JPH0611A - Harvesting unit structure of a harvester for root vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] Since the manual harvesting work of root vegetables is a heavy labor of pulling the root vegetables out of the field in a bent posture, a mechanical harvester for root vegetables is realized and provided as much as possible. [Structure] A pulling-out unit 1 for pulling carrots from the ground by sandwiching a leaf between a pair of rearward conveying belt front portions 11a, a pair of rearward conveying belt portions 11b, and a guide mechanism 12 having a gentle rearward inclination. While guiding and guiding the lower part of the leaf between the chains with rollers of the guide mechanism 12, the upper part of the leaf is sandwiched and transferred by the transfer belt 11 and the transfer device 2 for transferring the root vegetables backward is provided, and the upper surface of the carrot is the guide mechanism. After contacting the rollers of 12, the holding force is determined so that the carrot can be displaced downward by the conveyor belt 11, and a predetermined gap in a free state is provided between the left and right rollers to select the immature carrot, and , Equipped with a mechanism L whose gap size can be adjusted.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for mechanizing a series of harvesting operations from the step of extracting root vegetables such as carrots and radishes from the ground to the step of transporting them to a post-treatment step. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, root crops have been harvested manually by manually pulling out the root crops buried in the field one by one and then cutting off the leaves with a knife.

[0003]

Since the manual harvesting work of root vegetables is a heavy labor of pulling the root vegetables out of the field in a bent posture, it is desired to realize a mechanized harvester such as a combine harvester. It was This is a serious problem in large-scale fields. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention realizes and provides a root vegetable harvester in which a series of steps from root vegetable extraction to leaf cutting is mechanized.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention clamps a leaf portion of a root vegetable by a pair of left and right front endless rotation belts which are driven to face each other in a rearwardly inclined state. And a pair of left and right rear endless rotation bands and a pair of left and right guide mechanisms arranged below the left and right rear endless rotation bands, and a lower part of the leaf part of the pair of guides. While guiding and guiding between the mechanisms, a transport device for transporting the root vegetables sent from the pulling section backward by sandwiching and transporting the upper part of the leaf part by driving a pair of rear endless rotation bands is provided, respectively. The rear endless rotation band and the guide mechanism are arranged relative to each other such that the vertical interval between the rear endless rotation band and the pair of guide mechanisms becomes wider toward the lower side in the conveyance direction, and the rear root endless rotation band and the guide mechanism have a predetermined distance or more in the conveyance root vegetable. Downward movement force of And a pair of rear endless endless swivel bands are used to set the gripping force against the root vegetable leaf so that downward movement from the rear endless endless swirl bands is allowed. It is characterized in that a gap in the left-right direction is provided.

[0005]

[Function] The pull-out part functions to pull out the root vegetables in the ground and lift them upward by sandwiching the leaf part projecting above the ground. The conveying device conveys the lower part of the leaf part by a pair of guide mechanisms. In the state where the path is formed, the pair of rear endless rotary bands exerts a function of sandwiching the upper part of the leaf part and giving a conveying action. In the carrying device, the vertical distance between the guide mechanism and the rear endless turning band is widened toward the lower side in the carrying direction, and downward movement of the root vegetables is allowed in the pair of rear endless turning bands. Therefore, the guide mechanism approaches the root of the leaf portion as it is conveyed backward, and finally comes into a contact conveyance state in which it is conveyed in contact with the upper surface of the root vegetable body. The parts move up and down relative to each other to maintain the contact conveyance state. As a result, at the end of this transfer device, all root vegetables will be unified to the contact transfer state, and the root vegetables can be delivered to the post-processing step such as a cutter device that cuts the leaf part in a fixed posture and position. Become. Furthermore, since a left-right gap of a predetermined distance is provided between the left and right guide mechanisms, a rear endless swivel band is used to keep the left-right gap between ungrown vegetables and root vegetables of a size smaller than the regulations such as fine or minimum. The sorting function of passing, lifting, and sending out of the transport path is exhibited. If the gap in the left-right direction can be adjusted and set, the size of the root vegetable serving as a selection standard can be selected, which is more convenient.

