JPH0613809B2 - Doors for vehicles-Opening and closing method and device - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a door opening / closing method and apparatus for vehicles and the like, and more particularly to an opening / closing apparatus for a rear door of a freight vehicle.

B) Conventional technology Although the idea of using a dynamic pressure device to open and close the door is used to open and close the middle folding door of the bus, it is used to open and close the door of the vehicle and the rear door of the freight car, among others. Is a structure in which the reciprocating motion of the rod of the dynamic pressure device is used to directly push and pull the door to open and close it.

C) Problems to be solved For this reason, the opening and closing angle of the door is determined by the stroke of the rod for opening and closing the door by expanding and contracting the rod of the dynamic pressure device. At the same time, up to the point where the stroke direction of the rod and the plane direction of the door coincide with each other, further opening / closing cannot be expected, and the maximum opening / closing angle is 180 degrees or less. Of course, the long rod construction has a structural upper limit of the vehicle, and it is not possible to obtain it even up to 180 degrees.

D) Means for solving the problems In the present invention, therefore, the reciprocating and reciprocating motion of the rod of the dynamic pressure device is used for the position operation of the open if it is open, and the operation of the rod stroke is opened or closed. By using it, it is possible to open and close the door up to 270 degrees with a short rod.The door is installed so that it can be opened and closed 90 degrees or more, and the rod of the dynamic pressure device and the door are connected via a connecting arm, While the arm is guided to different guides by reciprocating motion, one reciprocating motion of the rod is operated in the same operation direction of the door, and the door is installed so that it can be opened and closed by 90 degrees or more, and the connecting arm connected to the door is pivoted to the grooved wheel. While supporting it, the dynamic pressure device and the end of the expansion / contraction mechanism are pivotally supported, and the groove wheel is pivotally supported by the expansion / contraction mechanism driven by the dynamic pressure device so that the groove wheel is positioned in different guides for reciprocation. It is characterized in that a moving plate moving mechanism that forms one end of the guide is provided corresponding to the expansion and contraction exchange position.

(E) Embodiment 1 is a power cylinder as a dynamic pressure device, the rear end of which is connected to a chassis 2 or a base plate 15 and a pivot 3 to a power source (not shown) such as negative pressure, hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, or electricity. A pipe 4 is provided, and a rod 5 is provided at one end thereof so that the rod 5 can freely move in and out. 6 is a pantograph type telescopic arm, and after that is a power cylinder 1.
There are pivots 7 and 7 on both sides, respectively, and the tip of the rod 5 is pivotally supported 8 at the crossing portion, and a grooved wheel 9 is rotatably supported on the lower surface of the tip crossing portion 10. is there. A connecting arm 11 is pivotally supported on the shaft 10, and the tip of the connecting arm 11 is pivotally supported on the door 12 or its overhanging rod 13. Reference numeral 14 is a guide, which is formed as a groove by an empty space 16 formed in a base plate 15 and a moving plate 17 placed there. Therefore, the guide 14
Can be said to be the rest blocked by the moving plate 17 of the empty space 16. The cavity 16 is formed in a shape like a flat semicircle or a horseshoe shape on the base plate 15 in front of the power cylinder 1, and has two top ends 18 and 19 at the front and rear. Moving plate 17
Is substantially the same as the space 16 and is formed in a small size.
Is provided on the side of the top end 18 of the empty space 16 for pivotal support 21, and the top end 22 at the other end is installed corresponding to the top end 19. Reference numeral 23 is a guide yoke, and a shaft support 24 is provided on the lower surface of the base plate 15.
However, one of the protrusions 25 and 26 formed on the inner side of the protrusion 16 is formed and installed so as to face the space 16 or the guide 14. At this time, it is recommended to attach a spring knock to the shaft 24. An arm 27 is provided on the shaft 24, and its tip is pivotally supported near the top end 22 of the moving plate 17.
The lower end of 8 is engaged with a groove 30 provided in the projecting plate 29 of the chassis 2. Reference numerals 31 and 31 are hinges that support the door 12. Reference numeral 32 is a limit switch provided as required, and is installed at a desired position so that the grooved wheel 9 or the telescopic arm 6 may come into contact with the position where the opening / closing angle of the door 12 is restricted. Of course, the power source may be regulated. Further, instead of the switch itself, a phototube or other monitoring mechanism may be provided in the portion and interlocked with the switch.

Next, the operation will be described. The power cylinder 1 is operated by the switch installed at an appropriate position. At that time, the rod 5 of the cylinder 1 extends to extend the telescopic arm 6 pivotally supported at the tip thereof. The grooved wheel 9 pivotally supported by the tip intersection of the telescopic arm 6 is guided by the curve of the guide 14 and moves forward. At this time, the power cylinder 1 and the telescopic arm 6 are also rotated by the pivot points 3, 7 and 7, respectively. At the same time, the connecting arm 11 pivotally supported by the shaft 10 also advances and pushes the door 12 or its overhanging rod 13 pivotally supported at its tip, and the hinges 31, 31 open the door 12.
If the door 12 is set at a desired angle, for example 90 degrees, if the limit switch 32 is installed at the point A in the third illustration, the limit switch 32 is pressed to stop the operation of the power cylinder 1 when the groove wheel 9 comes. When it is desired to open the door 12 more widely, the limit switch 32 is disabled or mechanically retracted by the selection switch. At that time, the grooved wheel 9 advances further, and the projection 2 of the guide yoke 23
When hitting 5, it is pressed and rotated about the shaft 24. At this time, if the spring type knock is attached, the rotation of the shaft 24 can be performed quickly and reliably. The arm 27 is also rotated by the rotation of the shaft 24, and the movable plate 17 pivotally supported on the pivot shaft 28 at the tip thereof is pulled to rotate with the pivot portion 21 as a fulcrum.

