JPH05313657A - Tuning unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately tune a musical instrument in a short time by the tuning unit. CONSTITUTION:A computer 30 outputs a reference pitch (master tuning data) and cent values (pich bend data) by keys to the tuning unit 10. A piano 20 can output MIDI data and outputs data on the pitch of a pressed key as key number data to the tuning unit 10. The tuning unit 10 judges the pitch of the pressed key from the key number data and calculates the reference frequency of the key. Then, the tuning unit 10 displays whether or not this reference frequency is equal to the frequency of a piano sound detected by a microphone 50. Even if the piano sound greatly deviates in pitch, the tuned pitch is not misrecognized, so the tuning is accurately performed in a short time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tuning device, and calculates a reference frequency of a musical instrument sound by automatically recognizing the pitch of the musical instrument sound based on MIDI data output from the musical instrument.
The present invention relates to a tuner that displays the difference between the frequency of a musical instrument sound and the reference frequency.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A tuning device is used when tuning a musical instrument, and has a function of determining whether a sound emitted from the musical instrument has an accurate pitch. A conventional tuner is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 51-46314.
After the key number or note name of the piano to be tuned is set by the tuner or the like, it is determined whether or not the pitch of the piano tone detected by the microphone or the like is accurate.
That is, the tuning device displays the pitch deviation of the piano sound by detecting the difference between the reference frequency corresponding to the set note name and the frequency of the piano sound. The tuner and the like tuned the piano by adjusting the tension of the strings of the piano while watching this display.

However, in such a tuning machine, it is necessary to input the key number, the note name, the octave, etc. of the key for each key to be tuned into the tuning machine, which requires complicated work. Therefore, in order to avoid such a complicated work, a tuner as shown in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 56-99590 was devised. This tuning device has a function of detecting a sound produced by a piano or the like by a microphone and automatically recognizing a note name of a tapped key. The tuner oscillates a reference frequency corresponding to the automatically recognized note name, and displays the deviation between the frequency and the frequency of the sound emitted from the piano.

[0004]

However, in such a conventional tuning device, a note name may be erroneously recognized when the pitch emitted from a piano or the like is greatly deviated. For example, when the pitch of the C key is greatly shifted and the pitch is close to Cis, the tuning device mistakenly recognizes the note name of the tapped key as Cis. Therefore, there is a problem that accurate tuning cannot be performed. Further, in the lowest note of the piano, the level of the fundamental wave is lower than the level of the harmonic, so that the tuner may erroneously recognize a pitch name having a higher octave by detecting the harmonic. Furthermore, in order to perform such automatic recognition, a complicated configuration such as a PLL circuit is required, and it takes time for such a circuit to automatically recognize a note name, which hinders performing tuning in a short time. There was also the problem of becoming.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, according to the present invention, a tuning device detects data representing a key number contained in MIDI data or the like output from an automatic piano or the like, and determines the key number of a key that is tapped. The purpose is to tune an instrument quickly and accurately.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tuning device for a musical instrument which emits a musical instrument sound having a frequency corresponding to an operated musical instrument operator and outputs a signal corresponding to the musical instrument operator. Input means for inputting the signal of
A reference frequency determining means for determining a reference frequency based on a signal input by the input means, a musical instrument sound detecting means for detecting the frequency of the musical instrument sound, and a frequency of the musical instrument sound detected by the musical instrument sound detecting means and the reference frequency. And an output unit that outputs a signal indicating the difference.

[0007]

In the tuner according to the first aspect of the invention,
When a tuner or the like operates a musical instrument operator (piano key or the like), a signal corresponding to the operator (for example, note number data of MIDI data) is output from the musical instrument. This signal is input to the input means. The reference frequency determining means of the tuner determines the reference frequency based on the signal input by the input means. The musical instrument sound detecting means detects the musical instrument sound emitted from the musical instrument by operating the musical instrument operator. Then, the output means displays the difference between the detected instrument sound frequency and the reference frequency. A tuner or the like tunes an instrument while looking at this display to tune.

As described above, in the present tuner, the reference frequency is determined directly based on the signal corresponding to the musical instrument operator. Therefore, even if the pitch of the musical instrument sound is greatly deviated, the present tuning device does not erroneously determine the pitch, so that the reference frequency can be determined accurately and in a short time. That is, with the present tuning device, tuning can be performed accurately and in a short time.

[0009]

Embodiments of the tuner according to the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 is an external view of a tuner or the like according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the piano 20 has a function of detecting a key pressed, a hammer speed, etc., and outputting MIDI data. The MIDI data is an international standard in which performance information such as note name (note number) and volume is represented by digital data. The MIDI data output from the piano 20 is input to the tuner 10 as serial data.

