JPH06143987A - Heating equipment of electric car - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a comfortable, clean, and safe electric vehicle heating system by catalytic combustion. [Structure] Fuel tank 3 and combustion section 4 having a catalytic combustor
The heat circulating path 5 and the heat exchanging device 6 are provided, and the combustion unit 4 and the driving battery 2 are placed in a battery chamber 26 having a heat insulating wall 25.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating device for an electric vehicle, which burns a gas or liquid fuel and uses the heat of combustion to heat the interior of the vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional heating devices for electric vehicles are those that perform heating with a heat pump driven by electricity from a battery that is a power source of the electric vehicle, or those that utilize a heat storage material.

[0003]

The power source of an electric vehicle is a battery. Therefore, the drive motor and the heating / cooling device are operated by the electric energy stored in the battery. Therefore 4000 kcal / h ~ 500
Extracting the vehicle heating load, which is called 0 kcal / h, from the electric energy of the battery poses a problem of placing a considerable burden on the battery.

Considering use in cold regions, the outside temperature is -20 ° C for domestic specifications and -3 for overseas specifications.
It must be considered up to 0 ° C. On the other hand, the performance of the battery is affected by the outside temperature, and the capacity of the battery also decreases as the outside temperature decreases. Therefore, the lower the outside air temperature, the lower the capacity of the battery and the problem that comfortable running performance cannot be obtained.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating device which can solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, provides comfortable running performance, and is safe and clean.

[0006]

To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a fuel tank, a fuel supply device, a combustion air supply device, a combustion chamber having a combustion body carrying a catalyst, and a combustion chamber. A heat exchange device that uses combustion heat in a room for heating is provided, and the combustion chamber and the drive battery are placed in a battery room having a heat insulating wall.

A second invention is a fuel tank, a fuel supply device, a combustion air supply device, a combustion chamber having a catalyst carrying a catalyst, and a heat circulation path for circulating combustion heat in the combustion chamber. A heat exchange device that uses the combustion heat supplied through the heat circulation path for heating, and a means for heating the drive battery is provided in at least one of the exhaust gas path and the heat circulation path of the combustion chamber. .

[0008]

In the catalytic combustion, since the activation energy of the combustion reaction can be reduced by the catalytic action, the combustion temperature can be lowered to perform the combustion. The present invention applies this, and uses a combustor to which catalytic combustion is applied as a heating device for an electric vehicle. In the catalytic combustion, the combustion temperature can be suppressed within the range of 500 ° C. to 900 ° C. by the function of the catalyst. It is generally said that the NOx generation temperature is 1400 ° C or higher. Therefore, if catalytic combustion is used, NOx
The combustion reaction can be performed without the generation of x. Therefore, when catalytic combustion is used in the combustor of the electric vehicle heater as in the present invention, NOx is not generated at all.

In the first aspect of the invention, the clean catalytic combustion chamber is placed near the drive battery. When operating the heating device, the outside temperature is considerably low. Considering use in cold regions, the outside temperature must be considered up to -20 ° C for domestic specifications and -30 ° C for overseas specifications. On the other hand, the performance of the battery is affected by the outside temperature, and the capacity of the battery also decreases as the outside temperature decreases. Therefore, the lower the outside air temperature, the greater the burden on the battery, but the lower the battery capacity.

On the other hand, the outer wall of the combustion chamber has a high temperature due to the heat of combustion, and the air in the vicinity of the outer wall surface of the combustion chamber is warmed by the heat of combustion and has a high temperature. Therefore, when the combustion chamber and the drive battery are placed in the battery chamber that has the heat insulation wall,
While the heating device is operating, the temperature inside the battery chamber rises and the temperature of the drive battery also rises.

Therefore, with a very simple structure, the driving battery is heated by the constant heat radiation from the outer wall of the combustion chamber during the heating operation, and the deterioration of the capacity of the battery due to the decrease of the outside temperature is prevented. .

The second invention provides a heat exchanger for heating the drive battery in at least one of the exhaust gas passage and the heat circulation passage of the combustion chamber. During operation, the drive battery is heated by utilizing the heat of combustion, which prevents the deterioration of the battery capacity due to the decrease of the outside temperature.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is an electric vehicle main body and 2 is a drive battery. The fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 3, burned in the combustion section 4, and the combustion heat is supplied to the heat exchanger 6 through the heat circulation path 5 to heat the inside of the vehicle. Here, the combustion section 4 has a structure as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2, 3 is a fuel tank. The fuel in the fuel tank 3 is supplied to the carburetor 9 by the fuel pump 8 via the filter 7. The vaporizer 9 has a heater for vaporizing fuel and a temperature sensor (both not shown),
The fuel can be vaporized at the optimum temperature. The combustion air is supplied from the combustion blower 10 to the vaporizer 9 via the flow rate controller 11. The vaporized fuel and combustion air are mixed in the vaporizer 9, and the premixed gas is supplied to the combustion chamber 12.

