JPH05162003A - Combined machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] Two or more spindles that can move relative to each other can be driven by a single rotary drive source, which facilitates weight reduction and cost reduction. A first elevating table 24 supported by a device body 16 and capable of ascending and descending, a second elevating table 32 supported by the first elevating table 24 so as to be elevatable, and the first and second elevating tables 24, First and second spindle units 34 and 36 arranged vertically in 32, a motor M fixed to the first elevating table 24, and a rotational force of the motor M is transmitted to the first spindle unit 34. And a second transmission mechanism 39 for transmitting the rotational force of the motor M to the second spindle unit 36.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compound machine tool in which a first and a second spindle unit, which are individually displaceable, are provided on a main body of a device which can advance and retract with respect to a work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Normally, in NC (numerical control) machine tools,
It has been pointed out that since a single spindle is used to machine a workpiece, the machining efficiency is reduced when a plurality of workpieces that require machining are used. Therefore, various improvements have been made to solve this kind of problem. For example, as disclosed in JP-A-59-69242, two sets of spindle heads are provided in one column. Machine tools are used.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional technique, two sets of spindle heads are supported on the same column so as to be able to move up and down through actuators, and the tools fixed to the respective spindle heads are connected to each other. Because the interval is fixed,
There is a problem that it is inferior in versatility because it cannot support different kinds of works. In addition, when there are two processing parts close to each other on the workpiece, it becomes difficult to process these two processing parts at the same time, resulting in a decrease in processing efficiency.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention movably supports a first spindle and a second spindle via a movable table on a guide rail provided on the main body of the apparatus, and also, between the axes of the first and second spindles. A biaxial machine tool provided with a feed screw mechanism whose distance can be adjusted is proposed (see Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-138515). However,
In the above machine tool, since each spindle is configured to be relatively displaceable, the rotary drive source is connected to each spindle. For this reason, particularly when a plurality of spindles are provided, a plurality of rotary drive sources are required corresponding to the number of the spindles, resulting in an increase in cost and a considerable weight.

The present invention relates to an improvement of this type of machine tool, in which two or more spindles that can move relative to each other can be driven by a single rotary drive source, which facilitates weight reduction and cost reduction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compound machine tool capable of downing.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a first device movably supported by an apparatus main body.
A movable table, a second movable table which is relatively displaceable with respect to the first movable table, the first and second movable tables
First and second spindle units fixed to the movable table, a rotary drive source fixed to the first movable table, and a first for transmitting the rotational force of the rotary drive source to the first spindle unit. A transmission mechanism and a second transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotational force of the rotary drive source to the second spindle unit are provided. The second transmission mechanism has one end side with respect to the drive shaft of the rotary drive source. A first gear case that swingably engages, one end of which swingably engages the second spindle unit, and the other end of which is the first gear case.
A second gear case that swingably engages with the other end of the gear case, and a gear train that is housed in the first and second gear cases and that transmits the rotation of the drive shaft to the spindle of the second spindle unit. It is characterized by being provided.

[0007]

In the above-described compound machine tool of the present invention, the rotational force is transmitted to the first and second spindle units via the first and second transmission mechanisms under the action of the rotary drive source, and the respective spindles rotate. To be done. Then, when the first spindle unit is displaced, the rotary drive source and the first transmission mechanism move integrally with the first spindle unit. On the other hand, when the second spindle unit moves,
The first gear case that constitutes the second transmission mechanism swings with respect to the drive shaft of the rotary drive source, and the second gear case that engages with the first gear case swings with respect to the second spindle unit. The rotation of the shaft is the second via the gear train.
It is reliably transmitted to the spindle of the spindle unit.
Therefore, the relatively movable first and second spindle units can be easily driven by a single rotary drive source.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A compound machine tool according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 4, reference numeral 10 indicates
The compound machine tool which concerns on a present Example is shown. The compound machine tool 10 includes an X table 14 which is arranged on a base 12 so as to be movable back and forth in an arrow X direction, an apparatus body 16 which is supported on the X table 14 and is movable back and forth in an arrow Z direction, Guide rails 20, 20 provided on the front surface 18 of the device body 16
A first lifting table (movable table) 24 that is supported by the
A second elevating table (movable table) 32 supported by guide rails 28, 28 provided on the front surface 26 of the first elevating table 24 and capable of ascending and descending via a second servomotor 30; Second lifting table 2
The first and second spindle units 34 and 36 fixedly mounted on the motors 4 and 32 and arranged vertically, the motor M fixed to the first lifting table 24, and the rotational force of the motor M A first transmission mechanism 37 for transmitting to the spindle unit 34 and a second transmission mechanism 39 for transmitting the rotational force of the motor M to the second spindle unit 36 are provided.

