JPH0617565B2 - Still water construction method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an improvement of a waterproof construction method for waterproofing or shielding wastes at the bottom or revetment of a pond or river. .

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, there are many cases where a pond in a park, a water resource for greening, an artificial pond such as a hazard at a golf course, or an industrial waste disposal site is often created in a place that is not originally suitable for a reservoir pond. It is desired to be provided.

By the way, the water-stop construction method that has been used for a long time uses a finely-grained clay called blade metal soil, and this clay is applied to the bottom of a pond bottom, an industrial waste disposal site, etc. It is a method of rolling to reduce the gap between soil particles,
A clay layer with a so-called water stopping effect was artificially constructed on the ground. However, up until today, there are many cases where the cutting edge soil itself is not in the neighboring area, and therefore, a large amount of soil is transported from a distance, which is not only an economic problem,
There were also problems such as dust scattering during transportation.

Therefore, recently, a water-stopping construction method using various water-stopping agents has been adopted, and among them, a water-stopping construction method using bentonite, which is a kind of montmorillonite clay mineral, is widely used. By the way, the waterproof construction method using bentonite can be classified into settlement method, layered method and mixing method. The subsidence method is a method in which granular bentonite is sprayed intensively from the water surface when there is a leaking point in an existing reservoir or the like, and is used for sudden restoration work. The layered method is a method in which an appropriate amount of bentonite according to the design is sprayed on a leveled flat surface to stop water, a complete water stop layer of bentonite is formed, and then soil is covered and compacted. In addition, the mixing method is a method of mixing an appropriate amount of local soil or soil with bentonite in design and rolling.

In most of the above methods, the settlement method uses natural fall in water and the leak location is not known for certain, so it is rarely used at present except for special cases such as emergency use. . Therefore, at present, most of the mixing method or layered method is adopted, and the amount of bentonite is calculated according to the permeability coefficient designed by the permeability tester, and the safety ratio is checked to determine the blending amount and blending ratio.

In any case, since these construction methods only mix or thinly bend bentonite into the on-site soil, the amount of material to be transported is small, and due to the property of swelling about 2 to 10 times when water is contained, it is between particles. Since it uses the property of eliminating water with gaps and stopping water, even if a crack occurs in the water-stop layer for some reason, it has the ability to close due to swelling of the water-stop material itself. It can be said that this is a construction method for waterproofing.

Originally, the water-stopping construction method using bentonite has been used since the 1945's for the improvement of water leakage excess Tada. In order to improve the leaky rice field, moderate water leakage is also necessary for the roots of rice, so it is said that a moderate hydraulic conductivity of about 1 × 10 ^-4 is sufficient, but in the case of a circulating fountain pond, etc. When designed in consideration of water shortage in the summer, it often requires a hydraulic conductivity of 1 × 10 ^-6 to 10 ^-7 or more, and it is not limited to simply using bentonite, and it is necessary to improve the quality of water-stopping materials. There was a desire for the construction of a water-stop layer with high water-stop performance, including improvements in construction.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the above, the hydraulic conductivity usually represents a velocity and refers to a passage distance of a liquid that passes through a predetermined space in a certain time. However, in reality, since there is no filler having a hydraulic conductivity of 0,
In practical terms, whether or not the transit time of a liquid passing through a certain space is within the time allowed in design or in practice is an important issue in considering the hydraulic conductivity. In other words, the important factor in designing the water permeability is not only the characteristics of the filling material, that is, the waterproof agent, in the predetermined space, but also the thickness thereof. The water-stopping effect can be mentioned. In this respect, conventionally, there is a large tendency to attach importance to the quality characteristics of the former filler, that is, waterproofness and weather resistance, and the importance of research and development is also placed in these points, and the latter has little consideration for the thickness. Even in actual construction, the control condition regarding thickness is insufficient. For example, how many bags to use per square meter, how many times to apply with a brush, or how many times to spray, etc. are the management criteria for construction. However, in terms of thickness, it was regarded as equal in both research and development and construction.

These points will be specifically described below together with the construction method in the conventional layered waterproof construction method using bentonite.

(B) First, remove the local board with Yumbo or the like.

(B) Level the ground that has been stripped with tire rollers.

(C) Area of 25 kg of bentonite calculated from the compounding rate is divided by lime.

(D) Bring bentonite into each compartment.

(E) Open the bag in the compartment and spray.

(F) Apply with a rake.

(G) Lay out sheets to avoid mixing with backfill soil.

(H) Cover the soil for 20 to 30 cm.

(I) Roll the rollers from above with tire rollers, plates, etc.

