JPH062002B2 - Sprinkler amount control device for fertilizer spreaders - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a spraying amount adjusting device in a spreader for fertilizer or the like.

(Prior Art) As a spraying amount adjusting device in a conventional fertilizer spraying machine, there is, for example, one described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-57068.

In this product, a bell crank-shaped adjusting lever for opening and closing a shutter provided on the bottom of the hopper of a fertilizer spreader is supported by the hopper via a bracket, and the tooth portion of a toothed scale plate is attached to the bracket protruding from the hopper. The stopper is fitted axially, and a stopper that is elastically pulled toward the support pin side of the adjusting lever is engaged with the tooth portion of the toothed scale plate. The engagement position between this stopper and the tooth portion of the scale plate is a spring. By changing the resistance and moving the shutter, the opening of the fertilizer drop port at the bottom of the hopper is changed to adjust the amount of fertilizer sprayed.

Also, in powder spreaders such as fertilizers, the disk shutter facing the fertilizer drop opening at the bottom of the hopper is rotated and adjusted by the lever with the adjusting screw to change the opening of the fertilizer drop opening, and the fertilizer spread amount. The one that allows the adjustment of
-45486 gazette.

Further, in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 53-62816, a peripheral wall portion is provided with a hitch member for mounting on a tractor, and the bottom wall portion has a cross section V.
On the center line of the letter-shaped fertilizer tank low wall, a large number of spouts are formed at an appropriate interval, and the fertilizer spraying amount adjusting plate of the same shape is slidably contacted to the bottom surface of the tank bottom wall, The adjusting plate is provided with a guide member for guiding its movement in the longitudinal direction, and when stopped at an arbitrary position, the same number of restriction holes matching the above-mentioned spouts are formed at the same intervals, and the adjusting member is rotatable by a bearing member. Kinematically supported, the base end of the operating lever is connected to a pivot connected to the adjusting plate via a connecting rod so as to be able to move up and down, and movement of the adjusting plate can be adjusted by operating the lever. There is described a fertilizer spraying device in which a regulating plate fixedly mounted on the scale is provided for supporting the regulating plate at an arbitrary lever angle, and the adjusting plate is biased in an arbitrary longitudinal direction by a compression spring. Since it does not have it and uses the free fall of fertilizer, Not only the part but also the front part of the tractor can be installed by replacing the hitch member, the operation of adjusting the amount of fertilizer sprayed becomes easy, and the structure is greatly simplified to minimize the cause of failure, and There is a statement that it promotes a large cost reduction and is extremely economically advantageous.

Further, in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 58-117815, an appropriate number of fertilizer tanks are connected by a cross member and arranged side by side on a frame connected to the rear of the tractor. Each of the receiving boxes is arranged so as to project rearward, and an opening / closing adjustment plate is provided in the middle of the receiving box so as to be vertically movable,
A horizontal rod movably provided on the rear side of the fertilizer tank is connected to each opening / closing adjustment plate by a link, and a tip end of a piston rod of a cylinder arranged in the left-right direction by attaching a base end to the horizontal member is horizontally By connecting the cylinder to the rod and the cylinder and the directional control valve with a switching lever that is detachably attached to the tractor near the driver's seat and communicates with the hydraulic pressure generator of the tractor with a hose, the driver can While operating the tractor, by operating the switching lever of the directional switching valve near the driver's seat according to the soil condition of the field, pressure oil is alternately introduced to the cylinder base or tip of the multi-row fertilizer applicator,
A device is described in which a horizontal rod is moved left and right by hydraulic pressure, and all the opening / closing control plates are simultaneously moved up and down from the horizontal rod via a link to increase or decrease the amount of fertilizer applied.

Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-289809, in an agricultural spreader that is connected to a tractor with a cabin and sprays fertilizer and pesticide, an opening / closing lever is connected to a shutter along the bottom of a hopper via an intermediary member. A limit switch is provided on the movement path of the opening / closing lever to restrict the movement limit by contacting the opening / closing lever, and the disclosed lever is connected to a transmission member driven by a motor or a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder. However, the opening / closing device of the agricultural spreader in which the operation switch of the motor or the hydraulic cylinder is provided around the driver's seat in the cabin is described.

