JPH06306392A - Azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition and detergent comprising same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a detergent capable of the precision cleaning of an object to be cleaned, having good driability and not depleting to the ozonosphere. CONSTITUTION:The title detergent is prepared by using an azeotropic or azeotrope-like composition comprising 2-pentanol and octamethyltrisoloxane as the effective component. This can function as a detergent by virture of the merits of these compounds.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used as a substitute for chlorine-based degreasing detergents such as CFCs and trichloroethane, and can be used as precision parts for metal parts such as aluminum and iron, optical parts such as lenses and prisms and electronic parts. The present invention relates to an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition that can be suitably used for cleaning, and a cleaning agent therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a solvent for cleaning optical parts, electronic parts and the like, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,
2,2-trifluoroethane (Freon 113) and trichloroethane are used. This is because Freon 113 is nonflammable; has low toxicity to living organisms; plastic,
It does not corrode polymer materials such as rubber, but has selective solubility that it dissolves fats and oils; it has a fast drying rate; and so on. Trichloroethane also has excellent degreasing and detergency. , Because it is nonflammable.

On the other hand, various mixtures and azeotropic compositions have been developed in order to reduce the use amount of these chlorine-based solvents, to make them incombustible, and to improve the degreasing power. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-3180
JP-A-94 discloses a mixture of Freon 113, isopropyl alcohol, and methyl ethyl ketone as a cleaning solvent. Further, JP-A-2-289693 discloses an azeotropic composition of dichlorotetrafluoropropane (CFC 234) and an aliphatic lower alcohol such as ethanol. Furthermore, aliphatic lower alcohols such as IPA and ethanol, simple ketones such as acetone, and ethers are also being studied.

[0004]

However, the CFC 11
Chlorine-based solvents such as 3 and trichloroethane are chemically particularly stable, so they have a long life in the troposphere and diffuse to reach the stratosphere where the chlorine radicals decomposed by sunlight cause a chain reaction with ozone. There is a need to reduce their use, as they wake up and destroy the ozone layer. Therefore, as described above, a chlorine-based solvent such as Freon 113,
We are trying to reduce the amount used by developing an azeotropic composition with organic solvents other than chlorine-based solvents, but since chlorine-based solvents are essential, it is not possible to reduce the amount used to a certain extent. There is. Further, although an azeotropic composition with Freon 234, which has a relatively low ozone depletion property as compared with Freon 113, has been developed, it is impossible to completely eliminate the destruction of the ozone layer. On the other hand, an aliphatic lower alcohol has a problem in drying property, and a ketone-based or ether-based solvent deteriorates an object to be cleaned such as a plastic, so that it is not practical.

The present invention has been made in consideration of these problems, and is an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition which does not destroy the ozone layer and has excellent cleaning and drying properties.
The purpose is to provide the cleaning agent.

[0006]

Means and Actions for Solving the Problems The azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition of the present invention comprises octamethyltrisiloxane having the structure shown in Chemical formula 1 and 2-propanol.

[0007]

[Chemical 1]

The viscosity of octamethyltrisiloxane is 2
It was 1 CSt at 5 ° C., and the composition ratio of 2-propanol to octamethyltrisiloxane was 78% by weight. The azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition and the cleaning agent of the present invention containing the azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition as an active ingredient,
Stabilizers can be mixed as appropriate.

As stabilizers, aliphatic nitro compounds such as nitromethane, nitroethane and nitropropane, and acetyl alcohols such as 3-methyl-1-butyn-3-ol and 3-methyl-1-pentyn-3-ol. , Epoxides such as glycidol, methyl glycidyl ether, allyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, 1,2-butylene oxide, cyclohexene oxide, epichlorohydrin, dimethoxymethane, 1-2
Dimethoxyethane, 1,4-dioxene, 1,3,5-
Ethers such as trioxene, hexene, heptane,
Unsaturated hydrocarbons such as octene, 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene, pentadiene, octadiene, cyclohexene, cyclopentene, allyl alcohol, 1
-Buten-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-butene-3
-Olefin and other olefinic alcohols, and acrylic acid esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and butyl acrylate may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, these compounds and phenols such as phenol, trimethylphenol, cyclohexylphenol, thymol, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol, butylhydroxyanisole, and isoeugenol, hexylamine, ventilamine, and diamine. Propylamine, diisopropylamine, diisobutylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, pyridine, n-methylmolmarin, cyclohexylamine, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, N, N '(-diallyl-p-phenylenediamine, etc.) Amines, benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole,
It can also be used in combination with triazoles such as chlorobenzotriazole. As a property of these stabilizers, it is needless to say that they have a large effect of stabilizing the composition of the present invention, but those which are entrained by the distillation operation or those which form an azeotrope. Is desirable.

