JPH052890B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Industrial Application Field) The present invention fairly calculates the power to be shared by each indoor unit with respect to the total power consumption of the device in a multi-system air conditioner equipped with an inverter-driven variable operating capacity compressor. The present invention relates to a power usage integration device for an air conditioner. (Prior art) Conventionally, in high-rise buildings, etc., a single outdoor unit has been installed in a central room for air conditioners, and multiple indoor units have been installed in multiple rooms with different occupants. In order to fairly allocate electricity charges due to equipment operation, it is necessary to add up the electricity used in each room individually.If the calculation is made only from the operating hours of each indoor unit, the total electricity used at each time cannot be calculated. There is a problem that changes in the operating capacity of each indoor unit are not reflected. Regarding this problem, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 132219/1986
As proposed in the above issue, the operating capacity of the compressor installed in the air conditioner is detected based on the two-step state change of the room temperature thermostat of each indoor unit at periodic predetermined time intervals, and In addition to detecting the operating time of the compressor for each operating capacity and the operating time of other power consuming devices, a weighting coefficient based on the capacity difference of each power consuming device is stored in advance for each indoor unit. After integrating the operating hours and weighting factors of the compressor and power consuming equipment of each indoor unit and calculating the power ratio to be shared by each indoor unit, that is, the sharing ratio, the power consumption of the entire device is calculated proportionally according to each sharing ratio. Some methods attempt to calculate the power consumption of each indoor unit individually. (Problem to be Solved by the Invention) If the above proposal is used, the difference in capacity of the consumer equipment of each indoor unit and the difference in the coefficient of performance of the compressor can be fully reflected, and the You can know the fair and individual power usage of each indoor unit. However, if the compressor of the outdoor unit is of a variable operating capacity type that can be variably adjusted by changing the operating frequency of the inverter, the operating capacity of the compressor can be determined from the step status of the room temperature thermostat of each indoor unit. It is difficult to estimate accurately. Therefore, in such a case, the above proposal has a problem in that it is difficult to calculate the power consumption to be shared by each indoor unit with sufficient accuracy. The present invention has been made in view of the above, and its purpose is to detect the air conditioning load in each room based on the deviation between the set temperature in each room and the intake air temperature, and to use the air conditioning load to detect the air conditioning load. The objective is to accurately calculate the individual power consumption that should be shared among each indoor unit. (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the solving means of the present invention, as shown in FIG. Compressor 1 whose operating capacity is variably controlled
and indoor heat exchangers 10A to 10A to one outdoor unit
An air conditioner is assumed in which a plurality of indoor units A to F each having a built-in 10F are connected in parallel. Then, an operating state detecting means 31 detects when each indoor unit A to F is in operation, and receives the output of the operating state detecting means 31, and detects each indoor unit in the operating state at periodic predetermined times. Air conditioning load detection means 14A to 14F that detects the indoor air conditioning load according to the temperature deviation between the temperature of the intake air to the indoor heat exchangers 10A to 10F and the set temperature in A to F.
, a total power usage detection means 20 for detecting the power usage of the entire apparatus in the predetermined time period, and a storage means for storing in advance a weighting coefficient corresponding to the rated capacity of each of the indoor units A to F for each of the indoor units A to F. 2
1, and each indoor unit A to F that is in operation upon receiving the output of the air conditioning load detection means 14A to 14F.
a sharing ratio calculation means 32 for calculating the product of the air conditioning load and the weighting coefficient stored in the storage means 21 to produce an individual power sharing ratio for each of the indoor units A to F; and the total power consumption detection means 20. and an apportioning means 33 which receives the output of the sharing ratio calculating means 32, and calculates the individual power consumption of each of the indoor units A to F during the predetermined time period by proportioning the total power consumption according to the power sharing ratio of each of the indoor units A to F. The configuration is such that the (Function) With the above configuration, in the present invention, when the air conditioner is operating, the operating state detection means 31 detects when each of the indoor units A to F is operating at periodic predetermined time intervals, and the air conditioner air load detection means 14A
-14F, the air load in each room is detected based on the deviation between the temperature of the intake air to the indoor heat exchangers 10A-10F and the set temperature for each indoor unit A-F in the operating state. Then, the sharing ratio calculating means 32 calculates the product of the weighting coefficient corresponding to the rated capacity of each indoor unit A to F, which is stored in advance in the storage means 21, and the air conditioning load in each room. The power ratio to be shared by F, that is, the power sharing ratio is calculated, and the apportioning means 33 allocates the power consumption of the entire device at the predetermined time detected by the total power usage detection means 20 by the power sharing ratio. The total power used by the air conditioner during a predetermined period of time is distributed fairly to each of the indoor units A to F. Therefore, the power consumption of each indoor unit A to F can be calculated accurately. (Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the drawings of FIGS. 2 to 5. FIG. 2 shows the overall configuration of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, where X is a single outdoor unit, and A to
F is a plurality of indoor units (six units) each arranged in a different room, and the outdoor unit It is equipped with an outdoor heat exchanger 3 having a blower fan 3a, an electronic expansion valve 4 for heating, a receiver 5, and an accumulator 6, and each of the devices 1 to 6 is connected by a refrigerant pipe 12 so that refrigerant can flow therethrough. There is. Reference numeral 8 denotes an inverter whose operating frequency is variably adjusted, and the inverter 8 drives the operating capacity of the compressor 1 variably. Also, although indoor units A to F have different rated capacities, they have the same configuration.