(Problems in the prior art) However, in both the Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-57068 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-45486, the fertilizer at the bottom of the hopper is moved by moving the shutter provided at the bottom of the hopper. Although the amount of fertilizer sprayed can be adjusted by changing the opening of the fertilizer, etc., the fertilizer, etc. will be immediately opened by adjusting the shutter in these devices. Therefore, the opening of the fertilizer drop opening must be adjusted directly around the drop opening of the hopper immediately before the start of the fertilizer spraying, and the following problems occur.

When applying fertilizer, etc. to the field, the tractor driver pulling the fertilizer spreader at each start or end of the application of fertilizer etc. so as to adapt to the properties of the target crop and soil, etc. From there, you must move around the spreader, move the shutter at the bottom of the hopper with an adjustment lever, etc. to open / close the drop opening and adjust the opening of the drop opening. It is complicated, especially
In the case of a tractor with a cabin, an operator has to open and close the door of the cabin and repeat the above operation each time the amount of fertilizer or the like is adjusted, which is troublesome.

Further, in the fertilizer spraying device described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 53-62816 and the fertilizer application device for a multi-row fertilizer application described in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 58-117815, both are tractors. From around the driver's seat, if necessary, by operating the operating lever or the directional control valve with lever,
Although the shutter can be moved to adjust the opening of the fertilizer dropping (spraying) port (however, the one described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 53-62816 can be adjusted in stages), but these publications describe fertilizers. There is no description of adjusting and setting the opening of the drop port in advance before the fertilizer spraying work by the fertilizer sprayer, and the fertilizer drop port of the fertilizer sprayer can be changed from time to time on the running tractor. The opening degree can be opened and closed to a desired opening degree, and at that time, the opening degree can be adjusted depending on the switching amount of the operation lever or the switching lever, that is, the degree of adjustment. , It is necessary for the same driver to adjust the opening of such a drop port in accordance with the traveling operation of the tractor, and in particular, finely adjust the opening of the fertilizer drop port by moving the shutter. ,
There is a problem that it is not easy for even a skilled person to perform the driving operation of the tractor together with it.

Further, in the opening / closing device of the agricultural spreader described in JP-A-61-289809, the opening / closing lever connected to the shutter along the bottom of the hopper through the intermediary member is driven by the motor. While connecting the transmission member or the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, the operation switch of the motor or the hydraulic cylinder is provided in the cabin, while the mounting position of the limit switch for limiting the movement limit of the opening / closing lever is provided so as to be adjustable, The shutter on the bottom of the hopper can be remotely operated by the driver of the tractor by operating the switch in the cabin, and the opening of the shutter can be set in advance by adjusting the position of the limit switch before the traveling operation. In that case, it is troublesome to adjust the opening of the shutter by changing the mounting position of the limit switch.討 Mari also, the opening adjustment is done in stages just number mounting position of the limit stitch,
There was a dislike for the minute opening.

In view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional example, the present invention is provided with a drop port 3 at the bottom of hoppers 31 and 41 of spreaders 30 and 40 for fertilizer and the like.
The shutters 37 and 52 for restricting the opening of the shutters 51 and 51 are always urged in the closing direction, and the movement limit of the shutters 37 and 52 is set in advance by a required amount so as to correspond to a desired field soil condition. After the adjustment and setting of the shutters 37 and 52, the shutters 37 and 52 are opened to the set opening by remote operation from around the driver's seat of the tractor 1 so that fertilizer can be sprayed, and the shutter 37 is opened by opening the operation means. , 52 is configured to be automatically closed, so as to provide a spraying amount adjusting device in a sprayer of fertilizer or the like, which does not have the above-mentioned problems.

