JPH06257576A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a rotary compressor which can reduce the rate of progress of abrasion of a piston and a vane even if a non-chlorine refrigerant is used. CONSTITUTION:Diagonal grooves 12 are provided on the surface of a piston 3. Oil contained in refrigerant gas is held 12 by the diagonal grooves of the piston 3 and is rotated, together with the piston 3, so the portion of the piston 3 in sliding contact with a vane is constantly lubricated, and even if a non- chlorine refrigerant is used, the chance of the vane making direct contact with the piston 3 is reduced whereby the abrasion of the vane and the piston is reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is for freezing refrigerators and the like.
Alternatively, the present invention relates to a rotary compressor used for air conditioning such as an air conditioner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A rotary compressor using a piston and a vane is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-120787. This type of rotary compressor
As shown in FIG. 6, the piston 22 is rotatably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft 21 rotated by the electric motor, and the tip of the vane 24 slidably fitted to the cylinder 23 is brought into contact with the piston 22. By making contact with each other, the inside of the cylinder 23 is divided into a suction chamber and a compression chamber, the piston 22 is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft 21, and the vane 24 is reciprocally moved to repeatedly suck, compress and discharge gas. There is.

In this type of rotary compressor, since the tip of the vane 24 is in line contact with the piston 22, the contact pressure tends to be extremely high, and fluid lubrication cannot be realized in this sliding portion. Although difficult, when a conventional refrigerant gas containing chlorine was used, the friction and wear of the sliding portion were barely suppressed to a low level due to the lubricating effect of the refrigerant itself (formation of iron chloride film on the metal surface). For these reasons, various measures have been conventionally made in order to suppress the wear of the piston 22 and the vane 24.

That is, in the rotary compressor shown in FIG. 6, a groove 25 into which the tip of the vane 24 is fitted is formed along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 22, and the discharge port 26 of the cylinder 23 is formed. The projection 27 is formed so as to be fitted so as to be able to escape, and the rotation of the piston 22 is reduced so that the sliding of the piston 22 and the vane 24 is reduced to reduce wear.

[0005]

However, from the problems of protection of the global environment (prevention of ozone depletion, prevention of global warming), from conventional chlorine-containing refrigerants (CFC, HCFC refrigerants) to chlorine-free refrigerants (HFC refrigerants). ) Has become necessary. That is, when using a chlorine-free refrigerant in a rotary compressor, the refrigerant itself has no lubricity,
Even if the rotary compressor having the structure as shown in FIG. 7 is adopted, the lubrication between the tip of the vane 24 and the piston 22 and between the wall surface of the vane 24 and the vane sliding groove of the cylinder 23 is insufficient, resulting in wear. The problem is that it is large and the durability is reduced.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems. By improving the lubrication state between the vane tip and the piston, or between the vane wall surface and the cylinder groove, wear occurs even when a non-chlorine type refrigerant is used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary compressor that can reduce the progress of

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, the first technical means of the present invention is that a piston is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor and is slidable on a cylinder. The tip of the vane fitted to the abutment is brought into contact with the piston to divide the inside of the cylinder into a suction chamber and a compression chamber,
In the rotary compressor in which the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the vanes are reciprocally moved to repeatedly suck, compress, and discharge gas, an oblique groove is provided on the surface of the piston. .

A second technical means according to the present invention is
A piston is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and the tip of a vane slidably fitted to the cylinder is brought into contact with the piston to divide the cylinder into a suction chamber and a compression chamber. In a rotary compressor in which the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the vanes are reciprocally moved to repeatedly suck, compress and discharge gas, the surface of the piston is made of a porous material. It is a thing.

The third technical means according to the present invention is
A piston is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and the tip of a vane slidably fitted to the cylinder is brought into contact with the piston to divide the cylinder into a suction chamber and a compression chamber. In a rotary compressor in which the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeat gas suction, compression, and discharge, the tip of the vane is made of a resin having self-lubricating property. A chip seal is provided.

Further, in a fourth technical means according to the present invention, a piston is fitted on an outer peripheral surface of a crank shaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip end portion of a vane slidably fitted on a cylinder is used as the piston. The cylinder is divided into an intake chamber and a compression chamber by abutting against, and the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft, and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeat gas suction, compression, and discharge, which is a rotary compression. In the machine, an oblique groove is provided on the side wall surface of the vane sliding on the cylinder.

[0011]

The operation of the first means will be described.
During the compression operation of the refrigerant gas, the piston rotates, but at this time, the oil contained in the refrigerant gas is held in the oblique groove on the surface of the piston and rotates together with the piston. As a result, oil is supplied to the sliding contact portion between the piston and the vane. Further, since the groove on the piston surface is provided obliquely, the contact sliding part with the vane to which the oil is supplied moves sequentially as the piston rotates, and the oil continues to be supplied over the entire length of the contact sliding part. This reduces direct contact between the vane and the piston and reduces wear on the vane and piston.

