JPH06257579A - Rotary compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] To provide a rotary compressor capable of reducing the progress of wear of a piston and a vane even when a chlorine-free refrigerant is used. [Structure] A groove 12 having a larger radius of curvature than the radius of curvature of the tip of the vane 5 is formed in a part of the outer peripheral surface of the piston 3 in a direction parallel to the axis thereof, and the vane 5 and the piston 3
An oil supply passage 13 for supplying lubricating oil from the vane 5 side is provided at the contact portion with the. As a result, a lubricating oil film can be formed to realize oil film lubrication, and wear of the contact portion between the vane 6 and the piston 3 can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is for freezing refrigerators and the like.
Alternatively, the present invention relates to a rotary compressor used for air conditioning such as an air conditioner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A rotary compressor using a piston and a vane is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-120787. This type of rotary compressor
As shown in (a) and (b) of FIG. 13, a vane 24 in which a piston 22 is rotatably fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft 21 rotated by an electric motor and slidably fitted to a cylinder 23. Of the cylinder 23 is divided into an intake chamber and a compression chamber, the piston 22 is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft 21, and the vane 24 is reciprocated to suck and compress the gas. And the discharge is repeated.

In this type of rotary compressor, since the tip of the vane 24 is in line contact with the piston 22, the contact pressure tends to be extremely high, and fluid lubrication cannot be realized in this sliding portion. Although difficult, when a conventional refrigerant gas containing chlorine was used, the friction and wear of the sliding portion were barely suppressed to a low level due to the lubricating effect of the refrigerant itself (formation of iron chloride film on the metal surface). For these reasons, various measures have been conventionally made in order to suppress the wear of the piston 22 and the vane 24.

That is, in the rotary compressor shown in FIG.
A vane 24 is provided along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 22.
A projection 27 that forms a groove 25 into which the tip of the
Is formed to reduce the rotation of the piston 22, and the sliding of the piston 22 and the vane 24 is reduced to reduce wear.

Further, in the one disclosed in JP-A-57-76285, (a) and (b) of FIG.
As shown in, the tip of the vane 31 that abuts the piston is made of a high hardness material 32.

[0006]

However, from the problems of protection of the global environment (prevention of ozone destruction, prevention of global warming), from conventional chlorine-containing refrigerants (CFC, HCFC refrigeration) to chlorine-free refrigerants (HFC refrigerants). ) Has become necessary. That is, when using a chlorine-free refrigerant in a rotary compressor, the refrigerant itself has no lubricity,
Even if the rotary compressor having the structure as shown in FIG. 13 or 14 is adopted, the lubrication between the tips of the vanes 24 and 31 and the piston 22 is insufficient, so that the wear is increased and the durability thereof is increased. There was a problem that it decreased.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and improves the lubrication between the tip of the vane and the piston, or improves the wear resistance, so that a non-chlorine type refrigerant having a low lubricating action is obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rotary compressor having sufficient durability even when the above is used.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first technical means of the present invention is to make a piston fit on the outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor so that the cylinder can slide freely. The tip of the fitted vane is brought into contact with the piston to divide the inside of the cylinder into a suction chamber and a compression chamber, the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft, and the vane is reciprocated. In a rotary compressor that repeats suction, compression and discharge of gas, a groove in which a vane tip abuts on the outer circumference of the piston is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft,
An oil supply passage is provided which is formed so as to penetrate from the tip end portion to the rear end portion of the vane and which supplies the lubricating oil from the vane rear end portion side to the contact portion between the vane and the piston.

A second technical means of the present invention is that a piston is fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip end portion of a vane slidably fitted to a cylinder is used as the piston. And the cylinder is divided into an intake chamber and a compression chamber, the crankshaft is rotated to rotate the piston, and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeat gas suction, compression and discharge. In the compressor, a groove in which the tip of the vane abuts on the outer circumference of the piston is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, and the piston is penetrated from the side facing the crankshaft to the side facing the suction chamber. To supply lubricating oil from the suction chamber side of the oil supply passage to the contact portion between the vane and the piston A.