A combustion body 1 carrying a catalyst in the combustion chamber 12
3. For example, a ceramic honeycomb carrying a precious metal catalyst such as platinum or palladium is provided. In advance, an electric current from a battery (not shown) is applied to the catalyst heating heater 14 to heat the combustion body 13. Combustion body 1
When the catalyst temperature controller 16 detects that the catalyst has reached the activation temperature by the signal from the sensor 15 that detects the temperature of 3, the premixture is supplied to the combustion chamber 12. When the premixed gas comes into contact with the catalyst surface of the combustor 13, catalytic combustion is started on the catalyst surface. Combustion heat generated during catalytic combustion is exchanged with circulating water inside by a water jacket 17 covering the combustion chamber 12, and exhaust gas is released to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe 18. The circulating water having a high temperature in the water jacket 17 is supplied to the heat exchanger 21 by the circulation pump 19 via the circulation path 20. In the heat exchanger 21, the blower motor 22 rotates the blower fan 23 to exchange heat from the hot circulating water to warm air, and the warm air is supplied into the vehicle for heating. The circulating water that has undergone heat exchange with warm air in the heat exchanger 21 and has a low temperature is returned to the water jacket 17 again to absorb the combustion heat.

Although the above embodiment has described the water circulation system as the heat exchange device, even if the combustion heat generated in the combustion chamber 12 is exchanged with the heating air and the heated air is circulated to heat the inside of the vehicle. , Has a similar effect.

Here, the air-fuel ratio of the premixed gas supplied to the combustion chamber 12 is determined by the fuel supply amount and the combustion air supply amount. In the present embodiment, the air-fuel ratio control device 24 is provided, and by controlling the fuel pump 8 and the flow rate controller 11, at least one of the fuel supply amount and the combustion air supply amount is controlled and supplied to the combustion chamber 12. The air-fuel ratio of the premixed gas is kept outside the flammable range.

Therefore, when the combustion chamber 12 is constituted by the combustion body 13 carrying a catalyst as in this embodiment, the catalytic combustion can reduce the activation energy of the combustion reaction due to the action of the catalyst, so that the flame combustion is performed. It is possible to carry out catalytic combustion even with a premixed gas outside the flammable range, which was not possible with. Therefore, the combustion temperature of catalytic combustion can be suppressed to a temperature extremely lower than that of flame combustion. Usually 1500 ℃ ~ 17
A combustion temperature of about 00 ° C can be lowered to about 500 ° C to 900 ° C. Therefore, since the combustion can be performed at a temperature significantly lower than 1400 ° C., which is said to generate NOx, NOx is hardly generated during the combustion. Therefore, even if a combustion-type heating device is used as a heater for an electric vehicle, a heating device to which a catalytic combustor as in this embodiment is applied does not impair the cleanliness of the electric vehicle and provides comfortable heating. It can be performed.

Further, when a combustion device using flame combustion is used for a heater of an automobile, safety at the time of collision becomes a problem.
Especially in the case of electric vehicles, it is inevitable that the weight of the battery itself will be considerably heavy in order to improve the traveling ability.
In addition, the weight of vehicles has been reduced, and the combustion chamber for heating is easily broken in the event of a collision, and there is a risk of ignition and explosion. This is because if flame combustion is used as the combustion method, the air-fuel ratio of the premixture must be controlled within the combustible range in order to maintain a stable flame during combustion, which increases the risk of collision. Is.

However, in this embodiment, since the catalytic combustion is applied as the combustion method, the air-fuel ratio control device 24
Control is performed so that the air-fuel ratio of the premixed air is maintained outside the combustible range, and the premixed air is supplied to the combustion chamber 12. Therefore, even if an automobile collides with the combustion chamber 12 and the premixed air leaks to the outside, the air-fuel ratio of the premixed air is out of the combustible range, so that there is a risk of explosion or ignition. Not very safe.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, such a combustion unit 4 together with the drive battery 2 is provided with a heat insulating wall 25.
It is mounted in a battery chamber 26 having a. When operating the heating device inside the vehicle while traveling, the outside temperature is considerably low. Considering use in cold regions, the outside temperature is -20 ℃ for domestic specifications, and −20 for overseas specifications.
Up to 30 ° C must be considered. On the other hand, the performance of the driving battery 2 is affected by the outside temperature, the temperature of the battery is lowered, and the capacity of the battery is also reduced with the outside temperature.

On the other hand, the outer wall of the combustion section 4 has a high temperature due to the heat of combustion, and the heat of combustion is radiated from the outer wall of the combustion section 4 to the surroundings. Since the combustion unit 4 is inside the battery chamber 26 surrounded by the heat insulation wall 25, the heat radiation from the outer wall of the combustion unit 4 does not escape to the outside and heats the inside of the battery chamber 26. Therefore, during the heating operation, heat is dissipated from the outer wall of the combustion section 4 and the battery chamber 26
The temperature inside rises. For this purpose, the drive battery 2
Temperature also rises.