(Means for Solving Problems) In order to solve the problems of the conventional example, the present invention provides a hydraulic cylinder 11 having a piston rod 13 which is constantly biased in a required direction, at a proper position around the hoppers 31, 41. At the end of the cylinder body 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 11 so as not to be movable in the axial direction of the cylinder body 12 but to be rotatable in its circumferential direction. While the adjusting cylinder 20 is provided, the spray amount adjusting shutters 37 and 52 at the bottoms of the hoppers 31 and 41 and the end portions of the piston rods 13 are connected to the links 27 and 4, respectively.
The hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected to a nut 25, which is connected through an appropriate interlocking means such as 6, 47 and the like, and which is provided in the adjusting cylinder 20 so as to be movable in the axial direction but not rotatable in the circumferential direction.
The screw 23 of the piston rod 13 is screwed.

(Operation) Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, the opening degree of the shutters 37 and 52 provided so as to urge the drop port 52 of the sprayer for fertilizer or the like to be always closed is set to the spraying degree. Prior to the start of the fertilizer application work by the machines 30 and 40,
The stroke of the shutters 37 and 52 is finely adjusted by rotating the adjusting cylinder 20 of the adjusting device 10 in advance to adjust the position of the nut 25 so as to suit the soil condition of the field, while The shutters 37 and 52 are remotely operated from around the driver's seat of the tractor 1 by the hydraulic cylinders 11 provided around the hoppers 30 and 40.
As described above, the pre-adjusted stroke movement is performed to open the drop ports 35 and 51, and at a suitable time, a required amount of fertilizer or the like is sprayed, and by opening the operation means, the shutters 37 and 52 cause the biasing force thereof. As a result, the return ports 35 and 51 are automatically returned to be closed.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of a spraying amount adjusting device in a spreader for fertilizers according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment in which a spray amount adjusting device in a spreader for fertilizer and the like according to the present invention is applied to a lime sower towed by a tractor. .

In the figure, 10 is an adjusting device, 11 is a hydraulic single-acting cylinder, 12 is a cylinder body, 13 is a piston rod rotatably and slidably supported on the cylinder body 12, 14 is a piston, and 15 is the piston 14 at all times. Cylinder body 1
2, a compression spring for elastically pressing to the right side of FIG.
Is a mounting member for mounting the cylinder body 12 to the left side of the bottom of the hopper 31 of the lime sower 30 (FIG. 3), 18 is a pressure oil supply / discharge hose connected to a port at the right end of the cylinder body 12 (FIG. 1), and 20 is the cylinder body 12 Of the adjusting cylinder, which is rotatably mounted on the left side (FIG. 1) of the adjusting cylinder, 21 is an engaging element that is provided at the end of the adjusting cylinder and engages with the ring-shaped groove 16, and 22 is the inside of the prism of the adjusting cylinder 20, Reference numeral 23 designates a screw portion protruding from the left end (FIG. 1) of the cylinder body 12 of the piston rod 13.
4 is a scale for adjusting the amount of spraying, 25 is a nut screwed with the screw portion 23, and the nut 25 engages with the flat inner side 22 of the adjusting cylinder 20 and moves in the axial direction by the rotation of the adjusting cylinder 20. To do. 26 is a fork at the end of the piston rod 13,
27 is the shaft 2 on the bottom wall 34 of the hopper 31 of the lime sower 30.
7A receives the swing link, 27B is a pin on the shutter 37, and the pin 27B engages with the slot 27C at the end of the swing link 27. Reference numeral 32 is a three-point frame attached to the hopper 31, and the three-point frame 32 is suspended by the top link 3 and the lower link 4 of the tractor 1 as shown in FIG. 5, for example, and the lime sower 30 is directly mounted on the tractor 1. To do. Three
3 is a lower pin, 35, 35 ... are bottom walls 34 of the hopper 31.
, A guide port provided on the lower side of the bottom wall 34, and a shutter 37 which is guided by the guide plates 36, 36, ... and reciprocates left and right (FIG. 4). Three
8 and 38 are openings of the shutter 37, and 39 is a hopper 31.
The agitator 39 provided at the inner lower part of the agitator 39 is driven by the PTO shaft (not shown) of the tractor 1 via the universal joint shaft 5.

