JPH0596355A - Casting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To facilitate the casting work in a casting apparatus that performs vacuum casting or low pressure casting. [Structure] The mold 24 placed on the surface plate 22 is positioned on the container 50 holding the molten metal 52, and the airtight chamber 88 is lowered by the hydraulic cylinder 84 to cover the mold 24. In this state, the airtight chamber 88 is further lowered to bring the sprue 42 of the lower die 38 into close contact with the flange portion 78 of the stalk 64 held by the stalk holding device 82, and then further lowered against the biasing force of the constant pressure cylinder 58. If this is done, the tip of the stalk 64 will sink into the molten metal 52 and the cavity 4
0 and the container 50 communicate with each other. Airtight chamber 8 in this state
The pressure inside 8 is reduced, and the molten metal 52 is injected into the cavity 40 through the stalk 64. If the airtight chamber 88 is moved up after the molten metal 52 is solidified, the mold 24 and the stalk 64 are moved up accordingly, and one casting is completed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a casting machine, and more particularly to facilitating a casting operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one type of casting apparatus, there is one which is configured to include a mold, a container provided below the mold for holding a molten metal, and a stalk for communicating the container with the mold. This casting apparatus is applied to, for example, reduced pressure casting and low pressure casting as described on page 230 of "Casting (Standard Metal Engineering Course 8)" (Nobuhisa Tsutsumi, published by Corona Publishing Co., 1974). .. Position the mold above the container, move the mold downward or raise the container to bring them close together, and establish a stalk between the mold cavity and the molten metal held in the container, then depressurize the mold. Alternatively, a pressure difference is generated between the cavity and the inside of the container by pressurizing the inside of the container with a low pressure, and the molten metal is injected into the cavity through the stoke.

[0003]

In the casting apparatus of this type, conventionally, before the mold is placed on the surface plate, the stalk is fitted into the through hole formed in the surface plate so that the stalk is inserted into the container. Since it is designed to be set above, it is not possible to place the mold on the surface plate in advance and carry it into the casting machine.If the mold is conveyed by a transfer device or the like and transferred to the surface plate. There was an inconvenience that it would not happen. In order to eliminate this inconvenience, another mold is placed and the mold is placed, and the mold is conveyed to the upper side of the mold where the stalk is attached and overlapped, and the cavity and the stalk are brought into close contact with each other through these. However, if a plurality of surface plates are provided in this manner, the number of parts increases, and the structure of the device becomes complicated, resulting in an increase in cost. Further, since the stalk is integrally fixed to the mold after the pouring is completed, one stool on which the mold is placed must be temporarily raised when the mold is carried out, and the stalk must be extracted from the other stool. There was also the problem that it was troublesome.

In view of these problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a casting apparatus which can easily carry out a series of casting operations such as carrying in a mold, casting, and carrying out a mold after casting. ..

[0005]

The gist of the present invention includes the above-mentioned mold, container and stalk, and casting is performed by pouring molten metal into the cavity through the stalk due to the pressure difference between the mold cavity and the inside of the container. In the casting device, a stalk holding device having a holding member that holds the stalk so that it can be pulled out upward at a position between the mold and the container and that is biased in a direction away from the container is provided, and the mold is lowered. The base end of the stalk held by the stalk holding device is brought into close contact with the mold, and the mold and stalk are further lowered against the biasing force of the stalk holding device until the tip of the stalk is immersed in the molten metal in the container. There is a mold lifting device.

[0006]

In the casting apparatus configured as described above,
The mold is lowered by the mold lifting device, and first, the mold is brought into close contact with the base end portion of the stalk held by the stalk holding device. Then, the mold and the stalk in the close contact state are further lowered by the mold lifting device, and the tip of the stalk is immersed in the molten metal in the container, so that the cavity of the mold and the molten metal in the container are communicated with each other. Since the stalk is urged by the stalk holding device in the direction to separate from the container, the stalk and the mold are brought into good close contact with each other when the mold is lowered, and there is no fear of separation between the two.

[0007]

As described above, in the present invention, since the stalk is not attached to the surface plate but is held by the stalk holding device, the mold is placed on the surface plate and carried in, and is directly placed above the container. Can be located. Further, since the mold can be brought into close contact with the stalk and communicated with the molten metal only by lowering the mold by the mold lifting device after the completion of loading, it is not necessary to provide a plurality of driving devices to move the mold and the container up and down. , The work can be done easily. further,
After the casting is completed, the stalk is integrally fixed to the mold, but the stalk holding device is supposed to hold the stalk so that it can be pulled out upward, so the stalk is held as the mold is raised by the lifting device. The stalk is extracted from the apparatus, and it is not necessary to raise the mold to extract the stalk from the surface plate as in the conventional case, and the stalk can be directly carried out.

