JPH0599593A - Flashback safety method for projectile launching apparatus and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To prevent the detonation in the fuel chamber during flashback and secure the safety of the equipment. [Structure] The inner piston 8 is fixed, and the outer piston 9 is provided so as to be movable in the front-rear direction.
9, the fuel chamber 5 and the combustion chamber 6 are closed, the outer piston 9 retracts during combustion, and a gap is created between the two 13 and 15 to inject the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber 5. Further, the pressure of the retracting fluid pressure mechanism 23 acts on the rear portion of the outer piston 9. The evacuation fluid pressure mechanism 23 includes an auxiliary fluid chamber 24 containing an incompressible fluid and a main fluid chamber 25. When the forward pressure acting on the outer piston 9 reaches or exceeds a preset pressure, the auxiliary fluid chamber 24 Fluid flows into the main fluid chamber 25, allowing the outer piston 9 to move forward of the starting position. As a result, during a flashback phenomenon, a gap is created between the outer piston 9 and the inner piston 8, the sealed state of the fuel chamber 5 is released, and the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber 5 is released.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a projectile launching device for launching a projectile using liquid fuel, and more particularly, to the instantaneous combustion (detonation) of liquid fuel in a fuel chamber due to a flashback phenomenon. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a flashback safety method and apparatus for suppressing and securing the safety of a projectile launching device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a projectile launching device for launching a projectile using liquid fuel, an inner piston and an outer piston for partitioning a fuel chamber and a combustion chamber are provided inside a turret,
At the time of start-up, the piston noses engage with each other to close the fuel chamber and the combustion chamber at the time of starting, and during combustion, the pistons relatively recede due to the combustion gas pressure in the combustion chamber to form a gap that serves as an injection nozzle between the piston noses. The liquid fuel in the fuel chamber is injected into the combustion chamber at a predetermined ratio from this gap, and various proposals have been made to launch the projectile in the barrel with the combustion gas pressure generated in the combustion chamber. ing.

[0003]

However, in the conventional projectile launcher described above, a flashback phenomenon in which a flame enters the fuel chamber from the combustion chamber during combustion is likely to occur, and the device explodes in the fuel chamber and damages the device. There is a problem of doing. For example, in the case where the inner piston is fixedly provided and the outer piston is movable in the front-rear direction, the outer piston retreats due to the combustion gas pressure in the combustion chamber during combustion, and a clearance ( Liquid fuel is ejected from the injection nozzle portion) at a predetermined ratio and sequentially burned in the combustion chamber to generate a predetermined combustion gas pressure. As a result, the flying object is fired. However, should a flashback phenomenon occur, the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber burns, and the combustion gas pressure causes the outer piston to move forward and reach the starting position. When the outer piston reaches the starting position, it seals the fuel chamber and seals the fuel chamber, thus increasing the pressure in the fuel chamber. The liquid fuel is more likely to be burned as the acting pressure becomes higher, so that the liquid fuel may be detonated due to the pressure increase in the fuel chamber. As a result, the pressure of the fuel chamber becomes abnormally high, which damages each piston and the like.

Therefore, various attempts have been made to prevent the flashback phenomenon by examining the operation control of each piston, the structure of the injection nozzle portion, and the like. However, at the time of combustion, the combustion chamber and the fuel chamber communicate with each other by the liquid fuel injected from the injection nozzle portion, and moreover, the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber is pressurized by the retracting piston, so that the flashback phenomenon should be reliably prevented. Is a difficult situation.

The present invention has been made in view of the above conventional situation, and its object is to prevent the detonation in the fuel chamber due to the flashback phenomenon and to secure the safety of the projectile launcher. It is to provide a safety method and its device.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, an inner piston and an outer piston for partitioning a fuel chamber and a combustion chamber are provided inside the gun turret, and each piston is mutually operated at the time of starting. The piston nose engages and closes the fuel chamber and the combustion chamber, and during combustion, it relatively retreats due to the combustion gas pressure in the combustion chamber, creating a gap between the piston noses, and the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber is discharged from this gap. It is designed to inject fuel into the combustion chamber at a predetermined rate, and in a projectile launching device that launches projectiles inside the barrel by the combustion gas pressure generated in the combustion chamber, the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber due to the flashback phenomenon. When at least a predetermined pressure is reached, at least one of the inner piston and the outer piston moves forward of the starting position, and a gap is created between the piston noses of the pistons, and this gap connects the fuel chamber and the combustion chamber. , And summer as the sealed state of the fuel chamber quickly released to release the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber when the fire phenomenon.

