JPH06202051A - Azeotropic and azeotropic-like composition and detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a detergent which does not destroy the ozonasphere and has excellent detergency and drying property by using the azeotropic and azeotropic-like compsn. consisting of isopentyl alcohol and octa methyl trisiloxane. CONSTITUTION:This azeotropic and azeotropic-like compsn. consist of the isopentyl alcohol and the octa methyl trisiloxane. This detergent consists of the azeotropic and azeotropic-like compsn. as effective components. The isopentyl alcohol alone is excellent as the detergent for its strong polarity but has, on the contrary, large surface tension without having sufficient penetratability. On the other hand, the octamethyl trisiloxane has the small surface tension and excellent penetratability but has weak detergency as its KB value (kauri butanol value) is as small as 0. The advantages of both are, therefore, provided by mixing such isopentyl alcohol and octamethyl trisiloxane.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a substitute for chlorine-based degreasing detergents such as CFCs and trichloroethane, and can be used as precision parts for metal parts such as aluminum and iron, optical parts such as lenses and prisms, and electronic parts. The present invention relates to an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition that can be suitably used for cleaning, and a cleaning agent therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a solvent for cleaning optical parts, electronic parts and the like, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,
2,2-trifluoroethane (Freon 113) and trichloroethane are used. This is because Freon 113 is nonflammable; has low toxicity to living organisms; plastic,
It does not corrode polymer materials such as rubber, but has selective solubility that it dissolves fats and oils; it has a fast drying rate; and so on. Trichloroethane also has excellent degreasing and detergency. , Because it is nonflammable.

On the other hand, various mixtures and azeotropic compositions have been developed in order to reduce the use amount of these chlorine-based solvents, to make them incombustible, and to improve the degreasing power. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-3180
JP-A-94 discloses a mixture of Freon 113, isopropyl alcohol, and methyl ethyl ketone as a cleaning solvent. Further, JP-A-2-289693 discloses an azeotropic composition of dichlorotetrafluoropropane (CFC 234) and an aliphatic lower alcohol such as ethanol. Furthermore, aliphatic lower alcohols such as IPA and ethanol, simple ketones such as acetone, and ethers are also being studied.

[0004]

However, the CFC 11
Chlorine solvents such as 3 and trichloroethane are chemically particularly stable, so they have a long life in the troposphere, diffuse and reach the stratosphere, where the chlorine radicals decomposed by sunlight cause a chain reaction with ozone. There is a need to reduce their use, as they awake and destroy the ozone layer. Therefore, as described above, a chlorine-based solvent such as Freon 113,
We are trying to reduce the amount used by developing an azeotropic composition with organic solvents other than chlorine-based solvents, but since chlorine-based solvents are essential, it is not possible to reduce the amount used to a certain extent. There is. Further, although an azeotropic composition with Freon 234, which has a relatively low ozone depletion property as compared with Freon 113, has been developed, it is impossible to completely eliminate the destruction of the ozone layer. On the other hand, an aliphatic lower alcohol has a problem in drying property, and a ketone-based or ether-based solvent deteriorates an object to be cleaned such as a plastic, so that it is not practical.

The present invention has been made in consideration of these problems, and is an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition which does not destroy the ozone layer and has excellent cleaning and drying properties.
The purpose is to provide the cleaning agent.

[0006]

The azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition of the present invention comprises isopentyl alcohol and octamethyltrisiloxane. Further, the cleaning agent of the present invention contains the azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition having the above-mentioned constitution as an active ingredient.

Here, isopentyl alcohol alone
It is excellent as a cleaning agent because of its strong polarity,
On the other hand, it has a large surface tension of 23.8 dyn / cm (25 ° C.) and does not have sufficient permeability.

On the other hand, octamethyltrisiloxane has 25
It has a viscosity of 0.96 CSt at ℃, its surface tension is as small as 16.9 dyn / cm (25 ℃),
It has excellent permeability, but its KB value (kauributanol value) is as small as 0 and its detergency is weak. In the present invention,
By mixing these isopentyl alcohol and octamethyltrisiloxane, the advantages of both are provided. In this case, in order to use it as a cleaning agent, it is necessary that the liquid management at the time of use is easy and that it can be easily recovered and reused. To meet these requirements, simply mixing the two is not enough,
It is necessary to have a composition having an azeotropic point, that is, an azeotropic composition. The composition in the azeotropic state has a constant boiling point different from the boiling points of the individual components (this boiling point is preferably lower than the individual boiling points of the components), has a higher volatilization rate, and is vaporized. , Its composition or the proportion of distillate hardly change.

In the present invention, under 760 mmHg,
At a composition ratio of isopentyl alcohol of 63 to 65 wt% and octamethyltrisiloxane of 35 to 37 wt%, an azeotropic state occurs, and in order to obtain the above characteristics, a composition close to this composition ratio is preferable. In the present invention, it is also practical to use an azeotrope-like composition when considering the influence of water mixed in from the ambient environment and the influence of impurities contained in isopentyl alcohol and octamethyltrisiloxane. Is.

