JPH0614005Y2 - Engine lubricator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an engine lubrication device.

[Conventional technology]

In the engine, oil is actively supplied to the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore in order to lubricate the cylinder bore and cool the piston.

In this method, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, there is a method of injecting oil from an oil nozzle 2 provided at the connecting rod large end 1 (in FIG. 8, oil happens to be ejected toward the back side of the piston 13). Has been).

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 9, an oil nozzle 4 communicating with an oil gallery (not shown) is attached below a cylinder bore (not shown), and oil is injected from the oil nozzle 4 toward the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore. There is something that happened (the oil happens to be jetted toward the back side of the piston 13 in FIG. 9).

In addition to this, as shown in FIG. 10, an oil hole 7 is provided in the metal cylinder 6 supporting the crankshaft 5,
There is also one that injects oil from the oil hole 7 toward the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore.

As prior art documents disclosing such an engine lubrication device, there are, for example, JP 58-113118 A, JP 60-262290 A, and JP 56-27315 A. Fig. 8 is a reproduction of the drawing in "Shokai 60-26229", and Fig. 9 is "Shokai 58-113118".
10 is a reprint of the drawing in Figure.
The drawing in 6-27315 is reproduced.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

However, the conventional techniques shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 have the following problems.

In the technique of injecting oil from the oil nozzle 2 at the large end 1 of the connecting rod as shown in FIG. 8, firstly, since oil is supplied from the oil passage 3 in the crankshaft 5, it is injected only intermittently. And the amount of oil is small,
Moreover, there is a problem that the injection can be performed only in a certain direction, and thus the lubrication of the inner surface of the cylinder bore becomes insufficient.

Secondly, since a part of the oil for lubricating the metal of the connecting rod large end portion 1 is injected to the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore, if the injection amount is increased, the lubrication of the metal of the connecting rod large end portion 1 is insufficient. There was also the problem of becoming.

As shown in FIG. 9, in the system in which the dedicated oil nozzle 4 connected to the oil gallery is attached to the cylinder block and the oil is injected from the oil nozzle 4, there is no problem as described above, but instead, the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore is replaced. First, there is a problem in that the structure of the engine is complicated and the manufacturing is troublesome because the oil nozzle 4 has to be attached.

Secondly, since the crankshaft rotates, if the crankshaft is avoided, the mounting position of the oil nozzle is limited and the oil can be supplied only in a specific direction.

On the other hand, the method of providing the oil hole 7 in the metal cylinder 6 and injecting the oil from the oil hole 7 as shown in FIG. 10 does not have the above-mentioned problem. The engine we had was a special engine, and there was a problem that it was not versatile.

Secondly, since the oil injected from the oil hole 7 is the oil that has come through the groove provided on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing metal, it directly contacts the journal part of the crankshaft before reaching the oil hole 7. The oil temperature rises due to the contact of the crankshaft with the shearing force caused by the rotation of the crankshaft and the direct transfer of frictional heat from the crankshaft, which leads to poor lubrication due to a decrease in oil viscosity and poor cooling due to an increase in oil temperature. There was a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and its technical problem is that it is possible to sufficiently supply relatively low temperature oil to the cylinder side, and the degree of freedom in design is high. It is to provide a versatile engine lubrication device that is easy to operate.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve this technical problem, the following measures are taken in the present invention.

That is, in the engine lubrication device according to the present invention, the crankshaft is rotatably supported by the bearing portion provided on the cylinder block through the bearing metal, and the bearing metal is opposite to the upper metal located on the cylinder side. A lower metal located on the side of the crankshaft, and a feedhole extending from an oil gallery located on the cylinder side with respect to the bearing section toward the upper metal. As an oil supply passage to the shaft, it communicates with an oil groove formed along the inner peripheral surface of the upper metal, and along the outer peripheral surface of the upper metal as an oil supply passage to an oil injection hole provided on the cylinder side. It is directly connected to the oil passage formed on the back of the oil groove. An engine lubrication device characterized by the above.

[Action]

According to the above configuration, the oil is supplied to the outer circumference of the upper metal through the feed hole extending from the oil gallery toward the upper metal.

Part of the oil that has reached the outer circumference of the upper metal is supplied to the sliding surface of the crankshaft via the oil groove formed along the inner peripheral surface of the upper metal.

The other part of the oil that reaches the outer circumference of the upper metal is directly supplied to the oil passage formed on the back surface of the oil groove along the outer peripheral surface of the upper metal, and the oil is supplied to the cylinder side without contacting the crankshaft. It is supplied to the oil injection hole for injection.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a lubricating device for an engine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 11 is a cylinder block, 5 is a crankshaft, 13 is a piston, and 14 is a connecting rod. Arrow F is in front of the engine.

An oil gallery 15 is provided in the cylinder block 11. The oil gallery 15 extends in the axial direction of the engine. A feed hole 16 extends downward from the oil gallery 15.