Further, according to the second means, since the surface of the piston is made of a porous material, the oil contained in the refrigerant gas accumulates in the fine pores of the porous material,
Along with the rotation of the piston, oil is continuously supplied to the contact sliding portion between the vane and the piston, and wear of the vane and the piston is reduced.

Further, according to the third means, since the resin tip seal having self-lubricating property is arranged at the tip of the vane, the oil supply to the contact sliding portion between the vane and the piston is interrupted. In that case, the self-lubricating material ensures the lubrication action, and the wear of the piston does not significantly progress. Also, since the tip seal is made of resin, its hardness is much lower than that of the piston of the mating material, and it adapts to the piston of the mating material due to initial wear,
The progress of wear is suppressed to a low level.

Further, according to the fourth means, since the slant groove is provided on the side wall surface of the vane that slides with the groove of the cylinder, oil is retained in the slant groove when the vane reciprocates. As a result, the lubricating action between the cylinder groove and the vane side wall is assisted, and the vane side wall wear is reduced. Further, since the groove is provided obliquely, the oil can be satisfactorily supplied to the tip of the vane while preventing the oil from leaking outside along the groove.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a rotary compressor according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 2, 1 is a closed container,
Reference numeral 2 denotes a crankshaft to which an electric motor (not shown) is directly connected, and a piston 3 is rotatably fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft 2. Reference numeral 4 is a cylinder, 5 is a vane, and the vane 5 is slidably fitted in a sliding groove 6 of the cylinder 4. A spring 7 is provided on the back surface of the vane 5, and the tip of the vane 5 is brought into contact with the piston 3 to separate the space inside the cylinder 4 into a suction chamber 8 and a compression chamber 9.
Further, the cylinder 4 has a suction port 10 and a discharge port 11
And are provided.

Next, the operation of this rotary compressor will be described. When the crankshaft 2 rotates in the direction of arrow A, refrigerant gas is sucked into the suction chamber 8 through the suction port 10, while
The compression / discharge process proceeds in the compression chamber 9, and the function as a rotary compressor is exerted. At this time, generally, the piston 3 is pulled by the rotation of the crankshaft 2 and slowly rotates in the A direction.

Here, since the tip of the vane 5 is in line contact with the piston 3, the contact pressure thereof tends to be remarkably high, and it is difficult to realize fluid lubrication at this sliding portion, but it is difficult to realize conventional chlorine. When using a refrigerant gas containing, the friction and wear of the sliding part was barely suppressed to a low level due to the lubricating effect of the refrigerant itself (formation of iron chloride film on the metal surface). However, when a non-chlorine type refrigerant is used,
Since the above-mentioned lubrication effect cannot be obtained, if the above structure is maintained, the tip of the vane 5 is in direct contact with the surface of the piston 3, resulting in increased friction and wear. As a result, the rotation of the piston 3 disappeared, and the wear of both was progressing.

Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of oblique grooves 12 having a shallow depth are provided on the surface of the piston 3. The depth of the oblique groove 12 is about 2 to 10 μm.

With this structure, the oil contained in the refrigerant gas is retained in the oblique groove 12 of the piston 3. Therefore, during operation, the oil retained in the slanted groove 12 is always supplied to the tip of the vane 5 as the piston 3 rotates, which helps lubricate the contact / sliding portion of the piston and the tip of the vane 5 and the piston. The chances of making direct contact with 3 are reduced. Therefore, even when a non-chlorine refrigerant is used in this rotary compressor, wear of the piston 3 and the vane 5 is reduced.

FIG. 3 shows a rotary compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this rotary compressor, the surface of the piston 3 is made of a porous material 13. In the present embodiment, the structure is shown in which the porous material 13 (foamed metal, porous ceramics, etc.) is shrink-fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the piston 3 made of conventional materials (sintered iron, cast iron, etc.). In addition to this, for example, the surface of the piston 3 may be sprayed with ceramics, or the surface of the piston 3 may be subjected to an etching treatment to be in a porous state and then the surface may be finished.

Also in this structure, the oil contained in the refrigerant gas is held in the fine pores 13a of the porous material 13 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the piston 3. Therefore,
Similar to the above-described action, the oil retained in the pores 13a of the porous material 13 is removed by the vane 5 as the piston 3 rotates.
Is constantly supplied to the tip end of the piston 3 and wear of the piston 3 and the vane 5 is reduced even when a non-chlorine refrigerant is used.

FIG. 4 shows a rotary compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In this rotary compressor, the tip of the vane 5 is configured by a resin-made tip seal 14 having self-lubrication. A suitable material for the tip seal 14 is, for example, tetrafluoroethylene resin, PPS resin, phenol resin, or a mixture thereof.

In the above structure, even if the oil supply to the contact sliding portion between the tip of the tip seal 14 and the piston 3 is interrupted, the self-lubricating action of the resin ensures the lubricating action, and the piston 3 wears. Is reduced. Further, since the tip seal 14 is made of resin, its hardness is much lower than that of the mating material piston 3, and the tip seal 14 fits into the mating material due to the initial wear, so that the progress of wear of the tip seal 14 and the piston 3 can be suppressed low. .

