JPH0550A - Feed composition for fish and shellfish - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a feed for fishes and shellfishes, using stock of fishes and shellfishes. CONSTITUTION:A mixture of stock of fishes and shellfishes occurring in a large amount in production of fish waste, etc., a gelatinizing natural polysaccharide and silica fine powder is gelatinized in an aqueous solution of alkali metal. Stock of fishes and shellfishes prepared as a by-product is gelatinized to make a solid feed having low dispersibility in water, which can be effectively used as a feed for fishes and shellfishes.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a solid product obtained by gelling a mixture of fish shellfish broth and natural polysaccharides, to which fine silica powder is added, in a polyvalent alkali metal salt aqueous solution. The present invention relates to a fish and shellfish feed composition.
The bait for fish and shellfish of the present invention includes, in addition to fish and shellfish, shellfish such as shrimp, crab, shrimp, hermit crab, and turtles such as turtles, red sea turtles, back animals such as ascidians, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, etc. It is a general term for the feed of aquatic animals such as echinoderms, octopus, squid and other cephalopods, and frogs and other amphibians.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Generally,
Boiled fish juice is produced as an unused resource during the production of fish meal and the production of dried sardines, dried bonito flakes, dried shirasu, and pot-aged cherry shrimp. This is a brown liquid containing proteins, fats, various amino acids, and nucleic acids. Boiled soup is 45 per 1000 kg of fish meal material.
It is produced as a by-product in an extremely large amount of 0 kg, and if it is released to the outside as it is, it causes environmental pollution. Therefore, this is concentrated and added to fish meal. However, when the broth is concentrated, it is markedly colored due to the influence of heating and the like, and when it is added to fish meal, problems such as quality deterioration are raised. On the other hand, effective use of boiled fish juice is extremely important for simplifying the fish meal manufacturing process, improving the quality of fish meal, and reducing the cost of producing fish meal.

[0003]

[Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of intensive studies aimed at the effective use of the broth, the present inventors have found that the broth is a very nutritious liquid and is apt to rot as it is. Those concentrated to a solid content of more than 50% are less likely to rot at room temperature (15 to 30 ° C). In addition, since this concentrated broth is immediately dispersed uniformly in water, it is difficult to use this concentrated solution as it is as a food for fish and shellfish, but it is solidified using natural polysaccharides and silica to form a solid food. As a result, they have found that they can be used as effective bait for fish and shellfish, and completed the present invention.
The present invention is

1. A mixture of (a) broth of fish and shellfish and (b) a natural polysaccharide capable of being cross-linked by polyvalent alkali metal ions, and (c) a fine silica powder as described in (a) and (b) above. A bait composition for fish and shellfish, which comprises gelling a mixture containing 1 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total solid content in an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt having a valence of 2 or more.

2. The feed composition for fish and shellfish according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the broth of the fish and shellfish and the natural polysaccharide is 1: 1 to 500: 1 in terms of solid content. Regarding

Fish broth used in the present invention (a)
Examples include sardines, squid, pollack, mackerel, saury, salmon, trout, quail, bonito, tuna, sardines, sardines, hoe, krill, onago, konago, dace, shark, etc. Boiled soup can be mentioned. Examples of boiled shellfish (a) include scallops, sea urchins, abalone, hooks, clams, clams, and red shells, and crustaceans such as crabs and shrimps.

It is possible to add various additives to the above-mentioned broth (a) for the purpose of attracting fish and shellfish and improving the taste. Examples of such additives include soybean meal (okara), kelp, seaweed, seaweed, arame, vitamins,
Fish oil, diatomaceous earth, brown meal, pumpkin, mashed potatoes, bran, beer dregs, coffee grounds, feather mill, bone powder, bran, sesame, dried powder of eggs, sperms, viscera of fish and shellfish, and raw mixture Can be mentioned.

In the present invention, the natural polysaccharide (b) used as the immobilization carrier is preferably one capable of entrapping or adsorbing the broth of fish and shellfish and capable of being cross-linked by polyvalent alkali metal ions. Examples of those having such properties include sodium alginate, arabic gum, pectin, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) sodium salt and the like. The amount of natural polysaccharide (b) used is (a) / solid content weight ratio.
(B) = 1/1 to 500/1, preferably 20/1 to 1
The range is 00/1. The above mixture of broth (a) and natural polysaccharide (b) can be gelled in the polyvalent alkali metal salt aqueous solution by itself, but in this state, the broth component of fish is on the gel surface. It is not suitable as a bait for fish and shellfish because it is separated and filtered out, and the gel strength is remarkably reduced. Therefore, it is solved by adding silica fine powder (c).