The above is a typical example of the process of the layered method, but since the steps (e) and (f) are carried out by the operator's manual work or machine operation, it largely depends on the feeling and ability of the operator,
As for the spray amount, there is a tendency to additionally spray an extra amount in consideration of safety, which is not only uneconomical, but also causes variation in the spray amount between each section, and uniform evenness in distribution. However, it was difficult to obtain a uniform water-stop layer over the entire surface. In addition, the soil stripped in the process of (h) is carried into the compartment from the side with a yunbo or bulldozer, but if the soil is thrown into the compartment with a yunbo or the like, the thickness will change due to the impact. The tendency is even stronger when covering soil from the side with a bulldozer. The thickness also changes when a worker moves within the compartment. That is, the fragility of the water blocking layer that was constructed was also a factor that reduced the thickness and lost uniformity.

Also, when a water blocking layer is constructed on a slope of 25 ° or more using a granular water blocking agent, the water blocking agent flows downward, causing variations in the thickness between the upper and lower portions, resulting in a uniform layer. There was also a problem that construction of was extremely difficult.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, in a spraying amount of the minimum required waterproofing agent, a waterproofing layer having a predetermined thickness as uniform as possible, An object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof construction method that can be constructed by simple and quick work and that does not impair the uniformity of the waterproof layer in terms of slope.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention, when spraying a waterproofing agent, lays on a ground such as stripped soil or concrete, laying a multi-partition material consisting of a large number of void structures with open space in advance, After that, a construction method was adopted in which a waterproofing agent was sprayed and filled in the voids of the multi-partition material to construct a waterproofing layer having a uniform thickness.

The multi-partition material here means a three-dimensional structural material having a large number of voids in the top and bottom, and for example, the unit partition shape may be a pillar shape such as a triangular pillar, a hexagonal pillar, or a cylinder. It is also possible to adopt a multi-partition material in which a plurality of these pillar shapes are combined. By the way, in manufacturing this multi-partition material, a configuration in which a plurality of unit partition materials corresponding to the above-described unit partition shape are joined can be adopted, but at least one plate-shaped material is bent and formed to have a predetermined number of voids. It may also be manufactured as a so-called partitioned structure having. Mochi theory It is possible to combine the above-mentioned joined structure of the unit bulkhead material and the partitioned structure of the plate-shaped material. Specifically, since the multi-partition material of the honeycomb structure A or the corrugated structure B shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a ready-made product, it is convenient to use it. The material of the multi-partition material is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from synthetic fibers, synthetic resins, natural fibers, or inorganic materials alone or a mixed material thereof, but preferably a hard material, in terms of strength. This is appropriate because it can be further improved.

In addition, since the multi-partition material has a hollow structure in which the top and bottom are empty, the thickness of the water blocking layer can be controlled by appropriately adjusting the depth of the material. Therefore, the desired depth may be appropriately set according to the application site. In addition, it is appropriate to make the multi-partition material into a foldable configuration for the convenience of carrying.

On the other hand, the waterproofing agent used in this construction method is not particularly limited as long as it has an existing organic polymer or an inorganic material as a main component, but examples of the organic polymer include polyacrylates and polyvinyl alcohol. , Polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetate or C
MC etc. can be used. As the inorganic water blocking agent, for example, natural products or synthetic products of clay minerals such as montmorillonite genus bentonite, beidellite, nontronite, saponite, hectorite or holmite genus attapulgite, and sepiolite can be used. The properties of the waterproofing agent are not particularly limited by this construction method, and powder, granules, powder granules,
A viscous liquid or the like can be appropriately adopted. However, in the case of using a powdery or granular waterproofing agent in the case of a steep slope, a waterproofing layer having a thickness as uniform as possible is formed in the present invention, but in order to further ensure the uniformity. It is appropriate to adopt a water-blocking agent with adhesiveness, and if the water-blocking agent itself has poor adhesiveness, a measure to improve the tackiness by using a binder that does not affect the water-stopping performance of the water-blocking agent. It is desirable to adopt. In the case of a liquid waterproofing agent, it is appropriate to use one having high viscosity.

[Action]

Since the present invention employs the above-described configuration, the spray of the waterproofing agent has a uniform height if it is filled into a unit void having a constant height so as to fill the void, Moreover, a water blocking layer having a predetermined thickness can be formed. That is, a uniform waterproof layer can be easily obtained. Conventional work relied on the feeling and ability of the operator, but this method eliminates such uncertainties and arranges and fills materials with unit voids that have a predetermined thickness or height. Only by doing so, it was possible to reliably form a water stop layer having a uniform desired thickness. Therefore, unlike the conventional case, it is not necessary to spray an excessive amount of the waterproofing agent more than necessary, and the economy is improved. Further, since the materials are simply arranged, the troublesome partitioning of the related art is not required, and the work can be performed quickly.