[0006]

Therefore, in the root vegetable harvester according to any of claims 1 and 2, a series of steps from the extraction of root vegetables from the ground to the front of the post-treatment such as a cutter device can be mechanized, and Smoothing and stabilizing the mechanization process by aligning the root vegetables handed over to the processing in a fixed posture / position, moreover, the root vegetables can be selected during the transportation, which contributes to the improvement of harvesting efficiency while reducing the labor. It was

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 shows an overall side view of a walk-behind root vegetable harvester, and Fig. 2 shows a plan view of its front part. 1 is a pulling unit, 2 is a conveying device, 3 is a leaf cutting device, and 4 is a harvesting device. Reference numeral 5 denotes a traveling wheel, 6 a steering wheel, and E an engine.
The pull-out part 1 is provided with a pair of left and right weeding tools 7, 7 at the tip, and is equipped with a conveyor-type sandwiching conveyor device 9 extending immediately after the weeding tool 7 and the leaf cutting device 3 site. There is. The sandwiching conveyor device 9 is a pair of left and right conveyor belts 11 and 11 that are driven to face each other in a rearwardly inclined posture.
It is composed of. In addition, 0 is a rocking ski to loosen the root of the root vegetables. The transport device 2 is composed of the above-mentioned pair of left and right transport belts 11 and 11 and a pair of left and right guide mechanisms 12 and 12 disposed below the transport belts 11, and the lower part of the root vegetable leaf portion is provided between the pair of guide mechanisms 12 and 12. By guiding and guiding the upper part of the leaf part by driving the pair of conveyor belts 11 and 11, the root vegetables sent from the pull-out part are conveyed backward.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the guide mechanism 1
Reference numeral 2 denotes a chain 15 in which each chain link 13 is equipped with a roller 14 which is rotatable around the horizontal axis Y.
The roller 14 is attached to the chain link 13 in a state where a spring 16 generates an urging force in the opposite direction,
Therefore, the leaves of the root vegetables are opposed to the left and right rollers 14,14.
It receives the rearward transfer force that is sandwiched by the transfer belt 11, and its transfer speed is almost the same as the speed of the conveyor belt 11.
Further, the rearward inclination angle of the guide mechanism 12 is set to be extremely gentle so that the vertical distance between the conveyor belt 11 and the guide mechanism 12 becomes wider toward the lower side in the conveying direction. The pair of guide mechanisms 12, 12 are arranged such that a left-right gap S of a predetermined distance exists between the left and right rollers 14, 14 in a free state in which the root vegetables are not sandwiched, and the guide mechanism 12 has a left-right direction at a rear portion thereof. A gap adjusting mechanism L is provided which can change and set the length of the gap S. That is, a guide member 18 having a downward U-shaped cross section for guiding the movement path of the chain 15 is provided, and the position of the guide member 18 in the left-right direction can be changed by the fitting long holes 18a with the front and rear set bolts.

As shown in FIG. 6, left and right conveyor belts 1
1 and 11 are provided with a large number of rolling wheels 17 for pressing them in the direction of existence of each other to generate a nipping force of the leaf portion, and transport from the front end portion to a portion corresponding to the front end of the guide mechanism 12. At the belt front portion 11a, the rolling wheel 1 is applied so that a strong clamping force acts so as to reliably pull out the root vegetables in the ground.
7, the strength of the urging spring 8 is set, and the gripping force of the leaf portion in the rear portion 11b of the conveying belt on the rear side is weakened by the use of the spring 10 thinner than the spring 8 in the front portion 11a of the conveying belt. Is set to. At the rear position of the guide mechanism 12, the rotary cutter 1
A leaf cutting device 3 for cutting off the leaves of the root vegetables is arranged at 4, and the leaves of the root vegetables are picked up again to rotate the cutter 1.
In order to align the cutting posture suitable for the cutting process of No. 4, a re-holding and conveying mechanism 19 is provided across the guide mechanism 12 and the rotary cutter 14. The harvesting section 4 is composed of a chute 4A for collecting root vegetables from the root vegetable main body, and a guide plate 4B for guiding the cut leaf portions rearward.

