JPH05123295A - Eye ball microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable simultaneous knowing of an observation place during observation and to enable knowing the endothelial image of which part of the eye from a photograph taken as a material at the time of observing or photographing the endothelial cell of the cornea of the testee's eye ball at a high magnification. CONSTITUTION:The illuminating optical path from an illuminating lamp 21 or electronic flash discharge tube 24 for illuminating rays past one half part of the objective lens of the eye ball microscope having the objective lens 35 provided with a cone lens 35b in contact with the eye ball plane at the front end is shielded in a prescribed part by a partial shielding plate 14 and the part to be observed is illuminated with this ray. The image ray of the part to be observed from the other half part of the objective lens is magnified imaged. On the other hand, the cone lens is made to photograph the eye ball front plane in a contact state by a photographic lens 2 directed to the eye ball front plane from the side of the observation optical axis. The eye ball front plane is made illuminatable from the side with the light from the electronic flash discharge tube 24 via a guide 1. The eye ball front plane image indicating the observation place is formed at one corner of them magnified imaged screen of the endothelial cell of the part to be observed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ocular microscope configured to magnify and photograph corneal endothelium cells of a subject's eye. The present invention relates to an eye microscope configured to be known.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a diagnostic microscope for corneal cells,
The illumination light is sent to the surface to be observed through a half of the objective lens that has a cone lens that contacts the eye spherical surface of the subject at the tip.
A microscope of a type for magnifying or observing a surface to be observed illuminated by the other half of the objective lens is a microscope disclosed in British Published Patent Specification No. 2,034,499 or a microscope of this type. There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-211109 proposed by the present applicant, which has been improved to enhance the contrast of an observed image or photograph.
What is described in this publication is provided with an optical system as shown in FIG. 3, and is used as a light source for illuminating the surface to be observed, an illumination lamp 21 for illumination at the time of observation, and illumination at the time of photographing on the illumination optical axis thereof. The strobe discharge tube 24 is provided, and the diaphragm 27 for limiting the incidence of the illumination light beam to the objective lens 35 to only a part within the one half is interposed between the light source of the illumination light beam and the objective lens. It is provided between the specified lens systems so that the illuminating light beam is sufficiently converged into the one half of the objective lens to enter, and scattering and reflection in the optical system are reduced to improve the contrast of the observed image or photograph. I am trying.

[0003]

The images observed or photographed with these microscopes are only images of corneal endothelial cells that can be seen at high magnification (see FIG. 5), and no matter what part of the eye the photograph remains as a reference material. There was a problem that I did not know the endothelium image.
Also, when selecting the observation site, it was necessary to take the eyes off the camera finder and check the observation site, which was inconvenient.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is not necessary to confirm the observation place by observing or taking a picture by separating the eyes from the finder of the camera attached to the microscope. You can know the observation place with the finder attached, and you can use an eye microscope that allows you to know which part of the cell image is in the photograph, without the need for materials such as sketches of the observation position at the time of photography. The purpose is to provide.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, as an eyeball microscope of the present invention, an observation place imprinting means for imprinting an eyeball observation place on a part of an enlarged image forming screen of corneal endothelial cells. Is attached to the microscope.

As an eyeball microscope, a cone lens that comes into contact with the spherical surface of the subject's eye is provided at the tip, and the observed portion is illuminated by an illumination light beam that passes through one half of the objective lens that is divided by a dividing surface that passes through the optical axis. However, it is possible to carry out magnified observation or photography of the observed part by the image beam of the observed part which goes backward in the other half of the objective lens, and is a light source of the illumination light beam to the objective lens. Is formed by an illumination lamp and a strobe discharge tube positioned in front of the illumination optical axis. Further, a photographing lens for photographing the anterior surface of the eyeball from the side of the microscope optical axis, which is the observation optical axis, is arranged with the optical axis directed to the eye spherical surface, and the eyeball front image ray is transmitted through the lens system to the microscope. An image is formed on a predetermined area at one corner of the enlarged image-forming screen (film surface or screen surface) of the observed part on the optical axis, and the strobe discharge tube is used to irradiate the front surface of the eyeball from the side. The illuminating means is arranged by the light guide or the like through the light guide. Then, a means for partially blocking the illumination optical path is attached to the illumination optical path so as to block a part of the illumination optical path of the observed portion corresponding to a predetermined area at one corner of the enlarged image-forming screen, It is advisable to form an image of the front surface of the eyeball in contact with the cone lens on one corner of the enlarged image forming screen.