A third technical means of the present invention is that a piston is fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip end portion of a vane slidably fitted to a cylinder is used as the piston. And the cylinder is divided into an intake chamber and a compression chamber, the crankshaft is rotated to rotate the piston, and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeat gas suction, compression and discharge. In the compressor, a groove in which the tip of the vane abuts on the outer periphery of the piston is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, and the piston penetrates from the side facing the crankshaft to the side facing the compression chamber. To supply lubricating oil from the compression chamber side of the oil supply passage to the contact portion between the vane and the piston A.

A fourth technical means of the present invention is that a piston is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and the tip of a vane slidably fitted to a cylinder is used as the piston. And the cylinder is divided into an intake chamber and a compression chamber, the crankshaft is rotated to rotate the piston, and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeat gas suction, compression and discharge. In the compressor, a curved groove in which a vane tip is in contact with the outer periphery of the piston is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, and a cylindrical roller having a radius not larger than the radius of curvature of the groove of the piston is formed. It is slidably fitted to the tip of the vane.

A fifth technical means of the present invention is that a piston is fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip end portion of a vane slidably fitted to a cylinder is used as the piston. And the cylinder is divided into an intake chamber and a compression chamber, the crankshaft is rotated to rotate the piston, and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeat gas suction, compression and discharge. In the compressor, a groove in which the tip of the vane contacts the outer periphery of the piston is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, and the tip of the vane is made of a ceramic material.

A sixth technical means of the present invention is that a piston is fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip of a vane slidably fitted to a cylinder is fitted to the piston. And the cylinder is divided into an intake chamber and a compression chamber, the crankshaft is rotated to rotate the piston, and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeat gas suction, compression and discharge. In the compressor, a groove in which the tip of the vane abuts on the outer periphery of the piston is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, and a tip seal made of a resin having self-lubricating property is provided at the tip of the vane. Is.

[0014]

According to the above-mentioned first, second or third means,
Since the lubricating oil is positively supplied to the contact portion between the vane and the piston through the oil supply passage, a lubricating oil film is formed at the contact portion between the vane and the piston, and wear of the contact portion between the vane and the piston can be reduced. it can.

Further, since the cylindrical roller is slidably fitted to the tip of the vane by the fourth means, the roller at the tip of the vane and the piston come into rolling contact with each other. Also, the wear of the contact portion between the vane and the piston can be reduced.

Further, since the tip portion of the vane is made of the ceramic material by the fifth means, the hardness of the contact portion at the tip portion of the vane can be increased and the finished surface roughness can be reduced. Also by this, it is possible to reduce the wear of the contact portion between the vane and the piston.

According to the sixth means, since the tip end of the vane is provided with the self-lubricating resin tip seal, the oil supply to the contact sliding portion between the vane and the piston is interrupted. Even if there is, lubricity is ensured by the self-quasi-lubricant. Since the tip seal is made of resin, its hardness is lower than that of the piston of the mating material,
The initial wear fits into the mating material and the wear progress is kept low.

As described above, in any of the configurations, it is possible to realize a rotary compressor having sufficient durability even when a non-chlorine type refrigerant having a low lubricating action as compared with the conventional refrigerant is used.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a closed container, 2 is a crankshaft to which an electric motor (not shown) is directly connected, and a piston 3 is rotatably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft 2. 4 is a cylinder,
Reference numeral 5 denotes a vane having a semicircular cross section, and the vane 5 is slidably fitted in a sliding groove 6 of the cylinder 4. Further, a spring 7 is provided in the back pressure chamber 11 provided at the back portion of the vane 5, and the tip end of the vane 5 is brought into contact with the piston 3 by the urging force of the spring 7 so that the space inside the cylinder 4 is reduced. Is separated into a suction chamber 8 and a compression chamber 9.
Further, the cylinder 4 has a suction pipe 10 and a discharge portion (not shown).
And are provided.

