JPH0557470B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0557470B2
JPH0557470B2 JP6370688A JP6370688A JPH0557470B2 JP H0557470 B2 JPH0557470 B2 JP H0557470B2 JP 6370688 A JP6370688 A JP 6370688A JP 6370688 A JP6370688 A JP 6370688A JP H0557470 B2 JPH0557470 B2 JP H0557470B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
roll
gasket
coating
metal
vacuum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP6370688A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH01238772A (en
Inventor
Yasuhiro Kobayashi
Masao Iguchi
Kazuhiro Suzuki
Fumihito Suzuki
Tsuneo Nagamine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JFE Steel Corp
Ulvac Inc
Original Assignee
Ulvac Inc
Nihon Shinku Gijutsu KK
Kawasaki Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ulvac Inc, Nihon Shinku Gijutsu KK, Kawasaki Steel Corp filed Critical Ulvac Inc
Priority to JP6370688A priority Critical patent/JPH01238772A/en
Publication of JPH01238772A publication Critical patent/JPH01238772A/en
Publication of JPH0557470B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0557470B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

(産業上の利用分野) この発明は、温度変化の激しい部分に用いて好
適な真空シール用金属製ガスケツトに関する。 (従来の技術) 各種の素材に、蒸着、イオンプレーテイング等
により薄膜を形成させ表面を改質する技術が、極
めて広汎に実施されている。すなわちガラス表面
への別種のセラミツクコーテイング、ドリルやバ
イト等の工具へのTiNまたはTiCコーテイングお
よび鋼板への亜鉛蒸着などが典型的な例である。 これらの技術は真空中で行うのが常で、また蒸
着前の基板を所定の温度に加熱することにより、
被膜との密着性を向上させている。例えば金属ス
トリツプなどの長尺物に対し、真空槽内で連続的
に蒸着して被膜を形成する処理には、長尺物を真
空槽内で搬送し、かつ、被膜との密着性を向上さ
せるために室温以上の所定温度に加熱し得る回転
ロール(以下加熱ロールと示す)を真空槽内に設
置することが不可欠である。 通常用いられる加熱ロール断面を第1図に示
す。 図中1a,1bはロール軸であり、その軸端部
はウイルソンシールまたはゴム製Oリングを用い
た真空シールなどを介して大気側へ出され、ベア
リングで保持されている。 また、2a,2bは円盤状のロール端面、3は
ロール銅、4はヒーター、5,6および7はグラ
フアイト等で形成された摺動リング、そして8は
パイプで内部にヒーター4に接続するリード線が
挿入されている。なおロール軸1bとパイプ8と
の〓間から加熱ロール内部へ大気を導入し、パイ
プ8およびヒーター4は非回転状態で空気中にあ
り、ロール軸1a,1b、ロール端面2a,2b
およびロール銅3の真空中で回転する構造にな
る。このような構造とするのは、加熱ロール内部
に大気を導入して熱伝導を高めて、ロール表面の
昇温を速くするためである。なぜなら加熱ロール
内部が真空であると、ヒーターの輻射熱のみでロ
ール銅を昇温することになつて、所定温度に到達
するのに極めて長時間を要する。 ところでヒーターは長時間の運転を経ると断線
に至るため適宜交換する必要があるが、その際ロ
ール端面2a,2bおよびロール胴3を取外し可
能な構造とし、ロール端面とロール胴とを切離す
ことによつて内部のヒーター交換を行う。第1図
bに同図aにおけるA部を切離した状態を示す。
加熱ロールの内部から空気が漏れないように、ロ
ール端面2bとロール胴3との間には金属製ガス
ケツト9を介在させて真空シールを施してある。
図中10はロール端面2bに形成した金属製ガス
ケツト9を嵌め込む溝で、金属製ガスケツト9を
はめ込んだ後ロール胴3に形成した断面三角形状
の突起11を金属製ガスケツト9に押付ける。次
にA−A′線に沿う方向にロール端面2bとロー
ル胴3とをボルト(図示せず)締めし、真空シー
ルを施すのが一般的である。 そしてヒーター断線時は締付けボルトを取外し
ロール端面2bとロール胴部3とを分離させ、ロ
ール軸を抜出し、付帯しているヒーターの交換を
行うわけである。 (発明が解決しようとする課題) 前述したように、加熱ロールは真空中で所定温
度に保持されて回転するが、イオンプレーテイン
グなどの処理では200℃から600℃程度の基板温度
が必要であることから、加熱ロールも基板温度と
同程度以上の温度に昇温される。特に400℃を越
えるような温度に保持される場合、一般に使用さ
れているCu製ガスケツトではその表面が酸化す
る問題がある。 また第1図bにおいて示したように、真空シー
ルは金属製ガスケツト9に先端が三角形状の突起
11を押付けることによつてはかり、したがつて
ロール昇温時は、シール各部の熱膨張によりシー
ル性は良好になるが、ロールが冷却された場合、
逆に収縮するため、先端が三角形状の突起のガス
ケツトへのくい込みが不足することにより、リー
ク発生の原因となりやすい。さらにガスケツト表
面の酸化が進行するシール面の凹凸が顕著とな
り、突起とシール面の接触が不良となり、非接触
部からのリークが発生しやすい。また、くり返し
のヒートサイクルによつて酸化膜が剥離すると、
厚みの不均一を生じ、上述の欠点を増幅する。 そこでこの発明は、真空中の加熱ロールのくり
返しヒートサイクルなど、各種真空装置のシール
部に加えられるヒートサイクルによつても、シー
ル性の劣化しない金属製ガスケツトについて提案
することを目的とする。 (課題を解決するための手段) 発明者らは、まずガスケツト表面の酸化を防止
するのにガスケツト用金属素材の表面に酸化され
にくい金属、例えばAg、Au等を被覆することの
有効性について実験した。すなわち数μm〜数
10μmの厚みのAgまたはAuなどの被膜をCu製の
ガスケツト表面に形成し、室温→400℃→室温の
熱サイクルを繰り返し観察したところ、Ag又は
Auの被膜は点状に剥離し、下地のCuも酸化が認
められ、酸素親和力の小さい金属の被覆のみでは
解決できないことが明らかとなつた。そこで、多
種類の金属被覆に関して実験した結果、Ag又は
Auの被覆の上にさらにTiを被覆することにより
良好な耐酸化性を付与できることの知見を得てこ
の発明を完成させた。 この発明は、表面に、AgまたはAuの内層およ
びTiの外層からなる被覆層をそなえてなる真空
シール用金属製ガスケツトである。 上述のように、Ag又はAuのみの被覆では酸化
を防止できないため、この発明においては酸素に
対する親和力の弱い金属を被覆に用いるのではな
く、逆に酸化はされやすいが、表面に緻密でかつ
凹凸のない、酸化膜を形成させ得るTiの被覆を
形成し、酸化の防止をはかつた。 ちなみに特公昭61−10034号公報には、Cr、
Ni、AlおよびCoなどの金属を被覆し、素材の高
温耐酸化性を向上させることが開示されている
が、被覆層の表面に形成させた酸化膜と被覆金属
との密着性が不十分であることからガスケツトへ
の適用は難しい。すなわち熱サイクルの繰返しに
よつて、ガスケツトを押える突起との接触により
酸化膜が剥離しやすく、露出した金属が再度酸化
されて被覆の厚みが徐々に減少し、従つて長時間
の使用には耐えられない。 一方Tiは化学的に活性で各種のガスと反応し
やすく酸素とも親和性が大きいため、表面に酸化
膜が形成され、その保護性は強く、引続く酸化を
抑制することが可能である。 またTi自体とその表面酸化膜との密着性はす
ぐれており、前述のように被覆金属とが剥離する
ことがないため、Cuなどの金属製ガスケツト上