A partial shielding plate that partially shields the illumination optical path is used as the partial shielding means for the illumination optical path of the observed portion,
A partial shield plate for the illumination light path is attached to the illumination light path so as to be freely inserted and removed, and a shield plate for the image light path on the front surface of the eyeball is provided so as to be freely inserted and removed in the image light path. Then, in conjunction with the partial shielding plate entering the illumination optical path of the observed part and shielding a part of the illumination optical path, the shielding plate for the image optical path is submitted from the optical path of the front image of the eye and the image optical path is transmitted. On the other hand, when the partial shielding plate exits from the illumination optical path of the observed part to release the partial shielding of the illumination optical path, the shielding plate of the image optical path enters the front eyeball image optical path and closes the optical path. It is a good idea to do so.

[0008]

In the eye microscope constructed as described above, the observation place imprinting means attached to the observer allows the observer to photograph the eyeball spot on a part of the enlarged image-forming screen of the corneal endothelial cells at the observed spot. Is an enlarged image of the observed part,
At the same time, we can know which part of the eyeball it is.

In an eyeball microscope equipped with a cone lens at the tip of the objective lens, when diagnosing corneal endothelial cells of the eyeball of a subject, the cone lens at the tip of the objective lens of the microscope is brought into contact with the spherical surface of the eye to turn on the illumination lamp. When turned on, the illumination light beam from the illumination lamp is blocked by the partial blocking means from the optical path corresponding to a predetermined part of one corner of the enlarged image-forming screen of the observed portion, passes through one half of the objective lens, and comes from the tip of the cone lens. Illuminate the corneal endothelium of the required observation area.
The image light of the illuminated corneal endothelium travels backward from the cone lens in the other half of the objective lens and is enlarged to form an image on the image plane at the rear end of the optical axis of the microscope with a predetermined portion at one corner missing.
On the other hand, since the observed portion on the front surface of the eyeball illuminated by the illumination light beam and in contact with the cone lens is illuminated and shines, the image light ray on the front surface of the eyeball in contact with the cone lens is the observation optical axis of the microscope. An image is formed on a predetermined area at one corner of the enlarged image forming screen through a lens system via a photographing lens in which the photographing optical axis is directed from the side of the optical axis to the front of the eyeball. With this, together with the magnified image of the observing section, a front image of the eyeball indicating a place being observed is simultaneously formed in a predetermined portion of one corner of the image, and a magnified image of the observing place is displayed by the viewfinder of the attached single-lens reflex camera. Its position can be observed simultaneously. When shooting, the strobe discharge tube that is synchronized with the opening and closing of the shutter emits light to capture a magnified image of the corneal endothelial cells at the observation location on the film surface, and to illuminate the light from the strobe discharge tube. By means of the means, it is possible to illuminate the front surface of the eyeball with which the tip of the cone lens is in contact, and to image the front surface image of the eyeball indicating the observation location in one corner of the enlarged image of the endothelial cells at the observation location.

As a partial blocking means of the illumination optical path of the observed portion, a partial shielding plate attached to the illumination optical path so as to be able to move in and out, and a shielding plate provided so as to be able to move in and out of the image optical path in front of the eyeball are interlocked with each other to drive the partial shielding plate. Enters the illumination light path, and the shielding plate of the image light path exits from the front eyeball image light path, the front eyeball image is formed in the enlarged image missing portion at one corner of the enlarged imaged screen of the endothelial cells of the observed portion, and the observation is performed. Alternatively, it is possible to know at the same time which position the magnified image of the observed part is from the photographed film. On the other hand, when the partial shield plate for the illumination light path and the shield plate for the front eyeball image light path are set in the opposite direction to the above, only the magnified image of the observed portion is formed as in the conventional case.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a case of observing or photographing a magnified image of corneal cells of a subject's eye using an eye microscope of the present invention using a single-lens reflex camera. Of the optical system of FIG. 1, only the optical system portion for forming an enlarged image (observation image) of the eye spherical surface which is the observation surface is shown in FIG. The optical system is one of the conventional optical systems and is the optical system previously proposed by the applicant of the present invention (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-21109) having a structure in which the contrast of an observed image or photograph is enhanced. In the optical system, an illumination lamp 21 as an illumination light source of an observed portion at the time of observation and a strobe discharge tube 24 are arranged at a position where a light emitted from the lamp 21 is focused by a condenser lens 22.
The light from the lamp 21 is condensed by the condenser lens 22 and the light from the stroboscopic discharge tube 24 is converged by the condenser lens 23, and a half-moon or arcuate diaphragm 27 is placed at the focal position of the lens 23. Front and rear heat insulating filter 25
A monochromatic filter 26 that can be inserted and removed is arranged.