FIG. 5 shows a rotary compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this rotary compressor, a plurality of oblique grooves 16 having a shallow depth are provided on both sides of the side wall 15 of the vane 5. The oblique groove 16 has a depth of 2 to 10 μm and a width of about 1 to 2 mm.

Here, the vane 5 is strongly pressed against the wall surface of the sliding groove 6 of the cylinder 4 by the differential pressure between the compression chamber 9 and the suction chamber 8 during its reciprocating motion. Therefore, when a chlorine-free refrigerant is used, the wall surface of the vane 5 tends to wear significantly. However, due to the above-described configuration, since a plurality of oblique grooves 16 having a shallow depth are provided on both sides of the side wall 15 of the vane 5, the oblique groove 1 is provided during operation.
The oil contained in the refrigerant gas is held by 6 to assist the lubricating action between the sliding groove 6 of the cylinder 4 and the side wall 15 of the vane, and reduce the wear of the side wall 15 of the vane 5. Further, since the groove 16 is provided obliquely, the oil can be satisfactorily supplied to the tip of the vane 5 while preventing the oil from leaking outside along the groove 16.

In the above embodiment, the piston 3
In the case where a plurality of the slanted grooves 12 and the slanted grooves 16 of the vane 5 are provided to further improve the lubricating action,
As mentioned above, even if a single of these is provided, the lubricating action is improved as compared with the conventional one. Further, the configurations of the respective embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, by providing an oblique groove on the surface of the piston, the oil contained in the refrigerant gas is held in the oblique groove of the piston and rotates with the piston. The oil is always supplied to the contact / sliding part between the piston and the vane, and even when a chlorine-free refrigerant is used, the vane and the piston are less likely to come into direct contact with each other, and wear of both is reduced.

Further, since the surface of the piston is made of a porous material, the oil in the refrigerant gas is accumulated in the fine pores of the porous material, and the vane and the piston are always in contact with each other as the piston rotates. The oil is continuously supplied to the moving part, and wear of both is reduced even when a chlorine-free refrigerant is used.

Further, by constructing the tip of the vane with a resin tip seal, the wear of the piston can be reduced by the self-lubricating action of the tip seal even when a chlorine-free refrigerant is used.

Further, by providing an oblique groove on the side wall surface of the vane, the oil in the refrigerant gas is retained in the oblique groove during the reciprocating motion of the vane, and the lubricating action between the cylinder groove and the vane side wall is assisted. Therefore, the wear of the side wall of the vane is reduced even when the non-chlorine refrigerant is used.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rotary compressor having a high durability, which can reduce the wear of the piston and the vane with a relatively simple structure even when a chlorine-free refrigerant is used. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a piston of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the rotary compressor.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a piston of a rotary compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a vane of a rotary compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a vane of a rotary compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional rotary compressor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Airtight Container 2 Crankshaft 3 Piston 4 Cylinder 5 Vane 12 Diagonal Groove 13 Porous Material 14 Chip Seal 15 Sidewall 16 Diagonal Groove

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yuichi Yakumaru 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A piston is fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a crank shaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip end portion of a vane slidably fitted to a cylinder is brought into contact with the piston so that an inside of the cylinder serves as an intake chamber. In a rotary compressor which is divided into a compression chamber and rotates the piston by the rotation of the crankshaft and reciprocates the vane to repeat suction, compression and discharge of gas, an oblique groove is formed on the surface of the piston. Rotary compressor equipped with. 2. A piston is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of a crank shaft rotated by an electric motor, and the tip of a vane slidably fitted to the cylinder is brought into contact with the piston so that the inside of the cylinder serves as an intake chamber. In a rotary compressor that is divided into a compression chamber and rotates the piston by the rotation of the crankshaft and reciprocates the vane to repeat gas suction, compression, and discharge, the surface of the piston is made of a porous material. A rotary compressor composed of. 3. A piston is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and the tip of a vane slidably fitted to the cylinder is brought into contact with the piston so that the inside of the cylinder serves as an intake chamber. In a rotary compressor that divides into a compression chamber and rotates the piston by the rotation of the crankshaft, and reciprocates the vane to repeat gas suction, compression and discharge, self-lubrication at the tip of the vane. Rotary compressor equipped with a tip seal made of resin that has properties. 4. A piston is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of a crank shaft rotated by an electric motor, and the tip end of a vane slidably fitted on the cylinder is brought into contact with the piston so that the inside of the cylinder serves as an intake chamber. In a rotary compressor that is divided into a compression chamber and rotates the piston by the rotation of the crankshaft and reciprocates the vane to repeat suction, compression, and discharge of gas, a vane that slides with the cylinder Rotary compressor with diagonal grooves on the side wall.