JPH062015B2 - Layered structure for plant vegetation with perforated pipes and plant vegetation method using the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention realizes afforestation without using soil as one of the sky fronts on the rooftop of buildings such as buildings, condominiums, and detached houses, and the like. A layered structure for plant vegetation that is suitable for providing a place for relaxation by walking or lying on the floor at any time, and especially for plant growth management inside the structure by incorporating pipes for supplying water and liquid fertilizer inside The present invention relates to the above-mentioned layered structure for facilitating water supply, and a plant vegetation method using the same layered structure for outdoor or indoor water supply or liquid fertilizer supply control.

(Prior art) At present, the rooftops of buildings are rarely used for cooling towers and drying areas to a certain extent, and there are only a few shrines and plants. The city is being developed in consideration of the above, and grass and flowers are planted on the rooftops or balconies of buildings, and the rooftops or balconies are greened to greatly expand the lack of greenery in the cities.

By the way, as a method for vegetating grass and flowers on the roof of the above-mentioned building or on concrete, it is most common to use soil for vegetation.

On the other hand, on the other hand, it is also known to vegetate vegetables and flowers by using rock wool, polyurethane foam or non-woven fabric, such as hydroponic culture (for example, JP-A-55-9).
No. 739, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-25408, etc.), but in many cases, it is in a greenhouse or indoors, and walks or reclines on it. It has not been used extensively on the rooftops of buildings.

However, recently, in addition to the conventional use of the rooftop space, the rooftops and balconies of buildings such as buildings, condominiums, and single-family homes are regarded as valuable spaces in terms of landscape and design, providing relaxation for users. The sky front has been attracting attention and has been in the limelight for the purpose of not only providing moisture and adding value to buildings.

Then, according to this viewpoint, as the greening of the rooftop space was reconsidered and the conventional method of using soil, we planted grass and flowers on the rooftop (concrete surface), walked on it, laid down and read and had a chat. At least 10 cm to 2
It is necessary to take waterproof measures in order to bring about 0 cm of soil to the rooftop and grass roots enter the cracks of concrete.
However, when the soil is brought up to the rooftop, etc., the weight (for example, soil 10 cm thickness 150 to 170 kg / m ² ) is heavy,
The structure of the rooftop or balcony floor of the building must be reinforced for that purpose. (Because the current building standard law is that the allowable load of the rooftop or balcony floor is 180 kg / m ² , the soil on the rooftop or balcony is 10 cm. When having a thickness of soil weight is likely to exceed the allowable load and or walking person for a 150~170kg / m ^2.)
In addition, the soil was washed away by rainwater and soiled the building,
It becomes a problem.

On the other hand, the hydroponics is not suitable for walking on the rooftop of a building or on a balcony, as described above, and the method of combining frames and the slope construction method are also on the rooftop or balcony. It was not possible to use it for a wide range of vegetation in plants and flowers, and the development of a new rooftop vegetation method was called for.

Therefore, the applicants can cope with the trends of the times as described above, and can grow grass and flowers on the roof of a building or on a concrete surface such as a balcony without using soil, and walk or lie on it. By discovering a new layered structure for plant vegetation, we will realize greening of the rooftop or balcony of the building to enhance the aesthetics of the rooftop or balcony and increase the area of greening, and to revitalize the urban area. Proposed separately.

The use of the layered structure for plant vegetation is not limited to the rooftop or the balcony, but can be used indoors, or indoors or underground malls in which sunlight has been introduced in recent years.

By the way, when the above-mentioned layered structure is arranged on the roof of a building, a balcony, indoors, an underground mall, etc. and plant vegetation is performed without using soil, it is necessary to supply water or liquid fertilizer.

Conventionally, in general, water supply or liquid fertilizer supply is performed by sprinkling water or sucking water or liquid fertilizer from a water channel in vegetation of plants. Particularly recently, a porous new ceramic tube and a special rubber tube with microscopic porosity have been developed to be buried in the ground for greenhouse cultivation and to supply an aqueous solution of water and fertilizer to the roots of plants. A method has been attempted in which the water content in the soil is reduced and a force (negative pressure) for absorbing the water is generated to absorb the water content from the new ceramic tube or the micro porous rubber tube.

