JPH0545877B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement of a grain discharge device in a circulating grain dryer.

(Problems to be Solved by the Prior Art and the Invention) In a circulating grain dryer, when drying is completed, the grain transfer device inside the machine such as a screw and the grain elevator are driven to remove the grain from the upper part of the grain elevator. Eject the grains out of the machine from the outlet.

In this case, after most of the grains have been discharged, the amount of grains to be discharged gradually decreases, but if the grains become clogged in the transfer path even during discharge, the amount to be discharged is drastically reduced.

However, when most of the grains have been expelled,
While it is necessary to continue operating the transfer equipment and grain hoist inside the machine to completely eject the grain remaining inside the machine,
If grains become stuck in the middle, operation must be stopped immediately to avoid damage to the machine due to excessive load.

Even if the amount of grain discharged decreases in the same manner as described above, depending on the cause, it is necessary to take different measures, such as continuing the discharge operation for a while or stopping it immediately.

However, in the past, even if the amount of grain discharge decreased, the cause could not be detected, so appropriate measures could not be taken, and the machine was delayed in stopping even though the grain was clogged, resulting in problems with the grain transfer equipment. There were problems such as an excessive load and grain remaining in the machine due to the machine stopping before the discharge was completely completed.

In view of this point, the present invention installs sensors to detect the presence of grains near the upper take-out port of the grain hoist and at the bottom of the drying chamber in the dryer. It distinguishes and detects whether the amount of emissions has decreased or whether the amount of emissions has decreased because grains are clogged on the way. The purpose is to immediately stop operation in case of emergency.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention provides for controlling the presence and absence of grain flow at the connection between the grain raising machine and the grain feeding helix of a circulating grain dryer.
A grain flow sensor SA is installed at the bottom of the drying chamber to detect whether grains are present or not, and a grain sensor SB is installed at the bottom of the drying chamber to detect the presence or absence of grains.In addition, a discharge switch SS is installed to perform discharge operation.

and a means for generating a signal to stop the discharging operation in a short time based on a signal indicating that the grain flow is "no" and a signal indicating that the grain is present when the discharging switch SS is on and the discharging operation is in progress; The present invention includes means for generating a signal for stopping the discharge operation after a long period of time based on the signal indicating that the grain flow is "no" and the signal indicating that the grain is "no".

(Function) When the grains in the machine are completely discharged by the discharge operation, the amount of grains discharged gradually decreases, and the amount of grains remaining in the drying chamber becomes zero. Therefore, both the detection signals of grain flow sensor SA and grain sensor SB become "absent",
A signal is output to stop the discharging operation after a long period of time, and the discharging operation is stopped when the grains in the machine are completely discharged after continuing the operation for a predetermined period of time.

On the other hand, if grains clog the transfer path during the discharge operation, the amount of grains discharged decreases, but the grains still remain in the drying chamber. For this purpose the grain flow sensor SA
The detection signal of the grain sensor SB is "none", but the grain sensor SB
The detection signal is "Yes", and as a result, a signal to stop the discharge operation is output in a short time, and the operation is stopped immediately.

(Example) To explain the present invention based on an example shown in the drawings, 1 is a storage chamber of a dryer, and a chevron plate 2 with an inverted V-shaped cross section is provided at the center of the bottom of the storage chamber, and guides are provided on the left and right sides of the chevron plate 2. Install swash plates 3 and 3. Perforated plates 4 are connected to both side edges of the chevron-shaped plate 2 and the lower edges of the guiding swash plates 3, 3, respectively, and a pair of opposing perforated plates 4 form a drying chamber 5, 5.

The discharge ports at the lower ends of the drying chambers 5 and 5 are connected to the grain collecting chamber 7 at the bottom of the machine through the rotary valve 6, and the delivery end of the grain collecting helix 8 suspended horizontally in the groove in the center is connected to the grain raising machine 9. Connect to the bottom intake of the Then, a chain is stretched between the left and right rotary valves 6, 6 and an intermediate shaft (not shown), and a valve motor is connected to this intermediate shaft and the grain removal helix 8.
Tension the Mv belt. Reference numeral 10 indicates a loading port communicating with the lower intake port of the grain raising machine 9.

Next, the upper outlet of the grain elevating machine 9 is connected to the starting end of the grain feeding helix 11 installed on the upper part of the machine via the input port 12. The bottom surface of the starting end of the grain feeding spiral 11 is open,
A discharge tube 14 is connected to this via a shutter plate 13. The terminal end of the grain feeding spiral 11 opens above a diffusion plate 15 suspended from the center of the ceiling plate of the storage chamber 1.