Here, on the outer circumference of the piston 3, there is formed a groove 12 which is recessed in an arcuate cross section and extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft 2, in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft 2. The groove 12 has a radius of curvature larger than that of the tip of the vane 5 with which the tip of the vane 5 abuts. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the vane 5 is provided with the back pressure chamber 1 from the tip end portion in contact with the groove 12 of the piston 3.
A plurality of oil supply passages 13 each having a narrow communication hole penetrating to the rear end portion located at 1 are provided at appropriate intervals,
High-pressure lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber 11 is supplied to the tip of the vane 5 via the oil supply passage 13.

Next, the operation of this rotary compressor will be described. When the crankshaft 2 is rotated by the electric motor, the tangent line between the vane 5 and the piston 3 reciprocates on the curved surface of the tip of the vane 5 as the piston 3 rotates. That is, the opening at the tip of the vane 5 in the oil supply passage 13 is periodically arranged in the suction chamber 8 or the compression chamber 9 in the cylinder 4.
When communicating with the suction chamber 8, the pressure in the back pressure chamber 11, which is the same high pressure as the pressure in the closed container 1, and the pressure in the suction chamber 8 are different from each other. Therefore, the lubricating oil in the back pressure chamber 11 is supplied to the tip portion of the vane 5 by the differential pressure generated at this time. Then, the supplied lubricating oil forms an oil film in the contact portion between the vane 5 and the piston 3 to improve the lubrication state, and even when a non-chlorine type refrigerant having a lower lubricating action than the conventional refrigerant is used. A rotary compressor with sufficient durability can be realized.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a piston. Components having the same functions as those in the above embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. The description is omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in this rotary compressor, a plurality of oil supplies penetrating the piston 3 from the side facing the crankshaft 2 to the side facing the suction chamber 8 in the groove 12. A passage 14 is formed. The crankshaft 2 side and the suction chamber 8 communicate with each other via the oil supply passage 14. It should be noted that the crankshaft 2 also has an oil supply passage (not shown) communicating with the oil supply passage 14, and this oil supply passage is communicated with a portion of the hermetically sealed container 1 to which oil is being supplied.

Next, the operation of this rotary compressor will be described. When the crankshaft 2 is rotated by the electric motor,
The lubricating oil is introduced into the oil supply passage 14 through the oil supply passage provided in the crankshaft 2. Oil supply passage 1
Since 4 is opened on the suction chamber 8 side of the groove 12, the lubricating oil is supplied to the contact portion between the vane 5 and the piston 3 by the differential pressure thereof. The supplied lubricating oil forms an oil film in the contact portion between the vane 5 and the piston 3 to improve the lubrication state, which is sufficient even when a non-chlorine type refrigerant having a lower lubrication action than the conventional refrigerant is used. A durable rotary compressor can be realized.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a piston. Components having the same functions as those in the above embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals. The description will be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in this rotary compressor, a plurality of oil supplies penetrating the piston 3 from the side facing the crankshaft 2 to the side facing the compression chamber 9 in the groove 12. A passage 15 is formed. The crankshaft 2 side and the compression chamber 9 communicate with each other via the oil supply passage 15. Note that an oil supply passage (not shown) that communicates with the oil supply passage 15 is also formed in the crankshaft 2, and this oil supply passage communicates with a predetermined location in the closed container 1. Lubricating oil is boosted by a lubricating oil booster mechanism that works in conjunction with rotation.

Next, the operation of this rotary compressor will be described. When the crankshaft 2 is rotated by the electric motor,
The pressurized lubricating oil is guided to the oil supply passage 15 through the oil supply passage provided in the crankshaft 2. Since the oil supply passage 15 is opened to the compression chamber 9 side of the groove 12, the lubricating oil is supplied to the contact portion between the vane 5 and the piston 3 by the pressure thereof. Vane 5 by the supplied lubricating oil
An oil film is formed in the contact portion between the piston and the piston 3 to improve the lubrication state, and the rotary compressor has sufficient durability even when a non-chlorine type refrigerant having a lower lubrication action than the conventional refrigerant is used. Can be realized.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a vane. The description is omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in this rotary compressor, a cylindrical roller 16 having a radius equal to or smaller than the radius of curvature of the groove 12 of the piston 3 is slidably fitted on the tip of the vane 5. Have been combined.