に直接被覆して使用することが可能である。 (作用) 次にこの発明の基礎となつた実験について説明
する。 Cu製のガスケツト上にTiを2μmの厚みで真空
蒸着させ、第2図に示す形状のフランジ12a,
12bを用いて締付け、室温→500℃→室温の熱
サイクルを5回繰返し、表面の観察を行つたとこ
ろ、ガスケツト14上の突起13a,13bの接
触部に点状のTi剥離が見られた。 他のTi蒸着部には変化がないが、突起13a,
13b接触部でのはく離により、ガスケツトを介
在させた真空シール部はリークが認められた。
Tiはく離の原因は明確ではないが、TiとCuとの
接合面が熱サイクルの繰返しと、圧縮応力の付与
及び除去により剥離したものと考えられる。 次に以上の結果から単層の被覆によつてはこの
発明の目的は達成されないものと判断し、多層被
覆の検討を行つた結果、従来の実験では効果の得
られなかつた、Ag又はAuの被覆上にさらにTiを
被覆する2層構造が顕著な効果を発揮することが
以下の実験にて確められた。 すなわち、Cuガスケツト上にAgを真空蒸着に
て片面あたり10μm蒸着し、さらにTiをイオンプ
レーテイングにより片面あたり2μm成膜したガ
スケツト及びAgに代りAuを10μm蒸着し、Tiの
成膜など同様の処理を施したガスケツトを第2図
に示すフランジを用いて、締付け、室温→500℃
→室温の熱サイクルを5回繰返し、表面を観察し
たところ、Ti表層の薄い酸化膜と金属Tiとの密
着性は非常に良好でその境面の剥離もなく、また
Cu−Ag(又はAu)−Tiの金属間の剥離も認めら
れなかつた。 なお金属製ガスケツト用素材としては、Cu以
外に各種の銅合金、Al、NiおよびFe等が有利に
適合する。 ここで下地被覆にするAg又はAuはCuの酸化防
止被覆としての役割でなく、上層のTiと基板金
属であるCuの中間にあつて、密着性の向上に寄
与しているのではないかと考えられる。すなわ
ち、フランジに形成されている突起が熱サイクル
の繰返しによつて反復してガスケツト表面を押し
つけることで発生する圧縮応力を緩和し、前述の
点状剥離を防ぐものと推察される。 またこの発明に従うガスケツトは真空中の加熱
ロールのシール部材に使用するのみならず、脱ガ
スのためのベーキング(加熱)処理を必要とする
真空槽シール部に使用することも可能である。 (実施例) Cu製のガスケツトに下表に示す被覆層を形成
し、上述した実験と同様の条件にて熱サイクルを
繰返した後、表面の観察を行つたところ、Tiの
はく離は認められなかつた。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a metal gasket for vacuum sealing suitable for use in areas subject to severe temperature changes. (Prior Art) Techniques for forming thin films on various materials by vapor deposition, ion plating, etc. to modify their surfaces are extremely widely used. Typical examples include coating glass with another type of ceramic, coating tools such as drills and bits with TiN or TiC, and depositing zinc on steel sheets. These techniques are usually performed in a vacuum, and by heating the substrate to a predetermined temperature before vapor deposition,
Improves adhesion with the film. For example, when forming a film on a long object such as a metal strip by continuous vapor deposition in a vacuum chamber, the long object is transported within the vacuum chamber and the adhesion with the film is improved. Therefore, it is essential to install a rotating roll (hereinafter referred to as a heating roll) that can be heated to a predetermined temperature higher than room temperature in the vacuum chamber. FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a commonly used heating roll. In the figure, 1a and 1b are roll shafts, the ends of which are exposed to the atmosphere through a Wilson seal or a vacuum seal using a rubber O-ring, and are held by bearings. In addition, 2a and 2b are disc-shaped roll end surfaces, 3 is roll copper, 4 is a heater, 5, 6, and 7 are sliding rings made of graphite, etc., and 8 is a pipe that connects to the heater 4 inside. Lead wire is inserted. Note that the atmosphere is introduced into the heating roll from between the roll shaft 1b and the pipe 8, and the pipe 8 and the heater 4 are in the air in a non-rotating state.
The structure is such that the copper roll 3 rotates in vacuum. The purpose of this structure is to introduce air into the heating roll to increase heat conduction and to speed up the temperature rise on the roll surface. This is because if the inside of the heating roll is vacuum, the temperature of the copper roll will be raised only by the radiant heat of the heater, and it will take an extremely long time to reach a predetermined temperature. By the way, the heater will break when operated for a long time, so it is necessary to replace it as appropriate. In this case, the roll end surfaces 2a, 2b and the roll cylinder 3 are designed to be removable, and the roll end surfaces and the roll cylinder are separated. Replace the internal heater. FIG. 1b shows a state in which part A in FIG. 1a is cut away.
A metal gasket 9 is interposed between the roll end face 2b and the roll body 3 to provide a vacuum seal so that air does not leak from inside the heating roll.
