JPH0571483U - Multi-plate damper using viscous fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] With a movable shaft that is rotated or pulled by an external force,
A viscous fluid filled between the rotating or towed movable plate and the alternating fixed plates prevents the damage of the movable plate and fixed plate due to locally applied excessive load with a damper that exerts resistance. It also makes it easier to adjust the resistance. A movable plate 6 that rotates together with a movable shaft 2 that rotates with an external force, and a fixed plate 7 that is interleaved with the movable plate 2 and that does not interlock with the movable shaft 2 are arranged in a viscous fluid A inside a casing 1. It The fixed plate 7 engages with the casing 1 and is held stationary even if the movable plate 6 rotates. However, the fixed plate 7 is movable in the thickness direction of the fixed plate 7, and the movable plate 6 is also movable. It is variable in the thickness direction, and when it is operated by an external force, the fixed plate 7 and the movable plate 6 are freely displaced so that the distance between the plates is made uniform, and a local excessive load is avoided without labor.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention uses a polymer viscous fluid such as polyisobutylene and other viscous fluids to obtain a resistance force by utilizing the viscous shear resistance, and the resistance force exerts a buffering action against external force, that is, a braking force. The present invention relates to a damper that can be used for various purposes.

[0002]

[Prior Art]

 As is well known, a conventional damper has been widely used in which oil is used so as to utilize turbulent flow resistance when the oil passes through a narrow gap. However, when using the shock absorber, high precision is required for the above clearance in order to obtain braking with a predetermined resistance force, and when a shocking external force is applied, oil is Since it is incompressible, the external force is applied to each member as it is.As a result, high strength is required, which causes a problem that the size becomes large. There is also a risk that problems such as accidents will occur.

Therefore, in order to eliminate the defect of the above-mentioned conventional damper, a viscous fluid having a high viscosity is placed between two adjacent surfaces of two objects that perform relative movement, and the above-described relative movement is performed. A shock absorber of a type that utilizes the generated viscous shear resistance of the viscous fluid and obtains a resistance force to an external force without generating an internal pressure increase in the viscous fluid has already been developed. The initial dampers according to the above method include a desired plurality of disk-shaped movable plates axially mounted orthogonally to the rotation axis in the casing, and another disk fixed between the movable plates and fixed to the casing. It is known that a fixed plate in the shape of a cylinder is arranged, and the viscous fluid in the filled casing is distributed between the plate surfaces of the movable plate and the fixed plate.

Therefore, the above-mentioned damper causes an external force as a rotational force to be applied to the rotary shaft, thereby moving the movable plate axially mounted on the rotary shaft and the fixed plate fixed to the casing relative to each other. The viscous fluid's viscous shear resistance is used to exert a buffering effect on the external force.At this time, since both the movable plate and the fixed plate are in a fixed state at the predetermined positions, If the distances between the plates are not matched with high precision and evenly, the viscous shear resistance due to the viscous fluid will increase as the distance between the plates decreases. As a result, a large amount of resistance force is applied between the plates at the relevant location, and an unreasonable force is applied to the relevant material, resulting in damage.

As a result, not only the precision required for manufacturing is required, but the viscous shear resistance described above is proportional to the facing area of both plates. Even if it is desired to set the drag force to a different set value, the positions of both plates are fixed, and therefore the requirement cannot be satisfied unless a new damper is manufactured. Therefore, in order to further correct the defects of the initial damper, a multi-plate rotary damper using a viscous fluid as shown in FIG. 9 has been proposed (Actual Publication No. 57-39644). A) and (B).

That is, the damper has a rotatable shaft c that penetrates into a casing a by a rotary arm b to which an external force is applied similarly to the initial damper, and is orthogonal to the rotary shaft c. Although it has a plurality of movable plates d, d, ... fixed by welding means or the like, the fixed plates e, e ... are not fixed to the casing a, but the plates e, e .... By engaging the engaging vertical protrusions g, g protruding from the inner peripheral wall of the casing a with the engaging grooves f, f of the casing a, rotation of the fixing plates e, e. In the same figure (A), the vertical direction has a degree of freedom. Of course, the casing a is filled with the viscous fluid.

