JPH0598276A - 潤滑油組成物 - Google Patents
潤滑油組成物Info
- Publication number
- JPH0598276A JPH0598276A JP3284083A JP28408391A JPH0598276A JP H0598276 A JPH0598276 A JP H0598276A JP 3284083 A JP3284083 A JP 3284083A JP 28408391 A JP28408391 A JP 28408391A JP H0598276 A JPH0598276 A JP H0598276A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atoms
- oil
- ester
- weight
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M111/02—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound
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Abstract
焼付防止性に優れた潤滑油を提供する。 【構成】 (A)ヒンダードアルコールと炭素数8〜
12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸とのエステル60〜95重量%、
および(B)ヒンダードアルコールと炭素数8〜12の
直鎖飽和脂肪酸および炭素数2〜50の二塩基酸とのエ
ステル5〜40重量%、よりなるエステル混合物を主成
分としたことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。
Description
しくは環境保護に寄与できる、生分解性、高温清浄性お
よび焼き付き防止性に優れた潤滑油組成物に関する。
構上、排気ガスに同伴されて未燃焼のエンジン油が排出
されるため環境汚染が懸念されている。すなわち、河
川、湖水、海で使用される船外機では、水中に排気ガス
が排出されるため、未燃焼油による水質汚濁が問題にな
る。またチェインソーなど森林で使用される伐採機でも
河川汚染につながる。
イクルエンジン油の生分解性に対する法律規定や規格化
に向けての活動が活発に続けられている。このため、生
分解性を有する2サイクルエンジン油の開発が行われお
り、オイルメーカー数社から既に販売されている。これ
らの油はいずれも基油としてエステル化合物(炭素数1
6〜18の飽和および不飽和混合系脂肪酸エステル)と
鉱油系溶剤とからなり、添加剤としてはアミノアミド系
無灰分散剤が添加されている。
るTC−WII(水冷エンジン)に合格しているが、最
近になって製造される船外機用高出力水冷エンジンや空
冷エンジンでは、潤滑油の熱安定性が不足することか
ら、リング膠着やピストン焼付を生じることが考えられ
る。
潤滑性を有する生分解性のある潤滑油の出現が求められ
ている。
有し、高温清浄性、潤滑性および焼付防止性に優れた潤
滑油を提供することを目的とする。
題に鑑み、さらに研究を重ねた結果、特定のエステルを
主成分とする潤滑油が上記の条件を満足することを見い
だし、本発明を完成するに至った。
ンダードアルコールと炭素数8〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸
とのエステル60〜95重量%、および(B)ヒンダー
ドアルコールと炭素数8〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸および
炭素数2〜50の二塩基酸とのエステル5〜40重量%
よりなるエステル混合物を主成分としたことを特徴とす
る潤滑油組成物を提供するものである。
ヒンダードアルコールと炭素数8〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪
酸とのエステル60〜95重量%、および(B)ヒンダ
ードアルコールと炭素数8〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸およ
び炭素数2〜50の二塩基酸とのエステル5〜40重量
%よりなるエステル混合物100重量部に対し、(II)
炭化水素系溶剤および/または潤滑基油30重量部以下
を含有させてなることを特徴とする潤滑油組成物を提供
するものである。
る。本発明において、主成分として使用するエステル混
合物は、(A)ヒンダードアルコールと炭素数8〜12
の直鎖飽和脂肪酸とのエステル、および(B)ヒンダー
ドアルコールと炭素数8〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸および
炭素数2〜50の二塩基酸とのエステルの混合物であ
る。
コールとは、水酸基のβ炭素原子が第4級であるものを
意味する。具体的には、炭素数5〜10の2〜4価のも
の、あるいはこれらの2〜3量体が好ましく使用され、
例えば、ネオペンチルグリコール、2−メチル−2−プ
ロピル−1,3−プロパンジオール、トリメチロールエ
タン、トリメチロールプロパン(TMP)、トリメチロ
ールブタン、ペンタエリスリト−ル(PET)、ジ−
(トリメチロールプロパン)、トリ−(トリメチロール
プロパン)、ジ−(ペンタエリスリトール)、トリ−
(ペンタエリスリト−ル)などが挙げられる。また、炭
素数8〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸としては、具体的には例
えば、カプリル酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリン酸、ラウリ