Therefore, the efficiency of the casting operation is improved and the manufacturing cost is reduced. Further, since the structure of the entire casting apparatus is simplified, the apparatus cost can be reduced and the apparatus can be downsized. Further, it becomes easy to automatically perform the casting work including the loading and unloading of the mold, and the effect of improving the maintainability can be obtained.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a vacuum casting apparatus will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, 10 is a machine frame. Machine frame 10 has four columns 12
And an upper plate 14 horizontally supported by the columns 12. A mold transport positioning device 16 is provided in the machine frame 10.
A mold carry-in device 18 is provided on the left side of the machine frame 10, and a mold carry-out device 20 is provided on the right side of the machine frame 10. The mold 24 placed on the surface plate 22 is carried from the mold carry-in device 18 to the casting position on the mold carrying positioning device 16 as shown by an arrow and positioned, and after the casting, is carried out from the mold carry-out device 20. It has become so.

The mold conveying / positioning device 16 is supported by four constant pressure cylinders 30 which also function as elevating guides. The piston rods 32 of these constant pressure cylinders 30 are urged by a constant pressure in the protruding direction, and are always in the most protruding state. Then, in this state, the mold conveying / positioning device 16 causes the mold carry-in device 18 and the mold carry-out device 2 to move.
It has the same height as 0.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the mold 24 is composed of an upper mold 36 and a lower mold 38.
A cavity 40 is formed by 8. Further, the surface plate 22 is formed with a through hole 44 having a diameter larger than that of the sprue 42 formed in the lower die 38.

A container 50 is arranged below the pouring position. A molten metal 52 is held in the container 50.

An elongated frame 56 is arranged above the container 50. Both ends of the frame 56 in the longitudinal direction are supported by piston rods 60 of a pair of constant pressure cylinders 58 that also function as elevating guides. The pair of constant pressure cylinders 58 are arranged between the container 50 and each constant pressure cylinder 30. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the frame 56
A through hole 62 is formed in the
Is inserted. The frame 56 is provided with a pair of holding members 66 and 68 that face each other with the center line of the through hole 62 interposed therebetween. Both holding members 66,
68 are arranged so as to approach and separate from each other.
Semicircular cutouts 74 and 76 are formed on the end surfaces of the holding members 66 and 68 that face each other.
A fitting hole is formed by the notches 74 and 76 in a state where the holding members 66 and 68 are brought into contact with each other by 0 and 72, and the stalk 64 is fitted into the fitting hole.

A large-diameter flange portion 78 is formed at the base end of the stalk 64. Since the outer diameter of the flange portion 78 is larger than the inner diameters of the notches 74 and 76 when the stalk 64 is held, there is no risk that the stalk 64 will move downward and come out of the frame 56. In addition,
The outer diameter of the flange portion 78 is smaller than that of the through hole 44 of the surface plate 22. Further, the flange portion 78 and the holding member 6
A seal member 80 made of refractory fiber is provided between the seal members 60 and 68.
Is provided. The seal member 80 has a disk shape, and a through hole for inserting the stalk 64 is formed in the center. The outer diameter of the seal member 80 is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 44 of the surface plate 22.

Each of the piston rods 60 of the pair of constant pressure cylinders 58 is biased in the protruding direction by a constant pressure similarly to the piston rods 32 of the constant pressure cylinder 30, and is always projected most. In this state, a space is formed between the frame 56 and the container 50 to allow the lower end of the stalk 64 supported by the frame 56 to be completely separated from the container 50, as shown in FIG. ,And,
Between the frame 56 and the mold transport positioning device 16,
As shown in FIG. 5, a space is formed that allows the lower end of the stalk 64 fixed to the mold 24 after casting to be completely separated from the frame 56. Further, both constant pressure cylinders 58 can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1 by a moving device (not shown), and as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG.
6 is moved to the outside of the machine casing 10 by the moving device.

In this embodiment, the constant pressure cylinder 58,
Frame 56, holding members 66, 68, air cylinder 7
The stalk holding device 82 is composed of 0, 72 and the like.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a hydraulic cylinder 84 is arranged on the upper plate 14. The piston rod 86 of the hydraulic cylinder 84 extends through the upper plate 14, and the airtight chamber 88 is held at the tip thereof. The airtight chamber 88 can be brought into contact with the surface plate 22 by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 84 to cover the mold 24, and a seal member 90 is disposed on the contact surface with the surface plate 22. Further, the airtight chamber 88 is connected to a depressurizing device (not shown), and the depressurizing device is operated in a state of being in contact with the surface plate 22 to depressurize the airtight chamber 88.

