JPH06281124A - Method and device for incinerating medical waste - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The objective is to achieve complete incineration and complete sterilization of medical waste. [Structure] Medical waste in the muffle in the primary combustion chamber is indirectly heated while the air is cut off. The medical waste itself does not burn and does not generate heat. It is heated by radiation from the muffle, the temperature rises, and thermal decomposition occurs to generate combustible components. The medical waste after generating the combustible component remains in the primary combustion chamber as carbide. When air is introduced into the muffle from the muffle air introduction part in that state, the inside of the muffle is maintained at a high temperature, so the carbides burn according to the amount of introduced air, and only ash remains in the end. The undisturbed gas generated in the primary combustion chamber mixes with the fresh air from the connection burner and further mixes with the burner flame for combustion.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for incinerating medical waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional medical waste incineration method is to incinerate at high temperature in a primary combustion chamber, guide unburned gas generated in primary combustion to a secondary combustion chamber, and completely burn it in a secondary combustion chamber. It was a method of killing microorganisms adhering to medical waste by prolonging the residence time at high temperature.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional method, since medical wastes (bandages, absorbent cotton, syringes, various storage containers) etc. are directly incinerated by flame, they are rapidly burned at the initial stage of incineration. Waste burns and generates heat. For this reason, it has been extremely difficult to control the temperature inside the furnace, and at the same time, there has been a serious problem that the structural members are greatly damaged due to a rapid temperature rise and a high temperature.

Further, since a large amount of combustion exhaust gas and unburned parts are generated, even if a secondary combustion chamber is provided to achieve complete combustion,
Since the amount is too large, the residence time is short, and uneven flow is liable to occur, and there is a problem in that some of the gas is discharged unburned.

Furthermore, when infectious microorganisms are attached to medical waste and a large amount of combustion exhaust gas is generated at the initial stage of incineration, it is not possible to secure a sufficient high temperature residence time in the secondary combustion chamber. Or due to the above-mentioned drift
There was also a problem that some of them were alive and were discharged together with the exhaust gas.

[0006]

As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention comprises a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber, a muffle is provided in the primary combustion chamber, and medical waste is contained in the muffle. By indirect heating from the outside of the muffle, the medical waste is heat-treated while being shielded from the air and combustion gas, and the combustible components generated in the muffle are burned in the secondary combustion chamber. Provide a way to handle.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention comprises the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber, a muffle is installed in the primary combustion chamber, and the inside of the muffle is heated by indirect heating. There is provided an apparatus configured to incinerate the combustible component generated in 1. in the secondary combustion chamber.

As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a device in which the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are connected by a connection flow section, and a burner is provided in the connection flow section. provide.

Further, according to the present invention, as means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the combustion gas obtained by indirectly heating the muffle in the primary combustion chamber is provided in the connection flow section while being mixed with the combustible component flowing out from the muffle. A method is provided for reaching a connection burner and introducing it into a secondary combustion chamber while mixing and burning with gas air therein.

Further, according to the present invention, as a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, an independent exhaust portion is provided in the primary combustion chamber, and all the combustion gas generated in the primary combustion chamber is exhausted from the exhaust portion. An apparatus configured as described above is provided.

Further, as a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an apparatus in which the muffle is provided with a muffle air introduction section for introducing air into the muffle to burn carbonized waste. provide.

Further, according to the present invention, as a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a part of the bottom wall of the primary combustion chamber is detachably constructed,
Provided is a device configured so that waste can be stored in and taken out from the muffle freely.

Further, according to the present invention, as means for solving the above-mentioned problems, a device provided with a shield plate for shielding the radiation from the secondary combustion chamber between the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber. I will provide a.

The present invention also provides, as a means for solving the above problems, an apparatus having a structure in which a combination of a mixing member and a honeycomb member is installed in one or more stages in the secondary combustion chamber.

[0015]

The medical waste in the muffle heated by the heat of combustion in the primary combustion chamber is indirectly heated while the air is cut off. Therefore, the medical waste itself does not burn, does not generate heat, and is heated by the radiation from the muffle, which raises the temperature and causes thermal decomposition to generate combustible components. The amount of this combustible component generated is controlled by adjusting the heating rate according to the amount of combustion of the burner outside the muffle.

The medical waste after the generation of combustible components remains in the primary combustion chamber as carbides. When air is introduced into the muffle from the muffle air introduction part in that state, the inside of the muffle is maintained at a high temperature, so the carbides burn according to the amount of introduced air, and only ash remains in the end. The connection burner provided between the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber is burned before the primary combustion chamber is burned, and the secondary combustion chamber is set in advance.
Keep at a high temperature of 00 ° C or higher. In such a state, the undesired gas generated in the primary combustion chamber is mixed with the fresh air from the connection burner and further mixed with the burner flame and burned. Since the combustible components are introduced into the central portion of the connection burner, they are well performed without causing a drift with mixing and combustion of these components.

The mixing member provided in the secondary combustion chamber eliminates the uneven flow of the combustion gas and averages it. By passing through the pores of the honeycomb member, the combustion gas is surely heated to a high temperature with a uniform residence time. It is possible to achieve complete combustion and complete killing of microorganisms.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference numeral 1 is a primary combustion chamber in which a muffle 2 made of heat-resistant steel or ceramics is provided.
Set up. Reference numeral 3 is a heating burner provided in the primary combustion chamber 1, 4 is a removable bottom portion by a lift 16 provided at the bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber, and 5 is a muffle air introduction portion. Reference numeral 6 denotes a connection flow section provided between the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 7, and the connection flow section 6 includes a connection section burner 8
To provide. Reference numeral 9 denotes a mixing member provided in the secondary combustion chamber 7, which forms a pair with the honeycomb member 11 and is installed in the single or plural secondary combustion chambers 7. 12 is a temperature detecting means 1
Reference numeral 3 is an air introducing portion, and 14 is a gas introducing portion. Reference numeral 17 is an exhaust part provided in the primary combustion chamber, and 18 is a shield plate provided between the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 7 for preventing radiant heat from the primary combustion chamber 1. is there.