ン酸などが使用できる。なお、脂肪酸は、酸無水物、酸
ハライド、金属塩などの誘導体の形で使用してもよい。
(A)成分においては、これらの脂肪酸のうち異なった
2種以上のものが同一のヒンダードアルコールにエステ
ル化していてもよく、また、エステル化されないで残っ
ている水酸基を有していてもよい。
ルコールおよび炭素数8〜12の飽和脂肪酸としては、
上記(A)成分と同様のものが用いられる。炭素数2〜
50の二塩基酸としては、具体的には例えば、シュウ
酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、ピ
メリン酸、スベリン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、そ
の他さらに炭素数の多い酸などが使用できる。好ましく
は炭素数6〜40のものが用いられる。
ることができる。なお、式中、X1〜X4は同一でも異な
っていてもよく、それぞれ炭素数1〜4のアルキル基、
または一般式−CH2−OCO−R4で表される基を示
す。また、R1は炭素数1〜48のアルキレン基または
アルケニレン基を示す(但し、二塩基酸の炭素数が2の
ときはR1は存在しない)。R2〜R4は同一でも異なっ
ていてもよく、それぞれ炭素数7〜11の直鎖アルキル
基を示す。ここで、R1は炭素数3〜50の二塩基酸の
アルキレン基に、R2〜R4は炭素数8〜12の直鎖飽和
脂肪酸のアルキル基にそれぞれ対応するものである。
量は、基油全量基準で60〜95重量%、好ましくは7
0〜90重量%であり、(B)成分の含有量は基油全量
基準で5〜40重量%、好ましくは10〜30重量%で
ある。この範囲を満たさないときは組成物の粘度が適当
でなく、また(B)成分が40重量%を超える場合には
生分解性が落ちるため好ましくない。なお、組成物の好
ましい動粘度は6〜15mm2/s、@100℃であ
る。
ステル混合物を単独で用いてもよいが、必要に応じて炭
化水素系溶剤および/または潤滑基油が含有されていて
もよい。この炭化水素系溶剤としては、通常2サイクル
エンジン油に用いられるものでよく、例えば常圧におけ
る沸点が150〜300℃の石油系および/または合成
系炭化水素溶剤が使用される。具体的には、ストッダー
ドソルベント、ミネラルスピリット、灯油留分、ノルマ
ルパラフィン、イソパラフィン、プロピレンオリゴマー
などが用いられる。潤滑基油としては、通常潤滑油の基
油として使用されているものでよく、例えば原油を常圧
蒸留および減圧蒸留して得られた潤滑油留分を精製して
得られたパラフィン系、ナフテン系の鉱油、ポリ−α−
オレフィン(1−オクテンオリゴマ−、1−デセンオリ
ゴマーなど)、ポリブテン、アルキルベンゼン、アルキ
ルナフタレン、ポリグリコール、ジエステル(ジトリデ
シルグルタレート、ジ2−エチルヘキシルアジペート、
ジイソデシルアジペート、ジトリデシルアジペート、ジ
2−エチルヘキシルセバケートなど)、脂肪酸の炭素数
が直鎖でかつ7以下または13以上、あるいは分岐のポ
リオールエステル(トリメチロールプロパンステアレー
ト、トリメチロールプロパンオレエート、ペンタエリス
リト−ル2−エチルヘキサノエ−トなど)、ポリフェニ
ルエ−テル、フッ素系油、シリコン系油などが使用でき
る。
外の潤滑基油を含有せしめる場合は、本発明の特徴であ
る優れた熱安定性や潤滑性、さらには生分解性を損なわ
ないために、上記エステル混合物よりなる基油100重
量部に対して30重量部以下、好ましくは20重量部以
下であるのが望ましい。
性能をさらに向上させる目的で、必要に応じて公知の各
種添加剤を使用することができる。この添加剤としては
例えば、塩基性カルシウムスルホネート、塩基性カルシ
ウムフェネート、塩基性カルシウムサリシレート、アル
ケニルコハク酸イミド、ベンジルアミン、ポリアルケニ
ルアミンなどの清浄剤、ポリメタクリレートなどの流動
点降下剤、その他さび止め剤、消泡剤などが挙げられ
る。
た数種類併用して添加してもよい。添加量も任意である
が、通常、個々の添加量は基油100重量部に対して3
0重量部以下、好ましくは0.5〜15重量部である。
ていることから、特に船外機用、チェインソーなどの2
サイクルエンジンに適しているが、その他、モペット、
モーターサイクルなどの2輪車用エンジン、芝刈機、発
電機などの汎用エンジンなどにも好ましく用いられる。
さらに、4サイクルエンジン油、油圧作動油、ギヤ油、
金属加工油等にも使用が可能である。
によりさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は、これらに
何等限定されるものではない。
基本的な性能である生分解性と熱安定性について評価し
た。
法のうちのMITI法と呼ばれている)で行った。この
方法は培養温度が25℃で培養期間が14日間の試験で
ある。分解度は、 分解度=[(BOD−B)/TOD]×100 BOD:供試物質の生物学的酸素要求量(測定値)mg B:基礎培養基に活性汚泥を接種したものの酸素消費量
(測定値)mg TOD:供試物質が完全に酸化された場合に必要とされ
る理論的酸素要求量(計算値)mg で求められる。またTODは供試油の元素分析値から分
子式を計算して求めた。
を示す供試物質は、ほとんど生分解されるものと考えら
れており、本発明の組成物の生分解性基準もこの値に準
じた。
ー31巻、5号、229ページ(1989年))。これ
はガラスチューブを電気炉内に差し込み、油を空気で押
し上げる装置である。油はガラスチューブ内を通る際に
熱および酸化を受け劣化する。ガラス内壁に付着したラ
ッカー色の程度を付着物なしが10点、黒色が0点とし
たメリット評点で表す。エンジン試験によるピストン清
浄性とHTT評点には比較的良い相関性があるため、H
TTはエンジン試験にかける前のスクリーニング試験と
