JPH0763263B2 - Sprinkler amount control device for fertilizer spreaders - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spraying amount adjusting device in a spreader for fertilizer or the like. As a spraying amount adjusting device in a conventional fertilizer spraying machine, there is, for example, one described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-57068. This is a bell crank type adjusting lever for opening and closing a shutter provided at the bottom of a hopper of a fertilizer spreader.
While bearing on the hopper via a bracket,
The tooth portion of the toothed scale plate is axially attached to the bracket protruding from the hopper, and the tooth portion of the toothed scale plate is engaged with the stopper that is elastically pulled to the bearing pin side of the adjustment lever. By changing the engagement position between the stopper and the tooth portion of the scale plate against the spring and moving the shutter, the opening of the fertilizer drop port at the bottom of the hopper is changed to adjust the amount of fertilizer sprayed. Further, in a powder spreader for fertilizer and the like, a disc-shaped shutter, which is opposed to the fertilizer drop opening at the bottom of the hopper, is rotationally adjusted by a lever with an adjusting screw to change the opening degree of the fertilizer drop opening. What enables the amount of fertilizer sprayed to be adjusted is also described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-45486. Further, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 53-62816, a hitch member for mounting on a tractor is provided on a peripheral wall portion, and a bottom wall portion has a V-shaped cross section, on a lower wall center line of a fertilizer tank,
A large number of spouts are bored at appropriate intervals, and a fertilizer spraying amount adjusting plate of the same shape as this is slidably contacted with the bottom surface of the bottom wall of the tank,
The adjusting plate is provided with a guide member for guiding its movement in the longitudinal direction, and when stopped at an arbitrary position, the same number of restriction holes matching the above-mentioned spouts are formed at the same intervals, and the adjusting member is rotatable by a bearing member. The base end of the operating lever is movably supported by a pivot connected to the adjusting plate via a connecting rod, and the movement of the adjusting plate can be adjusted by the lever operation. There is described a fertilizer spraying device in which a regulating plate fixedly mounted on the lever is provided for supporting the regulating plate at an arbitrary lever angle, and the adjusting plate is biased in an arbitrary longitudinal direction by a compression spring. Since the fertilizer is not equipped with a forcible drive means and the fertilizer is naturally dropped, it can be mounted not only on the rear part of the tractor but also on the front part of the tractor by replacing the hitch member, and it becomes easy to adjust the fertilizer spraying amount. Moreover, the structure is very simple Was very Gensa the cause of the failure Te, and a greatly cost bets down 促Gashi economically is described is the effect very advantageous. Further, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-117815, an appropriate number of fertilizer tanks are connected in parallel to each other in the left-right direction on a frame connected to the rear of the tractor. And a horizontal rod that is provided below the lower opening of the fertilizer tank so as to project rearward, an opening / closing adjustment plate is provided at an intermediate portion of the receiving box so as to be vertically movable, and a horizontal rod that is provided at the rear of the fertilizer tank so as to be movable left and right. Each open / close adjustment plate is connected by a link, and the tip of the piston rod of the cylinder that is mounted in the horizontal direction with the base end attached to the horizontal member is connected to the horizontal rod, and the cylinder and the driver's seat near the tractor are connected. By connecting the directional control valve with a switching lever, which is detachably attached to the position and communicates with the hydraulic pressure generator of the tractor, with a hose, the driver can operate the tractor and keep the soil in the field. Near driver's seat Pressure oil is alternately introduced into the cylinder base or tip of the multiple fertilizer applicator by the switching lever operation of the directional control valve, the horizontal rod is moved left and right by hydraulic pressure, and all opening and closing adjustments are made from the horizontal rod via links. A device is described which raises and lowers the plates at the same time to increase or decrease the amount of fertilizer applied. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-28809 discloses an agricultural spreader which is connected to a tractor with a cabin and sprays fertilizers and pesticides, and an opening / closing lever via a mediating member to a shutter along the bottom of a hopper. And a limit switch for restricting the movement limit of the opening / closing lever by abutting the opening / closing lever on the moving path of the opening / closing lever, and the transmission member driven by the motor. , Or an opening / closing device for an agricultural spreader, which is connected to a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder, and the operation switch of the motor or the hydraulic cylinder is provided around a driver's seat in a cabin. [0009] However, in all of those disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-57068 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-45486, the shutter provided at the bottom of the hopper is moved, Although it is possible to adjust the amount of fertilizer sprayed by changing the opening of the fertilizer drop port at the bottom of the hopper, in these devices, the fertilizer drop port is opened immediately by adjusting the shutter. Therefore, it is necessary to directly control the opening degree of the fertilizer or the like drop port around the drop port of the hopper immediately before the start of spraying the fertilizer or the like, which causes the following problems. When the fertilizer or the like is applied to the field, the tractor driver who pulls the fertilizer or the like spreader at each start or end of the application of the fertilizer or the like so as to adapt to the properties of the target crop or soil, etc. , The user must go down from the tractor and move around the spreader, move the shutter at the bottom of the hopper with an adjusting lever, etc. to open and close the drop opening and adjust the opening of the drop opening. It is troublesome to adjust the opening, and in particular, for a tractor with a cabin, the operator has to open and close the cabin door and repeat the above operation every time the amount of fertilizer or the like is adjusted, which is troublesome. It was The fertilizer spraying device described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 53-62816 and Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-1178.
In the fertilizer adjusting device for a multi-row fertilizer applicator described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 15, the operation lever or the lever-equipped directional control valve is appropriately operated from around the driver's seat of the tractor as needed. , Move the shutter to drop the fertilizer (spray)
Although the opening of the fertilizer can be adjusted (however, the one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 53-62816 can adjust the opening in stages), however, in these publications, the opening of the fertilizer drop opening is defined as the fertilizer sprayer. There is no description about adjustment and setting in advance prior to the fertilizer spraying work by the above, and it is possible to open and close the fertilizer drop opening of the fertilizer sprayer to the desired opening degree as needed from the running tractor. At that time, the adjustment of the opening degree is performed by changing the operation lever or the switching amount of the switching lever,
That is, depending on the degree of adjustment, the opening degree can be adjusted, and the opening degree of the drop opening needs to be adjusted by the same driver in accordance with the traveling operation of the tractor. However, there is a problem that it is not easy for even a skilled person to finely adjust the opening degree of the fertilizer drop opening by moving the shutter together with the running operation of the tractor. Further, in the opening / closing device of the agricultural spreader described in the above-mentioned JP-A-61-282809, the opening / closing lever connected to the shutter along the bottom of the hopper via an intermediary member is provided with a mower. While connecting the transmission member driven by the motor or the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder to the operating switch of the motor or hydraulic cylinder in the cabin, the mounting position of the limit switch that limits the movement limit of the opening / closing lever is Since it is adjustable, the operator of the tractor can remotely operate the shutter at the bottom of the hopper by operating the switch in the cabin, and the position of the limit switch can be adjusted prior to the traveling operation to open the shutter. Although this can be set in advance, with this one, it is troublesome to adjust the shutter opening by changing the mounting position of the limit switch. There, moreover, remain in its opening adjustment is made by stepwise number mounting position of the limit stitches, there is hate can not until a fine adjustment of its opening degree. In view of the above problems of the conventional example, the present invention provides a drop port 5 at the bottom of a hopper 41 of a spreader 40 for fertilizer or the like.