Each of the devices 10A, 1 is equipped with an indoor heat exchanger 10A and an electronic expansion valve 11A for air conditioning.
1A are connected to each other by refrigerant piping 12 so that refrigerant can flow, and each of the indoor units A to F
are connected to the outdoor unit X by refrigerant piping 12 in parallel to each other so that refrigerant can be circulated to form a refrigerant circulation system. During cooling operation, the four-way selector valve 2 is switched as shown by the solid line to transfer the refrigerant to the direction indicated by the solid line arrow. By circulating as shown in the figure, each indoor heat exchanger 10A~
The amount of heat absorbed from the indoor air at 10F is radiated to the outside air by the outdoor heat exchanger 3 to cool the room, while during heating operation, the four-way selector valve 2 is switched as shown by the broken line to circulate the refrigerant as shown by the broken line arrow. Therefore, the amount of heat exchanged is reversed from the above. Furthermore, each indoor unit A has an indoor control unit 15A for controlling its operation.
is located. 14A is a room temperature thermostat disposed in the indoor control unit 15A for adjusting the indoor air conditioning temperature to a predetermined value; 16A is a room temperature thermostat disposed in the indoor control unit 15A;
A temperature sensor for detecting the intake air temperature T _R attached to the room temperature thermostat 1.
4A and temperature sensor 16A are signal connected to the indoor control unit 15A. Similarly, the other indoor units B to F include indoor control units 15B to 15F, room temperature thermostats 14B to 14F, and temperature sensors 16B.
~16F are provided respectively. Here, the room temperature thermostats 14A to 14 are
As shown in Fig. 4, in F, the temperature deviation ΔT (ΔT) ≧ 0 between the set temperature T _S and the intake air temperature T _R , ΔT = T _R − T _S during cooling operation, and ΔT = during heating operation.
Thermostamps are assigned to multiple stages (for example, 10 stages for ΔT in the range of 0 to 2°C) depending on the temperature (T _S −T _R ). Each stage of this thermostep represents the air conditioning load R in each room, and as described later, the indoor heat exchanger 10 of each indoor unit A to F is
At A to 10F, the opening degrees of the electronic expansion valves 11A to 11F are controlled according to the air conditioning load R, and the capacity of the compressor 1 of the outdoor unit X is also controlled. It corresponds to the ratio of the operating capacity to the rated capacity of A to F, that is, the capacity ratio. In other words, as shown in Figure 4, the thermostep 0 to 10 corresponds to the capacity ratio of 50 to 10.
It corresponds to the value obtained by equally dividing 100% into 10 steps.
Then, the air conditioning load R in each room corresponds to the value of this capacity ratio, with the maximum load being 10, and the range from 5 to 10 being 10.
Values divided into stages, that is, 5, 5.5, 5, ...,
9.5, 10. In FIG. 4, thermosteps 11 and above are steps that are used only when the outdoor unit X has sufficient capacity. When the air conditioner is in operation, the room temperature thermostat 14 is turned on in each indoor unit A to F.
At A to 14F, the air conditioning load R in each room is assigned based on the temperature deviation ΔT between the intake air temperature T _R detected by the temperature sensors 16A to 16F and the set temperature T _S , and the air conditioning load R in each room is assigned. , adjusts the opening degree of each electronic expansion valve 11A to 11F to continuously control the air conditioning capacity of indoor heat exchangers 10A to 10F, while in outdoor unit X, each indoor unit A to F
The inverter 8 controls the compressor 1 so that the intake gas pressure is constant during cooling operation and the discharge gas pressure is constant during heating operation, depending on the air conditioning load
It is designed to control the operating capacity of the Next, FIG. 3 schematically shows a signal circuit of a power usage integration device for measuring the power usage of each of the indoor units A to F, and 15X represents each of the indoor control units 15A to 15F. This is an outdoor control unit that is connected so that signals can be sent and received. Inside the outdoor control unit 15X, the operation of the entire air conditioner is controlled, and each of the indoor control units 15A to 1 is provided.