In the composition of the present invention, 2-pentanol alone has a strong polarity and is excellent as a detergent, but has a large surface tension of 23.5 dyn / cm (25 ° C.) and a good permeability can be obtained. Absent. On the other hand, octamethyltrisiloxane has a small surface tension of 16.9 dyn / cm (25 ° C.) and is excellent in permeability. However, the KB value (kauributanol value) is as small as 15 and the detergency is weak. Therefore, by mixing 2-pentanol and octamethyltrisiloxane, the advantages of both are brought out.

On the other hand, in order to use it as a cleaning agent, it is an important requirement that the liquid be easily controlled during use and that it be easily recovered and reused. A mixed solvent satisfying these requirements cannot be obtained simply by mixing two or more components, and it is necessary to have a composition having an azeotropic point, that is, an azeotropic state. The azeotropic composition exhibits a constant boiling point that is different from the boiling points of the individual components (in this case, it is desirable that it is lower than the boiling points of the individual components), and the volatilization rate is improved, and the composition or This is because it has excellent characteristics such that the ratio of distillate hardly changes. 760 mmHg
In the composition ratio of 21 to 23% by weight of octamethyltrisiloxane and 79 to 77% by weight of 2-pentanol, azeotropy occurs, and in order to obtain the above characteristics, a composition close to this composition ratio is desired. The object to be cleaned is not particularly limited as long as it does not attack the substrate by the composition of the present invention and is at a practical level. The constituents, octamethyltrisilone and 2-pentanol, are less toxic to living organisms, are chemically stable, and have no effect on the ozone layer because they do not contain halogen such as chlorine.

[0012]

Example 1 The purity of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane on the market was 98.0% as a result of analysis by gas chromatography, and a siloxane or silane compound having a lower molecular weight than octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane as an impurity, It also contains hydrocarbon compounds, siloxanes, etc. that are less volatile than octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane. Of these, impurities that are less likely to volatilize than octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane may be residues on the object to be cleaned. Therefore, components that are less volatile than octamethylcyclotetraxane were removed by distillation, rectification, and an adsorbent. After removing the impurities, 200 g of a mixture of 100 g each of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and 2-propanol was placed in a distillation flask, and distillation was carried out under normal pressure using a rectification column having 30 theoretical plates.
As a result, an azeotropic fraction was obtained at 115 to 110 ° C., and the fraction was analyzed by gas chromatography to find that the composition was 21 to 23 wt% octamethyltrisiloxane and 79 to 77 wt% 2-pentanol. %Met. Table 1 shows the surface tension of octamethyltrisiloxane, 2-pentanol and the azeotropic composition of this Example (25
° C) and KB value are shown.

[0013]

[Table 1]

[0014]

Second Embodiment In this embodiment, a case of applying to cleaning will be described. A glass lens and aluminum were used as objects to be cleaned, and as stains, a glass lens was coated with centering oil and aluminum was coated with cutting oil, and cleaned by the following procedure. The composition obtained in Example 1 was put in the first tank to degrease the washed product while applying ultrasonic waves, and then the composition obtained in Example 1 was also put in the second tank and again added with ultrasonic waves. Degreased. Furthermore, after putting the composition obtained in Example 1 in a third tank and applying ultrasonic waves,
It was blown with cold air and dried. In order to observe the finished state after this washing, the contact angle before and after the stain application was measured. As a comparative example, trichloroethane was used instead of the composition of Example 1 and washing and drying were carried out in the same manner, and comparison with the washed product was also made. The results are shown in Table 2. From Table 2, the cleaning using the composition of Example 1 gave better results than the trichloroethane cleaning.

[0015]

[Table 2]

[0016]

The azeotropic and azeotrope-like compositions of the present invention have excellent detergency without destroying the ozone layer, have no composition change due to evaporation, and have an excellent drying rate. It exhibits an excellent effect when used as a cleaning agent.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition comprising 2-pentanol and octamethyltrisiloxane. 2. A detergent comprising an azeotropic and azeotrope-like composition comprising 2-pentanol and octamethyltrisiloxane as an organic component.