The journal portion 21 of the crankshaft 5 includes an upper metal 22 forming the upper side (cylinder side) of the bearing metal and a lower metal 2 forming the lower side (opposite side of the cylinder) of the bearing metal.
Cylinder block 11 by cap 24 through 3
Is rotatably supported by the bearing portion 17. The feed hole 16 described above is provided in the bearing portion 17.

Metal 3 on the crankpin 25 of the crankshaft 5
The connecting rod 14 is attached by a cap 26 via 1, 32.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the upper metal of FIG.

In FIG. 2, 22 indicates the entire upper metal. An oil groove 34 extending in the circumferential direction is provided on the sliding surface 33 on the inner peripheral side of the upper metal 22.
An oil hole 35 is formed in the inside.

Returning to FIG. 1, the oil hole 35 (FIG. 2) is aligned with the feed hole 16 when the upper metal 22 is assembled to the engine.

In the crankshaft 5, the oil passage 3 is aligned with the oil groove of the upper metal 22 (reference numeral 34 in FIG. 2).
6 is provided, and the oil passage 36 passes through the crankshaft 5 and the connecting rod 14 as shown in the figure.
Of metal 31 and 32. Therefore, the oil in the oil gallery 15 is stored in the oil groove (reference numeral 3 in FIG. 2).
4) is not only supplied to the sliding surface of the bearing metal from
As shown by arrow A, the oil passes through the feed hole 16 and enters the oil passage 36 from the oil groove (reference numeral 34 in FIG. 2) to lubricate the metals 31, 32 of the connecting rod 14.

Until now, it is the same as the conventional one. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the present embodiment is characterized in that the bearing portion 17 of the cylinder block 11 is provided with an oil injection hole 41. The oil injection hole 41 communicates with the feed hole 16 at the lower end of the bearing portion 17. The oil injection hole 41 is drilled from diagonally below. The oil injection hole 41 faces the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

In FIG. 3, 11 is a cylinder block, and 5 is a crankshaft. Further, 15 is an oil gallery.

The oil gallery 15 extends in the axial direction of the engine. Although the feed hole 16 extends downward from the oil gallery 15, the feed hole 16 does not extend directly below but extends obliquely downward.

In FIG. 3, 22 is an upper metal, 23 is a lower metal, 24 is a cap, and 29 is a cap 24 for the bearing unit 1.
It is a bolt fixed to 7.

An oil passage 40 extending in the circumferential direction of the bearing portion 17 is provided at the tip of the feed hole 16.
Reference numeral 0 is a part of the feed hole 16 which is directly connected to the feed hole 16. As is apparent from the figure, this oil passage 40 is provided with the oil groove 34 described above.
Is provided on the back surface (that is, back to back with the oil groove 34) and is connected to the oil injection hole 41.

In the case of this embodiment, two or four oil injection holes 41 are provided for one bearing portion 17, and they are respectively directed to the minor thrust direction and the major thrust direction of the cylinder bore. The arrow C represents the injected oil.

Returning to FIG. 1, the bearing portion 17 is composed of a narrow portion 42 and a wide portion 43 from above, and a stepped portion 49 is provided at a connecting portion between the narrow portion 42 and the wide portion 43. . The oil injection hole 41 is opened in the stepped portion 49. In FIG. 3, the stepped portion is denoted by reference numeral 49.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the engine lubrication device according to the first embodiment of the present embodiment.

In FIG. 4, 11 is a cylinder block, and 41
Represents an oil injection hole, and arrow C represents oil to be injected.

In FIG. 4, arrow F indicates the front of the engine, and arrow R
Is the rotation direction of the crankshaft, arrow G is the direction of measurement thrust, and arrow H is the direction of minus thrust.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, two or four oil injection holes 41 are provided for one bearing portion 17, so that a total of four oil holes are provided for one cylinder bore. The oil injection holes 41 are provided in the negative thrust direction and the measure thrust direction of the cylinder bore, respectively. Is directed to.

The operation of this embodiment will be described.

In this embodiment, the oil is as shown in FIG.
The oil is supplied from the oil gallery 15 through the feed hole 16 and the oil passage 40 to the oil injection hole 41. Therefore, since the oil to the cylinder side is continuously and directly supplied without passing through the sliding portion, a sufficient amount of oil is secured, and at the same time, the shearing force and frictional heat from the crankshaft 5 are generated. It is not directly affected, and the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore and the piston 13 are sufficiently lubricated and cooled.

Moreover, the oil supply passage 40 is provided at a position along the upper metal 22 where the load due to the explosion in the combustion chamber (the force that the piston 13 tries to push down the crankshaft 5 via the connecting rod 14) does not act directly. Since it is provided on the back surface of the oil groove 34 on the inner peripheral side among the positions along the upper metal 22, that is, on the back surface of the portion that originally does not support the load from the crankshaft, the bearing metal 22 and 23 support the load. The effect on ability and strength is extremely small.

Further, since it is not necessary to form an oil hole for injecting oil in the connecting rod large end portion 1, the load supporting ability of the connecting rod large end portion 1 is improved as compared with the conventional one.