して活用されている。本発明の組成物においては、HT
T評点は5点以上を基準とした。結果を表1に示す。
較例の組成物に比べ、生分解性および熱安定性で優れた
性能を発揮する。
(オレイン酸)を主体にするTMPエステルである。本
発明の組成物と比べ、生分解性はあるものの、熱安定性
が劣っている。
の脂肪酸からなるPETエステルである。熱安定性は良
いものの、生分解性が低い。
も本発明の組成物を構成する(A)成分のみの使用であ
り、生分解性、熱安定性とも良い結果を示す。しかし、
各々単独では動粘度が6mm2/s、@100℃未満で
あり、2サイクルエンジン油基油としては粘度が低す
ぎ、潤滑性や焼き付き性が懸念される。また比較例5
は、本発明の組成物を構成する(B)成分のみの使用で
あるが、比較例3および4とは逆に動粘度が30mm2
/s、@100℃を超えており、単独では清浄性、流動
性で問題がある。
る(A)成分および(B)成分を使用しているが、混合
割合が本発明の組成物の範囲を逸脱するため、生分解性
が悪くなる。
分解性2サイクルエンジン油である。これらは基油の主
成分に比較例1のエステルを用いている。これらに比
べ、本発明の組成物である実施例1〜6は熱安定性が著
しく改善されていることが明らかである。また比較例9
はポリブテン基油の市販低排気煙型2サイクルエンジン
油であるが、熱安定性は良いものの、生分解性が低い。
また比較例10は鉱油系基油の2サイクルエンジン油、
比較例11は基油の一部がポリブテン基油の市販低排気
煙型2サイクルエンジン油であるが、熱安定性および生
分解性とも低い。
物は(A)成分と(B)成分を特定量併用することで、
2サイクルエンジン油に要求される適当な範囲の粘度特
性を有し、優れた潤滑性を付与し、さらには本発明の重
要な特性である生分解性と熱安定性について、同時に優
れた性能を満足させるものである。
イクルエンジンを用い、エンジン回転数7000rp
m、全負荷、プラグ座温260℃、燃料:油混合比2
0:1、3hrsの試験を行った
組成物は市販生分解性2サイクルエンジン油である比較
例7および比較例8と比べ、ピストンとシリンダ間の耐
焼き付き性に優れ、試験後のピストンにもリング膠着が
なく、ピストン清浄性が極めて優れていた。
荷(800W)運転で5hrs試験した。プラグ座温
は、発電機に装備されている強制冷却ファンの空気吸入
口を約50%カバーすることで、200℃に設定した。
燃料:油混合比は50:1(混合潤滑)で行った。
組成物は、市販生分解性2サイクルエンジン油である比
較例7、また鉱油系2サイクルエンジン油である比較例
10に比べ、リング膠着がなく、ピストン清浄性が優れ
ており、シリンダヘッドデボジットが極めて少なかっ
た。
試験 排気量45cc単気筒のチェーンソーエンジンを用い、
エンジン回転数9000rpm、全負荷、プラグ座温2
80℃、燃料:油混合比50:1(混合潤滑)、30h
rsの試験を行った。
組成物は市販の低煙型2サイクルエンジン油である比較
例11と比べ、耐リング膠着性に優れ、ピストン清浄性
が格段に優れていた。
れている点を幾つか例示したが、この他のエンジン試験
においても同様な結果であった。また本発明の組成物は
船外機用2サイクルエンジン油のNMMA(Natio
nal Marine Manufacturers
Association)規格であるTC−WIIに合
格しており、また船外機用2サイクルエンジン油の生分
解性を評価する試験法であるCEC L−33−T−8
2(日本のMITI法と生分解性試験の方法が異なる)
において、生分解性の基準である67%以上に合格した
(例えば比較例7が分解度67%に対し、実施例4では
分解度87%を示した)。
で問題となっているピストンリング膠着やピストン焼付
に対する問題点を解決する潤滑油である。
Claims (2)
- 【請求項1】 (A)ヒンダードアルコールと炭素数8
〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸とのエステル60〜95重量
%、および (B)ヒンダードアルコールと炭素数8〜12の直鎖飽
和脂肪酸および炭素数2〜50の二塩基酸とのエステル
5〜40重量%、よりなるエステル混合物を主成分とし
たことを特徴とする潤滑油組成物。 - 【請求項2】 (I)(A)ヒンダードアルコールと炭
素数8〜12の直鎖飽和脂肪酸とのエステル60〜95
重量%、および (B)ヒンダードアルコールと炭素数8〜12の直鎖飽
和脂肪酸および炭素数2〜50の二塩基酸とのエステル
5〜40重量%、よりなるエステル混合物100重量部
に対し、 (II)炭化水素系溶剤および/または潤滑基油30重量
部以下を含有させてなることを特徴とする潤滑油組成
物。
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3284083A JP2872465B2 (ja) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-10-04 | 潤滑油組成物 |
| CA002079512A CA2079512A1 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1992-09-30 | Lubricating oil composition |
| DE69216346T DE69216346D1 (de) | 1991-10-04 | 1992-10-02 | Schmierölzusammensetzung |
| AT92309033T ATE147096T1 (de) | 1991-10-04 | 1992-10-02 | Schmierölzusammensetzung |