In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a groove into which a metal gasket 9 formed on the roll end face 2b is fitted, and after the metal gasket 9 is fitted, a protrusion 11 formed on the roll body 3 and having a triangular cross section is pressed against the metal gasket 9. Next, it is common to tighten the roll end face 2b and the roll body 3 with bolts (not shown) in the direction along line A-A' to provide a vacuum seal. When the heater is disconnected, the tightening bolt is removed, the roll end face 2b and the roll body 3 are separated, the roll shaft is pulled out, and the attached heater is replaced. (Problem to be solved by the invention) As mentioned above, the heating roll rotates while being maintained at a predetermined temperature in a vacuum, but processes such as ion plating require a substrate temperature of about 200°C to 600°C. Therefore, the heating roll is also heated to a temperature comparable to or higher than the substrate temperature. In particular, the commonly used Cu gaskets have the problem of oxidation on their surfaces when kept at temperatures exceeding 400°C. Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 1b, the vacuum seal is achieved by pressing a protrusion 11 with a triangular tip against the metal gasket 9. Therefore, when the roll temperature rises, thermal expansion of each part of the seal causes The sealing performance will be good, but if the roll is cooled,
On the other hand, because it contracts, the protrusion with a triangular tip does not fully penetrate into the gasket, which tends to cause leaks. Further, as the gasket surface oxidizes, the sealing surface becomes noticeably uneven, resulting in poor contact between the protrusion and the sealing surface, and leakage from non-contact areas is likely to occur. Also, when the oxide film peels off due to repeated heat cycles,
This results in non-uniform thickness and amplifies the above-mentioned drawbacks. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to propose a metal gasket whose sealing performance does not deteriorate even when subjected to heat cycles applied to the sealing portion of various vacuum devices, such as repeated heat cycles of heating rolls in a vacuum. (Means for Solving the Problem) The inventors first conducted an experiment to determine the effectiveness of coating the surface of a metal material for gaskets with a metal that is difficult to oxidize, such as Ag or Au, in order to prevent oxidation of the gasket surface. did. In other words, several μm to several
When a 10 μm thick film of Ag or Au was formed on the surface of a Cu gasket and the thermal cycle from room temperature to 400°C to room temperature was repeatedly observed, Ag or Au was formed.
The Au coating peeled off in dots, and the underlying Cu was also found to be oxidized, making it clear that coating with a metal with low oxygen affinity alone would not solve the problem. Therefore, as a result of experimenting with various types of metal coatings, we found that Ag or
This invention was completed based on the knowledge that good oxidation resistance can be imparted by further coating Ti on top of the Au coating. The present invention is a metal gasket for vacuum sealing, which has a coating layer on its surface consisting of an inner layer of Ag or Au and an outer layer of Ti. As mentioned above, coating with only Ag or Au cannot prevent oxidation, so in this invention, instead of using a metal with a weak affinity for oxygen for the coating, we use a metal that is easily oxidized but has a dense and uneven surface. A coating of Ti, which can form an oxide film, was formed to prevent oxidation. By the way, in Special Publication No. 61-10034, Cr,