With the improved conventional damper described above, even if an inconvenient vertical force is applied to the fixing plates e, e ..., The plates e, e. Since the structure is movable, it is possible to absorb the external force, avoid damage to the members, and further, even if the specific fixed plate e is in the state of being adjacent to the adjacent movable plate d. By the rotation of the movable plates d, d ..., The viscous shear resistance of the viscous fluid between the movable plate d and the fixed plate e adjacent thereto becomes large, and as a result, the fixed plate e is automatically separated. Since the viscous shear resistance force is small, it moves to the other fixed plate e side, and this action (centering effect) always moves the movable plate space fixed to the rotation axis c to the position where it is flattened. The fixed plates e, e ... Cross resistance force is generated, in which it is possible to prevent damage of the member due to local abnormal viscous shear resistance.

However, even when the damper is used, since the movable plate d is fixed to the rotating shaft c, not only high accuracy is required for the mounting interval of these movable plates d, but also the resistance force is increased. Even if it is desired to separately set the above, since the distance between the movable plates cannot be moved, the set resistance force cannot be changed unless the plate area of the fixed plate e is changed. At this time, since the fixing plate e has to be engaged with the engaging vertical protrusions g, g, it becomes difficult to reduce the plate area, and in the case of this damper as well, it must be newly manufactured. You will not get it.

Further, generally, in this type of damper, it is required that the resistance of the damper is variably adjustable within a certain range. Since d, d ... Are fixed to the rotating shaft c, it is impossible to change the distance between the movable plate and the fixed plate, which is a factor that determines the resistance force, from the outside. As a result, there is a defect that the resistance force, that is, the braking force cannot be adjusted.

On the other hand, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-162631, each elastic ring is interposed between the members corresponding to a large number of movable plates and between the members corresponding to a large number of fixed plates in the above case. Then, by holding the movable plate group and the fixed plate group in a pressed state by a cylinder, a technical content is disclosed in which the distance between the movable plates and the fixed plate can be freely adjusted within a certain range. ..

The structure described above certainly has the advantage that the above-mentioned separation distance can be adjusted depending on the degree of pressing by the cylinder, and thus the resistance force due to the viscous fluid can be easily adjusted. When is pressed, both the fixed plate and the movable plate are fixed in the axial direction. Therefore, in the operating state, the fixed plate and the movable plate can freely slide in the axial direction. However, unless the accuracy of the elastic ring is increased, the distance between the fixed plate and the movable plate cannot be made uniform with high accuracy.

[0012]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 The present invention is intended to solve various problems of the above-mentioned conventional dampers, such as fixing both the fixed plate and the movable plate to the rotating shaft as before, or only one of the fixed plates. The idea of adopting a fixing means such as giving a degree of freedom in the vertical direction, that is, the thickness direction, or sandwiching an elastic ring between both plates is completely eliminated, and not only the fixed plate but also the movable plate is moved in the thickness direction. When the movable plate fluctuates by external force due to rotation or pulling by making the fluctuations freely, these completely free fixed plates and movable plates are in viscous fluid, and the above-mentioned centering effect (viscous fluid causes viscous shear Based on the effect of flowing toward a location where the resistance is large (a location where the distance between the plates is narrow), the distance between the plates is evened out. Use It is set to.

By doing so, it is possible to eliminate the problem that the viscous resistance is locally generated and the component is damaged, without requiring high precision in manufacturing. If the total length of the fixed and movable plates with the degree of freedom can be changed from the outside, the distance between the plates can be easily changed, and the resistance can be adjusted. Furthermore, let's make it possible to easily and quickly change the set value for the resistance force by simply replacing the fixed plate and movable plate that can be freely replaced with one that has a different plate area. That is the purpose.

[0014]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a movable shaft rotatable or towable by an external force, a required number of movable plates to be rotated or towed, and an alternate arrangement of these movable plates in a casing. The required number of fixed plates that are not interlocked with the rotation or traction of the movable shaft are arranged in the casing, and the viscous fluid in the casing is distributed between the plate surfaces of the movable plate and the fixed plate. In the damper, the fixed plate is immovable in the rotation or pulling direction of the movable shaft due to the engagement with the casing, but is movable in the thickness direction of the fixed plate, and We also intend to provide a multi-plate damper that uses a viscous fluid, characterized in that the movable plate also fluctuates in its thickness direction.

