JPH0529083Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Purpose of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a pulverizer used for pulverizing pieces of wood, plastic, etc.

(Prior art) In general, materials such as wood chips and plastic chips are cut into thin pieces or small pieces to be used as fuel.
Some crushing machines are provided with an opening for supplying material in the upper part of the base and a cutting means for crushing the material in the base below the opening. The cutting means includes, for example, a cutting blade 103 installed in the recess 102 of the rotary drum 101 so as to extend over its entire length, as shown in FIG. It consists of a single fixed blade 104 fixed at a position corresponding to the blade 103, and the material 100 is cut by their cooperation.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, when cutting the material 100, the cutting blade 103 cuts the material 1 in the length direction of the drum 101.
Since the entire 00 is cut at the same time, the contact area between the cutting blade 103 and the material 100 is large, and the rotating drum 1
Rotation of 01 requires considerable driving force. Therefore, the motor for driving the rotating drum 101 must be increased in size, which in turn increases manufacturing costs. Another problem is that the noise during cutting is large. Furthermore, even if a portion of the cutting blade 103 or the fixed blade 104 is damaged, the entirety must be replaced, which is uneconomical.

The present invention was developed to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to eliminate the need for large driving force to rotate the rotating drum, reduce noise during material crushing, and eliminate the need for replacing cutting blades. Our objective is to provide an economical crusher.

Structure of the invention (Means for solving the problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a spiral structure on the outer circumferential surface of a rotating drum that can be actively rotated by a drive source such as a geared motor attached to the machine frame. A supporting plate is fixed to the machine frame so as to face the rotating drum. A fixed blade is arranged on the end face facing the rotating drum, and a pressing member is movably arranged on the support plate, and the pressing member is connected to the pressing member via a piston rod, and the piston rod is moved by the operation of a hydraulic mechanism. A pressing means is constituted by a cylinder or the like that moves back and forth to press the material toward the rotating drum through the pressing member, and is further controlled to stop pressing when the pressing force of the cylinder exceeds a predetermined pressure. The main point is that a control means is provided.

(Function) By adopting the above-mentioned structure, the present invention allows the material placed on the support plate to be pressed against the rotating drum by a predetermined pressing force by the pressing means, and to be distributed on the rotating drum as the rotating drum rotates. The material is partially successively cut or crushed by the plurality of cutting blades provided and the fixed blade of the support plate, and the pressing means that presses the material stops pressing the material when the pressing force exceeds a predetermined pressure. cancel.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a geared motor 4 as a drive source is disposed on the bottom wall 3 of a square box-shaped machine frame 2 having a protrusion 1 on the right side. A support plate 7 is fixed between the front and rear walls 5 and 6 so as to extend from the protrusion 1 to about three-fourths of the width in the left-right direction of the machine frame 2 and to face a rotating drum 27, which will be described in detail later. . As shown in FIG. 2, the front and rear walls 5 of the machine frame 2,
6, a pair of guide grooves 8 are formed above the support plate 7 and extend by a length approximately corresponding to that of the support plate 7, and a support member 9 is formed below the guide grooves 8 on the outside of the front and rear walls 5, 6. A plurality of guide members 10 having rollers 15 on their upper parts are mounted at predetermined intervals. Note that the guide groove 8, the support member 9, and the guide member 10 are covered from the outside with a cover 10a.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, on the support plate 7 is a pressing member 11 in the shape of a square box with openings on the right side and the bottom.
is located. The pressing member 11 has a size slightly less than half the size of the support plate 7 in a plane, and engagement plates 14 are fixed to the front and rear walls 12 and 13, respectively, and extend over almost the entire length of the walls 12 and 13. has been done. Both engagement plates 14 pass through the guide groove 8, and their lower surfaces are connected to the rollers 15 of the guide member 10.
The pressing member 11 is supported by both engagement plates 14 in a state slightly spaced apart from the upper surface of the support plate 7, and is moved horizontally on the support plate 7 through the engagement between the engagement plates 14 and the rollers 15. It is now movable.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a hydraulic cylinder 16 extending in the left-right direction is fixed on the left end of the support plate 7 via a support 17 attached to the widthwise center of the support plate 7. . The tip of the piston rod 18 of the hydraulic cylinder 16 is fixed to the center of the inner surface of the left side wall 11a of the pressing member 11 via a mounting member 19. This hydraulic cylinder 16 and the pressing member 11 constitute the pressing means of this embodiment, and the By operating the hydraulic cylinder 16 via a hydraulic mechanism 20 as a control means disposed below the protrusion 1, the piston rod 18 is retracted into the hydraulic cylinder 16 or projected out of the hydraulic cylinder 16. . Note that the piston rod 18
is completely immersed in the hydraulic cylinder 16 before the crushing operation.

