached from the spiral groove, and the pitch of each trough is conveyed in the direction in which the trough row extends. A first trough row adjacent to the first trough row is provided with a gradually increasing pitch spiral rotating threaded rod, and conveys each trough all at once from the starting end side to the terminal end side by rotating the gradually increasing pitch spiral rotating screw rod. A trough circulation system is formed with a second trough row that transports the troughs all at once from the start end to the end end in the opposite direction to the conveyance direction of the first trough row. A ring groove connected to a spiral groove for further conveying the trough in each transport direction is formed on the terminal side of each of the troughs, and one side of each trough is formed on the terminal side of each trough row at the working position where the ring groove is located. A planting/harvesting device for planting from one end and harvesting from the other end is installed, and the trough after planting and harvesting in the working position is transferred to an adjacent trough row with the engaging piece passing through the ring groove. A trough transfer device is provided that causes the plurality of troughs to move laterally and engages an engaging piece with a helical groove of a gradually increasing pitch helical rotating threaded rod on the starting end side of the trough row, and the plurality of troughs are connected to the first trough row. In the second trough row, each trough moves through the trough circulation system while expanding its pitch, so that planting, cultivation, and harvesting can be repeated without taking the trough out of the trough circulation system. A mobile trough hydroponic cultivation facility. (2) In order to promote the flow of the nutrient solution supplied to the troughs, the troughs of each of the trough rows are inclined downwardly toward the outside in the longitudinal direction of the troughs, and the first trough row and the 2. The trough mobile hydroponic cultivation facility according to claim 1, further comprising a nutrient solution supply device for flowing nutrient solution to each trough between the two trough rows.