The base 12 has guide rails 38a to 3a.
8c and the first drive motor 40 are fixedly mounted, and a ball screw 42 connected to the first drive motor 40 and extending in the arrow X direction engages a nut member 44 provided on the X table 14. The X table 14 has a guide rail 46,
46 and the second drive motor 48 are connected to each other, and the ball screw 50 connected to the second drive motor 48 and extending in the arrow Z direction is engaged with the nut member 52 provided on the apparatus body 16.

The apparatus main body 16 is provided with a vertically long column 54, and the first servomotor 22 is fixed to the upper portion of the column 54 in the vertically downward direction. The ball screw 56 axially attached to the first servomotor 22 is
4 is supported at the lower end side of the first lifting table 2
4 is engaged with the nut member 58 provided on the No. 4 (see FIG. 5). The first spindle unit 34 is attached to the side of the first lifting table 24 so that its axis is the first lifting table 2
A first housing 60 is provided to support the front surface 26 of the vehicle 4 in a direction intersecting the front surface 26.

A second servomotor 30 is fixed to the upper part of the first lifting table 24 in a vertically downward direction.
A ball screw 62 axially attached to the second servomotor 30.
Is supported on the lower end side of the front surface 26 of the first lifting table 24 and engages with the nut member 64 provided on the second lifting table 32 (see FIG. 1). A second housing 68 that supports the second spindle unit 36 so that its axis is oriented in a direction intersecting the front surface 66 of the second lifting table 32 is provided on the side of the second lifting table 32.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first spindle unit 34 includes a hollow spindle 70, and the spindle 70 is rotatably supported in the first spindle unit 34 via a plurality of bearings 72 and the like. ing. A gear 74 is axially attached to the outer peripheral portion of the spindle 70, and a rod 76 is movably arranged inside the spindle 70. The rod 76 is pressed rearward via a spring 78. The tool holder 80 is coaxially engaged with the tip of the rod 76, and the unclamping cylinder mechanism 82 is connected to the rear end of the tool holder 80.

The second spindle unit 36 is the first spindle unit.
The spindle unit 34 has the same configuration as that of the spindle unit 34, and the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals with the symbol a and detailed description thereof will be omitted (see FIGS. 6 and 7).

The first transmission mechanism 37 includes a drive shaft housing 8
4, one end of the drive shaft housing 84 is fixed to the first lifting table 24, and the motor M is fixed to the other end of the drive shaft housing 84. A rotary shaft 88 is coaxially connected to a drive shaft 86 of the motor M, and a first drive gear 90 forming the first transmission mechanism 37 is axially attached to the tip end side of the rotary shaft 88. This first drive gear 9
0 meshes with a gear 74 axially attached to a spindle 70 constituting the first spindle unit 34 via a gear 92 (see FIG. 5).

The second transmission mechanism 39 is a drive shaft housing 8
4 has a first gear case 96 of which one end side is swingably mounted.
A second gear case 98, one end of which swingably engages with the second spindle unit 36 and the other end of which swingably engages with the other end of the first gear case 96; And a gear train 100 housed in the second gear cases 96 and 98 for transmitting the rotation of the drive shaft 86 to the spindle 70a of the second spindle unit 36. One end side of the first gear case 96 is swingable around the axis of the rotary shaft 88 as a fulcrum.
The other end of the second gear case 98 is clamped from both sides by a bracket 102 provided on the other end of the second gear case 98 (FIG. 5).
Through FIG. 8).