The hydraulic cylinder 16 is provided with a pressure sensor (not shown), and when the pressing member 11 presses the material 100 toward the cutting means in response to the protrusion of the piston rod 18 as the hydraulic cylinder 16 is driven,
When the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 16 reaches a predetermined value or more, a signal is output to the hydraulic mechanism 20 to retract the piston rod 18 and stop pressing. On the other hand, the support body 17 is provided with a limit switch (not shown), and the piston rod 1
8 is completely recessed into the hydraulic cylinder 16, it engages with a mounting member 19 at the tip of the piston rod 18, outputs a signal to the hydraulic mechanism 20, and causes the piston rod 18 to protrude again. The hydraulic control mechanism described above can be appropriately selected from mechanisms that have been widely used in the past, so the details thereof will be omitted.

Note that the material 100 shown in FIG. 3 is placed on the top of the machine frame 2.
A hopper 22 having an input port 21 is provided, and an inclined plate 23 is fixedly provided at the lower left end of the hopper 22 and extends toward the support plate 7 at an angle of about two-thirds. In addition, the front and rear walls 5 and 6 on the right side of the machine frame 2
There is a partition wall 24 extending from the upper left end of the protrusion 1 to the upper surface of the pressing member 11 so as to leave a slight gap therebetween.
is fixed. Then, a hopper 2 is provided at a portion surrounded by the inclined plate 23, the front and rear walls 5, 6, and the partition wall 24.
A storage chamber 25 is formed for storing materials 100 such as wood chips introduced from 2.

On the left side of the support plate 7, the front and rear walls 5, 6 of the machine frame 2
A rotary drum 27 extending in the front-rear direction and rotatable via a driven shaft 26 driven by the geared motor 4 is attached between the support plate 7 and the rotary drum 27.
A portion thereof is exposed through a cut hole 28 formed between the lower end of the inclined plate 23 and the left end surface of the support plate 7. A support groove 29 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rotating drum 27 and extends continuously from the rear end to the front end in a spiral manner. are welded on two adjacent sides. In this embodiment, the fixing members 30 are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees from each other in the circumferential direction of the rotating drum 27, as shown in FIG. A hexagon socket bolt 3 is attached to the fixing member 30.
A bolt hole (not shown) for insertion through the fixing member 30 penetrates in the thickness direction thereof, and has a shape substantially the same as that of the fixing member 30 on the distal end surface of the fixing member 30 in the rotational direction of the rotating drum 27, and the distal end of the bolt 31 A cutting blade 33 having a screw hole (not shown) into which the cutting blade 33 is screwed is removably attached via a bolt 31.

A fixed blade 34 having a sawtooth shape is provided on the end surface of the support plate 7 facing the rotating drum 27, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The blade surface 34a formed between two adjacent fixed blades 34 is the cutting blade 3
The cutting blade 33 has almost the same planar shape as No. 3, and as the rotating drum 27 rotates, the cutting blade 33 is adjacent to No. 2.
When passing between the fixed blades 34, the double blades 33, 3
4, the material 100 is partially successively cut only in the portions corresponding to the blade surfaces 34a between the fixed blades 34.

A roller chain 38 is hung between a sprocket 35 attached to the rear end of the driven shaft 26 of the rotating drum 27 and a sprocket 37 attached to the rear end of the rotating shaft 36 of the geared motor 4.
As the geared motor 4 rotates in the direction indicated by arrow 201 in FIG. 1, the rotating drum 27 also rotates in the direction indicated by arrow 202 in FIG.

Note that the formation position of the support groove 29 and the welding position of the fixing member 30 are determined so that the cutting blade 33 passes between two adjacent fixed blades 34 without colliding with them as the cutting blade 33 rotates.

A screen 40 having a large number of holes 39 is attached to the left of the cutting hole 28 between the inclined plate 23 and the tip of the support plate 7 so as to surround the outer periphery of the rotating drum 27 without coming into contact with the cutting blade 33. ,
The material 100 cut and crushed by the double blades 33 and 34 passes through the hole 39 of the screen 40 and falls into a housing member 41 which is provided below the screen 40 and has a substantially V-shaped cross section. At the bottom of the housing member 41, the front and rear walls 5, 6 of the machine frame 2
In between, a screw conveyor 42 is installed with a slight distance from the upper surface of the housing member 41. The screw conveyor 42 is rotated in the direction shown by an arrow 203 in FIG. 1 via a rotating shaft 43 by a geared motor (not shown), and the crushed material falls into the storage member 41 as the screw conveyor 42 rotates. 100 is transferred forward and the machine frame 2
It is designed to be carried out to the outside of the machine frame 2 through a discharge port 46 shown in FIG. 1 provided in the front wall 5.