The operation of this rotary compressor will be described. In this rotary compressor, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, since the roller 16 is slidably fitted to the tip of the vane 5, contact between the tip of the vane 5 and the groove 12 of the piston 3 is prevented. Rolling contact is achieved through the roller 16, and wear of the contact portion between the vane 5 and the piston 3 is reduced. Therefore, a rotary compressor having sufficient durability can be realized even when a chlorine-free refrigerant having a lower lubricating effect than that of a conventional refrigerant is used.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a vane. The description is omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in this rotary compressor, the tip of the vane 5 is made of a ceramic material 17, and the vane 5 and the ceramic material 17 are integrally provided. That is, a ceramic material 17 made of Sic or the like is shrink-fitted and integrally formed at the tip of the vane 5 made of a conventional piston material (sintered iron, cast iron, etc.). The outer peripheral surface of the ceramic material 17, which is the tip of the vane 5, is finished with a smaller finished surface roughness than before.

The operation of this rotary compressor will be described. In this rotary compressor, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the tip of the vane 5 is made of the ceramic material 17, and the finished surface roughness of the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic material 17 is finished to be small, so that the friction coefficient is Even if the supply of the lubricating oil to the contact portion between the vane 5 and the piston 3 is interrupted, the wear of the contact portion can be reduced. Therefore, a rotary compressor having sufficient durability can be realized even when a non-chlorine type refrigerant having a lower lubricating effect than that of a conventional refrigerant is used.

In this embodiment, the ceramic material 17 is attached to the tip of the conventional piston material (sintered iron, cast iron, etc.).
Although a structure in which (Sic or the like) is shrunk is shown, other than this, for example, ceramics may be sprayed on the tip of the vane 5 to finish the surface.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a vane.
Those having the same functions as those in the above embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, in this rotary compressor, a tip seal 18 made of resin having self-lubricating property is integrally provided at the tip of the vane 5. As the material of this resin, for example, tetrafluoroethylene resin, PPS resin, or a mixture thereof is suitable.

Next, the operation of this rotary compressor will be described. In this rotary compressor, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, even if the oil supply to the contact sliding portion between the tip of the tip seal 18 and the piston 3 is interrupted,
The self-lubricating action of the tip seal 18 made of resin ensures the lubricating action and reduces the wear of the piston 3.
Since the tip seal 18 is made of resin,
The hardness is much lower than that of the mating material piston 3, and the mating material (piston 3) is adapted to the initial wear, so that the progress of wear of the tip seal 18 and the piston 3 can be suppressed low. Therefore, a rotary compressor having sufficient durability can be realized even when a chlorine-free refrigerant having a lower lubricating effect than that of a conventional refrigerant is used.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, a lubricating oil film is formed by newly providing an oil supply passage for supplying the lubricating oil to the contact portion between the vane and the piston and positively supplying the lubricating oil. Thus, oil film lubrication can be realized, and wear of the contact portion between the vane and the piston can be reduced.

Further, a cylindrical roller is slidably fitted to the tip of the vane to realize rolling contact as a structure capable of rotating the tip of the vane, and wear of the contact portion between the vane and the piston can be reduced. .

Further, by forming the tip of the vane with a ceramic material, the hardness of the contact portion can be increased and the flatness can be reduced, and wear can be reduced. In addition, by providing a self-lubricating resin tip seal on the tip of the vane, even if the oil supply to the contact sliding part between the vane and the piston is interrupted, the self-quasi-lubricating material ensures lubricity. Is secured. Further, since the tip seal is made of resin, its hardness is much lower than that of the piston of the mating material, and it is adapted to the mating material by the initial wear, and the progress of wear can be suppressed low.