(Operation of First Embodiment) The frame 32 to which the lime sower 30 is attached is directly mounted on the tractor 1 (see FIG. 5) via the top link 3 and the lower link 4 and is towed to the field to spray fertilizer and the like. In this respect, it is similar to a conventional spreader for fertilizer or the like, but in this embodiment, prior to the spread of fertilizer or the like, first, the adjusting cylinder 20 is rotated to move the nut 25 left and right (Fig. 1). It is adjusted by adjusting the scale 24 (for example, the right side of the nut 25 is "5" of the scale 24) corresponding to the desired spray amount. At this time, the piston rod 13 is constantly elastically pressed by the compression spring 15 to the right side (FIG. 1) of the cylinder body 12 via the piston 14, so that the rotation of the adjusting cylinder 20 causes the left side of the adjusting nut 25 and the adjusting cylinder 20 to rotate. The distance L from the left end (FIG. 1) of the inner wall is adjusted to a desired value.

Next, a switching valve (not shown) is operated from inside the cabin 2 of the tractor 1 (see FIG. 5) to send pressure oil to the right chamber of the cylinder body 12 via the hose 18, and to move the piston 14 against the compression spring 15. When pushed to the left, the piston rod 13 moves to the left by the distance L until the nut 25 comes into contact with the inside of the left end of the adjusting cylinder 20, and engages with the elongated hole 27C of the swing link 27 that swings about the pin 27A as a fulcrum. The shutter 37 moves to the right via the pin 27B, and the degree of superposition between the drop opening 35 of the bottom wall 34 of the hopper 31 and the opening 38 of the shutter 37 corresponds to the distance L (scale "5" in the previous example). 35A,
Fertilizer or the like that is agitated by the agitator 39 that is driven by the PTO shaft of the tractor 1 through the universal drive shaft 5 is sprayed from the drop port 35A to the field.

Each time the fertilizer or the like is sprayed to the destination, when the pressure oil supply to the hydraulic cylinder body 11 is stopped and released, the piston rod 13 returns to the right side (FIG. 1) by the restoring force of the compression spring 15, Accordingly, the shutter 37 connected to the swing link 27 moves to the right through the swing link 27 connected to the fork-shaped portion 26 at the tip of the screw portion 23 integrally formed with the piston rod 13. , The opening 38 for fertilizer or the like is automatically closed.

Although not shown, the screw 2 of the piston rod 13
The scale 24 provided on the third portion may be provided on the portion of the adjusting cylinder 20 facing the nut 25. Further, the compression spring 15 is replaced by a tension spring, and the hose 18 for supplying / discharging pressure oil to / from the cylinder body 12 is provided. The port may be provided on the left side of the cylinder body 12 in which the tension spring is installed.

(Second Embodiment) Next, a second embodiment in which the spraying amount adjusting device for fertilizer and the like according to the present invention is applied to a broadcaster will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. The same names and reference numerals are used for the parts in common with the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, reference numeral 10 denotes an adjusting device including the cylinder body 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the like, which itself is the same as the adjusting device 10 of the first embodiment. Reference numeral 40 is a broad caster, 41 is its hopper, and 42 is a frame attached to the hopper 41.
The broadcaster 40 is directly mounted on the tractor 1 via the lower link 4. Reference numeral 43 is a flywheel, and the flywheel 43 is provided on a mission 44 shaft driven by a universal drive shaft 5 driven by a PTO shaft (not shown) of the tractor 1. 45 is the bell crank 4
6 is a bracket for bearing 6, 47 is a bottom wall 50 of the hopper 41
A link 54 that connects the bracket 54 projecting from the disk-shaped shutter 52 rotatably provided on the lower side and the bell crank 46, 49 is driven by the mission 44, and an agitator (not shown) is attached to the end. Shaft, 51 is hopper 4
1, a fertilizer drop port provided on the bottom wall 50, 53 is an opening of the disk-shaped shutter 52, and 55 is a spray pipe for fertilizer.