The gear train 100 has a second drive gear 106 that is mounted on the rotary shaft 88 and is disposed in the first gear case 96.
The second drive gear 106 meshes with the gear 112 via the gear 110, and the rotary shaft 114 that pivotally mounts the gear 112 enters the second gear case 98 and the gear 11
Shaft 6 The gear 116 meshes with the gear 118, and the gear 118 meshes with the gear 74a provided on the spindle 70a that constitutes the second spindle unit 36 (see FIG. 6).

The column 54 which constitutes the apparatus main body 16 includes:
The automatic tool changing unit 1 is provided on the side opposite to the side where the first and second spindle units 34, 36 are held.
20 is attached. This automatic tool change unit 120
Includes a casing 122 that is driven forward and backward and is rotated. The tool gripping means 12 is provided on both sides of the casing 122.
4, 126 are attached. The tool gripping means 124, 1
Reference numeral 26 designates two sets of open / close arms 1 arranged above and below, respectively.
28a, 128b and 130a, 130b.

On the other hand, the X table 14 is provided with a tool magazine 132 on the side of the automatic tool changing unit 120. The tool magazine 132 is rotatable via a motor 134, and two tool magazines are provided on the outer side thereof. Multiple sets of tools T1 each
To Tn are detachably held.

As shown in FIG. 2, on the base 12, in addition to the apparatus body 16 described above, the apparatus body 16a has an X table 1
They are individually movably arranged via 4a. The first and second elevating tables 24a and 32a provided on the apparatus body 16a face the first and second housings 60 and 68 of the first and second elevating tables 24 and 32 that form the apparatus body 16. First and second housings 60a and 68a are formed on the side portions. The first and second spindle units 34a and 36a are mounted on the first and second housings 60a and 68a, and the first and second spindle units 34a and 36a are mounted on the apparatus main body 16. Spindle unit 3
4, 36 can be as close as possible.

A work mount 140 for positioning and holding the work W is arranged in front of the apparatus main bodies 16 and 16a (see FIG. 3).

Next, the operation of the compound machine tool 10 thus constructed will be described.

First, while the work W is positioned and held on the work mounting base 140 in a predetermined processing posture, the device main body 16
The first and second spindle units 3 mounted on the
Corresponding to the work operation of the work W, tools T1 and T1 are preliminarily attached to 4a and 36a. Therefore, the first and second spindle units 34a and 36a to which the tools T1 and T1 are mounted are integrally rotated under the driving action of the motor M via the first and second transmission mechanisms 37 and 39. , The workpiece W is positioned corresponding to the processed portion.

That is, the rotary shaft 88 is rotated via the drive shaft 86 under the driving action of the motor M, and the first and second drive gears 90 and 106 pivotally mounted on the rotary shaft 88 are integrally rotated. To be done. The spindle 70 rotates via the gear 92 that meshes with the first drive gear 90 and the gear 74 that meshes with the gear 92, and the tool holder 80 and the tool T1 that engage with the tip end of the spindle 70 are integrally formed. Rotate. On the other hand, the gear 11 that meshes with the second drive gear 106
0 and the gear 112 meshing therewith are rotated, and the rotary shaft 114 that pivotally mounts the gear 112 is rotated to rotate the gear 11
The spindle 70a rotates under the rotating action of 6, 118 and the gear 74a, and the tool T1 held by the tool holder 80a rotates. As a result, the tool T1 mounted on the first and second spindle units 34, 36,
T1 will be driven to rotate integrally.

The first and second spindle units 3
The tools T1 and T1 mounted on the Nos. 4 and 36 are automatically adjusted in their height positions corresponding to the machining site of the work W by driving the first servo motor 22 and the second servo motor 30. Done. That is, when the ball screw 56 is rotated under the driving action of the first servo motor 22, the first elevating table 24 is integrated with the nut member 58 engaging with the ball screw 56 so as to guide the guide rails 20, 20. Move down and up. For this reason, the shaft center of the first spindle unit 34 mounted on the first housing 60 of the first lifting table 24 is positioned corresponding to the lower processing portion (not shown) of the work W. Further, under the driving action of the second servo motor 30 fixed to the upper part of the first lifting table 24, the second lifting table 32 guides the guide rails 28, 28 via the ball screw 62 and the nut member 64. Move vertically under action.
Therefore, the shaft center of the second spindle unit 36 mounted on the second housing 68 is positioned corresponding to the upper processing portion (not shown) of the work W.

