JPH053256B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Field of Application) This description relates to an automatic method and device for peeling oysters belonging to the class Bivalvia.

(Prior Art) Oysters, which belong to the class Bivalvia, are particularly cultivated in large numbers in Hiroshima Prefecture, are rich in nutrients, and are widely eaten.

Oysters have two calcareous shells, which are connected by ligaments at the back in a pair-like manner, and these ligaments have the function of opening the shells. The two shells are also closed together by the shell muscle (commonly called the ostracod) attached to the inside of the shell.

Traditionally, the oysters were peeled by women, usually women, who held a hook-shaped tool in their hands and drove the shell into the seam of the shell, aiming at the occlusus muscle, cutting the occlusus muscle. When I got up and scraped myself out, I was doing some manual labor.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) The above-mentioned manual work is inefficient as it takes an average of 10 seconds to peel one oyster, and at the same time, the work is done in water during the cold season, which makes the body cold. The working conditions are extremely harsh, causing pain in the legs and lower back and chapped hands due to long hours of work in a seated position, resulting in high wages and high costs. Therefore, there are many adverse conditions that make it extremely difficult to secure labor, etc. This oyster farming is the biggest problem for oyster farmers, and in order to overcome this problem, various mechanization and automation have been used. Although many attempts have been made, it has not yet been realized because the oysters themselves vary widely in size and shape, and this has been considered the industry's biggest challenge.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide an automatic scraping method and device that can automate scraping, eliminate harsh labor, improve efficiency, and reduce costs. That is.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is to place an oyster belonging to the class Bivalvia on an oyster holding means provided on a conveyor, with the back side down and a plane including the outer periphery of the shell. The oyster is moved underwater in the aquarium while being clamped almost in line with the vertical plane including the direction of travel of the conveyor, and during this underwater movement, the oyster is rotated from both sides of the oyster to the outside of the closed shell muscle position and in the vicinity. By grinding the shell with a grindstone, the closed shell muscle is separated from the shell, and the opening at the tip of the abdomen, which is slightly opened by this cutting, is fitted into the wedge-shaped open shell member from the inferior end side, and the shell is removed. This is an automatic peeling method in which the shell is opened and fluid is injected into the open shell to remove the body from the shell.

Also, a conveyor that moves underwater in an aquarium with a portion exposed in the air, a fixed claw provided on the top surface of the conveyor that projects upward, and a movable claw that is biased in the direction of the fixed claw.
The oyster clamping means is opposed to each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the conveyor, and a grinding wheel rotating in a horizontal direction is provided with a diameter smaller than that of the oyster, corresponding to the positions of the closed shell muscles on both sides of the oyster moving in the water. The grinding wheel is attached to a vertical whetstone shaft along with a regulating ring whose outer periphery hits the oyster shell to regulate the cutting depth of the whetstone, and the whetstone shaft is biased in the direction of the oyster.
A plurality of pairs of grinding means are provided by changing the upper and lower positions of the grindstone to correspond to the size of the oysters, and a small opening at the tip of the abdomen of the oyster, which has been made small by cutting the occipital muscle, passes through the grinding means, and the grinding means is set in the direction of travel of the conveyor. a wedge-shaped open-shell member with an acute angle at the end on the side where the oyster approaches; a nozzle for injecting fluid to the open-shelled oyster to get it out of the entanglement; The automatic scraping device is equipped with a clamping and opening member provided along the traveling direction of the conveyor for opening the movable claw in a counter-biasing direction in order to remove the movable claw from the scraping and clamping means.

(Function) While the conveyor moves in the air, the oysters are manually pushed into the oyster gripping means with their backs facing down from the upper end, and the oysters are forcefully clamped one by one one by one.

When the oyster thus clamped moves through the water in the aquarium, the grindstone hits the oyster at and near the position of the occlusal muscle on both sides of the oyster, grinding the shell and separating the occlusive muscle from the shell.

When this happens, the action of the obturator muscles that close the shell disappears, and the dorsal ligaments try to open, but since the shell is being held elastically by the raking and holding means,
The upper abdomen resists the elastic force and opens its mouth slightly.
In this state, the conveyor advances, and the small opening fits into the sharp inferior head at the tip of the open shell member, and as the width expands in a wedge shape, the movable claw of the clamping means is pushed open against the biasing force, and Open it.

Air or water is injected into this large opening to blow away the body that is away from the shell and remove it from the shell, and then the clamping and releasing member opens the movable claw to cause the shell to fall off from the clamping means. are performed sequentially and continuously.