However, this method is also mainly used for greenhouse cultivation and is rarely used for vegetation of plants on the roof or balcony.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Based on the above situation, the present invention adds practical water supply and liquid fertilizer supply means when carrying out plant vegetation using the layered structure previously proposed by the applicant. By arranging pipes with many pores to the extent that plant roots do not invade inside the layered structure and supplying water and liquid fertilizer according to a predetermined program, the inside of the layered structure can be more positively The purpose is to supply water and liquid fertilizer, and to effectively promote the growth of grass and plants on the roof of a building, on the balcony, indoors, or outdoors in underground malls.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Then, the feature of the present invention which meets the above object is
Is composed of a layered fiber structure mainly composed of synthetic fibers, and has different fiber densities in the thickness direction, and has an intermediate fiber density in the upper part with moderate air permeability and water retention to provide grass etc. Vegetation layer suitable for vegetation of plants from seeds, aeration is retained in the middle part, but fiber density and water retention are large, and a protective layer with rooting, root retention and plant root protection functions, lower part Layered fiber structure for plant vegetation that has the lowest fiber density and water retention capacity, forms a drainage layer that is suitable for draining excessive rainwater and has sufficient holding capacity to support the entire load. This is because a porous pipe for water supply and liquid fertilizer supply, which has a large number of pores so that plant roots do not invade horizontally inside the structure, was installed internally.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a synthetic resin net is provided on the uppermost layer of the layered structure, and a synthetic resin sheet having water blocking performance and plant root cutting performance is polymerized on the lowermost layer. If it is more useful, then it is.

Another aspect of the present invention is a plant vegetation method using the above layered structure, wherein the plant vegetation layered structure having the water supply and liquid fertilizer supply pipes built-in is used on the roof of a building structure or It is formed and arranged indoors or outdoors on a balcony or indoors, underground malls, etc., and an appropriate number of moisture detectors are installed at an appropriate location inside it, for example, at the appropriate position of the root protection layer in the middle of the thickness direction of the layered structure This is a method of detecting the water retention status inside the body and supplying the required water supply and liquid fertilizer to the inside of the layered structure through the water supply and liquid fertilizer supply perforated pipes.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, as a concrete method of implementing the above method, water supply and liquid fertilizer supply perforated pipes are connected to a tank group, and the tank group and the pump group are operated in accordance with a predetermined program, and the inside of the layered structure It is characterized by supplying water and liquid fertilizer.

(Operation) When performing plant vegetation on the roof or balcony floor surface using the layered structure of the present invention, the layered structure formed is sprouting by sowing seeds of grass or plants in the vegetation layer,
(Before superimposing the vegetation layer on the protective layer, seeds may be directly sown on the vegetation layer in advance and germinated.) Appropriate fertilization is applied to support the growth of germinated grass and plants, but the vegetation above The layer has appropriate water retention and air permeability suitable for the above vegetation, and also has an appropriate drainage property to assist the growth of grass and plants.

On the other hand, the root-holding layer in the middle part allows the roots of turf or plants that have grown easily to pass therethrough, and still has the role of firmly holding these roots.

Therefore, the fiber density and water retention are large, and the fiber is moderately vertical.
It has water permeability in both horizontal directions and prevents water from accumulating and causing root rot, and constantly retains fresh water.

Also, although it has low air permeability, it can supply oxygen appropriately and protect the roots.

Furthermore, since the drainage layer in the lower part has a sufficient drainage function, it sufficiently drains against the amount of rainfall and rainfall, and moreover, it becomes accumulated water to prevent root rot from occurring in the root consolidation layer.

In addition, the root protection layer and drainage layer have an appropriate thickness, and have sufficient support and restoring force for the load during walking and mowing work, and improve the walkability of the entire layered structure. Have.

