JPH0626321Y2 - Evaporator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to an evaporator for evaporating and separating a solvent such as water from a solution such as an aqueous solution of caustic soda to concentrate the solution.
More specifically, the present invention relates to an evaporation device capable of performing a reliable evaporation action without impeding the evaporation action by the vapor component even when the solution supplied to the evaporation device contains a large amount of the evaporation vapor component.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as an evaporator for concentrating, for example, a caustic soda aqueous solution, an apparatus as shown in FIG. 3 or 4 has been known.

First, the apparatus shown in FIG. 3 will be described.

In FIG. 3, the evaporation apparatus 10 is provided with a liquid introducing chamber 20 into which a supply liquid is introduced at the top, and a large number of heating tubes 33 are suspended from the upper and lower tube plates 31 and 32 below the liquid introducing chamber 20. A liquid heating chamber 30 is provided, and a liquid discharge container 40 is provided below the liquid heating chamber 30. The lower end of the liquid introduction chamber 20 is partitioned by the upper tube plate 31, the upper end of the liquid discharge container 40 is partitioned by the lower tube plate 32, and the upper and lower ends of each heating tube 33 penetrate through the tube plates 31, 32 respectively. It communicates with the introduction chamber 20 and the liquid discharge container 40. It is located below the lower end opening of the liquid introducing pipe 21 inside the liquid introducing chamber 20, receives the supply liquid and accumulates it in a certain amount, and overflows the liquid from the valleys of a large number of notches formed around the upper end to make it vertical. A bottomed cylindrical liquid dispersion container 22 is arranged to flow down along the outer wall. The liquid dispersion container 22 is connected to the inner wall of the liquid introduction chamber 20 by a support member (not shown) and attached.
At the position below the liquid dispersion container 22 and above the upper tube sheet 31, the liquid that overflows and falls from the periphery of the upper end of the liquid dispersion container 22 is dispersed on the surface, and the respective heating tubes 33 below are dispersed.
Holes (diameter 10 to 20 mm) to evenly supply to
A perforated dispersion plate 23 having a through hole is provided across the liquid introduction chamber 20. The supply liquid introducing pipe 1 is connected to the liquid introducing pipe 21. A vapor separator 50 is connected to the bottom of the liquid discharge container 40 via a conduit 40a at a position approximately at the middle height of the liquid discharge container 40 below the evaporator 10, and a small diameter liquid communication pipe 40b is provided on the bottom side of the liquid discharge container 40 and the separator 50. It is provided. A demister 51 is provided above the separator 50, and a vapor discharge pipe 52 is attached above the demister 51.
Concentrated liquid discharge pipes 2 and 3 are attached to the lower portions of the liquid discharge container 40 and the separator 50, respectively.
3 is connected to pipe 4. Heating chamber 30 of evaporation device 10
A supply pipe 34 for a heating medium such as heating steam for heating the heating tube 33 from the outer surface and a discharge pipe 35 for the heating medium used for heating are provided in the.

The operation of the evaporator thus constructed will be described. The supply liquid to be concentrated is introduced into the liquid dispersion container 22 in the liquid introduction chamber 20 at the top of the evaporator 10 through the pipes 1 and 21. A certain amount of the supply liquid is stored in the liquid dispersion container 22, and the liquid evenly overflows from the valleys of the plurality of notches formed around the upper end in the circumferential direction of the upper end and flows down along the vertical outer wall.
Fall on. Here, the liquid almost uniformly enters into a large number of holes provided by being dispersed in the dispersion porous plate 23, whereby
It evenly flows into a large number of heating tubes 33 that are open below. The liquid flows down in a thin film in each heating tube 33, and during this time, the liquid is evaporated and concentrated. The generated steam enters the lower liquid discharge container 40 from the lower end of each heating tube 33, then passes through the pipe line 40a, and passes through the steam separator 50.
Will be introduced in. Further, the concentrated liquid drops from the lower end of each heating tube 33 into the liquid discharge container 40 in the lower part and is stored in the lower part. Further, in the vapor separator 50, the liquid component is separated from the introduced steam and falls, and at the same time, the liquid component collected by the upper demister 51 falls and is stored in the lower part. Each of the concentrated liquids is a liquid discharge container 40.
Then, the gas passes through the discharge pipes 2 and 3 of the vapor separator 50, merges at the pipe 4 and is sent to the next step by the pump 5 or is collected. Demister 51 of vapor separator 50
The steam that has passed through is discharged from the discharge pipe 52.