[0015]

[Action]

 When the external force is applied to the movable shaft as a rotational force or as a linear pulling force, the movable plate engaged with or connected to the movable shaft is rotated or pulled in the viscous fluid of the casing. At this time, a viscous shear resistance force due to the viscous fluid is generated between the movable plate and the stationary plate in a stationary state, and this acts as a resistance to external force, which serves as a damper. As a centering effect, the viscous fluid flows toward the location where the viscous shear resistance is large, so even if there is a difference in the mutual gap between the movable plate and the fixed plate, the viscous shear resistance creates a large gap. A viscous fluid flows in, which causes the movable and fixed plates that have both degrees of freedom to change, and the distance between all plates eventually equalizes the total free plate length, resulting in an unreasonable resistance force locally. It becomes a child that may be extinct that the trouble occurs, such as breakage of the member at stake.

[0016]

【Example】

 The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 8. FIGS. 1 to 4 show a multi-plate damper by rotating a movable plate and a fixed plate, and FIGS. FIG. 7 is an embodiment of the formula, and FIG. 7 is a rotary type in which the resistance force can be adjusted. FIG. Shows a heterogeneous example in which the above is facilitated.

Therefore, first, the rotary multi-plate damper shown in FIG. 1 will be described. In the case-shaped casing 1, the bottom wall 1a is provided with a bearing recess 1b, and the inner peripheral wall 1c is opposed to the bearing recess 1b. Vertically mounted groove grooves 1d, 1d ... Next, the movable shaft 2 is axially fitted on the central axis of the casing 1, the tip end thereof is fitted in the shaft receiving recess 1b, and the flange 2a provided on the upper part of the movable shaft 2 is fitted. The lid plate 3 fitted to the above is screwed to the upper female screw portion 1e of the casing 1, so that the square head portion 2c having the connecting screw hole 2b protruding from the flange 2a has the above-mentioned lid portion. It penetrates the plate 3.

The angular end 4 a of the rotary arm 4 on which a rotational force acting as an external force acts is fitted to the projecting end of the square head 2 c, and a retaining screw 5 is provided to prevent the arm 4 from being pulled out. It is screwed into the connecting screw hole 2b. Now, in the casing 1 thus closed by the cover plate 3, the polymer viscous material such as polyisobutylene as described above or the viscous fluid A such as pitch or high-viscosity water glass is contained. At the same time, in the viscous fluid A, the required numbers of movable plates 6, 6 ... And fixed plates 7, 7 ... In the illustrated example are arranged alternately in the vertical direction. , Are arranged as follows.

That is, the movable plate 6 is a disc having an engaging shaft hole 6a opened in its axis, and is vertically provided on the movable shaft 2 in the engaging groove portions 6b, 6b, ... Of the shaft hole 6a. By engaging the engaging projections 2d, 2d ... With the rotation of the movable shaft 2, the movable plate 6 also rotates. It can be changed in the thickness direction, and therefore can be moved up and down in FIG. 1 (A). Next, the fixed plate 7 is a circular plate having a fitting insertion shaft hole 7a formed in its axis and protruding detent pieces 7b, 7b ... Is loosely inserted in the fitting shaft hole 7a, the rotation of the coaxial shaft 2 is not transmitted to the fixed plate 7, and the rotation stopping projections 7b, 7b ... The fixed plate 7 is engaged with the grooved grooves 1d, 1d, ..., By this, the fixed plate 7 does not follow the rotational force, and the fluctuation in the thickness direction is the same as that of the movable plate 6. The middle 3a indicates the axial hole of the cover plate 3.

Therefore, when the above-mentioned rotary damper is used for a door checker or the like, when an external force acts on the rotating arm 4 as a rotating force, the movable plate 6, 6 ... .. rotates, and the viscous shear resistance force based on the viscous fluid A existing between the plate surfaces of the movable plates 6, 6 ... And the non-rotating fixed plates 7, 7 ,. In addition to acting, both plates having both degrees of freedom move in the thickness direction due to the above-mentioned centering effect, the plate gaps are equalized, and as a result, the plate free total length H in the casing 1 is equally divided. , Both plates will be placed in parallel.

Here, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, (A) is a case where the outer peripheral end of the fixed plate 7 has a thick peripheral portion 7c, and in FIG. The figure shows a case where the ring spacer 8 is axially mounted between the movable plate 6 and the movable plate 6. By doing so, both plates sink due to their weight when the damper is not in use. This is to solve the problem that the viscous fluid between the plate surfaces flows out to the outside, and the viscous shear resistance due to the immediate viscous fluid does not work properly when an external force is applied.