Moreover, since the layered structure of the present invention has a porous pipe for water supply and liquid fertilizer supply embedded therein, water supply and liquid fertilizer supply are positively performed during plant vegetation to promote the growth of vegetated plants. Have an effect.

In particular, by installing a moisture detector, it is possible to know the water retention status inside the layered structure, and therefore it becomes easy to supply water and fertilize in accordance with the situation, and to improve the efficiency of water supply and fertilization. A separately determined schedule makes it possible to adequately control the supply of liquid fertilizer, and the soil-free layered structure on the roof or balcony ensures the growth control of plant vegetation.

In addition, the above-mentioned action is not limited to the rooftop or the balcony, and has the same effect indoors or in an underground mall where sunlight is taken in.

The invention according to claim 4 makes the water supply and the liquid fertilizer supply more practical in an outdoor arrangement.

In addition, the synthetic resin net body of the uppermost layer in the invention according to claim 2 distributes the load evenly over the entire net when a person walks on the plant vegetation, uses a recumbent or a mowing machine, and loads the load on a specific place. Prevents concentration and ensures protection against wind and typhoons.

Furthermore, the synthetic resin sheet in the bottom layer has a water-stopping function, which completely drains rainwater and excess liquid fertilizer on the sheet, and the grass and plant roots that have emerged from the drainage layer are fine cracks in the rooftop concrete and waterproof layer. Prevent it from getting in and damaging it.

(Examples) Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an example of forming a layered structure according to the present invention. In the figure, (1) is a vegetation layer in the upper part, (2) is a protective layer in the middle part, and (3) is a drainage layer in the lower part. Yes, this is the vegetation layer (1),
With the basic structure of the layered structure of the present invention arranged on the concrete surface (6) by the superposed structure of the protective layer (2) and the drainage layer (3), further, in the figure, the vegetation layer (1) Synthetic resin net (4) on the upper surface, the lower part, that is,
On the lower surface of the drainage layer, synthetic resin sheets (5) having the functions of stopping water and cutting roots are respectively arranged, and the layered structure according to claim 2 of the layered structure of the present invention is formed as a whole.

Then, in the superposed structure of the layered structure, a porous pipe (7) for water supply or liquid fertilizer supply is provided internally in the horizontal direction inside thereof, and a moisture detector for detecting moisture in the structure ( 8) is installed. In the figure, (G) shows vegetated grass and other plants.

The vegetation layer (1) in the upper part is a layer on which turf or plant seeds are sown and vegetated, and synthetic fibers such as polyester, polypropylene, and acrylic are used as the main material, and these are used alone or as appropriate with water-absorbing fibers. Appropriate amount, for example 15-30
% Needled into a suitably mixed fiber web to entangle the constituent fibers with each other, usually with an apparent density of 0.
A non-woven fabric having a thickness of about 11 g / cm ² and a thickness of about 5 mm is used.

Mixing water-absorbent fibers is effective in increasing the water retention of the vegetation layer (1) and preventing the germination rate from decreasing due to drying, but artificial fibers such as rayon may rot if used for a long time in a water-absorbing state. It is preferable to use acrylic water absorbing fibers as much as possible.

Since this vegetation layer (1) has a function of sowing plant seeds on it and germinating, if an example of the measured value is shown, its water retention is 2.4 kg / m ² , aeration is 178 cc / cm ² / sec. With a vertical water permeability coefficient of 1.5 cm / sec, it has good water retention, proper air circulation, and water permeability or drainage property.

In addition, this vegetation layer (1) is preferably black rather than white, especially dark green, because grass and plant roots show backlighting.

Next, the protective layer (2) of the intermediate portion has the function of allowing the roots of turf or plants that have grown to pass through, and also firmly holding these roots, and the apparent density of the fiber is appropriate. Larger is better.

Moreover, it has adequate breathability and sufficient oxygen supply. It also has proper water retention, but also has appropriate vertical and horizontal water permeability, so that water accumulates and becomes root rot. It is desirable to keep fresh water constantly so as not to cause water damage.