In the present invention, a stabilizer may be added in addition to the above composition. The stabilizer is required to have a large effect of stabilizing the azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition, but those which are co-distilled by the distillation operation and those which form an azeotrope are preferable. Such stabilizers include aliphatic nitro compounds such as nitromethane, nitroethane and nitrobutane, acetylene alcohols such as 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol and 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol, glycidol and methyl. Glycidyl ether,
Epoxides such as allyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, 1,2-butylene oxide, cyclohexene oxide and epichlorohydrin, ethers such as dimethoxymethane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,4-dioxene and 1,3,5-trioxene Unsaturated hydrocarbons such as hexene, heptane, octene, 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene, pentadiene, octadiene, cyclohexene, cyclopentene, allyl alcohol, 1-buten-3-ol, 3-methyl- Olefinic alcohols such as 1-buten-3-ol, acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and butyl acrylate, phenol, trimethylphenol, cyclohexylphenol, thymol, 2,6-di- t- butyl-4-methylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole, phenols such as isoeugenol and, hexylamine, Benchiruamin, dipropylamine, diisopropylamine, diisobutylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine,
Pyridine, n-methylmorpholine, cyclohexylamine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, N,
Amines such as N'-diallyl-p-phenylenediamine, benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-
At least one kind or two or more kinds selected from triazoles such as 5′-methylphenyl) benzotriazole and chlorobenzotriazole can be used.

The octamethyltrisiloxane and isopentyl alcohol of the present invention as described above have little toxicity to the living body, are chemically stable, and do not contain halogen such as chlorine, and therefore have an effect on the ozone layer. It has no characteristics. Moreover, not only a wide range of objects that can be cleaned, such as metal parts such as aluminum and iron, optical parts such as lenses, plastic parts, and electronic parts,
The present invention is not limited to this, and if there is no attack or the like on the base material, it is possible to wash other materials.

[0012]

Example 1 The purity of octamethyltrisiloxane available on the market was 9 as a result of gas chromatography analysis.
It is at a level of 8.0% and contains, as impurities, a siloxane or silane compound having a lower molecular weight than octamethyltrisiloxane, a hydrocarbon-based compound that is less volatile than octamethyltrisiloxane, siloxane, and the like. Of these, impurities that are less likely to volatilize than octamethyltrisiloxane may remain as a residue on the object to be cleaned.
Components less volatile than octamethyltrisiloxane were removed by means such as distillation, rectification, and an adsorbent. 200 g of a mixture of 100 g of each of this octamethyltrisiloxane and isopentyl alcohol was placed in a distillation flask,
Distillation was carried out under normal pressure using a rectification column having 30 theoretical plates. By this distillation, an azeotropic fraction was obtained at 124 to 125 ° C. About 2 ml of this fraction was collected every 1 minute and analyzed by gas chromatography 10 times. As a result, it was found that octamethyltrisiloxane was 35 to 37 wt.
%, Isopentyl alcohol was 63 to 65 wt%. Table 1 shows the surface tension of octamethyltrisiloxane, isopentyl alcohol, and the composition of Example 1 (2
5 ° C.), KB value.

[0013]

[Table 1]

[0014]

[Example 2] A glass lens and an aluminum plate are used as objects to be cleaned, and as stains, a centering oil (trade name "Yushiron CG" (manufactured by Yusilon Chemical Co., Ltd.)) is used for the glass lens, and a cutting oil (product is used for the aluminum plate. The name "Cut 201A" (manufactured by Mitsubishi Oil Co., Ltd.) was applied and washed by the following procedure. The composition obtained in Example 1 was filled in the first tank kept at room temperature, and the object to be cleaned was degreased while applying ultrasonic waves at 300 W and 28 KHz. The composition obtained in 1 was filled and degreased again while applying ultrasonic waves at 300 W and 28 KHz. Furthermore, the third tank at room temperature was filled with the composition obtained in Example 1, and 300 W, 28 K
After applying ultrasonic waves at Hz, cold air blowing was performed and drying was performed.
In order to observe the finished state after washing, the contact angles before and after the stain application were measured. Further, as a comparative example, washing and drying were performed in the same procedure using trichloroethane, and comparison with the washed product was also performed. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0015]

[Table 2]

[0016]

As described above, the azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of the present invention do not destroy the ozone layer, have no composition change due to evaporation, and have an excellent drying rate. It can be usefully used as a cleaning agent.

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Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition comprising isopentyl alcohol and octamethyltrisiloxane. 2. A cleaning agent comprising an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition comprising isopentyl alcohol and octamethyltrisiloxane as an active ingredient.