(Example) This description will be explained in detail below based on the example shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an overall side view showing one embodiment of the present invention, in which a conveyor 1 has a pair of chains suspended in parallel with a predetermined interval, and a connecting plate 2 perpendicular to the traveling direction is connected to an appropriate conveyor. Connected at intervals,
It is installed in a water tank (not shown) to be driven horizontally, and a portion of its front and rear ends are exposed from the water surface 3.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pair of left and right grinding means 4 are installed above the underwater moving part in the middle of the front and back directions of the conveyor 1 on the upper side of the conveyor 1. There are three sets arranged in a staggered manner, and the grinding means 4 has a vertical motor 8 attached to a bracket 7 rotatably supported by a fulcrum shaft 6 established on a fixed plate 5. , the shaft of this motor 8 constitutes a grinding wheel shaft 10 that hangs down through an arcuate long hole 9 formed in the fixed plate 5 and centered on the point axis 6, and a disk-shaped horizontal The grindstone 11 rotating in the direction
A regulating ring 12 having a smaller diameter than this grindstone is attached in an overlapping manner. The motor 8, grindstone shaft 10, grindstone 11, and regulation wheel 12 that are integrated are as follows:
It is biased in the direction of the advancing direction line X by a biasing spring 13, and is regulated by a stopper 14 for positioning during non-grinding.

As the grindstone 11, it is desirable to use a ceramic grindstone or a diamond grindstone, which has less wear, in order to increase durability.

As shown in FIG. 4, an upright support shaft 15 is installed approximately in the center of the upper surface of the connecting plate 2, and a oyster support plate 16 having a boss portion 16a projecting perpendicularly to the lower surface is attached to the support shaft 15. , the boss portion 16a is fitted to support the rotation function. A positioning recess 16b is formed in the lower end of the boss portion 16a and is cut into a chevron shape through the diametrical direction.
A positioning pin 17 provided through 5 in the diametrical direction.
However, the pressure spring 18 fitted into the positioning recess 16b and attached to the upper end of the support shaft 15 presses the boss portion 16a downward, and the oyster support plate 1
6 is positioned in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, that is, in a direction parallel to the connecting plate 2. And the boss portion 16a
There are two oscillating cams 1 with protruding parts on the right diagonal rear and left diagonal rear with respect to the direction of travel.
9 and 19a are formed symmetrically.

On the upper surface of the oyster support plate 16, the oysters K are manually inserted one by one with their backs facing down in the rear aerial exposed portion R near the rear end in the direction of movement of the conveyor 1, and the outer periphery of the shells is A scraping and clamping means 20 is provided for clamping a flat surface including the conveyor 1 so as to substantially coincide with a vertical plane including the traveling direction of the conveyor 1.
1 and a bifurcated movable claw 24 which is pivotally mounted 22 to the support plate 15 and whose tip is urged in the direction of the fixed claw 21 by a spiral spring 23 attached to the pivot 22. They are arranged to protrude upward and face each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction. The movable pawl 24 has a trochanter 2 rotatably supported on a vertical axis at the end of the portion extending downward from the pivot 22.
5 is provided.

Reference numerals 26 and 26a denote swing guides, which are placed at lateral positions corresponding to the swing cams 19 and 19a and below the grindstone 11 when viewed from the state shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, as the conveyor 1 advances, the oscillating cams 19, 19a come into contact with the oscillating guides 26, 26a, so that the oyster support plate 16 is swung forward and backward about the support shaft 15 by a predetermined angle (Θ) with respect to a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the conveyor 1.

This swinging is performed by moving the closed shell muscle position KH of the oyster K, which is held between the fixed claw 21 and the movable claw 24, to the outermost left and right sides in the direction of movement, and moving the shell near the shell muscle position KH and its vicinity onto the conveyor. This is done in order to separate the closed shell muscle from the shell by grinding it with a grindstone 11 as it progresses.

27 is an open shell member;
As shown in the figure, in front of the grinding means 4 in the traveling direction of the conveyor 1, it is provided with an appropriate length in the traveling direction at a position where the upper end of the scraper K held between the fixed claw 21 and the movable claw 24 passes. The inferior head 2 whose rear end in the direction of travel has been shaved off the side and has an inferior acute angle.
7a, the closed shell muscle is separated from the shell by the grinding means 4, and the upper abdomen of the oyster K has a small opening KS that opens slightly due to the action of the ligament.
However, as the conveyor 1 advances, the shell is drawn into the inferior head 27a of the open shell member 27, and as it gradually moves to a wider portion, the shell opens wide.

Reference numeral 28 denotes an air nozzle, which is formed to penetrate the wide part of the open shell member 27 from the upper surface to the lower surface diagonally downward in the traveling direction of the conveyor 1, and has an air pipe 28a connected to a compressor (not shown) connected to the upper end portion. There is.

This air nozzle 28 injects air into a large opening KL of the oyster K which is opened wide by the open shell member 27, and blows out the peeled meat KB of the oyster K from the shell.