On the other hand, the grooved wheel 9 reaches the maximum extension point of the rod 5 and the telescopic arm 6 after pushing the protrusion 25 of the guide yoke 23 . This point corresponds to the apex 19 of the empty space 16. At this time, the moving plate 17 is still moving, and the top end 22 thereof is located on the opposite side of the grooved wheel 9 with the line X connecting the pivot point 21 of the moving plate 17 and the shaft 24 of the guide yoke 23 as a boundary. Therefore, when the rod 5 and the telescopic arm 6 are fully extended and the contracting operation is performed next time, when the grooved wheel 9 returns on the X-ray, it hits the portion B beyond the top end 22 of the moving plate 17. As the rod 5 and the telescopic arm 6 are subsequently contracted, the grooved wheel 9 advances while being in contact with the moving plate 17 and guided by the guide 14. Therefore, when the rod 5 and the telescopic arm 6 are contracted, the grooved wheel 9 is prevented from returning to the original position beyond the top end 22 of the moving plate 17. In some cases, the grooved wheel 9, the hinge 31, and the overhanging bar 13 are positioned on a straight line, but at that time, only the grooved wheel 9 moves and pulls out the overhanging bar 13 from the same line.

As the groove wheel 9 continues, the connecting arm 11 moves to the door 12.
It becomes a pulling type and opens up to 270 degrees around the hinge (3rd illustration).

Next, the operation of closing the door 12 will be described.
When the slot 2 is opened 270 degrees, the grooved sheave 9 becomes the top end 1 of the guide 14.
Although it is located near 8, the grooved wheel 9 is advanced as the rod 5 and the telescopic arm 6 are extended, and the door 12 is closed by the connecting arm 11. The grooved wheel 9 presses the protrusion 26 of the guide yoke 23 to rotate the shaft 24 about the shaft 24.
The arm 27 fixed to is rotated. By this rotation, the top end 22 of the moving plate 17 crosses the line X. On the other hand, the grooved wheel 9 moves forward and is guided by the end of the space 16 to reach the top end 19 of the space 16 through the guide 14. Then, the rod 5 and the telescopic arm 6 reach the maximum extension point, and both begin to contract. At this time, the grooved wheel 9 retreats along the line X, but the grooved wheel 9 moves toward the top end 22.
It goes over the road and does not return to the original position, and is guided by the moving plate 17 and advances along the left guide 14. Accordingly, the door 12 is closed by the connecting arm 11. Finally, when the grooved wheel 9 hits the overhanging portion 20 of the moving plate 17, the door 1
2 is configured to be closed. Alternatively, a switch may be provided near the overhanging portion 20 to stop the operation of the power cylinder 1.

According to the invention as described above, the door is installed so as to be openable and closable by 90 degrees or more, and the rod of the dynamic pressure device and the door are connected to each other through the connecting arm, and the arm is guided to different guides that reciprocate. The one reciprocating motion of the rod is activated in the same operation direction of the door, the door is installed so as to be openable and closable by 90 degrees or more, and the connecting arm connected to the door is pivotally supported by the grooved sheave, while the dynamic pressure device and the extension / contraction mechanism end. Pivot the department,
The grooved wheel is pivotally supported by an expansion / contraction mechanism driven by a dynamic pressure device and is reciprocally moved to be positioned in different guides, and a moving plate moving mechanism is provided to form one end of the guide groove corresponding to the expansion / contraction exchange position of the expansion / contraction mechanism. Because it is extremely small and simple, the door can
It will be possible to open and close automatically over a wide range from 0 degrees to 270 degrees, and it can be used easily and quickly for use on doors that frequently open and close, such as the rear doors of freight vehicles, and doors that require wide-angle opening and closing. It is effective in improving the cargo handling work efficiency and reducing the labor of the operator.

In addition, the automatic opening and closing of the door has an effect on cargo security, which is a significant practical effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the same as the above embodiment, and FIGS. 1 ... Power cylinder, 2 ... Chassis 3 ... Pivot support, 4 ... Piping 5 ... Rod, 6 ... Expanding arm 7,8 ... Pivot support, 9 ... Groove 10 ... Axial support, 11 ...... Coupling arm 12 …… Door, 13 …… Overhang bar 14 …… Guide, 15 …… Base plate 16 …… Space, 17 …… Movement plate 18, 19 …… Top end, 20 …… Overhanging part 21 …… Pivot support, 22 …… Top end 23 …… Guide yoke, 24 …… Axial support 25,26 …… Projection, 27 …… Arm 28 …… Pivot support, 29 …… Expansion plate 30 …… Groove, 31 ... … Hinge 32 …… Limit switch

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A door is installed so as to be openable and closable by 90 degrees or more, and a rod of a dynamic pressure device and a door are connected through a connecting arm to guide the arm to reciprocating different guides, while one reciprocating movement of the rod is performed. A door opening / closing method for a vehicle or the like, characterized in that the doors are operated in the same operation direction. 2. A door is installed so as to be openable and closable by 90 degrees or more, and a connecting arm connected to the door is pivotally supported by a grooved wheel, while a dynamic pressure device and an end of a telescopic mechanism are pivotally supported, and the grooved wheel is a dynamic pressure device. It is characterized in that it is provided with a moving plate moving mechanism that is pivotally supported by an expanding / contracting mechanism that is driven by and is positioned in different guides that reciprocate, and that forms one end of a guide groove corresponding to the expansion / conversion conversion position of the expanding / contracting mechanism. Door opening and closing device for vehicles, etc. 3. A door opening / closing device for a vehicle or the like according to claim 2, wherein a switch operating mechanism of a dynamic pressure device is provided at a desired position in the expansion / contraction mechanism or the moving range of the grooved vehicle.