This protective layer (2) needs to have an appropriate thickness because it holds roots, and it is generally said that a minimum thickness of 5 cm or more is required for the entire (vegetation layer + protective layer + water distribution layer). It is desirable that only the protective layer has a thickness of around 5 cm.

Moreover, it is necessary to have a sufficient restoring force against the load during walking or mowing work, and the elastic recovery rate should be selected as large as possible.

This protective layer (2) is usually made of, for example, polyester fiber and is a needle non-woven fabric.
0.23g / cm ² , thickness around 10mm, water retention 6.0kg / m ² , ventilation
36cc / cm ² / secp, vertical hydraulic conductivity 2.3 × 10 ^-1 cm / sec,
The compression rate is as small as 7.6%, and the thickness recovery rate (load 800g / cm
² ) has a high property of 94%. Further, as another example, a non-woven fabric having the following characteristics and the above-mentioned non-woven fabric may be appropriately mixed and stacked. That is, since the non-woven fabric has a small apparent density of 0.05 g / cm ² , the water retention capacity is 40 k.
Large as g / m ² , ventilation rate 122cc / cm ² / sec, vertical water permeability
Although it is as large as 3.5 cm / sec, the compression rate is not as high as 17% and the thickness recovery rate is as high as around 90%, which is a non-woven fabric made of relatively thin fibers.

Also in these protective layers (2), black is preferable to white for the roots exhibiting backlighting.

Furthermore, the drainage layer (3) in the lower part usually has a sufficient drainage function even for precipitation rainfall of 50 to 100 mm / Hr, and its water retention capacity is close to zero, and fresh water is constantly applied to the roots of grass and flowers. It needs to be replenished so that it will never accumulate in the drainage layer and cause root rot in the consolidation layer.

For that purpose, a fiber structure having a relatively large fiber porosity, that is, a fiber structure having the lowest fiber density compared to the other two layers, for example, a non-woven fabric is selected. On the contrary, the elastic recovery is poor and the deformation rate is large. It is not preferable to give discomfort when walking.

Therefore, a non-woven fabric mat made of vinylidene fiber having a thickness of about 500 to 5000 denier is usually selected and used for the drainage layer (3) in a thickness range of 30 to 60 mm. This has elasticity, and if one example of measurement is shown, the change rate of thickness is up to 40% and the recovery rate is 80% under a load of about 900 kg / m ^2.
% Or more, the air permeability is extremely large.

Of course, the above-mentioned nonwoven fabric mat may be used alone, but it is also preferable to combine it with a nonwoven fabric having a water permeability of about 10 mm and made of polyester fiber having a denier of 15 to 30. In this case, the walking property of the whole layer is improved. .

Vegetation layers in the upper, middle and lower parts mentioned above
The layered structure, which is the basis of the present invention in the figure, is formed by polymerizing and installing the three layers of (1), the protective layer (2) and the drainage layer (3). As described above, it is most commonly performed by sequentially superimposing on the concrete surface (6) of the building structure such as a building from the lower layer to the middle and upper layers.

In this case, as long as the role of each layer is not hindered, another layer or cloth may be interposed in the middle.
Of course, the layered structure is not limited to one sheet, but may be divided into blocks, and for example, may be applied to each block surrounded by a dotted line A in FIG.

In this polymerization, it is not particularly necessary to adhere the layers to each other, but rather the roots of grass and plants cause the layers to securely hold the layers like punching.

Then, seeds of turf and plants are sown on the vegetation layer (1) of the layered structure. To seed these seeds, the other two layers are superposed on the building structure, and then the vegetation layer on the upper surface is laid. (1) Or if there is a net (4), vegetation layer (1) from above the net (4)
Seeds may be sown in a separate plant or vegetation layer at another location
After seeding and germination only in (1), polymerization may be performed as a layered structure.

In this case, fertilizer is appropriately applied to support the growth of the germinated turf both when it is germinated directly on the building structure as a layered structure and when only the vegetation layer is germinated at another place and then transferred to the building structure. It is desirable to do.