Either the inner piston or the outer piston is fixedly provided so as to be at the starting position, the other is movable in the front-rear direction, and when the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber due to the flashback phenomenon reaches a predetermined pressure or more. It may be provided so as to be movable forward of the starting position by the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber.

[0008] One of the inner piston and the outer piston is elastically biased forward to control the retreat speed by the combustion gas pressure of the combustion chamber, and the retreat control means is held at the starting position against the retreat control means. In addition, when the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber due to the flashback phenomenon reaches or exceeds a predetermined pressure, it is allowed to move forward from the starting position, and when the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber decreases, it is returned to the starting position. Fire evacuation means may be provided. At this time, the retreat control means may have a control pressure chamber containing a compressible fluid, and the flashback evacuation means may have a withdrawal fluid chamber containing an incompressible fluid.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a state immediately before the launching operation of the projectile launching apparatus. The projectile launching device 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a rear portion of a barrel 2 as a projectile starting position, and a projectile 3 such as a bullet is loaded in an airtight manner. On the breech 4 which is screwed to the rear of the barrel 2, a chain stopper 7 is screwed to the rear so as to form a fuel chamber 5 and a combustion chamber 6 inside, and an inner piston 8 and an outer piston 9 are provided in the middle. There is.

The fuel chamber 5 is divided by an inner piston 8, an outer piston 9 and a chain stopper 7, and the chain stopper 7 is rotated by a chain stopper driving device 10 to move in the front-rear direction to change the volume and fly. The storage amount of the liquid fuel is adjusted according to the flight characteristics such as the flight distance and the initial velocity of the body 3.
The fuel chamber 5 is provided with a fuel inlet (not shown) so that liquid fuel is injected and filled each time the fuel is fired. On the other hand, the combustion chamber 6 is partitioned by the inner piston 8, the outer piston 9, and the wall surface of the breech 4, and the ignition device 1
1 is connected.

The inner piston 8 has a piston shaft 12 which is hermetically supported by the chain stopper 7 in a penetrating manner, and is fixed by a fixing mechanism 14 so that the piston nose 13 is at the position shown in FIG. The fixing mechanism 14 can adjust the position of the inner piston 8 in the front-rear direction with respect to the chain stopper 7, and when the position of the chain stopper 7 is adjusted in the front-rear direction, the piston nose 13 of the inner piston piston 13 is fixed.
Is positioned and held so as to be the starting position. The outer peripheral wall of the piston shaft 12 has a gap (injection nozzle portion) with the piston nose 15 of the outer piston during combustion.
Is generated and the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber 5 is injected into the combustion chamber 6 at a predetermined ratio from this gap. Further, the flying body guide hole 1 for inserting and guiding the flying body 3 in the piston shaft 12
6 is formed in a penetrating manner coaxially with the barrel 2, a projecting body insertion opening 17 for dropping and inserting the projecting body 3 into the projecting body guiding hole 16 is formed on the rear side wall, and an inner chain plug 18 is attached to the projecting body guiding hole 16. Then, it is designed to be tightly closed, which constitutes a structure for loading a flying object. The inner chain stopper 18 is provided with a chain stopper body 19 having a size capable of pushing the projectile 3 inserted into the projectile guide hole 16 into the projectile activation position of the barrel 2. The flying body guide hole 16 is tightly closed by being provided and is detachably fixed to the inner piston 8 by the chain stopper lock mechanism 21.

On the other hand, the outer piston 9 is formed so that the piston nose 15 engages with the piston nose 13 of the inner piston to close the fuel chamber 5 and the combustion chamber 6, and is movable in the front-back direction on the wall surface of the breech 4. Guided and supported by. At the rear part, the pressure of the control pressure chamber 22 which is the retreat control means and the pressure of the retracting fluid pressure mechanism 23 which is the flashback retracting means are applied to control the operation of the outer piston 9.

The control pressure chamber 22 is defined by the breech 4 and the chain stopper 7, and contains a compressive fluid such as nitrogen gas, and acts so as to exert a forward pressure on the rear portion of the outer piston 9. ing. That is, at the time of starting, due to the pressure balance with the reversing fluid pressure mechanism 23, the piston 9 of the outer piston 9 is the piston nose 1 of the inner piston.
3 is maintained at a starting position for engaging with 3, and at the time of combustion, the retreat speed is controlled by the pressure balance with the combustion gas pressure in the combustion chamber 6.