An air cylinder 94 for removing stoke is provided in the machine frame 10 near the mold carry-out device 20.

When casting is carried out by the vacuum casting apparatus constructed as described above, first, the platen 22 on which a new mold 24 is placed is carried in by the mold carry-in device 18,
It is positioned at the casting position on the mold transport positioning device 16. In addition, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2, the stalk 64 is transferred to the stalk holding device 82 that is moving to the outside of the machine frame 10.
Is attached. The stalk 64 to which the seal member 80 is attached in advance is attached to the holding member 66, which is in the contact state.
The flange portion 78 of the stalk 64 is inserted into the through hole formed by the notches 74 and 76 of the 68, and is supported by the holding members 66 and 68 from below via the seal member 80. Stoke 64 attached in this way
Are placed on the container 50 by moving the stalk holding device 82 into the machine casing 10.

Next, the hydraulic cylinder 84 is operated,
The piston rod 86 is extended so that the airtight chamber 8
8 is lowered. The airtight chamber 88 comes into contact with the surface plate 22 on the mold transfer positioning device 16 to cover the mold 24, and then the airtight chamber 88 is further lowered, so that the mold transfer positioning device 16, the surface plate 22 and the mold 24 have a constant pressure. The cylinder 22 is lowered against the biasing force of the cylinder 30, and the surface plate 22 is brought closer to the stalk holding device 82. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the flange portion 78 of the stalk 64 is inserted into the through hole 44 of the surface plate 22 and the lower die 3
8 is in contact with the lower surface and communicates with the sprue 42 of the cavity 40.

As described above, since the seal member 80 is sandwiched between the flange portion 78 and the holding members 66 and 68, the seal member 80 is elastic after the contact between the flange portion 78 and the lower mold 38. The flange portion 78 is elastically pressed against the lower mold 38 by the restoring force of the compression deformation. Further, as described above, the outer diameter of the seal member 80 is made larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 44 of the surface plate 22, so that the outer peripheral portion of the seal member 80 and the surface plate 22 and the holding members 66, 68.
It is strongly sandwiched between. As a result, the surface plate 22, the stalk 64, and the holding members 66 and 68 are substantially airtight, and the stalk 64 and the lower mold 38 are liquid tight.

By continuing the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 84, the airtight chamber 88, together with the mold conveying / positioning device 16, the platen 22, and the mold 24, is moved to the constant pressure cylinder 58.
The stalk 64 and the frame 56 are lowered against the biasing force of. When the tip of the stalk 64 is immersed in the molten metal 52 of the container 50 and the cavity 40 and the molten metal 52 are in communication with each other via the stalk 64, the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 84 is stopped and the airtight chamber 88 is lowered. Is stopped.

In this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinders 84,
The piston rod 86 and the airtight chamber 88 constitute a mold lifting device.

Next, the pressure in the airtight chamber 88 is reduced by the pressure reducing device, and the cavity 40 of the mold 24 and the container 50.
A pressure difference is generated between the inside and the inside. Due to this pressure difference,
The molten metal 52 is poured into the cavity 40 through the stalk 64. The molten metal 52 for one shot is filled in the cavity 40.

When the molten metal 52 filled in the cavity 40 is solidified, the pressure reduction is stopped, the piston rod 86 of the hydraulic cylinder 84 is contracted, and the airtight chamber 88 is raised accordingly. Since the piston rods 60 and 32 of the constant pressure cylinder 58 and the constant pressure cylinder 30 are always urged in the protruding direction, the frame 56 and the mold transfer positioning device 16 follow the rising of the airtight chamber 88.
Returns to the original position. Also, while the frame 56 is rising,
Since both holding members 66 and 68 are separated by the air cylinders 70 and 72, the stalk 64 separates from the through hole 62 of the frame 56 as the mold 24 rises after the frame 56 returns to its original position and stops. , Rises integrally with the mold 24.

As shown in FIG. 5, the mold conveying and positioning device 16 is returned to its original position, and the airtight chamber 88 is separated from the surface plate 22 and returned to its original position.
8 and the mold unloading device 20 are operated, and the surface plate 22 and the mold 24 after casting are carried out of the machine frame 10 by the mold unloading device 20. When the mold 24 is carried out of the machine frame 10, the air cylinder 94 is actuated and an impact force is applied to the stalk 64 almost at right angles to the axial direction. Even if the molten metal 52 in the cavity 40 solidifies, the sprue 4 of the lower mold 38
Stoke 6 because the plan department around 2 is still red hot
When an impact force is applied to 4, the vicinity of the flange 78 is easily broken and separated from the mold 24 and falls. These used stalks 64 are stored in a waste box (not shown) provided below the air cylinder 94.