Especially when germinated on a building structure, it is effective to cover the vegetation layer (1) with a damp non-woven fabric or a mat in order to prevent scattering against moderate dampness and strong wind. But don't forget to put in appropriate sunlight.

In the layered structure of the basic structure described above, the synthetic resin net (4) and the synthetic resin sheet (5) are further applied to the uppermost layer and the lowermost layer as shown in the figure, but the synthetic resin net (4) Is placed on the uppermost layer of the basic layered structure described above and is secured by fasteners around its periphery to the building structure at suitable intervals, for example 30 to 50 cm.

This reticulate body (4) distributes the load as evenly as possible over the entire surface when walking, lying down or using a mower.
The load is prevented from being concentrated on a specific place of the vegetation layer (1) and is also protected against wind and typhoons.

In particular, it is important to prevent scattering of each layer (1), (2), (3) of the layered structure, as well as grass and plants caused by strong winds at a high place of a building structure such as a rooftop of a building or a balcony.

Therefore, as a method of fixing the net-like body (4), it is connected to a fastener provided on the rooftop floor or the surrounding wall at an appropriate interval, or an appropriate weight loosely attached to the building structure with a wire or the like. The method of mooring to the holding rod of length is used.

This mesh body (4) is made of high-pressure polyethylene (high-density polyethylene) and its mesh size is 10 to 30 mm.
Use a mesh-like body having a longitudinal and transverse tensile strength of 500 to 1000 kg / m according to the overall size and area. The color is preferably green, and the weight is suitably 500 to 1000 g / m ² .

On the other hand, a synthetic resin sheet for water stopping and root cutting of the bottom layer
(5) requires extra rainwater and excess liquid fertilizer on the sheet to be completely drained by a proper method, and the thickness is usually 1-3 mm.
A suitable soft vinyl chloride sheet or the like is suitable, and the color is generally black, and it is laid prior to the arrangement of the basic layered structure.

Thus, the synthetic resin net body (4) and the sheet (5) cooperate with the layered structure based on the above-mentioned three layers to facilitate walking and mowing on the layered structure and protect the building structure. Therefore, it is possible to secure the water stopping performance and the root cutting performance of the plant.

In the layered structure for plant vegetation having the above-mentioned structure, the present invention further shows a porous pipe (7) for water supply and liquid fertilizer supply as shown in FIG. 1 and a water retention state inside the layered structure. A moisture detector (8) for detection is installed, but the installation positions of the water supply, liquid fertilizer supply perforated pipe (7) and the moisture detector (8) are, of course, at any positions inside the layered structure, Although it does not matter, in order to prevent root rot caused by excessive water or lack of fertilizer, and eventually death, the moisture detector (8) is shown as it is important to consider the water content of the part that holds the grass and plant roots. It is preferable to install an appropriate number of one or more in the central position of the part corresponding to the root protection layer (2) in the thickness direction of the layered structure as described above, and also the perforated pipes (7) for water supply and liquid fertilizer supply. Further, it is effective to provide the protective layer (2) in a built-in manner.

Figure 2 shows the water supply and liquid fertilizer supply piping (7) and moisture detector.
An example of the arrangement of (8) is shown in a plan view. The water supply and liquid fertilizer supply pipe (7) has a main pipe (7a) with a diameter of about 10 to 50 mm and a branch pipe (7b) branched from the main pipe (7a). ), Which has a large number of pores that do not allow plant roots to enter, and is a separately installed water supply tank (9), fertilizer tank (10), liquid fertilizer tank (11).
A circuit for water supply and liquid fertilizer supply is formed by the tank group such as and the pump group (P ₁ ) (P ₂ ).

One of the series of circuits is connected to the water supply side and is configured to appropriately perform water supply, liquid fertilizer supply and drainage by operating the tank group and the pump group according to a predetermined program.