However, in the evaporator 10 shown in FIG. 3, when the supply liquid supplied to the liquid introduction chamber 20 contains a large amount of vapor, it is considered that the vapor and the liquid are mixed in the liquid introduction chamber 20. Has become.

Next, the conventional device shown in FIG. 4 will be described. The same parts as or corresponding parts to those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In this apparatus, a vapor separator 60 is separately provided between the evaporation device 10 and the supply liquid pipe 1, and the liquid introduction chamber 20 of the evaporation device 10 is provided.
The vapor component contained in the supply liquid is separated before the liquid is supplied to the liquid supply chamber 20, and only the liquid component is introduced into the liquid introduction chamber 20, and the vapor separator 60 is provided above the evaporator 10.

In the vapor separator 60, a liquid collision plate 61 having a tip portion bent obliquely downward and having a predetermined width in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface has its inclined portion 61a facing the opening of the liquid supply port 65, and The liquid collision plate 61 is provided at a distance, and the lower part of the liquid collision plate 61 serves as a liquid reservoir, and the upper part is provided with a demister 62. The lower part of the vapor separator 60 and the liquid introduction chamber 20 of the evaporator 10 are connected by a pipe 63 via a pipe 21. A vapor discharge pipe 64 is connected to the top of the vapor separator 60, and this pipe 64 is connected to the evaporator 10
Are joined together by a steam discharge pipe 52 and a pipe 68 of a steam separator 50 arranged in parallel. A recycle pipe 66 is connected between the discharge side pipe of the concentrated liquid discharge pump 5 and the vapor separator 60.

Explaining the operation of the evaporator having such a configuration, the supply liquid is sent from the inside of the liquid supply pipe 1 to the vapor separator 60, is horizontally discharged from the liquid supply port 65 of the vapor separator 60, and is supplied to the liquid collision plate 61. The liquid collides with the inclined portion 61a and is separated into vapor and liquid, and the liquid falls downward and is accumulated downward. The vapor is opened at both end portions of the liquid collision plate 61 at right angles to the paper surface or the accumulated liquid It is sent above the vapor separator 60 through the gap with the upper surface. The vapor passes through the demister 62 to separate the liquid content in the vapor, and then is discharged from the pipe 64. Then, the liquid accumulated below the vapor separator 60 is discharged from the pipe 63, passes through the pipe 21 and the evaporator 1
0 is supplied into the liquid introduction chamber 20, and thereafter, the evaporation device 10 and the vapor separator 50 perform the same operations as those of the device shown in FIG. 3 to concentrate the liquid. A part of the concentrated liquid is returned to the vapor separator 60 by the pipe 66 at the discharge portion of the pump 5, and the contained vapor component is further separated. Further, the steam discharged from the steam separator 50 arranged in parallel in the evaporator 10 passes through the pipe 52 and the steam from the pipe 64 and the pipe 6
It merges at 8 and is discharged.

Then, in the evaporator 10 shown in FIG. 4, the supply liquid from which a considerable amount of vapor has been removed is introduced into the liquid introducing chamber 20.

[Problems to be solved by the present invention]

In the evaporator 10 shown in FIG. 3, when a large amount of vapor is contained in the supply liquid supplied into the liquid introducing chamber 20, the vapor and the liquid are mixed in the liquid introducing chamber 20. Therefore, the vapor hinders the uniform flow of the liquid. That is, since the liquid uniformly overflows and flows down from the valleys of each notch around the upper end of the liquid dispersion container 22 and the liquid is not evenly distributed to the entire surface of the dispersion porous plate 23, the entire surface of the dispersion porous plate 23. The liquid does not evenly flow toward the opening direction of the lower heating tube 33 from each of the holes provided over a large number. Also,
The vapor may also occupy certain holes in the dispersed porous plate 23. Then, the liquid stops flowing continuously, and the flow becomes intermittent. Therefore, each heating tube 23
The liquid is not uniformly dispersed in the liquid. In such a state, there is a problem that the evaporation capacity of the evaporation device is deteriorated and the heating tube 23 is locally abnormally heated to shorten the life. Further, in the heating tube 23, for example, the inner surface of the tube becomes a thin film and the liquid flows down, but this flow state becomes non-uniform and intermittently flows, so that heat transfer is not effectively performed.