The fine silica powder (c) used in the present invention includes hydrophilic fine silica powder and hydrophobic fine silica powder having different properties depending on the functional groups on the surface thereof, and both types can be used. The hydrophilic silica fine powder is made of SiO ₂ and has a wide range of particle sizes from ₂ μm to 0.005 μm. In the present invention, 2 μ to 0.01 μ, preferably 1 μ
The optimum value is ~ 0.05μ. If the particle size is 2 μm or more, the strength is difficult to obtain, while if it is 0.05 μm or less, the hardness is too high or the viscosity at the time of mixing becomes high, and it becomes difficult to sufficiently mix. On the other hand, the hydrophobic silica fine powder preferably has a particle size of 2 μ to 0.05 μ. When the particle size is larger or smaller than this, the gel strength is remarkably reduced.
Furthermore, uniform dispersion during mixing becomes more difficult than when hydrophilic fine silica powder is used. Hydrophobic silica fine powder is intended to methyl group at the hydrophilic silica surface (-OSi-CH ₃₎ are bonded, whereby those exhibiting hydrophobicity.
Such hydrophobic silica surfaces exhibit different characteristics than hydrophilic silica surfaces. That is, the hydrophilic component is easily adsorbed on the surface of the hydrophilic silica, whereas the lipophilic component is easily adsorbed on the surface of the hydrophobic silica. This can adsorb hydrophilic components and lipophilic components of the broth of fish and shellfish used in the present invention, it is possible to avoid the exudation of the fat content described above, and the active ingredient of the feed in water. Can also be held stably. These fine silica powders are scientifically stable, have low toxicity to living organisms, and are materials that meet the object of the present invention.

In the present invention, the silica fine powder may be used alone, or further, the hydrophilic silica fine powder and the hydrophobic silica fine powder may be mixed and used. The mixing ratio is determined by the broth of fish and shellfish, its composition, and the strength of the immobilization carrier,
Totally optional. The silica fine powder (c) used in the present invention has a solid content of the immobilization carrier and the components (excluding water) of the broth of fish and shellfish as the total amount, and the total amount is 100.
1 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 1 part by weight
50 parts by weight are blended. When the amount is 200 parts by weight or more, the hardness of the solid after water-dispersion or gelation is not constant, and the solid is easily broken in water. If the amount is 1 part by weight or less,
It is impossible to absorb the broth of fish and shellfish sufficiently.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned (a) to (c)
The target bait composition can be obtained by gelling the mixture in (2) or more (polyvalent) aqueous alkali metal salt solution. The alkali metal salt aqueous solution can be obtained by dissolving at least one polyvalent metal ion selected from alkaline earth metal ions such as magnesium ion, calcium ion, strontium ion and barium ion in water. The concentration of polyvalent metal ions causing gelation varies depending on the type of natural polysaccharide, etc., but is generally at least 0.01 mol / l, preferably 0.1
~ 2 mol / l. The method of inserting the mixture of (a) to (c) into water containing such metal ions is not particularly limited, but it is generally carried out by extruding from a nozzle or the tip of a die. The shape and size of the nozzle or die can be freely changed according to the desired size of the final gelled product. The mixture extruded from the nozzle or die comes into contact with polyvalent metal ions and easily gels. The gelled product thus obtained is taken out from water and dried to obtain the solid feed composition of the present invention.

[0010]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. Parts and% indicate parts by weight and% by weight.

Example 1 To 100 parts of tap water was added 5 parts of sodium alginate to obtain 6 parts.
It is melted by heating at 0 to 70 ° C and cooled to 30 ° C or less. Then, 45 parts of sardine broth and 25 parts of squid internal organs called squid goro are added to this and well dispersed or dissolved. To this solution, 5 parts of hydrophobic silica (PS # 530, a calcined product, manufactured by Cabot Corporation) and 10 parts of hydrophilic silica (trade name: Aerosil # 200, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) were added, and the mixture was thoroughly stirred with a disper. The obtained immobilization bait was put into an extruder, and 93.6 parts of clean water and calcium chloride (Ca
Cl ₂ · 2H ₂ O) was extruded into an aqueous solution of alkali metal salt consisting of 6.4 parts and immersed for 3 to 5 minutes. The size of the content outlet of the extruder was 5 mm × 3 mm, and the extrusion length was 5 cm. Then, the gelled food was taken out and dried at 50 ° C. for 48 hours and subjected to the test.