That is, since it is necessary to supply clean water and indirect water according to the Building Standards Law, first fill the water tank (9) with clean water and
Install a pressure pump (P ₁ ) on the secondary side to supply water.

For liquid fertilizer, indirectly feed water into the liquid fertilizer tank (11), add fertilizer from the fertilizer tank (10) to this tank and mix, and install a pressure pump (P ₂ ) on this secondary side. Fertilize.

The water supply and liquid fertilizer supply pipes (7) used here are used by humans to walk or mow work on the layered structure at any time, so a flexible micro porous special rubber tube or A durable porous new ceramic tube is suitable, especially the pores prevent root invasion,
It is preferable that the moisture is sucked out depending on the moisture condition in the layered structure (the pipe may be covered with a non-woven sheet to prevent the roots from entering the pipe, but it takes time and effort. ) It is advantageous that there is no fear of excessive water supply even if the water content of the layered structure is not detected.

The main pipe (7a) may be an ordinary pipe without holes, and the branch pipe (7b) may be the new ceramic pipe having a large number of pores. Further, it is preferable that the main pipe (7a) is appropriately formed to have a required length via the connecting portion (F).

On the other hand, a known moisture sensor (8), such as a moisture sensor utilizing conductivity, can be used to know the water retention status inside the layered structure and to supply water and liquid fertilizer according to a predetermined schedule. Carry out.

In particular, if the liquid fertilizer is supplied for a certain period of time, the liquid fertilizer is also water, and the layered structure is difficult to be absorbed when the water content is high.

For example, when there is too much rainwater or sprinkling water and there is enough water, liquid fertilizer is never supplied even if water is not supplied or water is supplied according to the fixed schedule, and drainage is free and excess water inside the layered structure is constructed. Drainage system for structures (not shown)
Drain from.

If the above wastewater cannot be discharged directly to the outside (outside the site) in some areas, it is necessary to purify this wastewater.

Of the tank groups and pump groups forming the water supply and liquid fertilizer supply circuit as described above, those for liquid fertilizer must be made of materials and structures suitable for this. Then, the concentration of the liquid fertilizer in the tank is measured at any time to maintain the concentration as constant as possible.

Also, as a water supply, a method of once supplying clean water to the tank and applying pressure between the tank and the pipe may be considered. The same applies to liquid fertilizer.

Further, it is also included in the present invention that the detection information of the moisture detector (8) is associated with a device for controlling water supply and liquid fertilizer supply, and the water supply and liquid fertilizer supply are automatically controlled according to the detected water retention state in the layered structure.

Thus, when the layered structure constructed as described above is arranged on the roof or balcony of a building structure, indoors, or an underground mall, the advantageous plant vegetation by the layered structure described above is more effectively achieved, that is, inside the layered structure. It is possible to supply water and liquid fertilizer according to the water retention status of the plant, always maintain the optimum state for root retention in plant vegetation, ensure more reliable protection of grass and plant roots, and promote growth.

In addition, a pipe for passing cold water and hot water is further incorporated inside the layered structure of the present invention, and when the temperature inside the structure becomes high, cold water is passed to lower the temperature, and the temperature is lowered. If the water retained in winter freezes, warm water is passed to raise the temperature inside the structure, and the roots of grass and plants are rotted at any time in response to changes in the four seasons and changes in the outside temperature. Effectiveness can be further enhanced by preventing damage to the roots and damage to the roots, and thus the roots to die.

(Effect of the invention) As described above, the present invention is a layered structure based on a vegetation layer, a protection layer and a drainage layer, and is installed on the roof or balcony of a building structure such as a building, indoors, underground mall, etc. This helps protect the roots necessary for vegetation such as grass,
Satisfying requirements such as air circulation, appropriate amount of water supply, drainage, fertilizer, etc. to eliminate the need to use soil, reduce the weight suitable for rooftop use, and also provide walking ability and reclining ability. At times, it has a significant effect on the vegetation of plants on the floor of the building, including the use of rooftops or balconies of building structures of interest.