The shutter 52 that restricts the opening degree of 1 is connected by the electric cylinder 60 via the swing link, and the movement limit of the shutter 52 corresponds to the cultivated soil condition such as the desired upland field. After preset adjustment and setting to the required amount by selection, the shutter 52 is remotely operated from around the driver's seat of the tractor 1 to open to the set opening timely to enable the spraying of fertilizer while the electric cylinder 60 is operated. When the shutter 52 is automatically rotated in the opposite direction when the power is turned off to close the drop port 51, the spraying amount adjusting device in the spraying machine for fertilizers and the like without the above-mentioned problems. Is to provide. In order to solve the problems of the conventional example, the present invention has a frame 42 supporting a hopper 41 of a spreader 40 for fertilizer or the like, and an electric cylinder 60 and a magnet. The sensor 59 is provided in parallel, pins 62 and 69 are provided on the piston rods 61 and 67 of the electric cylinder 60 and the magnetic sensor 59, and the pins 62 and 69 are connected to the frame 4
2 is engaged with a long hole 71 on one side of the swing link 70 supported by a support shaft 73A on the second side, and a shutter for adjusting the spraying amount at the bottom of the hopper 41 is inserted into the long hole 72 on the other side of the swing link 70. 52 is engaged with a pin 74 and a permanent magnet 68 is provided on the piston rod 67 of the magnetic sensor 59,
A plurality of magnetic detection elements 66 are provided around the movement path of the permanent magnet 68 at appropriate intervals so that they can be selected at any time. (Operation) Since the present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, the drop opening 51A at the bottom of the hopper 41 of the spreader 40 for fertilizer and the drop opening 51A where the opening 53 of the spray amount adjusting shutter 51 coincides. The spreader 40 is configured so that the open limit of the spraying amount is set to the optimum spread amount appropriateness for the cultivated soil condition of the field.
Prior to the start of the spraying work of fertilizer and the like by the switch button 79 of the switch box 78 of the magnetic sensor 65.
By selecting the corresponding magnetic detection element 66 in advance,
After the adjustment, the switch box 78 installed in the cabin 2 of the spreader 40 energizes the electric cylinder 60, and the cylinder rod 61 swings the lever 70.
The shutter 52 rotates around the shaft 49 through the swing of the, and by the selection of the magnetic sensor 65 and the magnetized element 66, the stone rod 67 moves until it stops and the drop port 5
1 is opened, and a desired amount of fertilizer or the like is sprayed from the drop port 51 at a suitable time. When the drop port 51 is closed, the magnetic detection element 66 corresponding to the closing is selected, and the switch box 78 energizes the electric cylinder 60, whereby the shutter is released via the cylinder 61 and the swing lever 70. 52 rotates to close the drop opening 51 of the hopper 41. (Embodiment) An example in which the spraying amount adjusting device for a fertilizer sprayer according to the present invention is applied to a broad caster towed by a tractor will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. . 1 to 3, 1 is a tractor,
2 is a cabin of the tractor 1, 3 and 4 are top links and lower links of the tractor 3, 5 is a universal drive shaft driven by a PTO shaft (not shown) of the tractor 1, 7 is a battery, 40 is a blow caster, 41 Is a hopper of the blow caster 40, and 42 is a frame attached to the hopper 41. By attaching the frame 42 to the tractor 1 through the top link 3 and the lower link 4, the blow caster 40 is It is mounted directly on the tractor 1. Reference numeral 43 is a flywheel, 44 is a mission, and the axis of this mission 44 is driven by a universal drive shaft 5 driven by a PTO shaft (not shown) of the tractor 1, and on the shaft of this mission 44. Is provided with the flywheel 33. Reference numeral 49 denotes a vertical rotary shaft driven by the mission 44. The rotary shaft 49 is arranged at the center of the hopper 41, and the upper end of the rotary shaft 49 extending into the hopper 41 is not shown. The agitator is installed. 51
Is a drop port for fertilizer or the like provided on the bottom wall 50 of the hopper 41, 53
Is an opening of the disk-shaped shutter 52, and 55 is a spray pipe for fertilizer or the like. Reference numerals 58 and 59 are brackets, 60 is an electric cylinder, 61 is a piston rod of the electric cylinder 60, 6
2 is a pin provided at the end of the piston rod 61, 65 is an electromagnetic sensor, 67 is a piston rod of the electromagnetic sensor 65, 6
Reference numeral 9 denotes a pin provided at the end of the piston rod 67, and the electric cylinder 60 and the electromagnetic sensor 65 are attached to the frame 42 by brackets 58 and 59 so as to be parallel to each other. Reference numeral 70 is a swing link, and this swing link 70
Is a bracket 7 whose central portion projects from the frame 42.