The illumination light beam passing through the diaphragm 27 is reflected by a reflecting mirror 28.
After being reflected by, the light passes through the lens 29 and the variable width slit 30. The variable width slit 30 is formed long in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, and the slit width d can be adjusted.
Further, the slit 30 is placed in the vicinity of the common focus point position of the eye spherical surface 36 which is the surface to be observed by the slit projection lens 31 and the objective lens 35 which will be described later. The illumination light beam that has passed through the slit 30 passes through the slit projection lens 31, is reflected by the reflecting mirror 32 and the rhomboid prism 33, travels substantially parallel to the microscope optical axis 34, enters the objective lens 35, and makes the ocular spherical surface 36 the paper surface. Illuminate in a direction perpendicular to. on the other hand,
The image of the diaphragm 27 is obtained by the lens 29 and the slit projection lens 3
1, the image is formed in the vicinity of the entrance pupil of the objective lens 35 so as not to contact the optical axis 34 of the microscope and the lens barrel.
Reference numeral 37 is a light shield which also serves as a support member for the reflecting mirror 32 and the prism 33. In this case, since the image of the diaphragm 27 can be formed in the vicinity of the entrance pupil of the objective lens 35, the irradiation light beam is sufficiently converged and enters the objective lens 35. That is,
It is limited by the diaphragm 27 so that only a part of the lower half of the objective lens 35 is incident, and scattering and reflection in the optical system can be reduced to enhance the contrast of an observed image or a photographed image. The contrast can be further improved by adjusting the width d of the slit 30 according to the use situation.

The objective lens 35 has a floating structure so that the cone lens 35b at the tip always contacts the cornea regardless of the back-and-forth movement of the subject's face. And
Only the rear lens group 35a can be moved and adjusted in the optical axis direction to adjust the focus. The image light beam obtained by the objective lens 35 is transmitted by the image forming lens 38 to the film 40 in the camera 39.
Image on top. The camera 39 is a normal single-lens reflex type, and has a shirt 41 and a movable mirror 42 on the front surface of the film 40.
An image is formed on the screen 43 when the movable mirror 42 is at the position shown. The image formed on the screen 43 can be observed through the pentagonal prism 44 and the finder lens 45.

The image light beam is branched by a semitransparent mirror 46 between the imaging lens 38 and the camera 39, passes through the reduction lens 47 and the deflection prism 48, and forms an image on a plane 49, which is formed by an eyepiece lens 50. Observed through. Reduction lens 47
Adjusts the magnification of the image formed on the flat surface 49 so as to be suitable for observation. Also, the deflection prism 48 is used for the eyepiece lens 5.
It is possible to freely rotate about the branched optical axis 51 with 0.

On the other hand, in order to take a front image of the eyeball in a state where the cone lens 35b at the tip of the objective lens is brought into contact with the observed portion of the eye spherical surface 36 of the subject, the taking lens 2 causes the optical axis 17 of the taking lens 2 to move as described above. It is disposed so as to be directed toward the eye spherical surface from below the microscope optical axis 34 (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The image light beam (including the contact state of the cone lens) on the front of the eye obtained by the taking lens 2 passes through the diaphragm 3 and then is changed in its optical path by the reflecting mirror 4 in the direction perpendicular to the microscope optical axis direction (see FIG. 2). , Is reflected by the roof prism 5, travels substantially parallel to the microscope optical axis 34, passes through the relay lens 6, and is deflected upward by the reflecting mirror 7 toward the microscope optical axis side. Rotate up and down. Image rotation prism 8
The light beam of the front image of the eyeball that has passed through travels in a direction substantially parallel to the microscope optical axis 34 by the reflecting mirror 9 arranged on the side of the microscope optical axis 34, passes through the relay lens 10, and is taken by the reflecting mirror 11 in the photographing optical axis 34.
It traverses the upper part in a perpendicular direction, and its optical path travels in parallel with the microscope optical axis 34 by the reflecting mirror 12, and on the film 40 in the camera 39 or on the screen 43 by the objective lens 35 and the imaging lens 38 of the microscope optical system. An image is formed at a predetermined position in the upper corner portion of the enlarged image forming screen of the eyeball endothelial cells imaged (when the movable mirror 42 is at the position shown in FIG. 1). In the figure, reference numeral 18 indicates the optical axis of the eye front image ray.