The tuner 10 receives not only MIDI data but also an audio signal output from the microphone 50. The microphone 50 is arranged near the piano 20 and detects a piano sound emitted from the piano 20. The tuner 10 has a function of determining which key is pressed on the piano 20 based on the MIDI data and displaying the difference between the reference frequency corresponding to this key and the detected frequency of the piano sound.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of the tuner 10. The tuner 10 displays a filter amplifier that filters a piano sound signal output from the microphone 50, an oscillator 14 that oscillates a reference frequency, and the difference between the reference frequency and the frequency of the piano sound that is filled. The display circuit 13 and the microcomputer 11 that controls these operations are included.

The microcomputer 11 includes a CPU and RO
M, RAM, CTC (counter timer controller),
It is equipped with SIO (serial data input / output), PIO (parallel data input / output) and the like. This microcomputer may be a so-called one-chip type.

MIDI data is input to the SIO in the microcomputer 11 via the photocoupler 15. As mentioned above, this MIDI data is for Piano 2
It is output from 0. Microcomputer 1
Reference numeral 1 is for determining the pitch of a key tapped on the piano 20 based on MIDI data, and calculating a reference frequency corresponding to this pitch. The switch 16 sets the operating conditions of the tuner 10 as a whole, and is input to the PIO of the microcomputer 11.

The signal of the piano sound output from the microphone 50 is a microphone amplifier 121 in the filter amplifier 12.
Has been entered in. The microphone amplifier 121 amplifies a piano sound signal output from the microphone 50. The FETs 122 to 125 and the OP amplifier 126 constitute a switched capacitor type low pass filter. This low-pass filter removes the harmonic component and extracts only the fundamental component from the audio signal detected by the microphone 50. FET122 ~ 1
The pulse output from the CTC of the microcomputer 11 is input to 25. The FETs 122 to 125 are turned on for a predetermined time according to the duty ratio of this pulse. The time constant of the low-pass filter can be arbitrarily changed by changing the on-state time. That is, the cutoff frequency of the filter amplifier 12 can be changed to any value by the instruction of the microcomputer 11.

Since the cutoff frequency of the filter amplifier 12 can be changed for each key of the piano 20, only the fundamental wave of the audio signal can be extracted even if any key is pressed in the piano 20. The signal output from the OP amplifier 126 is input to the transistor 127. The transistor 127 operates as an open collector, and the LED in the display circuit 13
It has the function of controlling the current flowing through 134.

The D / A converter 17 outputs a predetermined voltage based on the data from the PIO in the microcomputer 11. The D / A converter 17 outputs a voltage corresponding to the reference frequency.
The oscillator 14 is a voltage-controlled oscillator and oscillates at a predetermined frequency according to the voltage output from the D / A converter 17. That is, the microcomputer 1
The oscillator 14 oscillates at the same frequency as the reference frequency calculated by 1.

The counter decoder 131 counts the pulses output from the oscillator 14 and sequentially turns on any one of the transistors 133. In FIG. 2, the transistor 133 on the left side is turned from ON to OFF, and at the same time, the transistor 133 on the right side of the transistor 133 is turned ON. Similarly, the other transistor 133 repeats the on / off state, and the transistor on the right end changes from the on state to the off state, and at the same time, the transistor 133 on the left end turns on.

The emitter of each transistor 133 is LE
The anode of D134 is connected, and the cathode of each LED 134 is connected to the collector of the transistor 129. The transistor 129 repeats on / off operation depending on the frequency of the fundamental wave of the piano sound. Therefore, when the transistor 129 is turned on, a current flows only to one of the transistors 133 which is on, and the LED 134 connected to the transistor 133 is turned on. When the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 14 and the switching frequency of the transistor 129 (the frequency of the fundamental wave of the piano sound) are deviated, the LEDs 134 are sequentially turned on so as to flow. When the two frequencies match, it looks as if the lighting of the LED 134 has stopped. Therefore, the tuner can perform accurate tuning by tuning the piano 20 while looking at the LED 134.

Next, the tuning operation and the like in this tuning device will be described with reference to the flow charts of FIGS.

First, the tuner operates the switch 16 to input the frequency of the reference sound "A" to the tuner 10 (step S301). For example, the sound "A" is often set to 442 Hz in concert tuning. This frequency is set in the tuner 10 as master tune data. In the tuner 10, the microcomputer 11 reads the master tune data and calculates the reference pitch (step S302).