The main operation of the harvesting work will be described. The root part in the ground is pulled out by gripping the leaves with a strong gripping force by the front part 11a of the conveyor belt and lifting them upward, and then the rear part 11b of the conveyor belt. And guide mechanism 1
The root force is transferred backward and upward by the conveying force of 2. However, since the inclination of the guide mechanism 12 is gentle, the upper surface of the root vegetable body gradually approaches the roller 14, and at the rear portion of the guide mechanism 12, the upper surface of the root vegetable body moves to the roller 14. The contact conveyance state is reached. After that, since the rearward conveying force is transmitted to the root vegetables by the weak gripping force of the rear portion 11b of the conveyor belt, and the leaves are allowed to slip through downward, the root vegetables are always kept at the end of the conveyor belt 11. Contact transfer state,
In addition, the non-regulated size root vegetables are lifted above the guide mechanism 12 by the gap adjusting mechanism L and discharged from the end of the conveyor belt 11. Then, the leaf portion is moved to a position slightly above the root by the lifting and carrying mechanism 19 so that the leaf portion can be cut at a position as close to the root vegetable body as possible while maintaining a constant posture / position with respect to the leaf cutting device 3 to be kept next. become. After the leaf-cutting device 3, the root vegetables are collected in the chute 4A and the leaves are released to the field.

In this embodiment, a pair of conveyor belt front parts 11 are provided.
Although a corresponds to the front endless rotation band and the rear portion of the conveyor belt 11b corresponds to the rear endless rotation belt, they may be constituted by different conveyor belts or conveyor chains. As the guide mechanism 12, in addition to the chain with roller 15 described above,
A pair of guide members that are composed of a simple pair of guide rods, or have a plurality of rollers on the lower surface that are rotatable about the left and right axes, and a conveying belt 12 by pushing a leaf portion immediately above these guide members. It is also conceivable that it is configured with a contact type drive transfer body provided so as to generate a transfer force at the same speed. Further, the harvesting unit of this structure may be mounted on a riding type harvester for root vegetables.

It should be noted that although reference numerals are given in the claims for convenience of comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the configurations of the accompanying drawings by the entry.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Fig. 1] Overall side view of a root vegetable harvester

[Figure 2] Plan view of the front of the harvester

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the structure of a guide mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a lateral cross-sectional view of a transfer device portion.

FIG. 5 is a partial side view showing the structure of a chain with rollers.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the structure of a sandwich conveyor device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pull-out part 2 Conveyor device 11a Front endless rotation band 11b Rear endless rotation band 12 Guide mechanism S Horizontal gap L L Gap adjustment mechanism

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pair of left and right front endless rotation zones (11a), (11a) driven oppositely in a rearwardly inclined state, hold the root of a root vegetable and pull out the root vegetable from the ground. And a pair of left and right rear endless rotation bands (11b) and (11b) and a pair of left and right guide mechanisms (12) and (12) arranged below the left and right endless rotation bands (11b) and (11b). The lower part of the leaf portion is provided with the pair of guide mechanisms (1
2) and (12) are guided and guided, and the upper part of the leaf part is nip-transferred by driving the pair of rear endless rotation bands (11b) and (11b), whereby the pull-out part (1).
Conveying device that conveys root vegetables sent from the back (2)
And a pair of rear endless rotation bands (11b),
(11b) and the pair of guide mechanisms (12), (12)
The rear endless rotation band (11b) and the guide mechanism (12) are arranged relatively to each other so that the vertical interval between the two becomes wider toward the lower side in the transport direction, and the transport root vegetable has a downward movement force higher than a predetermined value. When operated, the pair of rear endless rotation bands (11b), (11) are allowed to allow downward movement of the root vegetable from the rear endless rotation band (11b).
The gripping force for the root vegetable leaf portion by b) is set, and the left and right guide mechanisms (12), (12) are provided with a left-right direction gap (S) at a predetermined distance. Construction. 2. The harvesting part structure of a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, further comprising a gap adjusting mechanism (L) capable of changing and setting the length of the left-right gap (S).