Next, the first and second spindle units 34, 36 are positioned with respect to the work W in the arrow X direction by driving the first drive motor 40.
That is, under the action of the first drive motor 40, the ball screw 4
When 2 is rotated, the X table 14 is integrated with the nut member 44 engaging with the guide rails 38a to 38c.
Is moved in the direction of the arrow X under the guiding action of. Therefore, when the X table 14 is moved to a predetermined position, the first drive motor 40 is deenergized, whereby the positioning work of the X table 14 in the arrow X direction is achieved.

On the other hand, the tools T1 and T1 mounted on the first and second spindle units 34 and 36 are moved toward the respective processing parts of the work W by driving the second drive motor 48 (forward in the arrow Z direction). ) Moved. That is,
When the ball screw 50 is rotated under the action of the second drive motor 48, the column 54 is displaced in the arrow Z direction via the nut member 52, and the tools T1 and T1 move to the work W side.

Therefore, by selectively performing the above operations, the first and second spindle units 34, 36 are provided.
The tools T1 and T1 that are attached to and rotating on the workpiece W
The processing work is automatically performed on a predetermined processing part of.
After this machining operation is completed, the second drive motor 48 is driven in the opposite direction to the above direction, and the column 54 moves in the direction away from the work W to separate the tools T1 and T1 from the work W. Then, the work W after the machining is removed from the work mount 140, a new work W before machining is attached to the work mount 140, and the machining work for the work W is performed by performing the machining work described above. Is done.

By the way, when machining works of different kinds W, the automatic tool changing unit 120 is driven and the tools T1 and T1 mounted on the first and second spindle units 34 and 36 are different from each other. Work W
, For example, the tools T2 and T2 are replaced. That is, the tool magazine 132 is rotated by a predetermined angle under the driving action of the motor 134, and stopped at a position where the desired tools T2 and T2 held on the outer side thereof are arranged in the horizontal direction. On the other hand, the tool T1 mounted on the first and second spindle units 34 and 36 by driving the first and second servomotors 22 and 30 and vertically displacing the first and second lifting tables 24 and 32. , T1 corresponding to the tool gripping means 126 of the casing 122 that constitutes the automatic tool changing unit 120.

Then, the cylinder mechanisms 82 and 82a constituting the first and second spindle units 34 and 36 are driven, and the rods 76 and 76a are rotated by the springs 78 and 78a.
The tool holders 80, 8 are displaced forward against the elastic force of
0a is pushed to the front of the spindles 70, 70a to release the clamped state of the tools T1, T1. next,
Tool gripping means 124 mounted on the casing 122
The open / close arms 128a and 128b of the tool magazine 132
Gripping the tools T2 and T2 held by the gripping means 126, and the opening and closing arms 130a and 130b constituting the tool gripping means 126 grip the tools T1 and T1 mounted on the first and second spindle units 34 and 36. In this state, the casing 122 moves forward to move the tools T2, T2 and the tools T1, T1 to the tool magazine 132 and the first and second tools.
Take out from the spindle units 34 and 36.

Next, the casing 122 is rotated by 180 ° and then retracted, whereby the tool gripping means 124 is moved.
While the tools T2 and T2 held by the tool are displaced toward the first and second spindle units 34 and 36, the tools T1 and T1 held by the tool gripping means 126 move toward the tool magazine 132. Therefore, while the used tools T1 and T1 are stored in the tool magazine 132,
New tools T2, T2 are inserted into the tool holders 80, 80a of the first and second spindle units 34, 36. Further, when the cylinder mechanisms 82 and 82a are deenergized, the rod 7 is moved through the springs 78 and 78a.
The tools T2 and T2 are clamped to the spindles 70 and 70a integrally with the tool holders 80 and 80a. In this case, in this embodiment, the motor M is fixed to the first lifting table 24 through the drive shaft housing 84, and the rotary shaft 88 connected to the drive shaft 86 of the motor M has the first and second transmissions. The first and second spindle units 34, 36 are engaged via the mechanisms 37, 39. Therefore, when the first elevating table 24 moves up and down, the motor M moves integrally with the first elevating table 24 and transmits the rotational force to the first spindle unit 34 via the first transmission mechanism 37. You can