A pin 73A is swingably attached to the pin 3. Reference numerals 71 and 72 denote elongated holes provided at both ends of the swing link 70 in the longitudinal direction thereof. In the elongated hole 71, a pin 62 on the piston rod 61 of the electric cylinder 60 and a piston rod 67 of the electromagnetic sensor 65 are provided. The pin 69 is inserted at the same time, and the long hole 72
A pin 74 on a bracket 54 extending from a disk-shaped shutter 52 provided on the lower side of the bottom wall 50 of the hopper 41 is engaged with this. Reference numeral 66 is a magnetic detection element of the electromagnetic sensor 65,
The magnetic detection elements 66 are composed of nine pieces arranged at required intervals so as to correspond to the opening degree of the drop opening 51 of the bottom wall 50, and each of the scales 66A of "0" to "8" has a magnetic sensor 65.
Displayed on the case of. 68 is a narrow permanent magnet provided on the piston rod 67, and 75 and 76 are electric cylinders 6.
0 and the wiring between the magnetic sensor 65 and the switch box 78, 77 is the wiring between the switch box 78 and the battery 7, and the battery 7 and the switch box 78 are the tractor 1
Provided on top. Reference numeral 79 is a switch button of the switch box 78 corresponding to the magnetic detection elements 16 of "0" to "8". (Operation of the Embodiment) After the tractor 1 is moved to the target position, the desired switch button 79 (0 to 8) of the switch box 78 installed in the cabin 2 of the tractor 1 is moved.
When any one of them, for example, 5) corresponding to the opening "5" is pressed, the one corresponding to the scale "5" of the detection element 66 of the magnetic sensor 65 is magnetized. Next, by energizing the electric cylinder 60,
When the electric cylinder 60 is magnetized, its cylinder rod 61 moves to the right (downward in FIGS. 2 and 1), and engages with a pin 62 on the rod 61 through an elongated hole 71. Is oscillated in a counterclockwise direction (FIG. 2) around the support shaft 73A, and through the pin 74 that engages with the long hole 72 on the other side of the oscillating link 70, the bracket 54 on which the pin 74 is planted.
The shutter 52, which is provided with the above, rotates in the clockwise direction around the vertical axis 49 (FIG. 1), and the opening 51 of the bottom plate 50 of the hopper 41 is opened.
Then, the opening 53 of the shutter 52 is matched to open the opening 51, and fertilizer or the like is dropped and sprayed from the opening 51. When the swing link 70 swings around the support shaft 73A by the movement of the cylinder rod 61 of the electric cylinder 60, the cylinder rod 67 that engages with the elongated hole 71 of the swing link 70 via the pin 69 is also simultaneously. Move to the right (Fig. 2). However, in this cylinder rod 67, the permanent magnet 68 on the cylinder rod 67 reaches the magnetized magnetic detection element 66 (in this example, the magnetic detection element at the position corresponding to the opening "5"). Then, the permanent magnet 68 is attracted to the magnetized magnetic detection element 66, and the piston rod 67 of the magnetic sensor 65 stops at that position. As a result, the rotation of the swing link 70, which engages through the pin 69 and the elongated hole 71 of the piston rod 67, around the support shaft 73A is stopped, so that the other side of the swing link 70 on the other side is stopped. The pin 74 that engages with the long hole 72 and the disk-shaped shutter 52 in which the pin 74 is planted stop at the corresponding angle, and the opening degree of the dropping port 51 for fertilizer or the like becomes "5". A pin 74, which is erected on a bracket 54 of a disk-shaped shutter 52 disposed below the bottom wall 50 of the hopper 41, is inserted into the long hole 72 of the swing link 70 so that both of them can be inserted. The disk-shaped shutter 52 is rotated clockwise (FIG. 1) by the rocking of the rocking link 70, and the drop opening 51 of the bottom wall 50 and the opening 5 of the shutter 52 are connected.
