JPH0593512A - Incinerator for solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To incinerate simultaneously wastes that contain high moisture and are difficult to bun and wastes that have a high calorific value and are easy to burn with one incinerator and, further, prevent the generation of black smoke during the incineration treatment and try to eliminate smoke and bad odor. CONSTITUTION:A lower incineration chamber 3 where wastes B that are easy to burn are incinerated and an upper incineration chamber 2 where wastes A that are difficult to bun are incinerated communicates with each other through a flue 6. A burner 8 is provided in the upper incineration chamber 2, and a blower 5 which sends the combustion air is connected through air regulating valves 10, 15 to the upper incineration chamber 2 and lower incineration chamber 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applied to factories, schools, restaurants,
The present invention relates to an incinerator that burns solid waste generated in a food service center and the like, and particularly to an incinerator that simultaneously burns easily combustible waste such as plastic and flame-retardant waste such as kitchen waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among the wastes generated at factories, schools, restaurants, lunch centers, etc. of various companies, there are combustible wastes such as plastics such as food containers and packaging sheets, paper, and vegetable scraps. There are kitchen waste such as leftover food and solid, organic flame-retardant waste containing a relatively large amount of water such as sludge generated from wastewater treatment facilities.

When treating these wastes, flammable wastes such as plastics and papers, especially plastics,
It is burned in an incinerator because it retains its original shape without decaying even if it is landfilled. In addition, flame-retardant organic solid waste containing a large amount of water can be treated by landfill, but there is a problem such that a bad odor is generated due to the large amount of spoilage components, and in recent years the landfill itself It is becoming scarce and is being incinerated in incinerators as well as flammable waste.

[0004]

However, due to the difference in the individual properties and the calorific value between the flammable waste and the flame-retardant waste containing a large amount of water, they can be treated in a single incinerator at the same time. Depending on the type of waste that cannot be processed, different types of incinerators should be used, or even if the incinerator is shared, it is necessary to give different incinerator times, resulting in poor efficiency of use. It was a thing.

Regarding the incineration of plastics, since the incineration temperature becomes high, when incineration of a certain amount or more of plastic at a time, the amount of air becomes insufficient, incomplete combustion occurs, and a large amount of black smoke is generated. Furthermore, some types generate harmful gases, which makes the treatment difficult.

In view of the above, the present invention is capable of incinerating both flammable waste having a high calorific value and flame-retardant waste having a large amount of water at the same time, and capable of eliminating smoke and deodorizing solid waste. The purpose is to provide an incinerator.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the incinerator for solid waste of the present invention comprises a lower incinerator for incinerating flammable waste such as plastic and paper, kitchen waste, sludge and the like. A flue communicates with the upper incinerator chamber for incinerating high-moisture content flame-retardant waste, a burner is provided in the upper incinerator chamber, and a blower and air for sending combustion air to the upper and lower incinerator chambers. A control valve is provided.

[0008]

In the present invention, as a general combustion method, a small amount of flammable waste and a small amount of flame-retardant waste are put into each incineration chamber, and the combustion air from the blower is adjusted by the air adjustment valve. Meanwhile, sufficient combustion air is supplied to each combustion chamber for complete combustion.

As another combustion method, a relatively large amount of easily combustible waste is put into the lower incinerator, and the amount of air is adjusted by an air control valve while the combustion is gradually progressed over a period of dry distillation or Combustion similar to steaming may be performed.

In these methods, the burner in the upper incinerator is
It plays a dual role of incineration of flame-retardant waste and re-combustion of combustible gas containing unburned gas.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The incinerator 1 comprises an upper combustion chamber 2 and a lower combustion chamber 3
And a chimney 4 and a blower 5, and the upper combustion chamber 2
The lower combustion chamber 3 and the lower combustion chamber 3 communicate with each other through the flue 6, and the upper combustion chamber 2 and the chimney 4 communicate with each other through the flue 7.

A burner 8 is attached to a side wall near the flue 6 in the upper combustion chamber 2, and a vent hole 9 is formed in a lower portion of the burner 8. A blower pipe 11 extending from the blower 5 via an air regulating valve 10 is provided below the vent hole 9. A waste input port 12 is formed in the upper part of the front side wall of the upper combustion chamber 2, and an ash extraction port 13 is formed below the waste input port 12. Further, a grate 14 is provided at a place where the waste dropped from the waste input port 12 is placed.

In the lower combustion chamber 3, a blast pipe 16 extending from the blower 5 via an air regulating valve 15 is provided on the side wall on the side of the flue 6, and a waste inlet 17 is provided on the front side wall.
Are formed.