Further, one end of the light guide 1 is exposed to the stroboscopic arc tube 24, and the photographic optical axis 1 of the photographic lens 2 is arranged so that the light emitting portion at the other end is directed to the front of the eyeball.
7 is arranged in close proximity to the strobe arc tube 24 to emit light,
The cone lens tip portion 35b illuminates the front image of the eyeball in contact.

The illumination light beam from the illumination lamp 21 passes through the variable width slit 30 of the optical system of the illumination light path and then reaches the slit projection lens 31 and then the illumination light path 16 of the width d is allowed to enter and leave the optical path at a predetermined position. Partial shielding plate for illumination optical path 1
4 are provided. The shielding plate 14 is for blocking the illumination of the caulking portion so that the screen portion does not form an image at a predetermined corner of the enlarged image-forming screen of the observed portion imaged on the film 40 or the screen 43. When the front image of the eyeball showing the observation place is formed and imaged in the one corner, it enters the illumination optical path to block a part of the optical path to form an imaging space for the front image of the eyeball, and the front image of the eyeball is unnecessary. In this case, the optical path is separated from the optical path.

On the other hand, in the optical path of the front image of the eyeball indicating the observation place, the front image light beam travels from the taking lens 2 through the optical system above the microscope optical axis 34 in parallel with the optical axis. Before the movable mirror 42 of the optical path reaching one corner of 40,
A shield plate 13 is arranged so as to be able to move in and out of the optical path. The shield plate 13 forms the front surface image of the eyeball at one corner of the magnified image-forming screen of the corneal endothelial cells, and the shield plate 1 for the above-mentioned illumination optical path.
4 is retracted from the front image optical path in conjunction with the entry into the illumination optical path, but when the front image of the eyeball is not needed, it is entered into the front image optical path in conjunction with the withdrawal of the partial shielding plate 14 from the illumination optical path. The formation of the front image is blocked. As a result, in one corner of the enlarged image of the corneal endothelial cells on the image plane such as the film 40 surface,
An anterior ocular surface image showing whether or not the magnified image is at the position is formed. On the other hand, when the anterior surface image of the eye is not necessary, it can be cut off to make the entire screen a corneal endothelial cell image. .. In order to open and close the optical path of the front image of the eye in the above,
Although the shield plate 13 is provided in the optical path in front of the movable mirror 42 so as to be freely inserted and removed, in place of this, the shield plate 13 ′ is arranged in front of the taking lens 2 so that image rays from the front of the eyeball can be blocked or passed.
May be provided, or both may be used together.

When the corneal endothelium image of the subject's eyeball is observed using this microscope, the illumination lamp 21 is turned on, and the front surface of the eyeball in contact with the cone lens becomes brighter due to the illumination light from the tip of the cone lens. Therefore, an optical system from the taking lens 2 which is directed from the side to the eye spherical surface 36 causes the front view of the eyeball indicating the observation location to be magnified by the viewfinder lens 45 of the camera at a high magnification (see the corneal endothelium image shown in FIGS. 4 and 5). The long side of the screen can be observed in one corner of the corneal endothelium image, which can be seen in the actual size of 1 mm on the spherical surface of the eye.) Since the area is illuminated from the side, it is possible to simultaneously capture an image of the corneal endothelial cells by stroboscopic light emission and an anterior eye image showing the observation location (FIG. 4).
reference). Further, when the anterior eye image is not necessary, only the high-magnification corneal endothelium image obtained by cutting the anterior eye image can be easily viewed by switching the insertion of the shielding plate into the optical path (see FIG. 5).

In the above-mentioned embodiment, as the eyeball microscope, the one having the cone lens at the tip of the objective lens for bringing it into contact with the spherical surface of the subject's eye was used, but it is not limited to this, and the observation place is copied. Although a lens system is used as an enclosing means, the anterior ocular image in contact with the cone lens is projected in one corner of the enlarged image screen of the endothelial cells. It is also possible to display it (by coordinates in the iris, etc.). Further, in the embodiment, a partial shield plate is used as a partial shield means for the illumination optical path reaching the objective lens so that it can freely enter and leave the optical path. However, instead of this, a liquid crystal plate is arranged at the portion corresponding to the partial shielding of the illumination optical path. Similarly, it is possible to partially block the illumination light path by intermittently energizing the liquid crystal plate, and to perform side illumination to the front of the eyeball from the strobe discharge tube via the light guide. However, a strobe discharge tube may be separately provided to illuminate from the side, and various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0022]

