JPH0545814B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a manual transmission for a vehicle that minimizes power loss due to counter gear rotation during high-speed driving.

(Prior art) Conventionally, in the case of a manual transmission, power rotation from the engine is transmitted from a main drive gear to a counter drive gear, and the counter drive gear has multiple gears fixed to the countershaft corresponding to each gear stage. A counter gear is driven, and mesh transmission to each transmission gear of the main shaft via the counter gear is selected by a shift operation.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the case of a manual transmission that transmits power rotation via such a counter gear to a transmission gear of the main shaft selected by a shift operation, it is difficult to select the 4th or 5th gear. Even when driving at high speed by shifting to a higher speed and using direct drive, the counter gear is still rotated at idle, and there is a problem in that the power loss of the transmission increases by the amount of idle rotation of the counter gear.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been made in view of these conventional problems, and is designed to minimize power loss due to gear rotation during high-speed driving with direct drive. The purpose is to provide a manual transmission for vehicles.

In order to achieve this object, in the present invention, a main drive gear for counter driving is provided in the main drive shaft which receives power rotation from the engine via a clutch so as to be relatively rotatable, and furthermore, a main drive gear for driving a counter is provided in a manner that allows relative rotation between the main drive shaft and the power rotation. A synchronized meshing device is installed in the divided part of the main shaft that is taken out to the outside.
By switching this synchronous meshing device, when the shift lever is shifted to a direct gear, the main drive shaft is directly coupled to the main shaft, and when the shift lever is shifted to a shift position other than the direct gear, the power rotation of the main drive shaft is countered. It drives the main drive gear that is transmitted to the drive gear, and when the engine is idling when the shift lever is in the neutral position and the clutch is connected, the transmission of power rotation from the main drive shaft to the main shaft and main drive gear is disconnected. This is how it was done.

(Function) According to the configuration of the present invention, when the shift lever is shifted to the direct gear, the synchronous mesh device provided at the dividing portion between the main drive shaft on the input side and the main shaft on the output side engages the main shaft. By switching to the direct connection position, the transmission of power rotation to the main drive gear for counter drive is disconnected, completely stopping the idle rotation of the counter gear and main gear system during high-speed driving, minimizing power loss. can be suppressed to

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 is a skeleton diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, taking a four-speed manual transmission as an example.

First, to explain the configuration, 1 is the engine,
The power rotation from the engine 1 is transmitted via the clutch 2 to the main drive shaft 3 of the manual transmission.Following this main drive shaft 3, there is a main shaft 4 on the same axis for transmitting the changed power rotation. It is provided with a center-through system so that it can be rotated relatively freely.

A main drive gear 5 for transmitting power rotation to the counter gear side is rotatably provided relative to the main drive shaft 3, and the main drive gear 5 has a predetermined center-to-axis distance with respect to the main drive shaft 3. A counter drive gear 7 provided on a counter shaft 6 disposed in parallel is engaged with the counter drive gear 7 via the counter shaft 6 . The counter shaft 6 is sequentially provided with a third speed counter gear 8, a second speed counter gear 9, and a first speed counter gear and a reverse counter gear (not shown).

Of course, the reverse counter gear (not shown) is meshed with a reverse main gear which is rotatably provided on the main shaft 4 via a reverse idler gear in between, and the first speed counter gear is connected to the main shaft 4 at a position in front of the reverse gear. It is meshed with a 1st speed main gear which is relatively rotatable.

A synchronous meshing device 10 for switching between 2nd speed and 3rd speed is provided between a 3rd speed main gear 11 and a 2nd speed main gear 12 that are rotatably provided relative to the main shaft 4. For example, a Warner synchro type is used.

On the other hand, a synchronized meshing device 15 is provided at a divided portion between the main drive shaft 3 and the main shaft 4, on which the main drive gear 5 is relatively rotatably provided. This synchro meshing device 15 is a synchro hub 1
6 is fixed to the main drive shaft 3, and an insert key, a spread spring, a coupling sleeve, and a balk ring schematically shown as a switching part 17 are provided on the outside of the synchro hub 16, and clutch gears are mounted on both sides of this switching part 17. 18,
19 will be placed.

One clutch gear 18 in this synchronous meshing device 15 is formed integrally with a main drive gear 5 which is relatively rotatably provided on the main drive shaft 3, and the other clutch gear 19 is fixed to the main shaft 4.

