JPH0577880B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a compressor used in an air conditioner.

BACKGROUND ART One of the challenges to improving the comfort of air conditioners is to improve the start-up during heating, that is, to shorten the time from startup to hot air blowing. As a solution, especially in inverter air conditioners, the compressor is operated at high speed at startup, but in order to prevent refrigerant from stagnation in the compressor, which occurs before startup and is undesirable for the life of the compressor. , attach an electric heater such as a crankcase heater to the compressor,
The compressor is heated by the energization.

An example of the conventional compressor mentioned above (Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 142659/1983) will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a conventional compressor. In the figure, 1 is a compressor, with an electric motor part (not shown) in the upper part of a closed container 2, and a compression mechanism part 3 in the lower part.
has. In addition, lubricating oil 4 is placed at the bottom of the airtight container 2.
exists. On the other hand, 5 is an electric heater, which is provided at the bottom of the closed container 2. Further, a temperature detector 6 for the lubricating oil 4 is provided at the bottom of the closed container 2 for ON/OFF control of the electric heater 5.

The operation of the compressor configured as above will be explained below.

When the compressor 1 is stopped when the outside temperature is low, the temperature of the compressor 1 decreases due to heat radiation from the closed container 2, and the refrigerant starts to move to the compressor 1 and dissolve into the lubricating oil 4. However, when the temperature of the lubricating oil 4 falls below a certain value, the electric heater 5 is activated by the temperature detector 6.
is energized. Then, the electric heater 6 heats and raises the temperature of the lubricating oil 4 through the closed container 2.
Separate the refrigerant from the In addition, the compression mechanism section 3 and the electric motor section are also heated through the airtight container 2, and the compressor 1
Raise the temperature to make it higher than the outside temperature. That is, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from stagnation in the compressor 1 at low outside temperatures, and as a result, in the inverter air conditioner, the compressor 1 can be started at high speed, and the start-up performance during heating, that is, the comfort can be improved.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above configuration, a large amount of heat is radiated into the atmosphere through the closed container 2 in which the electric heater 5 is provided, and therefore, the capacity of the electric heater 5 is increased more than necessary. However, there is a problem in that power consumption increases when the air conditioner is stopped, that is, when the air conditioner is not in use.

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a compressor that can be started at high speed at low outside temperatures without using an electric heater, that is, without consuming excess power.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the compressor of the present invention includes a layer of adsorbent that uses water vapor as an adsorbent on the outer periphery of a container that has an electric motor section and a compression mechanism section inside. It was established.

Effects of the present invention With the above-described configuration, the temperature drop in the compressor after the air conditioner is stopped is alleviated by heating the compressor using heat of adsorption generated when the adsorbent provided in the container adsorbs water vapor. However, it maintains the compressor temperature at startup higher than the outside air temperature to prevent refrigerant from stagnation in the compressor.

Embodiment A compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a compressor in a first embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 7 is a compressor, and an electric motor part 9 is fixed to the upper part of the closed container 8, and a compression mechanism part 10 is fixed to the lower part. Furthermore, lubricating oil 11 is present in the lower part of the closed container 8 . Reference numeral 12 denotes an adsorbent layer made of silica gel, which is provided around the outer periphery of the closed container 8. The layer 12 of adsorbent is
It is in close contact with the airtight container 8. In addition, layer 1 of adsorbent
A fibrous heat insulating material 13 is wrapped around the outer periphery of 2. Note that 14 is a suction pipe, and 15 is a discharge pipe.

The operation of the compressor configured as described above will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Second
The figure is a graph showing the relationship between the equilibrium adsorption amount of silica gel and temperature.

During heating operation of the air conditioner, the compressor 7 is at approximately 90°C.
and high temperature. The state of the silica gel forming the adsorbent layer 12 is shown at point A in FIG. 2, where the amount of water vapor adsorbed is very small and the silica gel is in a regenerated state. When the compressor 7 is stopped due to the heating operation being stopped, the amount of heat stored in the compressor 7 is transferred to the suction pipe 14,
It begins to be discharged to the low-temperature outside air via the discharge pipe 15 and the heat insulating material 13, and the temperature of the compressor 7 begins to decrease.
Accordingly, the equilibrium adsorption amount of the silica gel provided in close contact with the outer periphery of the closed container 8 increases as shown in FIG. Therefore, the amount of water vapor adsorbed by the silica gel increases through the fiber-shaped heat insulating material 13, and the generated heat of adsorption heats the adsorbent layer 12, raising its temperature. As a result, the temperature of the adsorbent layer 12 is higher than that of the closed container 8, and the compressor 7 is heated by the adsorbent layer. Therefore, heat is released from the compressor 7 through the suction pipe 14 and discharge pipe 15, which are connected to the closed container 8 and have a small heat passage area, and the amount of heat released from the compressor 7 is greatly reduced. ,
The speed at which the temperature of the compressor 7 decreases becomes sufficiently slow. Additionally, when heating in general areas, the outside temperature can be as low as 0°C or below, and the temperature of each air conditioner is approximately 90°C.
The temperature drops from to the outside temperature. However, the equilibrium adsorption amount of silica gel forming the adsorbent layer 12 is
As shown in Figure 2, the temperature increases rapidly between 50°C and 30°C. Therefore, when the temperature of the compressor 7 falls below 50° C., the compressor 7 is heated violently due to the heat of adsorption of the silica gel. Therefore, after the air conditioner is stopped, the temperature of the heat exchangers and piping other than the compressor 7 decreases to the outside temperature, but the temperature of the compressor 7 does not decrease to the outside temperature. That is, since the temperature of the compressor 7 is higher than that of other devices, the refrigerant does not move to the compressor 7, that is, the refrigerant does not stagnate. Therefore, the compressor 7 can be started at high speed, and the air conditioner can be started up quickly during heating. In other words, comfort can be improved.