The operation of the crusher configured as described above will be explained below.

First, the geared motor 4 is driven to rotate the rotary drum 27, and the geared motor is also driven to rotate the screw conveyor 42, and the material 100 is charged into the storage chamber 25 from the input port 21 of the hopper 22. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 16 is actuated via the hydraulic mechanism 20 to cause the retracted piston rod 18 to protrude, and the pressing member 1
1, the material 100 is moved toward the rotating drum 27, and the left end of the material 100 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 202 as shown in FIGS.
Press and force against. Then, the rotating drum 27
As the cutting blade 33 rotates, each time one cutting blade 33 contacts the material 100 and passes between two adjacent fixed blades 34, the material 100 is cut by the cooperation of the cutting blade 33 and the fixed blade 34. On the left end surface, only portions corresponding to the blade surfaces 34a between the fixed blades 34 are sequentially cut and crushed. At this time, hydraulic cylinder 1
Since the piston rod 18 of No. 6 maintains its protruding state and the pressing member 11 continues to press the material 100, the material 100 is moved toward the rotary drum 27 by the amount reduced by cutting.

By the way, the pressing of the material 100 against the rotating drum 27 progresses, and the cutting blade 33 that is cutting the material 100
If an excessive load is applied to the material, the cutting operation may not be carried out smoothly. However, in this embodiment, when the internal pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 16 that presses the material 100 rises above a predetermined value, the pressure sensor outputs a signal to the hydraulic mechanism 20, and the piston rod 18 starts retracting.
Pressing of the material 100 by the pressing member 11 is stopped. Further, when the piston rod 18 is completely retracted, a signal is output from the limit switch to the hydraulic mechanism 20, the piston rod 18 starts to protrude again, and the pressing member 11 resumes pressing the material 100. Then, this series of steps is repeated to completely cut and crush the material 100.

The material 100 pulverized in the above-described process falls into the storage member 41 through the holes 39 of the screen 40 and is discharged to the outside of the machine frame 2 by the screw conveyor 42.

In the above-mentioned crusher, one cutting blade 33
As described above, the amount of material 100 that is cut is only the portion corresponding to the blade surface 34a between two adjacent fixed blades 34. Therefore, the rotating drum 27 supporting the cutting blade 33 does not require much driving force to rotate, the geared motor 4 can be downsized, and the manufacturing cost of the entire crusher can be reduced. Further, noise during crushing work can also be reduced. Furthermore, even if one of the cutting blades 33 is damaged, for example, it is only necessary to replace that cutting blade 33, which is economical.

Also, during the crushing operation, the material 100 is transferred to the rotating drum 2.
Since a pressing means is provided to press and urge the rotating drum 7, and the pressing means does not excessively press the material 100 against the rotating drum 27, the cutting operation is always performed smoothly.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and within the scope of the invention,
For example, the cutting blade 33 on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 27
Of course, changes such as changing the mutual arrangement of the two are possible.

Effects of the invention As detailed above, in the present invention, a large driving force is not required to rotate the rotating drum, there is little noise during material crushing, and furthermore, the pressing means stops pressing when the pressing force exceeds a predetermined pressure. Since the cutting process is stopped, the work can be done smoothly and breakage of the cutting blade can be prevented, and even if breakage occurs, only that part needs to be replaced, which is particularly economical.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of the main parts showing the entire crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of the same, Fig. 3 is a cutaway plan view of the main parts, and Fig. 4 is a cutting blade and fixed blade. 5 is a front view showing the mounting position of the cutting blade, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the conventional cutting means. Support plate...7, Rotating drum...27, Groove...2
9. Cutting blade...33, Fixed blade...34.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A spiral groove 29 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 27, which can be actively rotated by a drive source such as a geared motor 4 attached to the machine frame 2, and a plurality of grooves are arranged at predetermined intervals within the groove 29. A support plate 7 is fixed to the machine frame 2 so as to face the rotary drum 27, and a cutting blade 33 is removably attached to each of the fixed members 30.
A fixed blade 34 is disposed on the end face facing the rotating drum 27, and a pressing member 11 is movably disposed on the support plate 7. Mechanism 2
A pressing means is constituted by a cylinder 16 and the like which moves the piston rod 18 back and forth by the operation of 0 and presses the material 100 toward the rotating drum 27 via the pressing member 11.
A crusher characterized in that a control means 20 is provided for controlling the pressing force so as to stop the pressing force when the pressing force exceeds a predetermined pressure.