This is a central processing circuit that receives the output from 5F and calculates the power consumption of each indoor unit A to F individually.
A CPU 18, an integrated wattmeter 20 with a pulse transmitter as a total power detection means that detects the power consumption W of the entire device at predetermined intervals, and each indoor unit A~
For example, the rated capacity of each indoor unit A to F is 5, 1.6, 2,
In the case of 2.5, 5, 2.5HP, the capacity ratio is 100, 32, 40, 50, 100, with the maximum rated capacity as 100.
A storage device 21 as a storage means for storing 50 in advance as a weighting coefficient ω is arranged, and the integrating wattmeter 20 and the storage device 21 each have the above-described weighting coefficient ω.
It is connected to the CPU 18 so that signals can be sent and received. Next, the control for calculating the individual power consumption of each indoor unit A to F, which is performed by the CPU 18 at a constant sampling period, will be explained based on the flowchart shown in _FIG . Initialize the numbers of each indoor unit A to F, which correspond to the numbers n from 1 to 6, and replace n=n+1 in step _S2 , and execute the control sequentially from indoor unit A as follows. do. That is, in step _S3 , it is determined from the connection state of the relays of each indoor control unit A to F whether or not the indoor unit A to F corresponding to the number n is in operation, and if YES that it is in operation, the process proceeds to step S In _{step 4} , input the value of the intake air temperature T _R from the signals of the temperature sensors 16A to 16F, and further, in step _S5 ,
The air conditioning load R corresponding to the temperature deviation ΔT between the suction air temperature T _R and the set temperature T _S is determined by the above temperature thermostat 1.
Assigned as thermosteps 4A to 14F. Next, in step _S6 , the product of the air conditioning load R and the weighting coefficient ω of each of the indoor units A to F, which is stored in advance in the storage device 21, is calculated to divide the power for each of the indoor units A to F. Ratio P (P=R×
ω) is calculated. On the other hand, if the determination result in step _S2 is NO that indoor units A to F are not in operation, the process moves to step _S7 and the sharing ratio P is determined.
= 0. Then, in step _S8 , the sharing ratios P _A to R _{F of each indoor unit A to F} calculated above are stored in the outdoor control unit 15X.
Store it in RAM (not shown) and use it as a step.
In _S9 , it is determined whether steps _S2 to _S8 above have been performed for all indoor units A to F, and the sharing ratio P _A for all indoor units A to F is determined.
When the calculation of ~P _F is completed, the process proceeds to step _S10 . Then, in step _S10 , the integrated power meter 2
The total power consumption W of the entire device during the sampling period is detected from 0, and in step _S11 , this total power consumption W is calculated as the sharing ratio P _A to P F of each indoor unit A to _F.
Each indoor unit A at a predetermined time
~F individual power consumption W _A ~ W _F is calculated. Here, the power consumption W _A of indoor unit A is expressed as W _A = W・P _A / (P _A + P _B +...+P _F ), and similarly the power consumption W of each of the other indoor units B to F is _B to W _F are calculated as follows: W _B =W·P _B /(P _A +P _B +...+P _F )...W _F =W·P _F /(P _A +P _B +...+P _F ). The table below shows each indoor unit A calculated by the above control procedure during one sampling.
~F power sharing ratio P _A ~P _F and individual power usage
W _A to W _F (represented by Z in the table), and the weighting coefficients ω _A to ω F of each indoor unit A to _F are respectively
100, 32, 40, 50, 100, and 50, the air conditioning loads R _A to R _F indicated by the thermosteps at the above sampling time of each indoor unit A to F are 7, 5, 9, and 50, respectively. 9, 8, 7,
This is the data at the time of 7.

[Table] After calculating the power consumption W _A to W _F for each indoor unit A to F from the above, proceed to step _S12 .
The power consumption W _A to W _F is integrated for each indoor unit A to F at each sampling, and the control is completed. In the above flow, step _S5 configures the operating state detection means 31 that detects when each indoor unit A to F is operating, and step _S6 configures the room temperature thermostat (air conditioning load detection means).
14A to 14F, and calculates the product of the air conditioning load R and the weighting coefficient ω for each of the indoor units A to F in operation according to the stored contents of the storage device (storage means) 21, and calculates the product of the air conditioning load R and the weighting coefficient ω for each indoor unit. A~
A sharing ratio calculation means 32 is configured to calculate _{the F} individual power sharing ratios P _A to PF. Further, in step _S11 , the outputs of the integrating wattmeter (total power consumption detection means) 21 and the sharing ratio calculation means 32 are received, and the total power consumption is calculated as the power sharing ratios P _A to P F of the indoor units A to _F. An apportioning means 33 is configured to calculate the power consumption W _A to W _F for each of the indoor units A to F during the predetermined time by apportioning the power consumption. Therefore, in the above embodiment, the room temperature thermostats 14A to 14F of each indoor unit A to F,
The thermosteps are assigned in multiple stages corresponding to the temperature deviation ΔT between the intake air temperature T _O and the set temperature T _R , and the air conditioning load in each room is calculated from this thermostep stage.