In particular, the above-mentioned layered structure has a total weight of only 50 to 60 kg / m ² , and there is no danger of people walking over the allowable load weight on the rooftop plaza or balcony floor under the Building Standards Act, and it is safe. There is an advantage that no special reinforcement is required for the structure of the rooftop plaza or the balcony floor, which is necessary when soil is used.

Moreover, in the layered structure of the present invention and the vegetation method using the layered structure, a water supply and liquid fertilizer supply pipe having a large number of pores is built in, and a moisture detector is further installed to detect the water retention state inside the layered structure. , Water supply, liquid fertilizer supply and drainage are performed according to the determined program, so growth management by water supply, liquid fertilizer supply, drainage is possible, and water supply, liquid fertilizer supply etc. are performed properly for grass and plants indoors and outdoors or in underground malls. be able to.

The invention according to claim 2 further facilitates vegetation using the layered structure by allowing the uppermost synthetic resin net to cooperate with the layered structure to facilitate walking, mowing and the like. In addition to normalizing, the load applied on it is evenly distributed over the entire surface, and at the same time it has the feature of suppressing the surface layer evenly and stabilizing it against wind and typhoon. Prevents the roots of the plant extending from the drainage layer from entering into small cracks in the concrete surface or waterproof layer and damaging it, and completely prevents water leakage on the rooftop, and prevents vegetation of the plant on the building structure. It has the effect of making S more stable and effective.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a construction state of a layered structure according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing an outline of a layout of water supply and liquid fertilizer supply. (1) …… Plant vegetation layer, (2) …… Protective layer, (3) …… Drainage layer, (4) …… Synthetic resin net, (5) …… Synthetic resin sheet, (7)… … Water supply, liquid fertilizer supply pipe, (8) …… Moisture detector, (9) …… Water supply tank, (10) …… Fertilizer tank, (11) …… Liquid fertilizer tank,

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Akiyoshi Tsubota 3-17-8-105 Ogaya, Otsu-shi, Shiga Prefecture (72) Inventor Takeshi Nakai 2-2-29 Matsubara, Hikone-shi, Shiga (56) References Special Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-42686 (JP, B2) Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-13482 (JP, Y2) Japanese Patent Application No. 52-116049 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-40832) Photographed microfilm (JP, U) Microfilm (JP, U) taken of the description and drawings attached to the application of Japanese Patent Application No. 59-167017 (No. 61-80640 of Japanese Utility Model)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A fiber structure comprising synthetic fibers as a main material, wherein the fiber densities are different in the thickness direction, the upper layer portion has an intermediate density, and the vegetation layer has plants growing from seeds.
The water retention is large, and the protective layer that protects roots, root retention and plant roots, and the lower layer have low fiber density and water retention.
Suitable for draining excessive rainwater, etc., and having a holding power sufficient to support the whole. Inside of a layered structure formed in a drainage layer. Water supply and liquid fertilizer supply with many pores so that plant roots do not invade horizontally. A layered structure for plant vegetation having a built-in perforated pipe, characterized in that the perforated pipe is built in. 2. The layered structure for plant vegetation according to claim 1, wherein a synthetic resin net-like material is layered on the uppermost layer and a synthetic resin sheet having water-stopping performance and plant root cutting performance on the lowermost layer. A layered structure for plant vegetation with a built-in perforated pipe, characterized by being obtained by polymerizing. 3. The layered structure for plant vegetation according to claim 1 or 2 is formed and disposed outdoors or indoors or in an underground mall on a rooftop of a building or at a required place such as a balcony, and a moisture detector is provided at an appropriate place inside the protective layer. A plant vegetation method, characterized in that a water retention state inside the layered structure is detected by installing a water supply and liquid fertilizer supply perforated pipes through the perforated pipe for supplying water and liquid fertilizer to the inside of the layered structure. 4. A water supply and liquid fertilizer supply perforated pipe are connected to a tank group, and the tank group and pump group are operated according to a predetermined program to supply water and liquid fertilizer to the inside of the layered structure. The plant vegetation method according to claim 3.