It has been disclosed that coating metals such as Ni, Al, and Co can improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of materials, but the adhesion between the oxide film formed on the surface of the coating layer and the coating metal is insufficient. For this reason, it is difficult to apply it to gaskets. In other words, due to repeated thermal cycles, the oxide film tends to peel off due to contact with the protrusions that press down on the gasket, and the exposed metal is oxidized again, gradually reducing the thickness of the coating, making it durable for long-term use. I can't. On the other hand, Ti is chemically active, easily reacts with various gases, and has a high affinity with oxygen, so an oxide film is formed on the surface, which has strong protective properties and can suppress subsequent oxidation. In addition, the adhesion between Ti itself and its surface oxide film is excellent, and as mentioned above, the coating metal will not peel off, so it can be used by directly coating it on metal gaskets such as Cu. be. (Operation) Next, the experiment that formed the basis of this invention will be explained. Ti is vacuum-deposited to a thickness of 2 μm on a gasket made of Cu, and a flange 12a having the shape shown in FIG.
When the gasket 12b was tightened and the heat cycle of room temperature → 500° C. → room temperature was repeated five times and the surface was observed, point-like peeling of Ti was observed at the contact area between the protrusions 13a and 13b on the gasket 14. There is no change in other Ti vapor deposited parts, but the protrusions 13a,
Due to peeling at the 13b contact area, leakage was observed in the vacuum sealed area with the gasket interposed.
Although the cause of Ti peeling is not clear, it is thought that the bonding surface between Ti and Cu peeled off due to repeated thermal cycles and the application and removal of compressive stress. Next, based on the above results, we determined that the purpose of the present invention could not be achieved with a single-layer coating, and as a result of considering a multi-layer coating, we found that Ag or Au, which had no effect in conventional experiments, was used. It was confirmed in the following experiment that a two-layer structure in which Ti is further coated on top of the coating exhibits a remarkable effect. That is, a gasket in which 10 μm of Ag was deposited on one side by vacuum evaporation on a Cu gasket, and a 2 μm thick film of Ti was deposited on each side by ion plating, and 10 μm of Au was deposited instead of Ag, and the same process was performed such as forming a Ti film. Tighten the gasket with the flange shown in Figure 2 and heat it from room temperature to 500℃.
→After repeating the thermal cycle at room temperature 5 times and observing the surface, it was found that the adhesion between the thin oxide film on the Ti surface layer and the metal Ti was very good, and there was no peeling at the interface.
No peeling between Cu-Ag (or Au)-Ti metals was observed. In addition to Cu, various copper alloys, Al, Ni, Fe, etc. are advantageously suitable as materials for the metal gasket. Here, we believe that the Ag or Au used as the base coating does not serve as an oxidation-preventing coating for Cu, but rather is located between the upper layer Ti and the substrate metal Cu, contributing to improved adhesion. It will be done. That is, it is presumed that the protrusions formed on the flange relieve the compressive stress generated by repeatedly pressing against the gasket surface due to repeated thermal cycles, thereby preventing the above-mentioned point peeling. Further, the gasket according to the present invention can be used not only as a sealing member for a heating roll in a vacuum, but also as a sealing part of a vacuum chamber that requires baking (heating) treatment for degassing. (Example) After forming the coating layer shown in the table below on a Cu gasket and repeating thermal cycles under the same conditions as the above experiment, the surface was observed, and no peeling of Ti was observed. Ta.