The synchronizer 15 has a first shift position A, a neutral position N and a second shift position B,
Switching to the first shift position A directly connects the main drive shaft 3 to the main shaft 4, and switching to the first shift position A results in a 4-speed shift that is a direct drive. Further, switching to the second shift position B is performed when shifting to a gear other than 4th gear. That is, when shifting to 1st to 3rd gear or even reverse, the second shift position B
The main drive gear 5 is connected to the main drive shaft 3 via the synchronizer 15 to drive the counter drive gear 7. Furthermore, in the neutral position N of the synchronous meshing device 15, the main drive shaft 3 with respect to the main shaft 4 and the main drive gear 5 is
The power rotation from the motor is disconnected.

FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram showing an embodiment of a shift device used for switching the synchronizer 15 shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 20 denotes a neutral detection means, which detects the neutral state of the shift lever and produces an H level output. Reference numeral 21 denotes a 4th speed shift detection means, which generates an H level output when the shift lever is shifted to 4th speed, which is a direct gear. Furthermore,
22 is a vehicle speed zero detection means, which detects the stopped state of the vehicle and generates an H level output. The output of the 4th speed shift detection means 21 becomes a control signal for the drive circuit 23 to switch the synchronous meshing device 15 to the first switching position (direct connection position) A. Furthermore, the detection outputs of the neutral detection means 20 and the vehicle speed zero detection means 22 are
The signal is applied to the drive circuit 23 via the AND gate 24 as a control signal for switching to shift position N. Furthermore, the output of the neutral detection means 20 inverted by the inverter 25 and the output of the 4-speed shift detection means 21 inverted by the inverter 26 are given to the AND gate 27, and the output of the AND gate 27 is applied to the drive circuit 23 for the second shift. This is a control signal for switching to position B.

The drive circuit 23 is the synchronous meshing device 1 shown in FIG.
5 to the first shift position A, the neutral position N, and the second shift position B, and the shift actuator 28 has a three-position switching function, For example, a negative pressure cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, etc. are used.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

First, switching to neutral position N is performed with the shift lever in neutral and the vehicle stopped. That is, in this case, the detection outputs of the neutral detecting means 20 and the vehicle speed zero detecting means 22 are at H level, and the output of the 4th speed shift detecting means is at L level.
Only the output of the AND gate 24 becomes H level, and the shift actuator 28 maintains the synchronizer 15 at the neutral position N.

At this time, the engine 1 is transmitted to the main drive shaft 3 via the clutch 2 which is in the connected state.
Since the synchro mesh device 15 has been switched to the neutral position N, only the synchro hub 16 and switching portion 17 of the synchro mesh device 15 fixed to the main drive shaft 3 are rotated, and the power rotation from the clutch gears 18 on both sides rotates. , 19 is cut off, the transmission of power rotation to not only the main shaft 4 but also the main drive gear 5 and the counter drive gear 7 is cut off, and the third speed counter gear provided on the counter shaft 6 is cut off. Each counter gear such as the 8th and 2nd speed counter gear 9 also stops, and all the gears installed in the manual transmission in the idling state when the vehicle is stopped also stop, and the rattle that occurs due to the rotation of the counter gear due to backlash is stopped. Needless to say, almost no driving noise is generated due to gear rotation.

Next, from the neutral position to a gear other than 4th gear, for example 2nd gear.
When the gear shift is shifted to high speed, the outputs of the neutral detection means 20 and the 4th speed shift detection means 21 are both L.
Regardless of the output of the vehicle speed zero detection means 22, only the output of the AND gate 27 to the drive circuit 23 becomes the H level, and the shift actuator 28 switches the synchronizer 15 to the second shift position B. .

In this case, the power rotation from the main drive shaft 3 is transmitted to the main drive gear 5 via the synchronous meshing device 15, and further rotates the counter shaft 6 via the counter drive gear 7 meshing with the main drive gear 5. 3rd speed and 2nd speed counter gears 8 provided on the counter shaft 6,
9. Furthermore, a reverse counter gear and a first speed counter gear (not shown) are rotated. on the other hand,
In conjunction with the shift to 2nd speed, the synchronous meshing device 10
The speed main gear 12 is switched to connect with the main shaft 4, and the 2
The meshing rotation of the speed counter gear 9 is received by the second speed main gear 12 and transmitted from the synchronous meshing device 10 to the main shaft 4.