In order to avoid such a situation, it is conceivable that before supplying the liquid to the liquid heating chamber 20, the liquid is cooled and supplied so that the vaporized vapor in the supplied liquid is not generated. The energy of the liquid will be wasted,
Not preferable.

On the other hand, in the evaporator 10 shown in FIG.
Although a considerable amount of vapor is supplied to the liquid introduction chamber 20 of the above, the internal structure of the vapor separator 60 as described above cannot be sufficiently removed even yet, and a part of the vapor remains in the liquid. The liquid is supplied to the liquid introduction chamber 20 in a state of being mixed with the above, and is not sufficiently dispersed in each heating tube 33. Further, in this case, since the vapor separator 60 is separately installed, the installation space is increased and extra piping is required, which complicates the entire configuration. Furthermore, the vapor separator 60 must be provided at a position higher than the evaporator 10 when the liquid stored therein is supplied from the pipe 63 to the liquid introduction chamber 20 by gravity, and the mounting structure is complicated. Become.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and even when the supply liquid contains a large amount of vaporized vapor,
The structure is such that the vapor component can be reliably separated from the liquid in the liquid introduction chamber of the evaporator, and the device has a simple structure, and the flow of the liquid by the vapor is supplied to the heating tube in the liquid introduction chamber. So that the liquid can be evenly distributed to each heating tube without disturbing
An object of the present invention is to provide an evaporation device that can surely perform the evaporation action.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a liquid introducing chamber in the upper part, a liquid heating chamber containing a tube group communicating with the liquid introducing chamber in the lower part, and a tube group in the lower part of the liquid heating chamber. In an evaporation device comprising a liquid discharge container in communication with the liquid supply chamber, the solution supplied to the liquid supply chamber is heated while flowing down each tube of the heating chamber to separate the solvent from the solution, in the liquid supply chamber, A liquid reservoir is installed below the inlet so that the liquid inlet chamber is divided into upper and lower parts, a liquid dispersion container is arranged below the liquid reservoir, and the liquid reservoir and the liquid dispersion container are communicated with the liquid reservoir. The liquid outlet nozzles are connected to each other, the liquid outlet of the liquid outlet nozzle is located in the liquid of the liquid dispersion container, and the vapor outlet is provided above the liquid reservoir.

[Action]