The peeled meat KB taken out of the shell in this way sinks and collects in one place (not shown), and air is blown up in this gathered place to generate an upward water flow, and the peeled meat KB is removed from the conveyor 1. It is collected by surfacing at a location. In addition,
The air nozzle 28 may also spray water.

Reference numeral 29 denotes a holding and releasing member, which has an elongated arc shape in the part where the conveyor 1 curves and descends along the sprocket at a position corresponding to the trochanter 25 of the front air exposed part F near the front end in the traveling direction of the conveyor 1. As shown in FIG. 11, when the trochanter 25 at the lower end of the movable claw 24 comes into contact with this clamping release member 29, the movable claw 24 opens wide, releasing the clamping of the shell SH and causing it to fall. The fallen shells SH then ride on another conveyor (not shown) and are deposited in the shell storage area.

In the figure, 30 is a drive motor that drives the conveyor 1, and 31 is a drive chain.

In addition, in this embodiment, the grinding means 4 is shown in which the grindstone 11 is provided with three sets of left and right wheels at different heights.
In some cases, there are two, four, five, etc. sets of grindstones.

In addition, the water in the water tank becomes contaminated due to grinding, so it must be replaced continuously.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the automatic scraping method and device according to the present invention described above, a person only has to fit the oysters one by one into the scraping and clamping means and hold the oysters automatically and continuously. One oyster can be quickly shucked in about 1 second, improving efficiency by about 10 times compared to hand-stripping, and also freeing workers from even harsh labor.

In addition, by cutting the closed shell muscles with a whetstone underwater, the grinding chips are washed away by the water and do not stick to the peeled meat, and the peeled meat is washed with water and cleaned as it sinks in the water and rises to the surface. You can get the peeled meat.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a partial plan view taken along line A-A in Figure 1;
3 is a partial sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line C-C in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 4, and FIG. A sectional view taken along the line D-D, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the state when the open shell muscle is cut.
8 is a partially cutaway plan view taken along the line F-F in FIG. 4, and FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged plan view taken along the line G-G in FIG. Figure 10 is a view of Figure 9 viewed in the direction of arrow H, and Figure 11.
The figure is an enlarged view of Figure 1 viewed in the J-J line direction, and Figure 12.
The figure is a side view of the oyster. 1...Conveyor, 2...Connecting plate, 3...Water surface,
4... Grinding means, 10... Grinding wheel shaft, 11... Grinding wheel, 12... Regulating ring, 13... Biasing spring, 20...
...Scraper holding means, 21...Fixed claw, 24...Movable claw, 27...Open shell member, 28...Air nozzle, 2
9... Holding and releasing member, F... Front aerial exposed part, R
... Rear aerial exposed part, K ... Kaki, KB ... Peeled meat, KH ... Open shell muscle position, KS ... Small opening, KL
...Large opening, SH...shell.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Oysters belonging to the class Bivalvia are placed with their backs down on the oyster gripping means provided on the conveyor, and the plane including the outer periphery of the shells is approximately aligned with the vertical plane including the traveling direction of the conveyor. During this underwater movement, a rotating grindstone is applied from both sides of the oyster to the outside of and near the position of the occlusus muscle to grind the shell, thereby removing the occlusus muscle from the shell. The opening at the tip of the abdomen, which is slightly open due to this cutting, is inserted into the wedge-shaped open shell member from the inferior end to open the shell, and fluid is injected into this open shell to remove the body from the shell. An automatic scraping method that is characterized by pulling out more. 2 A conveyor that moves underwater in an aquarium with a portion exposed in the air, a fixed claw that protrudes upward and a movable claw that is biased in the direction of the fixed claw provided on the top surface of the conveyor, as described above. A oyster clamping means is arranged to face each other in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the conveyor, and a grinding wheel rotating in a horizontal direction is provided with a diameter smaller than that of the oyster, corresponding to the positions of the closed shell muscles on both sides of the oyster moving in the water. The wheel is attached to a vertical whetstone shaft along with a regulating ring whose outer periphery hits the oyster shell to regulate the cutting depth of the whetstone, and the whetstone shaft is biased in the direction of the oyster, corresponding to the size of the oyster. A plurality of pairs of grinding means are provided in which the above-mentioned grindstones are arranged at different positions in the upper and lower positions, and are provided along the direction of movement of the above-mentioned conveyor at a position where the small opening at the tip of the abdomen of the oyster, which has been made small by cutting the occlusal muscle, passes through. , a wedge-shaped opening shell member with an acute angle at the end on the side where the oyster approaches; a nozzle for injecting fluid to the opened oyster to remove the shell from the shell; and a nozzle for removing the shell from the oyster holding means. an automatic scraping device, comprising: a clamping and opening member provided along the traveling direction of the conveyor for opening the movable claw in a counter-biasing direction.