Further, in FIG. 2C, arc-shaped slits 6c, 6c are formed in the movable plate 6, and when the movable shaft 2 is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the viscous fluid A is applied to the slits 6c, 6c. 6c makes it possible to positively introduce the viscous fluid A from the outside to the axial center side so as to smoothly supply the viscous fluid A between the plate surfaces of both plates, and in FIG. By making the insertion shaft hole 7a large and making the outer diameter of the movable plate 6 small, the viscous fluid A is made to flow easily, and thereby it is attempted to ensure that a rapid alignment effect is exhibited.

Next, FIGS. 3 and 4 are also examples showing a rotary damper. In FIG. 3, the configuration relating to the movable shaft is different from that of FIG. 1 as follows. That is, the movable shaft 2 is not one, but is composed of the central shaft 2e and the eccentric shafts 2f and 2f, which are the engaging shaft holes 6a of the movable plate 6 and are the central shaft hole 6d and the eccentric shaft holes 6e and 6e. The rotation of the movable shaft 2 is transmitted to the movable plate 6 by inserting the fixed shaft 7 into the movable plate 6. Of course, the fixed shaft 7 has the three insertion shaft holes 7a, the center shaft 2e and the eccentric shafts 2f and 2f. Is formed to be large.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 also has a different configuration relating to the movable shaft, and the movable shaft 2 is in the flange portion 2a of the shaft body 2g having the square head portion 2c, and is engaged with the outer peripheral edge thereof. The tooth gaps 2h, 2h, ... Are provided, and the engagement tooth pieces 6f, 6f, ... Standing from the inner end edge of the engagement shaft hole 6a in the uppermost movable plate 6 are engaged with the tooth gaps. The engaging tooth pieces 6f, 6f of the movable plate 6 and the engaging tooth portions 6f, 6f of the lower movable plate 6 are provided in the engaging recess portions 6g, 6g. The rotation of the shaft body 2g is sequentially transmitted to the lower movable plates 6, 6 ... By this, the engaging tooth pieces 6f, 6f .. Has a size that allows it to be fitted into the fitting shaft hole 7a of the fixed plate 7.

The above is the damper in the case where an external force for rotating the movable shaft 2 is applied, but in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, viscous shear is applied to the external force for linearly pulling the movable shaft 2. The case where a resistance force acts is shown. In this embodiment, the casing 1 is connected to the main body 11a, the sub body 11b fitted laterally to the main body 11a, and the half-threaded screw holes 11c and 11d provided on the upper side of the main body 11a. The screw cover 11e is screwed into the mouths 11c and 11d, and the tip of the movable shaft 2 slidably inserted into the shaft hole 11f of the screw cover 11e is located in the casing 1. A joint 2j is pivotally attached to the shaft pin 2i so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction in FIG.

The joint 2j is composed of left and right shaft bearing pieces 2k, 2k and a lateral piece 21 that connects the left and right shaft bearing pieces 2k, 2k. The movable plate 6, the movable plate 6, and the guide pin 2m provided between the lower end portions of the shaft bearing pieces 2k, 2k. 6 are suspended by a guide hole 6d formed at the upper end thereof so as to be freely movable in the thickness direction, that is, in the drawing, left and right. On the other hand, the fixed plates 7, 7, ... Are located inside the casing 1 and are vertically mounted in an alternating arrangement with the movable plates 6, 6, .. The fixed plates 7, 7 ... Include horizontal projection concave grooves 1d 'formed on the inner wall of the casing 1 in a vertical arrangement, with retaining projections 7b', 7b '... It is immovable in the vertical direction by engaging with 1d '..., but in the horizontal direction, that is, in the thickness direction, it is movable like the movable plates 6, 6 ... A notch groove for avoiding contact with the guide pin 2m is shown. Of course, in this case as well, the viscous fluid A is stored in the casing 1.