The liquid containing the vaporized vapor component introduced from the inlet into the liquid inlet chamber at the top of the evaporator is separated into vapor and liquid in the chamber above the liquid reservoir, and the vapor is discharged from the outlet above and Are dropped and stored in the liquid container. Further, the liquid stored in the liquid storage container passes through the liquid outflow nozzle and flows down into the liquid dispersion container below. When supplying the liquid to this liquid dispersion container, the liquid outlet of the liquid outflow nozzle is located in the liquid accumulated in the liquid dispersion container, so that the liquid is sealed from the liquid reservoir to the liquid dispersion container. Is supplied, it is possible to prevent the vapor from entering the liquid dispersion container along with the liquid from the liquid reservoir container. That is, since the liquid introducing chamber is divided into the upper chamber and the lower chamber by the liquid reservoir, the vapor in the upper chamber cannot enter the lower chamber. Therefore, the flow of the liquid from the liquid dispersion container to each heat transfer tube is not disturbed by the vapor, the liquid is evenly distributed from the liquid dispersion container, and the liquid is distributed to each heat transfer tube. The distribution is even. Further, the above-mentioned liquid seal acts so that the vapor escapes above the liquid storage container, and the vapor separation action above the liquid storage container is also ensured. Then, the liquid evenly dispersed and introduced into each heat transfer tube is efficiently subjected to heat transfer in the heating chamber to evaporate the solvent thereof, and the evaporative concentration action is surely performed. The liquid concentrated in each heat transfer tube falls into the liquid discharge container below and is received.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of an evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. In the drawings, the same parts as those in FIGS. 3 and 4 or the corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the liquid introduction chamber 20 at the top of the evaporator 10, a funnel-shaped liquid reservoir container 70 is located at an approximately intermediate height position, with its upper peripheral edge attached to the inner wall surface of the liquid introduction chamber 20. The liquid reservoir 70 divides the liquid introducing chamber 20 into an upper chamber 20a and a lower chamber 20b. In the lower chamber 20b, a liquid outflow nozzle 71 is located at the lower end of the liquid storage container 70 so as to communicate with the inside of the liquid storage container 70 and hang down. The lower end portion thereof is the same as that shown in FIGS. Liquid dispersion container 22
Are arranged and attached. The liquid outflow nozzle 71 is provided with a liquid discharge port 71a opened at its lower end,
The liquid discharge port 71a is located inside the liquid dispersion container 22 and is located in the liquid below the liquid surface 22a of the liquid dispersion container 22. Further, a dispersion porous plate 23 similar to that shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is attached to a position below the liquid dispersion container 22.

On the other hand, in the upper chamber 20a, as in the case of FIG. 4, a liquid collision plate 61 which is bent obliquely downward at the tip portion and has a predetermined width in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface has the inclined portion 61a at the liquid introduction port 6.
5 are provided facing each other and at a distance. The liquid supply pipe 1 is connected to the liquid introduction port 65. Further, a steam outlet 72 is provided on the top.

The liquid heating chamber 30 and the liquid discharge container 40 are connected below the liquid introduction chamber 20 to configure the evaporation device 10. A vapor separator 50 is communicated with the liquid discharge container 40 and arranged in parallel, and a pipe 73 is connected between the vapor discharge port 72 of the liquid introduction chamber 20 and the vapor separator 50. Further, the liquid discharge container 40 and the vapor separator 50 are connected to concentrated liquid discharge pipes 2 and 3, respectively, at their lower portions, and are further connected to a pipe 4 in which a pump 5 is incorporated. A recycle pipe 66 is connected between the concentrated liquid extraction pipe 6 on the discharge side of the pump 5 and the supply liquid supply pipe 1.

The operation of the apparatus of this embodiment configured as described above will be described.