Next, the tuner operates the switch 16 to input the cent value in each key of the piano 20 to the tuner 10 (step S303). The cent value thus input is set in the tuner 10 as pitch bend data. In the tuner 10, the microcomputer 1
1 calculates the cent value data of the pitch of each key based on the pitch bend data, and calculates these cent value data as RA.
Write to M (step S304). This operation is continued until the cent values of all the keys are input (step S305).

The tuner tunes the piano 20. Tuning processing is performed (step S306). That is, the tuner first taps an arbitrary key of the piano 20. Then, from the piano 20, the key number data representing the note name of the pressed key is recorded as a part of the MIDI data in the tuner 10.
Is output to. In the tuner 10, the microcomputer 11 recognizes the pitch of the key tapped based on the key number data (step S401). Then, the microcomputer 11 stores the key number data and the RAM already.
Based on the cent value data and the reference pitch data written in, the reference frequency of the key pressed is calculated (step S402). The data based on this reference frequency is output to the D / A converter 17, and the signal of the reference frequency is output from the oscillator 14 (step S40).
4).

On the other hand, the microphone 50 detects a piano sound emitted from the piano 20 and outputs a voice signal to the filter amplifier 12. At this time, the cutoff frequency of the filter amplifier 12 is set to the frequency of the fundamental wave of the piano sound in the key pressed (step S403).
Therefore, the fundamental wave component of the piano sound is output from the OP amplifier 126, and the transistor 129 switches at the frequency of this fundamental wave. On the other hand, the transistor 133 of the display circuit 13 is sequentially switching according to the reference frequency. As described above, when the frequency of the fundamental wave of the piano sound is deviated from the reference frequency, the LED 134 is lit so as to flow, and when they match, LED1
It looks as if the lighting of 34 has stopped. Therefore, the tuner can tune the pitch accurately by tuning the piano 20 while looking at this display.

Then, when tuning with another key is performed, steps S401 to S404 are repeated. Tuner 10
Automatically determines the typed key, so that the tuner can arbitrarily select the key to be tuned. Therefore, it is not always necessary to tune in order from the bass side.
In this way, tuning for all keys is completed.

Therefore, in the tuning device according to the present embodiment, the pitch of the tapped key is determined by decoding the MIDI data output from the piano 20, regardless of the piano sound emitted from the piano 20. is doing. Therefore, even if the pitch of the tuned piano sound is greatly deviated, it is possible to accurately determine the pitch of the key that is tapped. Even when the low-pitched key is tapped, the pitch can be accurately determined even if the level of the fundamental wave of the piano sound is lower than the level of the harmonic wave.

Further, since the MIDI data decoder can be executed in a short time, it is possible to judge the pitch of the key pressed in a short time in the present tuning device. Therefore, tuning can be performed accurately in a short time. Furthermore, by using the pitch bend data of the MIDI data, it is possible to easily set and change the pitch cent value for each key.

The tuning device is not limited to a piano, but can be used in a guitar synthesizer or the like which can output MIDI data. Also, if the frequency difference is L
Not only the display using the ED 134 but also the difference in frequency may be output using a beep sound or the like.

A computer 30 may be connected to the tuning device 10 and used for measurement. The computer 30 is a versatile personal computer or the like,
It has a function to edit MIDI data. For example,
It is also possible to record the current reference pitch, cent value, and tuning result in the computer 30. Further, for example, the reference pitch and the cent value may be set from the computer 30.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, the MI output from an automatic piano or the like in the tuning device.
By detecting the data representing the pitch included in the DI data and determining the pitch of the tapped key, the tuning of the musical instrument can be performed accurately in a short time. Further, by using MIDI data, it is possible to easily set the cent value for each pitch.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view of a tuner or the like according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of a tuner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the tuner according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the tuner according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 microcomputer (reference frequency determining means),
12 filter amplifier (instrument sound detection means), 13 display circuit, 15 photocoupler (input means), 50 microphone (instrument sound detection means), 134 LED (output means)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An input unit for inputting a signal from a musical instrument which emits a musical instrument sound having a frequency corresponding to the operated musical instrument operator and outputs a signal corresponding to the musical instrument operator, and a signal inputted by the input unit. A reference frequency determining means for determining a reference frequency based on the above, a musical instrument sound detecting means for detecting the frequency of the musical instrument sound, and a signal indicating the difference between the frequency of the musical instrument sound detected by the musical instrument sound detecting means and the reference frequency And an output means for performing the tuning.