According to the eye microscope of the present invention as set forth in claim 1, in magnifying observation or photographing of corneal endothelial cells of the eyeball of a subject, a magnified image forming screen of corneal endothelial cells to be observed or photographed. Since I was trying to imprint the observation place at the same time in one corner, it was not possible to know which part of the eye the endothelial cell image was based on only the corneal endothelial cell image seen at high magnification. It is possible to easily know the observation place at the same time as the observation or from the remaining photographs taken as a material. Further, at the time of observation, the observation place can be seen in the camera finder, the portion can be used as a guide for the observation place, and the desired position can be easily set and observed. Further, depending on the patient, there are cases where the same place is continuously observed and the progress is observed. In this case, the observation place can be accurately reset.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the front surface image of the eyeball in contact with the cone lens indicating the observation place is imaged in one corner of the magnified image forming screen of the corneal endothelial cells, the image is magnified in one corner of the magnifying image forming screen. Since the image is not formed and the front image of the eyeball is projected at that position, it is possible to perform good optical composition without the images intersecting each other and to project the front image of the eyeball at the observation place.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the partial shielding plate for the illumination light path of the observed portion and the shielding plate for the front eyeball image light path are provided so as to be able to move in and out of the respective optical paths, it is not necessary to copy the observation place. Since the optical path of the front image of the eye is blocked and the corresponding illumination optical path of the observed portion is not blocked, it is possible to freely copy and cut the observation place as needed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an optical path diagram of an embodiment of an eyeball microscope of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an optical path of a new optical system added to an optical system of a conventional eye microscope.

FIG. 3 is an optical path diagram of a conventional eye microscope,

[Fig. 4] Composite screen of corneal endothelium image showing observation place

FIG. 5: Screen of conventional corneal endothelium image

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Light guide, 2 ... Photographic lens, 13, 13 '
... Front image optical path shield plate, 14 ... Illumination optical path partial shield plate, 1
8 ... Optical axis of front eye image, 21 ... Illumination lamp, 24 ... Strobe discharge tube, 34 ... Microscope optical axis, 35 ... Objective lens, 35b ... Cone lens, 36 ... Observed surface (eye spherical surface), 39 ... Camera, 50 ... eyepiece.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An eyeball microscope configured to magnify and observe a corneal endothelial cell in an observed portion of an eyeball of a subject, and observe the eyeball on a part of a magnified image forming screen of the corneal endothelial cell. An eyeball microscope characterized in that an observation place imprinting means for imprinting a place is attached to the microscope. 2. An eyeball microscope is provided with a cone lens which is in contact with the spherical surface of the eye at the tip, and illuminates an observed portion with an illumination light beam that passes through one half of an objective lens divided by a dividing surface that passes substantially through the optical axis. The observation place imprinting means is configured to perform magnified observation or magnified photography of the observed portion by an image light beam of the observed portion that is retrograde in the other half of the objective lens. The illumination light source is formed by an illumination lamp and a strobe discharge tube positioned in front of the illumination optical axis, and the optical axis of the photographing lens for photographing the front of the eyeball from the side of the microscope optical axis is directed to the eye spherical surface. At the very least, the image light on the front surface of the eyeball is imaged through a lens system in a predetermined area at one corner of the enlarged image-forming screen of the observed part on the optical axis of the microscope. Su Illuminating means such as a light guide from a robo discharge tube is provided, and a part of the illuminating light path of the observed portion corresponding to a predetermined area at one corner of the enlarged image forming screen is partially cut off. 2. The eyeball microscope according to claim 1, wherein the eyeball microscope is attached to the illumination optical path so that an image of the front surface of the eyeball can be formed at one corner of the enlarged image forming screen of the observed portion. 3. The partial blocking means of the illumination optical path of the observed portion is a partial blocking plate of the illumination optical path, and the partial blocking plate of the illumination optical path is attached to the illumination optical path so as to be able to move in and out of the eyeball front surface. A shield plate for the image light path is attached to the image light path so that it can freely move in and out,
While the partial shielding plate enters the illumination optical path of the observed portion and shields a part of the illumination optical path, the shielding plate of the image optical path is retracted from the eyeball front image optical path to open the image optical path. When the partial shielding plate exits the illumination optical path of the observed portion and releases the partial shielding of the illumination optical path, the shielding plate of the image optical path enters the eyeball front image optical path and closes the image optical path. The eyeball microscope according to claim 2, wherein