In addition, since the entire waterproofing layer is in a state of being fitted in a large number of small frames of multi-partition material, the multi-partition material and the water blocking agent complement each other in terms of strength, and synergistically increase strength. . Therefore, even if the worker moves on the water stop layer, or even if the soil is covered with a Yumbo or a bulldozer, sufficient strength can be secured, further improving workability and making the thickness of the water stop layer uniform. This point is also achieved.

Even if a water stop layer is constructed on a steep slope, the water stop layer is separately and independently confined inside the subdivided partition voids, and is stratified as an aggregate. If the liquid medicine has such a tackiness that it does not flow downward, it is possible to prevent the water blocking layer as a whole from flowing downward. Therefore, a water stop layer having a uniform thickness can be obtained.

〔Example〕

Example 1 In the following, a water-stopping construction method for a pond bottom, an industrial waste treatment plant, and the like will be described with an example in which the treated ground is soil.

First, the local board is stripped with Yumbo or the like. Roll the soil that has been stripped off with a roller such as a tire roller. Next, a multi-partition material with a designed thickness is laid on this ground. A waterstop is sprayed and filled into the voids of the multi-partition material. On top of this, soil is coated as a protective layer. Roll over the soil again with tire rollers. When using a protective layer that can react with waterproofing agents such as concrete or asphalt, cover it with multi-partition material or lay a temporary vinyl sheet to prevent it from coming into direct contact. Place concrete on top.

Further, the above-mentioned construction example is a case of constructing a protective layer on a waterproof layer having a multi-partition material, but if the waterproof agent itself has strength, it may not be necessary to construct the protective layer. It is a mochi theory.

When constructing the water blocking layer on a steep slope or a vertical surface, it is preferable to add an operation of fixing the multi-partition material at a predetermined position in the above-mentioned work step of laying the multi-partition material.

Example 2 When the ground to be treated for waterproofing is a concrete skeleton, first, the skeleton is checked beforehand for any junkers, pinholes, etc., and if necessary, repaired, and then a multi-partition material having a designed thickness is used. It suffices to lay it on this frame, and then spray and fill the multi-partition material with a waterproofing agent.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the present invention aims to construct a water blocking layer having a constant and uniform thickness on the construction surface, focusing on the point of the thickness, not the improvement of the water blocking agent from the improvement of the quality characteristics of the water blocking agent. As a means for this, a new process which has not been used in the past, in which a water blocking agent is dispersed and filled in a multi-partition material, is introduced. Therefore, it is possible to ensure the uniformization and uniformization of the thickness of the water blocking layer, which has never been achieved in the past, by a simple means, and also to simplify the work process and work safety,
We were able to demonstrate speed and economy. Furthermore, the strength of the constructed water-stop layer was also improved, which provided an extremely large water-stop construction method that contributes to the relevant technical field.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 and 2 are perspective views showing an example of a multi-partition material used in the present invention.

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. In a water-stopping construction method of constructing a water-stop layer by spraying a water-stop agent on the soil that has been stripped or on the ground such as concrete, when the water-stop agent is sprayed, the space above and below the ground is vacant. Laying a multi-partition material consisting of a large number of void structures, and then by spraying and filling the water blocking agent in the voids of this multi-partition material,
A waterproof construction method characterized by constructing a waterproof layer having a uniform thickness. 2. The waterproof construction method according to claim 1, wherein the unit partition of the multi-partition material has a pillar shape. 3. The waterproof construction method according to claim 2, wherein the multi-partition material is composed of a single or a combination of plural kinds of pillar shapes. 4. The water-stopping construction method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the multi-partition material is a joined product of unit partition materials. 5. The waterproof construction method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the multi-partition material is a partitioned structure composed of at least one plate-shaped material. 6. The waterproof construction method according to claim 4, wherein the multi-partition material has a honeycomb or corrugated structure. 7. The waterproof construction method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the multi-partition material is a combination of a united wall material joined product and a plate-shaped material partitioned structure. 8. A multi-partition material comprising synthetic fibers, synthetic resins, natural fibers, or an inorganic material, either alone or as a mixture, as claimed in claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, claim 5, and claim 5.
The water-stopping construction method according to item 6 or 7. 9. The water-stopping construction method according to claim 8, wherein the multi-partition material is made of a hard material. 10. The water blocking agent is a powder, granules, or viscous liquid, which is claimed in claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, and claim 5.
The water-stopping construction method according to item 5, item 6, item 7, item 8 or item 9. 11. The waterproof construction method according to claim 10, wherein the waterproofing agent is an organic polymer or an inorganic material alone or as a mixture. 12. The organic polymer is polyacrylates,
The waterproof construction method according to claim 11, which is polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetate or CMC. 13. The inorganic material is bentonite of the genus Montmorillonite, beidellite, nontronite, saponite, hectorite or attapulgite of the holmite genus,
12. The waterproof construction method according to claim 11, which is a natural product or a synthetic product of a clay mineral such as sepiolite.