(Operation of Second Embodiment) The nut 25 is rotated by the adjusting cylinder 20 of the adjusting device 10, and the piston rod 13 is aligned with the scale 24 of the screw portion 23.
The stroke L is adjusted in the same manner as the adjustment procedure of the first embodiment, but in this embodiment, the fork 26 portion at the end of the piston rod 13 is connected to the bell crank 46 pivotally supported by the bracket 45 and the link. Hopper 4 through 47
Since it is connected to the bracket 54 of the disk-shaped shutter 52 disposed below the bottom wall 50 of No. 1, when the pressure oil is sent to the cylinder body 12 via the hose 18, the disk-shaped shutter 52 moves clockwise ( (FIG. 6), the overlapping portion (51A) of the drop opening 51 of the bottom wall 50 and the opening 53 of the shutter 52 changes according to the moving amount of the piston rod 13, and the spraying amount of fertilizer or the like is adjusted. To be done.

Although not shown, the disc-shaped shutter 52 of this embodiment is not shown.
May be arranged on the upper side of the bottom wall 50 of the hopper 41, and in this case, it may protrude from the hole formed in the side wall of the hopper 41,
A measure for preventing the outflow of fertilizer or the like from the gap between the bracket 54 of the disk-shaped shutter 52 that reciprocates in the hole and the hole is provided.

(Effect of the Invention) Since the present invention has the above-described structure and operates,
The following effects can be obtained.

(1) The shutters 37 and 52 for opening and closing the drop ports 35 and 51 of the bottom walls of the hoppers 31 and 41 are connected to the piston rods 13 and 23 of the hydraulic cylinder 11 which is constantly urged to one side, and the piston rods 13 Adjusting cylinder 20 connected to the
By rotating in advance prior to actual fertilizer application, the stroke is adjusted in advance without moving the piston rods 13, 23, that is, without opening the shutters 37, 52. Before adjusting the stroke of the fertilizer or the like, when adjusting the stroke of the piston rods 13 and 23, there is no fear that the fertilizer or the like will fall unintentionally because the drop ports 35 and 51 are opened.
The piston rod 1 is stopped by stopping and releasing the pressure oil supply to the hydraulic cylinder 11 each time the fertilizer or the like is sprayed.
3, 23 return by the urging force, and the drop ports 35, 51 are automatically closed.

(2) Piston rods 13 and 23 that are constantly urged to one side
The shutters 37 and 52 are opened and closed by operating them against the urging force as needed. Therefore, if the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 11 fails, the shutters 37 and 52 can be operated. , 52 are automatically closed, and there is no fear that fertilizer or the like will inadvertently drop from the drop ports 35, 51.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of a spraying amount adjusting device in a fertilizer spreader according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an adjusting device forming a main part of the first embodiment, and FIG. In Fig. 1
A sectional view taken along the line II-II, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a lime sower with the adjusting device of FIG. 1 attached, with a part cut away, FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the hopper portion, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a side view of a second embodiment in which the adjusting device of the present invention is applied to a broad caster, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 10 ... Adjusting device, 11 ... Hydraulic cylinder, 12 ... Cylinder body, 13, 61 ... Piston rod, 15 ... Compression spring, 20 ... Adjusting cylinder, 23 ... Screw, 25 ... Nut, 30 ... ... Lime sower, 31, 41 ... Hopper, 34, 50 ... Bottom wall, 37, 52 ... Shutter, 40 ... Broadcaster, 42 ... Frame, 46 ... Bell crank, 47 ... Link.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hydraulic cylinder 11 having a piston rod 13 which is constantly biased in a required direction is provided in a suitable position around the hoppers 31, 41 so as not to be movable relative to the hoppers 31, 41, and the hydraulic cylinder 11 is provided. Cylinder body 1
At the end of 2, the adjustment cylinder 20 is provided which is immovable in the axial direction of the cylinder body 12 and rotatable in the circumferential direction thereof.
Shutter 3 for adjusting the spread amount at the bottom of the hoppers 31, 41
7, 52 and the end of the piston rod 13 are connected via an appropriate interlocking device such as links 27, 46, 47,
Further, a screw 23 portion of the piston rod 13 of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is screwed into a nut 25 that is provided in the adjustment cylinder 20 so as to be movable in the axial direction but not rotatable in the circumferential direction. A spraying amount adjusting device for a fertilizer spreader.