Therefore, during the heating operation, the driving battery 2 is constantly heated by the heat radiation from the outer wall surface of the combustion section 4. Therefore, even when the outside temperature is low, which requires heating operation, the temperature of the driving battery 2 can be increased, and the deterioration of the battery capacity due to the decrease of the outside temperature can be prevented, which is comfortable. Driving performance can be obtained.

The characteristic configuration of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A heating device 27 for heating the drive battery 2 with the exhaust gas is provided in the middle of the exhaust pipe 18. The combustion gas generated by the catalytic combustion is heat-exchanged by the water jacket 17 that covers the combustion chamber 12, and then passes through the exhaust pipe 18 to pass through the heating device 27.
Is supplied to. The heating device 27 is configured so that the exhaust gas flows along the periphery of the drive battery 2.
For this reason, when the outside air temperature that requires heating operation is low, the drive battery 2 can be heated by the amount of exhaust heat of the exhaust gas. Therefore, the driving battery 2 is constantly heated by the amount of heat of the exhaust gas during traveling, so that the temperature of the driving battery 2 can be raised and the deterioration of the battery capacity due to the decrease of the outside temperature can be prevented. It is possible to obtain comfortable running performance.

Another characteristic embodiment of the second invention will be described with reference to FIG. Combustion heat generated during catalytic combustion is exchanged with circulating water inside by a water jacket 17 covering the combustion chamber 12, and exhaust gas is released to the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe 18. Water jacket 1
The circulating water having a high temperature in 7 is heated by the circulation pump 19 via the circulation path 20 and the heating device 28 for the drive battery 2.
And is supplied to the heat exchanger 21. In the heat exchanger 21, the blower motor 22 rotates the blower fan 23 to exchange heat from the hot circulating water to warm air, and the warm air is supplied into the vehicle for heating. The circulating water that has undergone heat exchange with warm air in the heat exchanger 21 and has a low temperature is returned to the water jacket 17 again to absorb the combustion heat.

In the present embodiment, the heating device 28 is constructed so that the circulating water flows along the periphery of the drive battery 2. Therefore, the driving battery 2 can be heated by the high-temperature circulating water when the outside air temperature that requires heating operation is low. Therefore, the driving battery 2 is constantly heated by the circulating water during traveling, the temperature of the driving battery 2 can be increased, and the deterioration of the battery capacity due to the decrease of the outside temperature can be prevented. You can obtain comfortable driving performance.

[0027]

As is apparent from the description of the above embodiment, the first aspect of the present invention is directed to a fuel tank, a fuel supply device, a combustion air supply device, a combustion chamber having a combustion body carrying a catalyst, and a combustion chamber. A heat exchange device that uses combustion heat in the room for heating is provided, and by placing the combustion chamber and the drive battery in a battery chamber having an insulating wall, a safe and clean heating device is provided, and the outside temperature It is possible to prevent the deterioration of the battery capacity due to the decrease of
You can obtain comfortable driving performance.

A second invention is a fuel tank, a fuel supply device, a combustion air supply device, a combustion chamber having a catalyst carrying a catalyst, and a heat circulation path for circulating combustion heat in the combustion chamber. Consisting of a heat exchange device that utilizes the combustion heat supplied by the heat circulation path for heating, at least one of the exhaust gas path or the heat circulation path of the combustion chamber, by providing a means for heating the drive battery, It is possible to provide a safe and clean heating device, prevent the deterioration of the battery capacity due to a decrease in the outside temperature, and obtain comfortable driving performance.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heating device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the first invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a combustion unit in an embodiment of the first invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a heating device for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the second invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a heating device for an electric vehicle according to another embodiment of the second invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Electric Vehicle Main Body 2 Drive Battery 3 Fuel Tank 4 Combustion Section 8 Fuel Pump 9 Vaporizer 10 Combustion Blower 12 Combustion Chamber 13 Combustor 21 Heat Exchanger 24 Air-Fuel Ratio Control Device 26 Battery Chamber 27, 28 Heating Device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fuel tank, a fuel supply device, a combustion air supply device, a combustion chamber having a combustor carrying a catalyst, and a heat exchange device for utilizing combustion heat in the combustion chamber for heating. A heating device for an electric vehicle in which the combustion chamber and a driving battery are placed in a battery chamber having a heat insulating wall. 2. A fuel tank, a fuel supply device, a combustion air supply device, a combustion chamber having a combustion body carrying a catalyst, a heat circulation path for circulating combustion heat in the combustion chamber, and a heat circulation path. A heating device for an electric vehicle, which comprises a heat exchange device for utilizing the combustion heat supplied by the heating device for heating, and a means for heating a driving battery is provided in at least one of an exhaust gas path of the combustion chamber and a heat circulation path of the combustion chamber. apparatus.