Therefore, if the external force now pulls the movable shaft 2 upward in the figure, the movable plates 6, 6, ... In the hanging state also fluctuate linearly upward, and as a result, the movable plate is moved by the centering effect. The plate intervals between the plates 6, 6 ... and the fixed plates 7, 7 ... Are made uniform, and in the case shown in the figure, the plate free total length 8 which is the interval between the bearing pieces 2k, 2k in the joint 2j is The plates 6, 6, ..., 7, 7, ... Are evenly divided, and the viscous shear resistance force due to the viscous fluid between the plates is evenly exerted. Here, what is shown in FIG. 7 is the above-mentioned rotary damper, but since the present invention is constructed so that both the movable plate and the fixed plate are movable in the thickness direction, the adjustment screw 9 It has been shown that the resistance, that is, the braking force of the damper can be increased or decreased by a simple external operation such as screwing.

That is, in FIG. 1, unlike the one shown in FIG. 1, the movable shaft 2 is provided so as to penetrate the bottom wall 1 a of the casing 1, and the rotating arm 4 is attached to the lower end of the movable shaft 2. A pressing plate 10 is laid below the cover plate 3 on the upper end side of the cover plate 2. The adjusting screw 9 is screwed into the axial center of the cover plate 3 to cover the central projection 10a of the pressing plate 10. By screwing the fitted adjusting screw 9, the pressing plate 10 can be pressed freely, and the distance between the bottom wall 1a of the casing 1 and the pressing plate 10, that is, the total plate free length H can be adjusted.

Therefore, by screwing the adjusting screw 9, the above-mentioned H is reduced, thereby reducing the plate spacing when an external force is applied to the rotating arm 4 and increasing the resistance of the damper. Therefore, even if the viscous fluid A is full in the casing 1, the adjustment screw 9 can be advanced as long as the viscous fluid A can be compressed. The air layer may be left unfilled.

[0030]

[Effect of the device]

 Since the present invention is configured as described above, both the movable plate and the fixed plate can freely change in the thickness direction thereof, so that the centering effect when the movable plate is rotated or pulled by an external force. However, since it is exhibited in an extremely ideal state, and as a result, a highly reliable resistance force is always obtained and a large load is not applied locally, there is no problem such as destruction of members such as plates. Thus, it is possible to inexpensively provide a multi-plate damper in which the internal pressure of the viscous fluid does not rise even when an external force is applied.

Furthermore, the adjustment of viscous shear resistance force, which could not be realized by the damper of this type up to now, can be realized quickly by a simple operation such as screwing operation, and the design of the resistance force should be drastically changed. Even in this case, the objective can be achieved very easily by combining the movable plate and the fixed plate with different sizes or changing the number of them, without making a new one.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an embodiment showing a rotary damper according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a vertical sectional front view showing a main part thereof, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory perspective view of the overall assembly.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the damper shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a main part showing another embodiment of the same rotary damper as in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of essential parts showing a different embodiment of the same rotary damper as in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional front view showing an embodiment of the towed damper according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing the embodiment of FIG. 5 above.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional front view showing another embodiment with a resistance adjusting mechanism of the front same rotary damper.

FIG. 8A is a partially cutaway front view of a case where different types of fixed plates are used, FIG. 8B is a partial front view when a ring spacer is used, and FIG. An example plan view and FIG. 6D are partial front views in which a part of the casing is cut away according to another example.

9A and 9B show a rotary multi-plate damper using a conventional viscous fluid. FIG. 9A is a vertical sectional front view and FIG. 9B is a transverse sectional view.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Casing 2 Movable shaft 6 Movable plate 7 Fixed plate A Viscous fluid

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page (72) Yojiro Nakayama 1-8-11 Higashi-Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Inside Sugatsune Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Tatsuya Hayakawa 1-8-11 Higashi-Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. Sugatsune Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Seiichiro Tamura 1-8-11 Higashikanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Within Sugatsune Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A casing having a movable shaft that can be freely rotated or pulled by an external force, and a required number of movable plates that are rotated or pulled in a casing, and are arranged alternately with these movable plates to rotate or pull the movable shaft. In a damper in which a fixed number of non-interlocking fixed plates are arranged, and the viscous fluid in the casing is distributed between the plate surfaces of the movable plate and the fixed plate, the fixed plate is connected to the casing. By the engagement of
The movable shaft is immovable in the rotation or pulling direction, but is movable in the thickness direction of the fixed plate, and the movable plate is also movable in the thickness direction. Multi-plate damper using viscous fluid.