The evacuation fluid pressure mechanism 23 includes an auxiliary fluid chamber 24.
The main fluid chamber 25 and the main fluid chamber 25 are connected by a connecting pipe 26, and these are filled with an incompressible fluid. The auxiliary fluid chamber 24 is partitioned by the rear part of the breech 4 and the outer piston 9, and its volume is changed by the movement of the outer piston 9. The main fluid chamber 25 is defined by sealing one end of the small diameter cylinder portion of the cylinder body 27 with a large piston 28 and sealing the other end with a small piston 29. On the back surface of the large piston 28, the spring force of a pressure setting spring 30 made of a compression spring material is applied, and on the back surface of the small piston 29, the sliding resistance of the small piston 29 and the connecting conduit by the gas pressure of the pressure tank 31. A pressure equivalent to resistance is applied. Then, at the time of starting, as shown in FIG. 1, the fluid in the auxiliary fluid chamber 24 is acted on by the pressure in the control fluid chamber 22 via the outer piston 9, and the large piston 28 and the small piston 29 are moved to the main fluid chamber 25. At the end, the spring force of the pressure setting spring 30 is set to be much larger than the pressure of the control fluid chamber 22, and the outer piston 9 is held at the starting position. Therefore, when the outer piston 9 retracts, the auxiliary fluid chamber 2
Although the volume of No. 4 increases, the fluid commensurate with this increase flows out from the main fluid chamber 25 and fills the auxiliary fluid chamber 24. On the other hand, the volume of the main fluid chamber 25 decreases as the volume of the auxiliary fluid chamber 24 increases, as only the small piston 29 moves as the fluid flows out. When the outer piston 9 advances, the fluid in the auxiliary fluid chamber 24 is pressed and flows into the main fluid chamber 25, and the small piston 29 is returned against the gas pressure in the pressure tank 31. When the forward force of the outer piston 9 is equal to or greater than the spring force of the pressure setting spring 30, the fluid in the auxiliary fluid chamber 24 flows into the main fluid chamber 25, and the large piston 28 moves against the pressure setting spring 30. It will be. When the forward force of the outer piston 9 becomes lower than the spring force, the large piston 28 is returned by the pressure setting spring 30, whereby the fluid in the main fluid chamber 25 is pushed out to the auxiliary fluid chamber 24 and The piston 9 will be retracted to the starting position.

This embodiment is constructed as described above,
The operation will be described below. In the state immediately before the firing operation shown in FIG. 1, the projectile 3 is airtightly loaded in the projectile starting position of the barrel 2, and the outer piston 9 is actuated by the operation of the control pressure chamber 22 and the retracting fluid pressure mechanism 23. Held in
The fuel chamber 5 is filled with the liquid fuel in an amount corresponding to the flight characteristics, and the ignition device 11 is activated to fire the fuel. The pressure of the combustion chamber 6 rises due to the operation of the ignition device 11, pushes the outer piston 9 rearward, and moves backward against the pressure of the control pressure chamber 22. As the outer piston 9 retracts, the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber 5 is pressurized, and a gap is created between the piston nose 15 of the outer piston and the outer peripheral wall of the piston shaft 12 of the inner piston. 6 is injected at a predetermined rate. Then, the combustion chamber 6 is sequentially combusted to generate a high-pressure combustion gas pressure, which causes the projectile 3 to be launched.

When a flashback phenomenon occurs during combustion and the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber 5 begins to burn, the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber 5 causes the outer piston 9 to move forward. When the outer piston 9 advances and reaches the starting position, its piston nose 15 sealingly engages with the piston nose 13 of the inner piston to seal the fuel chamber 5. As a result, the pressure in the fuel chamber 5 rises, a high pressure acts on the outer piston 9, and the fluid in the auxiliary fluid chamber 24 of the retracting fluid pressure mechanism is pressurized. When the pressure of the fluid in the auxiliary fluid chamber 24 reaches or exceeds the set pressure,
The fluid in the auxiliary fluid chamber 24 flows into the main fluid chamber 25 and moves the large piston 28 against the pressure setting spring 30. That is, the outer piston 9 is moved forward against the pressure of the evacuation fluid pressure mechanism 23 by the combustion gas pressure of the fuel chamber 5, and is moved forward of the starting position. Then, a gap is created between the piston nose 15 of the outer piston and the piston nose 13 of the inner piston, the sealed state of the fuel chamber 5 is released, and the combustion gas in the fuel chamber 5 flows into the combustion chamber 6 through the gap, The pressure in chamber 5 is released and reduced. As a result, the detonation in the fuel chamber 5 is suppressed, and even if the detonation occurs, the combustion gas immediately flows into the combustion chamber 6 and the combustion gas pressure is released, so that the inner piston 8, the outer piston 9, etc. Damage is prevented. Therefore, even after the detonation, the new flying body 3 can be loaded and the flying body 3 can be continuously fired.