16 is a drive shaft of a bucket 17 installed in the grain raising machine 9, and a belt (not shown) of the grain raising machine motor Me is stretched between this and the helical shaft 18 of the grain feeding helix 11.

Next, burners 19 are placed opposite the front and back of the dryer.
and a suction fan 20 having a fan motor Mf are installed, and the burner 19 is exposed to the hot air chamber 21 inside the left and right drying chambers 5, 5.
is connected to a ventilation chamber 22 surrounded by the outside of the drying chambers 5, 5 and the outer wall of the dryer. 23 is a shielding plate that closes the side of the hot air chamber 21 opposite to the burner 19 and partitions the hot air chamber 21 and the exhaust chamber 22.

Then, close the shutter plate 13 and start the grain hoist motor.
Grain raising machine 9 rotates Me and inserts grains through the loading port 10;
Diffusion plate 1 via input port 11 and grain feeding helix 11
5, the storage chamber 1 is evenly filled with drying chamber 5.
flows down to At this time, the hot air from the burner 19 enters the left and right drying chambers 15 from the central hot air chamber 21, strongly drying the surface layer of the grains flowing down, and the exhaust air containing moisture passes through the exhaust chamber 22 and is sent to the fan. 20 to exhaust the air outside the machine.

The grains in the drying chamber 5 are gradually dropped into the grain collection chamber 7 by the rotary valve 6 which rotates at low speed by the power of the valve motor Mv, and returned to the storage chamber 1 by the grain threshing screw 8 and the grain hoist 9, where they are The moisture in the core of the grain is diffused to the surface layer and refined.

After the grains are circulated in the vessel and dried to a predetermined moisture content, turn off the burner 19 and turn off the shutter plate 1.
Open 3. Then, the discharge switch SS is pressed and the rotary valve 6 is rotated at high speed by the valve motor Mv, and the grain hoist motor Me and fan motor Mf are continuously rotated to remove the grains in the machine from the rotary valve 6 to the grain hoist 8 and the grain hoist. 9, the grain is discharged from the input port 12 faster than the upper take-out port, and then from the opening at the bottom of the starting end of the feeding helix 11 to the discharge tube 1.
4 and is discharged outside the machine.

In addition, in a small dryer, one motor serves as both the valve motor and the grain raising machine motor, and this single motor can operate all the grain transfer equipment, such as the rotary valve, screws, and grain raising machine. good.

Therefore, in the present invention, the input port 1 connects the upper outlet of the grain hoist 9 and the starting end of the grain feeding helix 11.
A grain flow sensor SA is attached to the drying chamber 2, and a grain sensor SB is attached to the bottom of the drying chamber 5.

The grain flow sensor SA has a receiving plate 25 suspended from a rotating shaft 24 horizontally installed in the input port 12, with its front facing the upper outlet of the grain hoist 9 and protruding outside the input port 12. An operating plate 26 is attached to the outer end of the rotating shaft 24.
is fixed and is exposed to the actuator 29 of the micro switch 28 inside the case 27. When the grains discharged from the grain raising machine 9 collide with the receiving plate 25,
The impact causes the rotary shaft 24 to pivot, and the actuating plate 26 moves away from the actuator 29 of the micro switch 28, turning the switch on. Also, as the amount of grain discharge decreases and the impact force on the receiving plate 25 weakens, The receiving plate 25 hangs downward due to its own weight, and the actuating plate 26 pushes the actuator 29 to turn off the switch.

In this way, the grain flow sensor SA is connected to the input port 12.
A switch is operated according to the amount of grains passing through, and it is detected whether there is a flow of grains or not.However, instead of the one shown in the figure, there are light-emitting elements and light-receiving elements on the left and right inner walls of the input port 12. The elements are mounted facing each other, and the grains passing through the input port 12 block the light from the light-emitting element that enters the light-receiving element, using an optical switch that detects whether there is a flow of grains or not. Good too.

The grain sensor SB has a structure in which a small hole is bored in the front outer wall 30 of the dryer body that closes one side of the drying chamber 5, and a micro switch 32 coated with a rubber-like elastic membrane 31 is attached to this hole. When there are grains in the chamber 5, the elastic membrane 31
The actuator 33 of the micro switch 32 is pressed through the switch to turn it on, and if there are no grains at the bottom of the drying chamber 5, the micro switch 32 is turned off.

Instead of the one illustrated as the grain sensor SB, a known pressure gauge such as a diaphragm pressure gauge may be used.

Next, the grain flow sensor SA, grain sensor SB, and discharge switch SS are connected to the input port 34 in the central processing unit (CPU) 33 of the microcomputer.
It is connected via the digital input circuit 35. 36 is a control unit in the central processing unit 33, which is connected to the memory 3.
7, and counter 38 are connected. Reference numeral 39 denotes an output port in the central processing unit 33, to which a fan motor Mf, a grain hoist motor Me, and a valve motor Mv are respectively connected via a digital output circuit 40.