The liquid containing the vaporized vapor component introduced from the liquid supply pipe 1 into the upper chamber 20a of the liquid introduction chamber 20 in the upper part of the evaporator 10 through the inlet 65 is discharged horizontally from the inlet 65, and the liquid collision 61 It collides with the inclined portion 61a and is separated into a vapor and a liquid component, and the liquid component drops downward and the liquid storage container 70 positioned below.
Is stored. The steam is discharged from the upper steam discharge port 72 through the gap between the paper surface of the liquid collision plate 61 and both side end openings in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface or the upper surface of the stored liquid. Then, the liquid stored in the liquid storage container 70 passes through the liquid outflow nozzle 71 and flows down into the liquid dispersion container 22 below. At this time, the liquid discharge port 71a of the liquid outflow nozzle 71 is located in the liquid below the liquid surface 22a of the liquid accumulated in the liquid dispersion container 22,
With the liquid sealed, the liquid reservoir 70 to the liquid dispersion container 22
Since the liquid is supplied into the liquid, it is possible to prevent vapor from entering the liquid from the liquid reservoir 70 into the liquid dispersion container 22 by being mixed with the liquid. That is, since the liquid introduction chamber 20 is divided into the upper chamber 20a and the lower chamber 20b by the liquid reservoir 70, the vapor in the upper chamber 20a cannot enter the lower chamber 20b. Therefore, the flow of the liquid is not disturbed by the vapor from the liquid dispersion container 22 to each of the heat transfer tubes 33. That is, the liquid stored in the liquid dispersion container 22 overflows evenly in the circumferential direction from the valleys of the plurality of notches in the upper end circumferential direction, flows down along the vertical outer surface wall, and drops onto the dispersion porous plate 23 below. Further, on this surface, a liquid layer having a predetermined height is formed, and the liquid is uniformly distributed and supplied from each of the plurality of holes, and the liquid is evenly distributed to the heat transfer tubes 33. Done. On the other hand, the above-mentioned liquid seal imparts an action of allowing the vapor to escape to the upper side of the liquid reservoir 70 in the upper chamber 20a, so that the vapor separation is surely performed. Then, the liquid that is evenly separated and charged into each heat transfer tube 33 efficiently receives heat from the heating medium that is introduced from the supply pipe 34 in the liquid heating chamber 30, the solvent is evaporated, and the evaporative concentration action is achieved. Is surely done. The liquid concentrated in each heat transfer tube 33 has a liquid discharge container 40 below it.
It falls inside and is accepted. Further, the steam generated in the heat transfer tube 33 is also introduced into the liquid discharge container 40, where a part of the liquid is separated, and is guided into the steam separate 50 through the pipe line 40a. Here, the liquid is further separated from the vapor, and the liquid is stored in the lower storage tank. The steam is discharged from the pipe 52 after the mist is removed by the demister 51. Further, the steam discharged from the steam discharge port 72 in the upper part of the liquid introducing chamber 20 passes through the pipe 73, and the steam separator 5
It is guided to the inside of 0, where the mist is removed by the demister 51, and then discharged from the pipe 52. The concentrated liquid flows from the pipe lines 2 and 3 through the pipe 4 by the operation of the pump 5 and the take-out pipe 6
A part of the liquid is returned from the recycle pipe 66 to the liquid introducing chamber 20 and is again concentrated.

Although the shape of the liquid reservoir 70 has been described as a funnel shape, it may be a hemispherical shape or a trapezoidal box shape.

[Effect of device]

As is clear from the above description, the present invention is configured as described in the scope of claims for utility model registration.Therefore, even when a large amount of vaporized vapor is contained in the supply liquid, the liquid is introduced in the liquid introduction chamber of the evaporator. The vapor component can be reliably separated from the liquid, and the vapor does not mix with the liquid in the process of supplying the liquid to the heating tube, so that the flow of the liquid is not disturbed by the vapor. Therefore, the liquid can be evenly dispersed in each heating tube, and the evaporative concentration effect can be reliably performed. Further, since the vaporized vapor component contained in the supply liquid is separated in the liquid introducing chamber, it is not necessary to separately provide a separating device, and an evaporator having a simple structure can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a vertical sectional view of an evaporator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are vertical sectional views showing different conventional evaporators. Is. 10 ... Evaporator, 20 ... Liquid introduction chamber, 22 ... Liquid dispersion container, 23 ... Dispersion porous plate, 61 ... Collision plate, 65 ...
Liquid inlet, 70 ... Liquid reservoir, 71 ... Liquid outflow nozzle,
71a ... Liquid discharge port (liquid outflow nozzle), 30 ... Liquid heating chamber, 33 ... Heating tube, 40 ... Liquid discharge container, 72
...... Steam outlet.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A liquid discharge container having an upper part having a liquid introducing chamber, a lower part having a liquid heating chamber containing a tube group communicating with the liquid introducing chamber, and a lower part of the liquid heating chamber having a liquid group communicating with the tube group. In the evaporation device for heating the solution supplied to the liquid introduction chamber while flowing down each tube of the heating chamber to separate the solvent from the solution, in the liquid introduction chamber,
A liquid reservoir is attached below the liquid inlet so as to divide the liquid inlet into upper and lower parts, and a liquid dispersion container is arranged below the liquid reservoir, and the liquid reservoir and the liquid dispersion container are connected to each other. Evaporation characterized in that the liquid discharge nozzles connected to each other are connected to each other, the liquid discharge port of the liquid discharge nozzle is located in the liquid of the liquid dispersion container, and the vapor discharge port is provided above the liquid storage container. apparatus.