| EP92309033A EP0535990B1 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1992-10-02 | A lubricating oil composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3284083A JP2872465B2 (ja) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-10-04 | 潤滑油組成物 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0598276A true JPH0598276A (ja) | 1993-04-20 |
| JP2872465B2 JP2872465B2 (ja) | 1999-03-17 |
Family
ID=17674038
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3284083A Expired - Lifetime JP2872465B2 (ja) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-10-04 | 潤滑油組成物 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0535990B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2872465B2 (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE147096T1 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2079512A1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69216346D1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000044972A (ja) * | 1998-08-03 | 2000-02-15 | General Sekiyu Kk | 潤滑剤の生分解性を向上させる方法、生分解性向上剤および生分解性潤滑剤組成物 |
| US7402610B2 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2008-07-22 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Carbonyl compound containing long-chain branched alkyl group |
| WO2010128658A1 (ja) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-11 | 出光興産株式会社 | 生分解性潤滑油組成物 |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05331481A (ja) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-12-14 | Tonen Corp | 2サイクルエンジン用潤滑油組成物 |
| DE4217961A1 (de) * | 1992-05-30 | 1993-12-02 | Fuchs Petrolub Ag Oel & Chemie | Umweltverträgliche und biologisch schnell aubbaubare Betriebsstoffe zur Umlaufschmierung von Motoren und sonstigen Aggregaten in Fahrzeugen und Arbeitsmaschinen |
| AU674024B2 (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1996-12-05 | Henkel Corporation | Biodegradable two-cycle engine oil compositions and ester base stocks |
| DE4313948A1 (de) * | 1993-04-28 | 1994-11-03 | Henkel Kgaa | Hydrauliköle mit verbesserter Dichtungsverträglichkeit |
| JPH07109477A (ja) * | 1993-10-15 | 1995-04-25 | Oronaito Japan Kk | 農業機械もしくは建設機械用の共通潤滑作動油 |
| WO1995018201A1 (en) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-07-06 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Biodegradable two-cycle oil composition |
| BR9509879A (pt) * | 1994-12-08 | 1997-09-16 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Compostos base sintéticos ramificados de éster biodegradáveis e lubrificantes formados a partir dos mesmos |