The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and for example, the inner piston 8 and the outer piston 9 may be movable relative to each other in the front-rear direction. The retreat control means and the flashback evacuation means may be one that exerts not only fluid pressure but also elastic force,
Further, not only the rear portion of the inner piston 8 or the outer piston 9 that moves forward from the starting position, but may be provided so as to act on any portion.

[0018]

According to the present invention, since either the inner piston or the outer piston is movable forward of the starting position, the piston nose of each piston is engaged in a sealing manner during a flashback phenomenon. However, even if the fuel chamber becomes sealed, one piston immediately advances and the sealed state is released, so the combustion gas in the fuel chamber flows out into the combustion chamber,
The combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber is released and reduced. Therefore, the detonation in the fuel chamber is suppressed, and even if it is detonated, the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber is immediately released and reduced, so that damage to the device is prevented and safety can be ensured. It was

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view illustrating an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state immediately before a firing operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Flying Body Launching Device 2 Gun Barrel 3 Flying Body 4 Turret 5 Fuel Chamber 6 Combustion Chamber 8 Inner Piston 9 Outer Piston 22 Control Pressure Chamber 23 Evacuation Fluid Pressure Mechanism 24 Auxiliary Fluid Chamber 25 Main Fluid Chamber 30 Pressure Setting Spring 31 Pressure tank

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An inner piston and an outer piston which partition a fuel chamber and a combustion chamber are provided inside the gun turret, and when the pistons are started, their piston noses engage with each other to close the fuel chamber and the combustion chamber. During combustion, the gas is relatively retracted during combustion to create a gap between the piston noses, and the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber is injected into the combustion chamber at a predetermined ratio from this gap. A method for flashback safety of a projectile launching device that launches a projectile in the barrel by means of combustion gas pressure, which is provided when the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber due to the flashback phenomenon reaches a predetermined pressure or more. A flashback safety method for a projectile launching device, characterized in that at least one of the inner piston and the outer piston is moved forward from the starting position by pressure so that a gap is created between the piston noses. 2. An inner piston and an outer piston that partition the fuel chamber and the combustion chamber are provided inside the breech, and the piston noses of the pistons engage with each other at the time of starting to close the fuel chamber and the combustion chamber. During combustion, the gas is relatively retracted during combustion to create a gap between the piston noses, and the liquid fuel in the fuel chamber is injected into the combustion chamber at a predetermined ratio from this gap. A flashback safety device for a projectile launching device that launches a projectile in the barrel with combustion gas pressure, and when the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber due to the flashback phenomenon reaches or exceeds a predetermined pressure, this combustion gas A flashback safety device for a projectile launching device, characterized in that at least one of an inner piston and an outer piston is moved forward by pressure from a starting position to create a gap between the piston noses. 3. One of the inner piston and the outer piston is fixedly provided at the starting position, the other is movable in the front-rear direction, and when the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber due to the flashback phenomenon reaches a predetermined pressure or more, The flashback safety device for a projectile launching device according to claim 2, wherein the device is provided so as to be movable forward of the starting position by the combustion gas pressure. 4. A retreat control means for elastically urging one of the inner piston and the outer piston forward to control the retreat speed by the combustion gas pressure in the combustion chamber, and a starting position against the retreat control means. It is allowed to move forward from the starting position when the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber due to the flashback phenomenon reaches a predetermined pressure or more, and returns to the starting position when the combustion gas pressure in the fuel chamber decreases. The flashback safety device for a projectile launching apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, further comprising flashback retracting means for causing the flashback to escape. 5. The flashback safety device for a projectile launching apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the retreat control means has a control pressure chamber containing a compressive fluid. 6. The flashback safety device for a projectile launching apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the flashback retracting means has a retracting fluid chamber containing an incompressible fluid.