Then, the discharge switch SS is pressed to close, and the ON signal, that is, the 1 signal, is read by the control unit 36 through the input port 34, and the fan motor Mf and grain hoist motor Me are thereby transmitted through the output port 39.
Then, turn on the valve motor Mv to discharge the grains out of the machine as described above.

While continuing the discharge operation in this way, the control unit 36 reads a signal indicating whether the grain flow sensor SA is on or off, that is, whether the grain flow is "present" or "absent", and when the signal is "present", the central processing Part 3
The counter 38 of 3 is reset, but the sensor SA
is turned off and the signal changes from "present" to "absent", then the control unit 36 reads the signal from the grain sensor SB.

At this time, if the grain sensor SB is on and the grain is a "present" signal, specify the address A1 of the time setting data for a short time T1 (for example, 3 seconds) preset in the memory 37, After reading the data to the control unit 36, the counter 3
8 is set to T1 for a short time according to the data and the count is started.

If the grain sensor SB is off and the grain is a "no" signal, use the same procedure to specify the address A2 of the data for the long time T2 (for example, 3 minutes) time setting in the memory 37, and thereby the counter Set 38 at T2 for a long time and start counting.

When the short time T1 or long time T1 elapses and the counter 38 counts up, a stop signal is output from the output port 39, the fan motor Mf, grain hoist motor Me and valve motor Mv are turned off, and the discharge operation is stopped. .

In this way, when the signal of the grain flow sensor SA is a signal indicating that grains do not flow and the signal of the grain sensor SB is a signal that grains are present, in other words, the grains are not flowing from the grain raising machine 9. If the drying chamber 5 is not discharged at all or the discharge amount is small, and the bottom of the drying chamber 5 is full of grains (such a condition may occur, for example, if leaves are entangled in the lower end outlet of the drying chamber 5 and the rotary valve 6 (This occurs when the transfer route inside the machine is clogged with grains, such as when the machine cannot rotate.), the discharge operation is brought to an emergency stop after a short period of time T1.

In addition, if the signal of the grain flow sensor SA is a signal indicating that there is no grain flow and the signal of the grain sensor SB is a signal that there is no grain flow, in other words, no grains are discharged from the grain hoist 9. If no grains are discharged or the amount discharged is small and there are no grains at the bottom of the drying chamber 5 (that is, most of the grains in the machine have been discharged), the discharge operation continues for a long time T2. Then it will stop automatically.

And in either case, the counter 38
continues counting while adding +1 to the counter 38 until the counter 38 is up. At that time, the control unit 36 reads the signal of the grain flow sensor SA every time the counter 38 adds +1, and when the signal becomes 0.
If it is a signal, continue counting, if it is a 1 signal (i.e. if the grain flow sensor SA is on),
The counting is interrupted and the counter 38 is reset, and the process returns to the above-described procedure for determining whether the grain flow sensor SA is on or not (see FIG. 8).

In this way, while the counter 38 is counting the set time T1 or T2 until the discharging operation is stopped, if grains are discharged from the grain hoist 9 to the input port 12 and the grain flow sensor SA is turned on. immediately interrupts counting and starts counting again from the moment the grain flow sensor SA turns off, thereby preventing chattering and ensuring correct and stable operation of the device.

9 and 10 show another embodiment of the invention.

In this embodiment, a display section 43 is connected to the second output port 41 of the central processing section 33 via a display device 42, and a buzzer 44 is additionally connected to the digital output circuit 40.

Note that the same reference numerals are given to the parts common to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Then close the discharge switch SS and turn the fan motor
Mf, grain hoist motor Me, and valve motor Mv
is turned on to discharge the grains outside the machine, and when the grain flow sensor SA turns off during discharge, the controller 36 reads whether the grain sensor SB is on or off using the same procedure as in the previous embodiment. , the address in the memory 37 is specified in accordance with the signal from the grain sensor SB, the data is read out, and the counter 38 is set to short time T1 or long time T2.

And when the counter 38 counts up,
Next, determine whether the grain sensor SB is on and the signal is a grain "present" signal, or the sensor SB is off and the signal is a grain "absent" signal, or either of the two, If the signal is "Yes", that is, if the transfer path is clogged with grains (the set time of the counter 38 in this case is T1 in a short time), the buzzer 44 is sounded and The display section 43 displays the words "grain jam" or predetermined simplified characters (for example, a one-digit number).