In parallel with carrying out the mold 24 after the casting,
Another surface plate 22 having a new mold 24 placed therein is carried into the machine frame 10 and positioned at the casting position. Further, as indicated by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2, the stalk holding device 82 is once moved to the outside of the machine frame 10, and after the new stalk 64 is held by the holding members 66 and 68, the stalk holding device 82 is again moved into the machine frame 10. It is returned and placed on the container 50. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 84 is operated and the airtight chamber 88 is lowered, so that casting is performed in the same manner as the previous time. At the time of the second casting, the amount of the molten metal 52 in the container 50 is reduced by one shot, and therefore the descending amount of the airtight chamber 88 is increased by the amount of the depleting molten metal 52 as compared with the initial descending amount. .. In this way, since the suction height of the molten metal 52 in each time is kept constant, the casting work is always performed with high accuracy.

If the descending amount of the airtight chamber 88 is maximized during a plurality of injections, a molten metal replenishment signal or the like is output after the molten metal injection of that time to activate the molten metal automatic replenishing device or the like. And a new molten metal 52 is placed in the container 50.
Is supplied.

As described above, in the present embodiment, only one reciprocating operation of the hydraulic cylinder 84 is required to perform the casting work, and it is necessary to provide another driving device to move the mold 24 and the stalk 64 up and down. Since it does not exist, the work can be easily performed.

Further, in this embodiment, since the mold 24 is designed to be transported, cast, and carried out while being placed on the surface plate 22, the mold 24 is placed on another surface plate. There is no need to fix it, and unlike the conventional case, it is not necessary to vertically move the platen on which the mold 24 is placed to extract the stalk 64 from the lower platen by providing double platens. Therefore, work efficiency is improved.

Furthermore, in the prior art, since the stalk was removed from the mold after casting was completed by hand after the molten metal had cooled almost completely, the problem was that the design part also solidified and the work was difficult. However, in this embodiment,
Immediately after the mold 24 is carried out of the machine frame 10, the air cylinder 94
Since the stalk 64 is removed by, the stalk can be easily removed. Note that the mold 24 after the stalk 64 is extracted can be disassembled in the same manner as a normal heavy casting mold, and the product can be easily taken out.

In this embodiment, it is possible to automatically attach and detach the stalk 64 to and from the stalk holding device 82 by a dedicated device, and to carry in, cast in, carry out the molten metal 52 and the molten metal 52. The casting work including the replenishment of can be fully automated.

Further, in this embodiment, the stalk 64
Has a flange portion 78, but the flange portion 78 may be omitted and the base end portion of the stalk 64 may be fitted into the sprue 42. In this case, it is desirable that the opening of the seal member 80 be made slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the base end portion of the stalk 64 and be held by the holding members 66 and 68.

Further, in the present embodiment, the airtight chamber 88 abuts the surface plate 22 to lower the mold 24. However, a hydraulic pressure different from that of the cylinder for closely contacting the airtight chamber 88 with the surface plate 22 is used. It is also possible to lower the surface plate 22 with a cylinder or the like.

In addition, the present invention can be implemented in various modified and improved forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art, such as applying the present invention to a low pressure casting apparatus.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view (partial cross section) showing a casting apparatus that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view showing the mold and stalk periphery of the above apparatus in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a main part of a stalk holding device of the device.

FIG. 5 is a front view (partial cross section) showing an operating state of the above apparatus, which is different from that in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 24 Mold 40 Cavity 50 Container 52 Molten Metal 56 Frame 58 Constant Pressure Cylinder 60 Piston Rod 64 Stoke 82 Stoke Holding Device 84 Hydraulic Cylinder 86 Piston Rod 88 Airtight Chamber

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A mold, a container provided below the mold for holding the molten metal, and a stalk for communicating the container with the mold, the stalk of the molten metal due to a pressure difference between a cavity of the mold and the inside of the container. In a casting device for casting by injecting into the cavity via, a holding member that holds the stalk so that it can be pulled out upward at a position between the mold and the container and is biased in a direction away from the container. With the stalk holding device having the stalk, the mold is lowered to bring the base end of the stalk held by the stalk holding device into close contact with the mold, and the stalk and the stalk tip end are immersed in the molten metal in the container. The casting apparatus is provided with a mold lifting device that lowers the stoke holding device against the biasing force of the stoke holding device.