Further, since the oil injection hole 41 is connected to the oil passage 40 on the outer peripheral portion of the upper metal 22 and is bored in the bearing portion 17, the oil injection direction can be relatively freely selected. Therefore, it becomes possible to supply oil to any position on the inner wall surface of the cylinder bore.

Further, in the present embodiment, since the oil supply passage 40 to the oil injection hole 41 is formed along the outer circumference of the upper metal 22, when the oil injection hole 41 of the present embodiment is bored, it is necessary to start from FIG. As you can see, the bearing 41
The oil injection hole 4
It's easy to make one.

Further, in this embodiment, the oil injection hole 41 is provided in the bearing portion 17, so that it can be applied not only to the metal cylinder but also to a general engine and has versatility.

Further, in this embodiment, since oil is not injected from the connecting rod large end portion 1, the oil supplied to the metals 31 and 32 of the connecting rod large end portion 1 lubricates the metals 31 and 32 of the connecting rod large end portion 1. Just enough. Therefore, the lubrication of the metals 31, 32 of the connecting rod large end portion 1 becomes sufficient.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a part of a lubricating device for an engine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 5, 17 is a bearing portion of the cylinder block, 1
5 is an oil gallery, 16 is a feed hole, and 22 is an upper metal. Moreover, 41 is an oil injection hole.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, an oil nozzle 48 is attached to the tip of the oil injection hole 41.

In FIG. 5, the oil (arrow C) can be injected in any direction by the oil nozzle 48. Since the other points of FIG. 5 are exactly the same as those of the first embodiment, further description will be omitted.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of a part of an engine lubrication device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 6, 17 is a bearing portion of the cylinder block, 1
5 is an oil gallery, 16 is a feed hole, 22 is an upper metal, and 34 is an oil groove. Moreover, 41 is an oil injection hole.

As can be seen from FIG. 6, a large number of oil holes 35 are formed in the oil groove 34. On the other hand, the one shown in FIG. 2 has only one oil hole 35. This point is a feature of this embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the upper metal of FIG. 7th
In the figure, 22 is an upper metal, 34 is an oil groove, 3
5 is an oil hole. It can be seen from FIG. 7 that a total of 5 oil holes are provided.

Since the other matters in FIGS. 6 and 7 are exactly the same as those in the first embodiment, further description will be omitted.

Although the specific embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various embodiments are included within the scope of the utility model registration claim.

[Effect of device]

According to the present invention, the oil to the sliding surface of the crankshaft and the connecting rod is supplied through the oil groove formed along the inner peripheral surface of the upper metal, and the oil to the oil injection hole provided on the cylinder side is supplied. Is supplied from an oil passage formed along the outer peripheral surface of the upper metal on the back surface of the oil groove and directly connected to the feed hole on the cylinder side.

Therefore, the oil to the oil injection hole is continuously supplied without being directly affected by the shearing force and the frictional heat of the crankshaft, so that the oil having a relatively low temperature can be sufficiently supplied to the cylinder side.

Moreover, the oil supply passage to the oil injection hole is provided at a position along the upper metal where the load due to the explosion in the combustion chamber (the force that the piston tries to push down the crankshaft via the connecting rod) does not act directly. Since it is provided on the back surface of the oil groove on the inner circumference side of the position along the upper metal, that is, on the back surface of the part that originally does not support the load from the crankshaft, the load bearing capacity and strength of the bearing metal part can be improved. The impact is extremely small.

In addition, since the oil supply passage to the oil injection hole is branched from the bearing metal portion, the degree of freedom in designing the lubrication position is high, the manufacturing is simple, and the versatility is applicable to general engines.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an engine lubrication device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the upper metal of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is III-III of FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an engine lubrication device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a part of an engine lubrication device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a part of a lubricating device for an engine according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a bottom view of the upper metal of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a conventional engine. Fig. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the lubricating system of Fig. 9 (reprinted from the drawing in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 60-26229). Fig. 10 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of another conventional engine lubrication device (actual exploitation 56-27315). The one reproduced in the drawing)
Is. 5 …… Crank shaft 11 …… Cylinder block 15 …… Oil gallery 16 …… Feed hole 17 …… Bearing part 22 …… Bearing metal (upper metal) 23 …… Bearing metal (lower metal) 24 …… Cap 41 …… Oil injection Hole

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A crankshaft is rotatably supported by a bearing portion provided on a cylinder block via a bearing metal, and the bearing metal is composed of an upper metal located on the cylinder side and a lower metal located on the opposite side. A lubrication device for an engine, comprising a feed hole that extends from an oil gallery located on the cylinder side with respect to the bearing portion toward the upper metal, the feed hole serving as an oil supply passage to a crankshaft. It is connected to an oil groove formed along the inner peripheral surface of the upper metal, and is formed on the back surface of the oil groove along the outer peripheral surface of the upper metal as an oil supply passage to an oil injection hole provided on the cylinder side. Of the engine characterized by being directly connected to the oil passage Lubrication device.