Further, when the grain sensor SB is off and the signal is "no", that is, when most of the grains have been discharged (in this case, the setting time of the counter 38 is a long time T2), the display section 43 is displayed. "Ejection complete"
Display the characters, etc.

In either case, it goes without saying that the discharge operation is stopped at the same time as the display is displayed (see Figure 10).

In this way, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, when the discharge operation is stopped due to grain clogging, the buzzer is activated.
4 makes a sound and displays "grain clogging" on the display section 43, which has the advantage that the operator can immediately know the cause of the operation stoppage and deal with it.

(Effects of the Invention) In short, in the present invention, the rotary valve 6 provided at the lower end outlet of the drying chamber 5 is rotated to flow the grains from the storage chamber 1 into the drying chamber 5, and
The hot air from the burner 19 is suctioned by the suction fan 20 to cross the drying chamber 5, thereby drying the grains flowing down. Grain removal helix 8 at the bottom, grain hoist 9, and grain feeding helix 11 at the top of the machine are returned to the upper part of the storage chamber 1 in order to circulate the inside of the machine, and when the drying work is completed, the grain is taken out from the top of the hoist 9 and fed. Shutter plate 13 provided at the connection part with the starting end of the grain helix 11
In the circulation type grain dryer which opens the opening and discharges the grains to the outside of the machine through the discharge pipe 14, there is a flow of grains at the above-mentioned connection part between the grain raiser 9 and the grain feeding helix 11. A grain flow sensor SA is installed at the bottom of the drying chamber 5, and a grain sensor SB is installed at the bottom of the drying chamber 5 to detect the presence or absence of grains. A discharge switch SS is provided which starts the motor that rotates the machine 9 and the grain feeding helix 11 to perform the discharge movement, and when the discharge switch SS is on and the discharge operation is in progress,
Means for generating a signal to stop the discharge operation in a short time T1 from a signal indicating that the grain flow is "no" and a signal that the grain is present, and a signal indicating that the grain flow is "no" and the grain. The present invention is characterized in that it includes means for generating a signal for stopping the discharging operation at a long time T2 from a signal of "none".

Therefore, according to the present invention, the amount of grains that are discharged from the upper outlet of the grain raising machine 9 is reduced even though grains clog the transfer path inside the machine and the bottom of the drying chamber 5 is full of grains. When the amount decreases, the discharge operation is stopped in an emergency for a short period of time T1, which prevents damage to the bearing of the rotary valve 6, the power transmission belt, and the motor due to excessive load, and also prevents grain raising. When the amount of grains discharged from the upper outlet of the machine 9 decreases and all the grains are discharged from the bottom of the drying chamber 5, the discharge operation continues for a long time, so that the grains remaining at the bottom of the machine are reduced. This produces the effect that all grains can be discharged outside the machine.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a circulating grain dryer embodying the present invention, Fig. 2 is a transverse front view taken along the - line in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the upper part of the machine.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the grain flow sensor, Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view with a part of the bottom section cut away, Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the grain sensor, Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram, 8
The figure shows a flowchart. 9 and 10 show another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram thereof,
FIG. 10 is a flowchart.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Rotating the rotary lub 6 provided at the lower end outlet of the drying chamber 5 to flow the grains from the storage chamber 1 to the drying chamber 5, and drying by sucking hot air from the burner 19 with the suction fan 20. The grains flowing down are dried by crossing the chamber 5, and the dried grains are discharged from the lower end outlet of the drying chamber 5, and then the grain threshing screw 8 at the bottom of the machine, the grain raising machine 9, and the machine body. Upper grain feeding helix 1
1 and then returned to the upper part of the storage chamber 1 to circulate the inside of the machine. When the drying work is completed, open the shutter plate 13 provided at the connection between the upper outlet of the grain raising machine 9 and the starting end of the grain feeding helix 11 and open the discharge pipe. In the circulation type grain dryer which discharges the grains outside the machine through the grain raising machine 9 and the grain feeding helix 11, there is a grain dryer that detects the presence or absence of the grain flow at the above-mentioned connection part between the grain raising machine 9 and the grain feeding helix 11. A flow sensor SA is installed at the bottom of the drying chamber 5, and a grain sensor SB that detects whether grain is present or absent is installed at the bottom of the drying chamber 5. A discharge switch that starts the motor that rotates the grain helix 11 and performs discharge operation.
SS is installed, and when the discharge switch SS is on and the discharge operation is in progress, a signal is generated to stop the discharge operation in a short period of time T1 based on the signal that there is no grain flow and the signal that the grain is present. and means for generating a signal for stopping the discharging operation at a long time T2 based on the signal that the grain flow is "no" and the signal that the grain is "no". Device.