The overlapping portion (51A) with 3 changes according to the amount of movement of the piston rod 61, and the amount of fertilizer or the like sprayed is adjusted. Although not shown, the disc-shaped shutter 52 of this embodiment may be arranged above the bottom wall 50 of the hopper 41. In this case, the disc-shaped shutter 52 is formed through a hole formed in the side wall of the hopper 41. Appropriate measures must be taken to prevent the fertilizer and the like from flowing out from the gap between the bracket 54 of the disk-shaped shutter 52 that projects and reciprocates in the hole and the hole. To change the spray amount, press another switch button 79 (for example, corresponding to the opening "2"), and the one corresponding to the scale "2" of the magnetic detection element 66 of the magnetic sensor 65 is magnetized. At the same time, when the piston rod 61 of the electric cylinder 60 moves to the left and the permanent magnet 68 of the piston rod 67 reaches the position of the magnetized magnetic detection element 66, it is attracted and stopped in the same manner as described above, and simultaneously swings. Link 7
The shutter 52 rotates counterclockwise through the same angle through 0 and stops, and the opening of the drop opening 51 becomes a value corresponding to the scale “2”. Although not shown, the disk-shaped shutter 52
If the phase in the circumferential direction between the opening 53 and the drop opening 51 of the bottom wall 50 of the hopper 41 is made to have an inverse relationship with FIG. 1, the opening / closing direction of the drop opening 51 by the disc-shaped shutter 52 will be opposite to the above. . Since the present invention has the above-mentioned structure and operates, the following effects can be obtained. (1) The desired opening of the drop opening 51 of the hopper 40 of the spreader 40 for fertilizer or the like can be selected and adjusted in advance from around the driver's seat of the tractor 1, and the drop opening 51 can be quickly selected. You can open it to the opening and start spraying an appropriate amount of fertilizer. (2) The shutter 52 for adjusting the spray amount at the bottom of the hopper 40 and the piston rods 61 and 67 of the electric cylinder 60 and the magnetic sensor 65 which are parallel to each other are connected by the swing link 70, and the piston of the magnetic sensor 65 is connected. The permanent magnet 68 on the rod 67 is connected to the magnetic detection element 6 thereof.
Since it is detected by 6 and is stopped at the required position, the gap between the magnetic detection elements 66 can be arranged relatively narrow, and consequently, the opening degree of the drop opening 51 can be finely adjusted. (3) Electric cylinder 60 and magnetic sensor 6
5, the opening of the drop port 51 for fertilizer or the like can be finely adjusted by selecting the distance from the switch 5 and the length of the swing link 70.
The opening degree of the drop port 51 is set to the switch box 78 in the cab.
After being selected and set by the opening degree setting switch button 79 or the like in advance, the opening / closing operation to the same opening degree can be performed from around the driver's seat of the tractor 1 at any time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing an example in which a spreader is provided with a device for adjusting a spraying amount of a fertilizer sprayer according to the present invention, with a part of its hopper cut away. It is a figure. FIG. 2 is an electric cylinder that is an essential part of one embodiment of the present invention;
It is a plane explanatory view showing the circumference of a magnetic cylinder rocking ring crossing the magnetic cylinder part. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a system in which the spraying amount adjusting device of the present invention is applied to a broad caster directly mounted on a tractor. [Explanation of reference numerals] 40 ... Broadcaster 41 ... Hopper 42 ... Frame 50 ... Bottom wall 52 ... Shutter 60 ... Electric cylinders 61, 67 ... Piston rods 62, 69, 74 ... Pins 65 ... Magnetic sensor 66 ... Magnetic detection element 68 ... Permanent magnet 70 ... Oscillating links 71, 72 ... Oblong hole 73A ... Shaft 78 ... Switch box

Claims (1)

(1) An electric cylinder 60 and a magnetic sensor 59 are provided in parallel with each other on a frame 42 that supports a hopper 41 of a spreader 40 for fertilizer and the like, and the electric cylinder 60 and the magnetic sensor 59 are connected to each other. Pins 62 and 69 are provided on the piston rods 61 and 67,
The pins 62, 69 are locked in the elongated holes 71 on one side of the swing link 70 supported by the support shaft 73A on the frame 42, while the pins 62, 69 are fitted in the elongated holes 72 on the other side of the swing link 70, respectively. A pin 74 provided on the spray amount adjusting shutter 52 at the bottom of the hopper 41 is engaged, and a permanent magnet 68 is provided on the piston rod 67 of the magnetic sensor 59. A plurality of magnetic detection elements 66 are provided so that they can be selected at any time, and a spraying amount adjusting device for a sprayer of fertilizer or the like.