【表】 なお被覆層の形成は上表に示した方法のほか、
スパツタリング、気相成長法も適用が可能であ
る。 (発明の効果) この発明によれば、繰返しの熱サイクルにさら
されても表面の酸化がない、すなわちシール部の
気密性を高め得る金属製ガスケツトを提供でき
る。
[Table] In addition to the methods shown in the table above, the coating layer can be formed using the methods shown in the table above.
Sputtering and vapor phase growth methods can also be applied. (Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a metal gasket whose surface is not oxidized even when exposed to repeated thermal cycles, that is, which can improve the airtightness of the sealing portion.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図aは金属ストリツプの連続蒸着設備に適
用する加熱ロールの断面図、同時bは同図aにお
けるA部のシール機構を示す説明図、第2図はフ
ランジによるガスケツトの締付けを示す説明図で
ある。 1a,1b……ロール軸、2a,2b……ロー
ル端面、3……ロール胴、4……ヒーター、5,
6,7……摺動リング、8……パイプ、9,14
……金属製ガスケツト、10……溝、11,13
a,13b……突起、12a,12b…フラン
ジ。
Figure 1a is a sectional view of a heating roll applied to continuous metal strip vapor deposition equipment, Figure 1b is an explanatory diagram showing the sealing mechanism of section A in Figure a, and Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the tightening of a gasket by a flange. It is. 1a, 1b...roll shaft, 2a, 2b...roll end surface, 3...roll cylinder, 4...heater, 5,
6, 7...Sliding ring, 8...Pipe, 9,14
...Metal gasket, 10...Groove, 11, 13
a, 13b... protrusion, 12a, 12b... flange.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 表面に、AgまたはAuの内層およびTiの外層
からなる被覆層をそなえてなる真空シール用金属
製ガスケツト。
1. A metal gasket for vacuum sealing, the surface of which is provided with a coating layer consisting of an inner layer of Ag or Au and an outer layer of Ti.
JP6370688A 1988-03-18 1988-03-18 Metal gasket for vacuum seal Granted JPH01238772A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6370688A JPH01238772A (en) 1988-03-18 1988-03-18 Metal gasket for vacuum seal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP6370688A JPH01238772A (en) 1988-03-18 1988-03-18 Metal gasket for vacuum seal

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH01238772A JPH01238772A (en) 1989-09-22
JPH0557470B2 true JPH0557470B2 (en) 1993-08-24

Family

ID=13237086

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP6370688A Granted JPH01238772A (en) 1988-03-18 1988-03-18 Metal gasket for vacuum seal

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JP (1) JPH01238772A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114999679B (en) * 2022-05-26 2025-08-26 华能山东石岛湾核电有限公司 A vacuum packaging method for large-diameter and small-section silver-plated sealing rings for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors

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JPH01238772A (en) 1989-09-22

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