In addition, when the compressor 7 is operated on and off by the action of the indoor thermostat of the air conditioner, the heat loss due to the heat radiation of the compressor 7 when it is OFF is suppressed to a small level by the heat of adsorption of the silica gel, and as a result, the The temperature at restart is high, and the compressor 7 starts up quickly after restart. Therefore, the fluctuation range of the indoor temperature during ON-OFF operation is reduced, and comfort during ON-OFF operation can be improved. It also has the effect of reducing power consumption because there is less heat loss when it is turned off.

Furthermore, during heating operation at low outside temperatures, defrosting operation is performed in response to frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger. In the defrosting operation, the adsorption heat generated by the silica gel as the temperature of the compressor 7 decreases can be used for defrosting.
Defrosting time can be shortened. That is, the fluctuation range of the indoor temperature during the defrosting operation becomes smaller, and the comfort during the defrosting operation can be improved. In addition, the compressor 7 during defrosting operation
Since the temperature of the compressor 7 can be maintained high, the reliability of the compressor 7 can also be improved.

Further, since the silica gel is provided in close contact with the outer periphery of the compressor 7, the moment of inertia of the fixed system of the compressor 7 can be increased, and vibrations of the compressor 7 can be reduced.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a compressor in a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 12' denotes an adsorbent layer made of silica gel, which is provided in close contact with a portion of the closed container 8 that fixes the electric motor section 9. The other numbers correspond to those in Figure 1.
The same configuration as the embodiment is shown.

This embodiment has the same functions and effects as the first embodiment, but is particularly characterized in that the temperature of the electric motor section 9 is higher than that of other parts of the compressor 7.
That is, after the compressor 7 is stopped, the temperature of the compressor 7 decreases due to heat dissipation, but the heat of adsorption of the silica gel that increases with this decrease intensively heats the electric motor section 9 through the closed container 8. The temperature of the entire compressor 7 is maintained above the outside air temperature due to the heat of adsorption of silica gel, but the temperature of the electric motor section 9 in particular becomes higher than other parts. Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the compression mechanism section 10 due to high-speed startup is heated by the electric motor section 9 and its temperature rises, so that the air conditioner starts up quickly. In other words, it is possible to effectively use a small amount of adsorbent and improve the comfort of the air conditioner.

FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of a compressor in a third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 12'' is an adsorbent layer made of silica gel, which is provided in close contact with the lower part of the closed container 8.Other numbers correspond to the numbers in FIG. 1, and have the same structure as the first embodiment. shows.

This embodiment has the same functions and effects as the first embodiment, but is particularly characterized in that the lubricating oil 11 is heated to a higher temperature than other parts of the compressor 7.
That is, after the compressor 7 is stopped, the temperature of the compressor 7 decreases due to heat dissipation, but the heat of adsorption of the silica gel, which increases accordingly, intensively heats the lubricating oil 11 via the closed container 8. The temperature of the compressor 7 as a whole is maintained at a temperature higher than the outside temperature due to the heat of adsorption of silica gel, but the temperature of the lubricating oil 11 in particular becomes higher than other parts, and the viscosity of the lubricating oil 11 becomes lower. Therefore, during high-speed starting, power loss in sliding parts such as bearings can be reduced, that is, power consumption can be reduced. Furthermore, the solubility of superheated vapor of the refrigerant in the lubricating oil 11 is low, making it possible to start without forming and improving reliability.

Although silica gel has been mentioned above as an adsorbent, similar actions and effects can be obtained with any adsorbent that uses water vapor as an adsorbent. Further, the adsorbent layer can be provided in the closed container of the compressor by coating, meshing, or the like.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a layer of adsorbent that uses water vapor as an adsorbent around the outer periphery of a container that has an electric motor section and a compression mechanism section inside, and enables high-speed startup of the compressor. As a result, it has the effect of improving comfort and reducing power consumption during transient operation of the air conditioner, as well as improving the reliability of the compressor and reducing vibration.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a compressor in a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram of an adsorbent in the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a compressor in a second embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a sectional view of a compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of a conventional compressor. 8...Airtight container, 9...Electric motor section, 10...Compression mechanism section, 12...Adsorbent layer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A compressor in which a layer of adsorbent that uses water vapor as an adsorbent is provided around the outer periphery of a container that has an electric motor section and a compression mechanism section inside.