As described above, in any structure, it is possible to realize a rotary compressor having sufficient durability even when a non-chlorine type refrigerant having a lubricating effect lower than that of a conventional refrigerant is used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a vane of the rotary compressor.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a piston of the rotary compressor.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a piston of the rotary compressor.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a vane of the rotary compressor.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a vane of the rotary compressor.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a rotary compressor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a vane of the rotary compressor.

FIG. 13A is a sectional view of a conventional rotary compressor, and FIG. 13B is a perspective view of a piston of the rotary compressor.

FIG. 14A is a side view and a sectional view of a piston of a conventional rotary compressor, and FIG. 14B is a side view and a sectional view of a piston of a conventional rotary compressor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Airtight Container 2 Crank Shaft 3 Piston 4 Cylinder 5 Vane 8 Suction Chamber 9 Compression Chamber 11 Back Pressure Chamber 12 Groove 13, 14, 15 Oil Supply Passage 16 Roller 17 Ceramic Material 18 Chip Seal

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification number Reference number within the agency FI Technical indication location F04C 29/02 311 A 6907-3H (72) Inventor Yuichi Yakumaru 1006 Kadoma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Denki Sangyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A piston is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip of a vane slidably fitted on a cylinder is brought into contact with the piston to make the inside of the cylinder a suction chamber. In a rotary compressor in which the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeatedly suck, compress and discharge gas, a vane tip is provided on the outer circumference of the piston. Is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, and is formed so as to penetrate from the front end portion to the rear end portion of the vane, and the lubricating oil from the rear end portion side of the vane is formed between the vane and the piston. Rotary compressor provided with an oil supply passage for supplying to the contact part of the. 2. A piston is fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip end of a vane slidably fitted to a cylinder is brought into contact with the piston so that the inside of the cylinder is a suction chamber. In a rotary compressor in which the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeatedly suck, compress and discharge gas, a vane tip is provided on the outer circumference of the piston. Is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, the piston,
An oil supply passage that penetrates from the side facing the crankshaft to the side facing the suction chamber is provided, and the lubricating oil is supplied from the suction chamber side of the oil supply passage to the contact portion between the vane and the piston. Type compressor. 3. A piston is fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip end of a vane slidably fitted to a cylinder is brought into contact with the piston so that the inside of the cylinder is a suction chamber. In a rotary compressor in which the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeatedly suck, compress and discharge gas, a vane tip is provided on the outer circumference of the piston. Is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, the piston,
An oil supply passage that penetrates from the side facing the crankshaft to the side facing the compression chamber is provided, and lubricating oil is supplied from the compression chamber side of the oil supply passage to the contact portion between the vane and the piston. Type compressor. 4. A piston is fitted to an outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and a tip end of a vane slidably fitted to a cylinder is brought into contact with the piston so that the inside of the cylinder is a suction chamber. In a rotary compressor in which the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeatedly suck, compress and discharge gas, a vane tip is provided on the outer circumference of the piston. Is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, and a cylindrical roller having a radius equal to or less than the radius of curvature of the groove of the piston is slidably fitted to the tip of the vane. Rotary compressor. 5. A piston is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and the tip of a vane slidably fitted to the cylinder is brought into contact with the piston so that the inside of the cylinder is a suction chamber. In the rotary compressor in which the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeatedly suck, compress and discharge gas, a vane tip is provided on the outer periphery of the piston. A rotary compressor in which a groove with which the abutment is formed is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, and a tip portion of the vane is made of a ceramic material. 6. A piston is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of a crankshaft rotated by an electric motor, and the tip of a vane slidably fitted to the cylinder is brought into contact with the piston so that the inside of the cylinder is a suction chamber. In a rotary compressor in which the piston is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft and the vane is reciprocally moved to repeatedly suck, compress and discharge gas, a vane tip is provided on the outer circumference of the piston. A rotary compressor in which a groove which is in contact with is formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the crankshaft, and a tip seal made of resin having self-lubricating property is provided at a tip portion of the vane.