When such an incinerator 1 is used, first, in the upper combustion chamber 2, an organic flame-retardant waste containing a large amount of water such as kitchen waste such as vegetable chips and sludge generated from a wastewater treatment facility. A is input through the waste input port 12. Next, the burner 8 for combustion is ignited to incinerate the flame-retardant waste A. Although kerosene is mainly used as the fuel, waste oil such as starch oil may be mixed with kerosene and used. The mixing ratio varies depending on the air temperature, and the mixing ratio should be appropriately changed and the water content should be sufficiently removed before use.

Thereafter, the waste material inlet 17 of the lower combustion chamber 3
Add more flammable waste B such as plastic or paper.
At this time, if it is desired to process a large amount of flammable waste B at one time, after the large amount of flammable waste B is put into the lower combustion chamber 3, the ignition is performed by an arbitrary method to operate the blower 5. While controlling the air control valve 15, a small amount of air is supplied to the lower combustion chamber 3 from the blower pipe 16 so that the flammable waste B
Is gradually burned over a period of time such as carbonization or steaming. At this time, the air control valve 10 is closed.

In the lower combustion chamber 3, combustible gas containing unburned gas is generated from the easily combustible waste B, and the combustible gas is introduced into the upper incineration chamber 2 through the flue 6. Upper incinerator room 2
In the burnable gas, the burned gas is heated and reburned by the burner 8 to completely burn it to extinguish smoke and deodorize, and then is discharged from the chimney 4 to the outside through the flue 7. The complete combustion of the combustible gas promotes the incineration of the flame-retardant waste A in the upper incinerator chamber 2 and accelerates the incineration of the flame-retardant waste A. Further, since the flame-retardant waste A is placed on the grate 14, it is efficiently burned by the air supplied through the lower gap.

If the combustion air in the upper combustion chamber 2 is insufficient by being introduced from the ventilation hole 9, the blower 5
Is operated, the air control valve 10 is opened, and an appropriate amount of combustion air is supplied from the blower pipe 11.

In the above-mentioned combustion, the combustible waste B in the lower combustion chamber 3 is reduced in combustion rate while adjusting the supply air, such as carbonization or steaming, so that a large amount of flame retardance and Since flammable wastes A and B can be added,
It saves labor and labor cost, and the combustion reaction becomes slow, so that the loss of the furnace body is small and it can last a long time.

In the incinerator of the present invention, as a general combustion method, flammable waste and flame-retardant waste are put into the respective incineration chambers in small amounts, and the air from the blower is adjusted by air. Complete combustion can be achieved by supplying combustion air to each incinerator while adjusting the valve. Also in this case, the combustible gas including the unburned gas generated from the easily combustible waste enters the upper incineration chamber 2 through the flue 6, and is reburned by the burner. It is also possible to incinerate the flame-retardant waste and the flammable waste separately. Furthermore, a cyclone dust collector may be installed at the rear of the flue for the purpose of increasing the dust collecting effect.

[0021]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the present invention, the lower incinerator chamber for burning inflammable waste and the upper incinerator chamber for burning incombustible waste are connected by a flue, and the burner is installed in the upper incinerator chamber. In addition to the above, a blower for sending combustion air to the upper and lower incinerators and a control valve for adjusting the amount of this air are provided, so that flammable waste and flame-retardant waste are It will be possible to incinerate efficiently in one incinerator at a time.

Further, by reburning the combustible gas containing the unburned gas generated in the lower incinerator with the burner,
It can burn combustible gas completely, effectively eliminate smoke and deodorize,
Especially black smoke is eliminated. Moreover, by incinerating the flammable waste with a large calorific value in the lower combustion chamber, the incineration heat and the combustion heat of the combustible gas help the incineration of the flame-retardant waste in the upper incineration chamber to increase the incineration rate. The combustion efficiency can be improved at the same time, and the fuel of the burner can be saved.

Furthermore, since the incinerator is divided into the upper and lower parts, the incinerator becomes compact and the installation area can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of an incinerator showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Incinerator, 2 ... Upper combustion chamber, 3 ... Lower combustion chamber, 5 ... Blower, 6,7 ... Flue, 8 ... Burner, 10,15 ... Air regulating valve, A ... Flame-retardant waste, B ... Flammable waste

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A flue communicates a lower incinerator chamber for incinerating easily combustible wastes such as plastics and papers with an upper incinerator chamber for incinerating high-moisture retardant wastes such as kitchen waste and sludge. A burner for solid waste, wherein a burner is provided in the upper incinerator, and a blower for sending combustion air and an air control valve are provided in the upper incinerator and the lower incinerator.