Example 2 To 100 parts of tap water, 10 parts of sodium alginate was added and kneaded at 60 to 70 ° C. using a kneader to dissolve. To this, 45 parts of sardine broth and 35 parts of squid goro are added and dispersed. Then hydrophilic silica (same as in Example 1)
10 parts and 10 parts of soybean dregs are added and further dispersed.
The obtained kneaded product was made to have a thickness of 3 to 5 mm on a polyester plate and adjusted to a size of 10 cm × 20 cm with a trowel, and this was mixed with 96.8 parts of tap water and calcium chloride (CaCl 2).
₂ · 2H _{2 O)} in the alkali metal aqueous salt solution consisting of 3.2 parts was immersed for 10 minutes, peeled off feed gelled with a spatula from polyester plate was further immersed in the gel for 10 minutes. This product was cut into a piece having a length of 5 cm and a width of 0.5 cm and dried at room temperature for 48 hours to prepare a bait.

Example 3 To 100 parts of tap water was added 3 parts of pectin, and the mixture was heated at 50 to 60 ° C. to be kneaded and dissolved. After dissolution, 50 parts squid, 27 parts soybean dregs, 18 parts wheat flour and hydrophilic silica (Example 1
The same) 2 parts were added and dispersed while adding a high market share. This was a viscous substance with little fluidity. Then, the obtained kneading dispersion is put on a polyester plate to have a thickness of 3 to 5 mm.
It is molded on a plate with a trowel so that it becomes clean water 95
Part and 5 parts of ferric chloride (FeCl ₃ .6H ₂ O) were immersed in an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt for 10 minutes for gelation. This plate-shaped solidified product was cut into a piece having a length of 5 cm and a width of 0.5 cm, and dried at 50 ° C. for 48 hours to obtain a feed.

Example 4 3 parts of sodium alginate was dissolved in 100 parts of tap water by heating. Separately, 50 parts of squid goro, 2 parts each of hydrophobic silica and hydrophilic silica used in Example 1, 10 parts of calcium carbonate and 33 parts of soybean dregs were sufficiently dispersed,
It was added to the previously prepared sodium alginate solution and kneaded by heating. The obtained kneaded product is applied to a polyester plate with a thickness of 3 to
It was coated with a trowel to have a thickness of 5 mm, dipped in the alkali metal salt water used in Example 1 for 20 minutes, peeled off with a spatula, and dipped for 10 minutes for gelation. The obtained gel product was cut into a piece having a length of 5 cm and a width of 0.5 cm, and then dried at 50 ° C. for 48 hours to obtain a feed.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 In Example 1, the material excluding the fine silica powder was used as the feed. Comparative Example 2 In Example 2, the material excluding the fine silica powder was used as the feed. Comparative Example 3 A commercial product, No. 1 sea urchin (manufactured by Japan Agricultural Industry Co., Ltd.) was used as a comparative feed. The foods obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples were tested for the following items, and the results are shown in Table-1.

[0016]

[Table 1]

Shape: The sample is placed in seawater at 25 ° C. and left for 10 days. After that, the sample was taken out, and the state of the sample was evaluated by visual inspection and touch with a finger, and three-step evaluation was performed, that is, softening, disintegration, and no change. Floating time: Put the sample in a seawater tank at 25 ° C and measure the time until the start of sedimentation. Settling velocity: Seawater was placed in a cylinder having a diameter of 10 cm and a length of 30 cm and maintained at 25 ° C., and a sample was placed therein to measure the time from the start of settling to the bottom of the cylinder, which was shown in cm / sec. Extraction of ingredients: Put 10 g of sample in seawater and leave at 25 ° C. for 2 days. Next, seawater was placed in a 6 cc test tube, and the number of colors was measured using a Helige comparator to evaluate the degree of component elution. The number of colors is No. It is from 1 to 9, and the larger the number is, the more the eluted components are.

[0018]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The fish and shellfish feed composition of the present invention uses silica to solidify the broth produced as a by-product during the production of fish meal, thereby separating and brewing the broth components from the gelled surface. It is highly practical and has improved gel strength.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Inventor Yasushi Yasushi 4-17-1, Higashi-Hachiman, Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa Kansai Paint Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takazo Iida 4--17-1, Higashi-Hachiman, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A mixture of (a) broth of fish and shellfish and (b) a natural polysaccharide which can be crosslinked by polyvalent alkali metal ions, and (c) a fine silica powder as described above in (a). ) And (b) 1 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the total solid content is mixed and gelled in an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt having a valence of 2 or more. 2. The feed composition for fish and shellfish according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the broth of the fish and shellfish and the natural polysaccharide is 1: 1 to 500: 1 in terms of solid content.