When the heating burner 3 is ignited with the flammable container 10 containing the medical waste 15 placed on the detachable bottom 4, the muffle 2 is heated by the combustion gas. At this time, since the muffle air introduction part 5 is kept in the closed state, the inside of the muffle 2 is heated with the air cut off. Therefore, the medical waste 15 undergoes thermal decomposition to generate a combustible component, but since the thermal decomposition reaction is an endothermic reaction, the reaction occurs only by the amount of heat applied. Therefore, the thermal decomposition rate can be adjusted by adjusting the heating rate from the outside of the muffle 2, and the production rate of the combustible component can be adjusted.

A connecting portion burner 8 is provided in the connecting and circulating portion 6 provided between the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 7. The connecting portion burner 8 includes an air introducing portion 13 and a fuel gas introducing portion 14.
Make up. From the air introduction part 13, a sufficient amount of air is introduced to completely burn the combustible components and the fuel gas from the primary combustion chamber 1.

It is assumed that the connection burner 8 is ignited before the heating burner 3 is ignited, and the heating burner 3 is ignited after the secondary combustion chamber 7 reaches a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher. The combustible components generated in the muffle 2 are mixed with the air from the air introduction part 13 and the fuel gas from the gas introduction part 14 and burned in the connection burner part 8. Since the combustible components are introduced into the center of the connecting portion burner portion 8, they can be uniformly mixed and burned without uneven flow.

In the secondary combustion chamber 7, a mixing member 9 (for example, a refractory plate having a sponge-like structure) and a honeycomb member 11 such as ceramic are set. The combustion gas from the heating burner 3 is disturbed by the mixing member 9, is further mixed and homogenized, and flows into the honeycomb member 11 as a uniform flow. Since the honeycomb member 11 is maintained at a high temperature in advance and has pores, the contact area with the combustion gas is large, and the combustion gas can be reliably heated to a high temperature. Therefore, it is possible to completely burn the combustible components and to completely kill the microorganisms.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 7 are completely separated by the muffle 2. Therefore, the combustion gas from the heating burner 3 does not flow into the secondary combustion chamber 7, and the exhaust portion 1 provided in the primary combustion chamber 1
Emitted from 7. With this configuration, the amount of gas flowing into the secondary combustion chamber 7 is significantly reduced, the residence time in the secondary combustion chamber is extended by that amount, and further complete combustion and sterilization are ensured. In the above case, the shielding plate 18 prevents the radiation from the secondary combustion chamber 7 to the primary combustion chamber 1, so that its temperature influence can be avoided.

[0024]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION As described above, the present invention can control the thermal decomposition rate of medical waste, and as a result, can perform high temperature treatment with a sufficient residence time, and can completely incinerate. The main purpose of sterilization can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing the whole of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional explanatory view showing the whole of another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Primary combustion chamber 2 Muffle 3 Heating burner 4 Detachable bottom 5 Air inlet for muffle 6 Connection flow section 7 Secondary combustion 8 Connection section burner 9 Mixing member 10 Combustible container 11 Honeycomb member 12 Temperature detecting means 13 Air introducing section 14 Gas introduction section 15 Medical waste 16 Lift 17 Exhaust section 18 Shield plate

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Eiji Shigeta 1-48-6 Higashiikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Mitsuyoshi Takahashi 2-8-13 Kitahojiya, Ota-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Mitsuru Tobitano 2-8-13 Kita-Kutani, Ota-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Motoshi Nagao 2-8-13 Kita-Kutani, Ota-ku, Tokyo

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. Comprising a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber,
A muffle is provided in the primary combustion chamber, medical waste is stored in the muffle, and indirectly heated from the outside of the muffle to heat-treat the medical waste in a state of being shielded from air and combustion gas. A method for incinerating medical waste, characterized in that combustible components generated therein are burned in the secondary combustion chamber. 2. Composed of a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber,
A medical waste incineration treatment apparatus configured to install a muffle in the primary combustion chamber and incinerate inflammable components generated in the muffle in the secondary combustion chamber by indirect heating. 3. The medical waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber are connected by a connection flow section, and a connection section burner is provided in the connection section. 4. The combustion gas obtained by indirectly heating the muffle in the primary combustion chamber reaches a connection burner provided in the connection flow section while mixing with combustible components flowing out from the muffle, where it is mixed and burned with gas air. While being introduced into the secondary combustion chamber, the method for incinerating medical waste according to claim 1, characterized in that. 5. The primary combustion chamber is provided with an independent exhaust part,
The medical waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein all the combustion gas generated in the primary combustion chamber is discharged from the exhaust unit. 6. The medical waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the muffle is provided with a muffle air introduction section for introducing air into the muffle to incinerate carbonized waste. 7. The medical waste combustion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the primary combustion chamber has a detachable bottom so that the waste can be stored in and taken out of the muffle freely. 8. The medical waste incinerator according to claim 2, further comprising a shield plate provided between the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber to shield radiation from the secondary combustion chamber. 9. The medical waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a combination of a mixing member and a honeycomb member is installed in one stage or a plurality of stages in the secondary combustion chamber.