Furthermore, when shifting to 4th gear, which is a direct gear,
Only the output of the fourth speed shift detection means 21 becomes H level, and the drive circuit 23 causes the shift actuator 28 to switch the synchronizer 15 to the first switching position A where it is directly connected.

By switching the synchronizer 15 to the first shift position A, the main drive shaft 3 is directly connected to the main shaft 4 via the synchronizer 15.
The power rotation from the engine 1 obtained via the clutch 2 is directly transmitted to the main shaft 4,
A state is entered in which power is transmitted to the main shaft 4 by direct drive. At this time, the main drive gear 5 is disconnected by the synchronous meshing device 15, and the main drive gear 5, the counter drive gear 7, the counter shaft 6, and the counter shaft 6 are separated.
None of the 1st to 3rd gears, the reverse counter gear, the 1st to 3rd gear main gears that mesh with each counter gear, the reverse idler gear, and the reverse main gear are rotated, and all the gears in the counter gear and main gear system rotate. Since the vehicle is stationary, power loss during high-speed driving can be minimized.

Further, by performing a double clutch operation while shifting from 1st to 2nd gear, 2nd gear to 1st gear, 2nd gear to 3rd gear, and 3rd gear to 2nd gear, the neutral detection means 20 temporarily generates an H level output, and the AND gate 27
Even if the output of 4-speed shift detection means 21 and vehicle speed zero detection means 22 is at L level, the switching control signal to the first switching position A or neutral position N is at H level. There is no need to change gears by double-clutch operation.

In the above embodiment, when shifting to a gear other than the direct gear, that is, shifting to 1st, 2nd, or 3rd gear or reverse shifting, the switching operation of the synchronous mesh device of each transmission gear provided on the main shaft 4 side is necessary. At the same time, the synchronizer 15 shifts to the second shift position B.
will be shifted to Therefore, it is desirable to switch the synchronizer 15 to the second shift position B following the switching operation of the shift lever to the shift position.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, when shifting to a direct drive gear, the synchronizer meshing device directly couples the power rotation from the engine to the main shaft, so that the power to the main drive gear is reduced. Since the transmission of rotation is disconnected and all gear rotation in the counter gear system is stopped during direct gear travel, power loss can be minimized.

In addition, when the engine is idling with the shift lever in the neutral position and the clutch connected, the synchronizing mesh device provided at the dividing part between the main drive shaft on the input side and the main shaft on the output side switches to the neutral position, and the main shaft Of course, the rotation of the counter drive gear, each counter gear, and the transmission main gear also stops, and since none of the gears installed in the manual transmission rotate, the rattle noise caused by the bumping of the counter gear. Of course, the generation of drive noise due to gear rotation can also be almost completely eliminated.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a skeleton diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention using a 4-speed manual transmission as an example, and Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the shift switching device of the synchromesh device shown in Fig. 1. It is. 1: Engine, 2: Clutch, 3: Main drive shaft, 4: Main shaft, 5: Main drive gear, 6: Counter shaft, 7: Counter drive gear, 8: 3rd speed counter gear, 9:
2-speed counter gear, 10: Synchronous mesh device, 11:
3rd speed main gear, 12: 2nd speed main gear, 16:
Synchro hub, 17: Switching section, 18, 19: Clutch gear, 20: Neutral detection means, 21:
4-speed shift detection means, 22: Vehicle speed zero detection means,
23: Drive circuit, 24, 27: AND gate, 2
5, 26: Inverter, 28: Shift actuator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A main drive shaft into which power rotation is input from the engine via a clutch, a main shaft that is arranged coaxially with the main drive shaft and takes out the power rotation to the outside, and a main drive shaft that is rotatably provided relative to the main drive shaft. a main drive gear meshed with a counter drive gear; a first shift position where power rotation from the main drive shaft is directly connected to the main shaft; and a first shift position where power rotation from the main drive shaft is transmitted to the main drive gear. and a neutral position that disconnects power transmission to the main drive gear and the main shaft from the main drive shaft; the synchronizer is switched to the first shift position, the synchronizer is switched to the second shift position when the shift lever is shifted to a position other than the direct gear, and the synchronizer is switched to the second shift position when the shift lever is in the neutral position and the clutch is connected; A manual transmission for a vehicle, characterized in that it is provided with a shift mechanism for switching the transmission to a neutral position.