In addition to finding R _A ~ R _F , each indoor unit A
Weighting coefficient ω _A ~ ω _F as the capacity ratio of the rated capacity of ~F
are stored in the storage device 21 in advance, and the power sharing ratios P _A to _P F of each indoor unit A to _F are calculated from the product of the weighting coefficients ω _A to ω _F and the air conditioning loads R A to R _F. Therefore, this power sharing ratio P _A to P _F is exactly the total power consumption W of the indoor units A to F.
It represents the ratio of the power consumption of each indoor unit A to F to that of each indoor unit. Then, the total power consumption W is divided proportionally by the power sharing ratio P _A to P _F of each indoor unit A to F to produce the individual power consumption W _A to W _F. Even if the operating capacity is changed variably, the total power consumption W of the entire system at that time is fairly distributed to each of the indoor units A to F. Therefore, it is possible to accurately calculate the individual power consumption to be shared among each indoor unit. Note that in the above embodiment, the power consumption W _A to W _F is calculated individually for each indoor unit A to F, but for example, when two indoor units A and B belong to one tenant, It goes without saying that a system may be used that aggregates data for each tenant. Further, in the above embodiment, the greenhouse thermostat 1
Although we have explained the case where proportional control is performed for the thermosteps of 4A to 14F, for example, when control is performed such that the temperature deviation ΔT between the set temperature T _S and the suction air temperature T _R becomes zero by PI control, By adopting a virtual set temperature T' _S corresponding to the set temperature T _S during the proportional control and replacing it with the above embodiment, the same effect can be achieved. (Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the power consumption integration device for an air conditioner of the present invention, in a multi-type air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor units are connected in parallel to one outdoor unit, The air conditioning load in each room at a given time was detected from the temperature deviation between the air temperature and the set temperature, and the power sharing ratio for each indoor unit was calculated from the product of this air conditioning load and the weighting coefficient based on the rated capacity of each indoor unit. After that, since the total power consumption is divided proportionally based on the power sharing ratio, it is possible to accurately calculate the power consumption to be shared by each indoor unit.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the present invention. Figures 2 to 5 show embodiments of the present invention, with Figure 2 being a refrigerant piping system diagram, Figure 3 being a block diagram showing electrical signal paths, and Figure 4 being the thermostep assignment characteristics of a room temperature thermostat. 5 are flowcharts showing control for calculating individual power consumption. 1...Compressor, 3...Outdoor heat exchanger, 8...Inverter, 10A to 10F...Indoor heat exchanger, 1
4A to 14F... Room temperature thermostat (air conditioning load detection means), 20... Integrating wattmeter (total power usage detection means), 21... Storage device (storage means), 31...
...Operating state detection means, 32... Sharing ratio calculation means,
33... Apportionment means, X... Outdoor unit, A to F
...Indoor unit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An inverter 8 whose operating frequency is adjustable, a compressor 1 whose operating capacity is variably controlled by adjusting the operating frequency of the inverter 8, and an outdoor heat exchanger 3.
In an air conditioner in which a plurality of indoor units A to F each having a built-in indoor heat exchanger 10A to 10F are connected in parallel to one outdoor unit X built in a Operating state detection means 31 for detecting when it is operating
In response to the output of the operating state detection means 31, the temperature of the intake air to the indoor heat exchangers 10A to 10F in each of the indoor units A to F in the operating state is determined at periodic predetermined time intervals and the set temperature. Air conditioning load detection means 14 that detects the indoor air conditioning load according to the deviation
A to 14F, and a total power usage detection means 20 that detects the power usage of the entire device during the predetermined time period;
A storage means 21 that stores in advance a weighting coefficient corresponding to the rated capacity of each of the indoor units A to F, and an air conditioning load detection means 14A to
14F, the product of the air conditioning load and the weighting coefficient stored in the storage means 21 is calculated for each of the indoor units A to F in operation to determine the individual power sharing ratio for each of the indoor units A to F. A sharing ratio calculating means 32 for calculating, and the total power consumption detecting means 2
0 and the output of the sharing ratio calculating means 32, the total power consumption is divided proportionally by the power sharing ratio of each indoor unit A to F, and the total power consumption is calculated by each indoor unit A to F at the predetermined time.
1. A power usage integration device for an air conditioner, comprising: apportioning means 33 for calculating individual power usage.