| DE69816843T2 (de) * | 1997-10-01 | 2004-04-15 | Unichema Chemie B.V. | Komplexaster, diese enthaltende zusammensetzungen und ihre verwendung |
| FR2792325B1 (fr) * | 1999-06-30 | 2006-07-14 | Renault | Fluides fonctionnels de non toxiques et biodegradables a base d'esters a chaines grasses de neopolyols pour vehicules automobiles |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL247300A (ja) * | 1959-01-14 | |||
| US3505230A (en) * | 1967-03-29 | 1970-04-07 | Monsanto Co | Functional ester base fluids containing corrosion inhibitors |
| FR2144559B1 (ja) * | 1971-07-05 | 1974-09-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | |
| FR2311088A1 (fr) * | 1975-05-15 | 1976-12-10 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Nouvelles compositions d'esters de trimethylolpropane et leur utilisation dans la lubrification des moteurs 2 temps |
| DE2551173C2 (de) * | 1975-11-14 | 1985-09-12 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Neutrale Komplexester |
| DE3924583C1 (ja) * | 1989-07-25 | 1990-11-08 | Hans 7432 Bad Urach De Schur | |
| DK0435253T3 (da) * | 1989-12-28 | 1994-06-20 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Køleolier til brug sammen med hydrogenholdige halogencarbonkølemidler |
-
1991
- 1991-10-04 JP JP3284083A patent/JP2872465B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1992
- 1992-09-30 CA CA002079512A patent/CA2079512A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-10-02 EP EP92309033A patent/EP0535990B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-02 AT AT92309033T patent/ATE147096T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-02 DE DE69216346T patent/DE69216346D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000044972A (ja) * | 1998-08-03 | 2000-02-15 | General Sekiyu Kk | 潤滑剤の生分解性を向上させる方法、生分解性向上剤および生分解性潤滑剤組成物 |
| US7402610B2 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2008-07-22 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Carbonyl compound containing long-chain branched alkyl group |
| WO2010128658A1 (ja) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-11 | 出光興産株式会社 | 生分解性潤滑油組成物 |
| US8987177B2 (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2015-03-24 | Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. | Biodegradable lubricant composition |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0535990A1 (en) | 1993-04-07 |
| DE69216346D1 (de) | 1997-02-13 |
| JP2872465B2 (ja) | 1999-03-17 |
| CA2079512A1 (en) | 1993-04-05 |
| ATE147096T1 (de) | 1997-01-15 |
| EP0535990B1 (en) | 1997-01-02 |
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