On the other hand, when the second elevating table 32 moves with respect to the first elevating table 24 under the driving action of the second servomotor 30, the first and second gear cases 96 constituting the second transmission mechanism 39 are formed. , 98 pivotally displace with their ends as fulcrums, and the rotational force of the motor M is transmitted via the gear train 100 to the spindle 70a of the second spindle unit 36.
Can be communicated to (see FIGS. 8a, b).

Therefore, when the first spindle unit 34 and the second spindle unit 36 are configured to be relatively movable, it is not necessary to connect a separate rotary drive source to each other as in the conventional case, and The first spindle unit 34 and the second spindle unit 36 can be easily and reliably rotationally driven by the single motor M. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the manufacturing cost of the entire machine tool 10, and it is possible to obtain an effect that weight saving is easily performed.

In this embodiment, the machine tool 10 having the two spindle units 34 and 36 has been described, but the same applies to a machine tool having three or more spindle units. In particular, when a plurality of spindle units are provided, the plurality of spindle units can be driven by a single rotary drive source, and the above effect becomes more remarkable.

[0035]

According to the compound machine tool of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

Under the action of the rotary drive source, the rotational force is transmitted to the first and second spindle units via the first and second transmission mechanisms, the respective spindles are rotated, and the first spindle unit is rotated. When the second spindle unit moves relatively, the first gear case and the second gear case forming the second transmission mechanism respectively swing to transmit the rotational force of the rotary drive source to the second spindle unit. You can Therefore, it becomes possible to reliably drive the relatively movable first and second spindle units with a single rotary drive source, and connect the dedicated rotary drive sources to the first and second spindle units, respectively. Cost reduction and weight reduction can be easily achieved as compared with the above.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a main part of a compound machine tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front explanatory view of the compound machine tool.

FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating a main part of the compound machine tool.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of the compound machine tool.

FIG. 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a first spindle unit and a transmission mechanism that form the compound machine tool.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional explanatory view of a second spindle unit and a power transmission mechanism that form the compound machine tool.

FIG. 7 is an internal perspective view of the transmission mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a rear explanatory view of the transmission mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 ... Multi-function machine tool 12 ... Base 14, 14a ... X table 16, 16a ... Device body 18 ... Front 22 ... Servo motor 24, 24a ... Lifting table 26 ... Front 30 ... Servo motor 32, 32a ... Lifting table 34, 34a , 36, 36a ... Spindle unit 37, 39 ... Transmission mechanism 54 ... Column 60, 60a ... Housing 66 ... Front face 68, 68a ... Housing 70, 70a ... Spindle 90 ... Drive gear

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first movable table, which is displaceably supported by an apparatus body, and a second movable table, which is relatively displaceable with respect to the first movable table.
A movable table, first and second spindle units fixed to the first and second movable tables, a rotary drive source fixed to the first movable table, and a rotary force of the rotary drive source A first transmission mechanism for transmitting to the first spindle unit; and a second transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotational force of the rotary drive source to the second spindle unit, wherein the second transmission mechanism includes the rotary drive. A first gear case whose one end side is swingably engaged with the drive shaft of the power source; one end side is swingably engaged with the second spindle unit; and the other end side is the other of the first gear case A second gear case that is swingably engaged with the end side; and a gear train that is housed in the first and second gear cases and that transmits the rotation of the drive shaft to the spindle of the second spindle unit. A machining center, wherein Rukoto. 2. The compound machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the second gear case is provided with brackets for supporting the first gear case from both sides of a swing center axis thereof.