JPH0641985A - Execution method of footing - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate execution of a footing, in a footing made of precast concrete. CONSTITUTION:A supporting base 1 capable of being adjusted in the horizontal level is provided on the position to be the branched off part or the corner part of a footing. Further, a base part 3 is arranged between the supporting bases 1. The respective supporting bases 1 are made horizontal and equalized the height to each other. Next, a footing beam 2 is mounted over the supporting bases 1 between. The base part 3 is lifted so as to contact with the lower end of the footing beam 2. In this condition, concrete is placed so as to bury the lower end of the footing beam 2. By this concrete, the footing beam 2, the supporting bases 1, and the base part are formed into one body.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of constructing a foundation using a precast concrete foundation beam which is previously formed in a factory or the like and installed at a construction site to serve as a foundation of a house or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, the foundation of a house is generally formed by pouring concrete on site, and therefore its construction is root cutting on the ground and crushed stone on the root cutting. It is carried out by sequentially performing the work such as laying of ground and forming earthwork by rolling compaction, erection of formwork, placing concrete, dismantling formwork, backfilling, and leveling with mortar.

Further, in the case of a foundation having a footing portion, concrete is laid in the footing portion after laying crushed stones, and when a reinforcing bar is provided in the foundation, it is prior to assembling the formwork. The bar arrangement work is performed. After the concrete is placed, it is also necessary to position and attach anchor bolts for fastening and fixing the foundation as the upper structure to the foundation.

Therefore, in the basic construction procedure as described above, it is difficult to reduce the construction period and the construction cost because a large number of man-hours are required for the work, and the earthwork,
Skilled workers such as rebar and form carpenters are required.

Therefore, in recent years, in order to save the labor at the construction site, the foundation for houses is made into a precast concrete foundation construction block structure formed in advance in a factory or the like, and the foundation for houses is constructed. There are cases where the method of doing is done.

In the block structure, for example, a base footing portion placed on a base and a rising portion provided on the base footing portion and on which an upper structure such as a house is placed are previously prepared in a factory or the like. It is integrally formed with. The block structure has a shape obtained by dividing the conventional cast-in-place foundation perpendicularly to its longitudinal direction. Further, the foundation is one in which a ground work is provided in the same manner as in the case of constructing the foundation by cast-in-place, and concrete is discarded and poured on the ground work.

[0007]

By the way, in order to construct the foundation of a house using the block structure for foundation, it is necessary to adjust the horizontal level of the block structure. That is, in the case of a foundation made of cast-in-place concrete, the level of the foundation can be adjusted by leveling the top of the foundation along a horizontal thread before the cast concrete hardens. With the block structure made of precast concrete that has already hardened, it was necessary to adjust the horizontal level of the block structure when installing the block structure on site.

However, since the block structure made of precast concrete has a large weight, it is difficult to adjust the horizontal level, and a skilled worker needs to adjust the horizontal level over time. In addition, compared with the case of constructing a foundation of cast-in-place concrete,
It needed to be more horizontal and flat.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to facilitate adjustment of the horizontal level and height of the foundation, so that even a not-skilled operator is required to improve efficiency. It is to provide a foundation construction method capable of well constructing a foundation.

[0010]

A method of constructing a foundation according to the present invention comprises a base provided on the earthwork and a foundation beam erected on a base portion, and the base is Comprising a support base having level adjusting means for adjusting the horizontal level of its own upper surface, and a base portion arranged between the support bases. A step of providing a groundwork in the root cutting hole and a step of setting a support base at a position which will be a corner portion or a division base of the foundation of the groundwork, and a substantially rectangular plate-shaped base between these support bases. A step of arranging the parts, a step of adjusting the horizontal level of the support base, a step of bridging the base beam between the support bases, and then a step of lifting the base part to abut the bottom surface of the base beam. In the state, By comprising comprising a step of pouring the poured concrete to be substantially embedded base and the base portion and the solution of the above problems.

[0011]

According to the above structure, the horizontal level of the foundation beam can be easily adjusted by adjusting the horizontal level of the supporting base. Also, because the part that will be the footing part of the foundation is made up of concrete poured so that the lower end of the foundation beam, the support base, and the base part are approximately buried in the state where the base part is lifted, the base part is arranged. It is not always necessary for the land industry to be horizontal and flat, which facilitates the construction of the land industry. Moreover, the closeness between the foundation and the groundwork can be achieved.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 10 are drawings for explaining a construction method of the foundation of this embodiment, and the construction method of the foundation of this embodiment is used in the foundation shown in FIG. 8 and the like. Here, before explaining the construction method of the foundation,
Members used in the foundation constructed by this foundation construction method will be described.

As shown in FIG. 8 etc., this foundation comprises a base B and a foundation beam 2 ... Standing on the base B. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the base B is composed of a support base 1 arranged at each joint of the foundation beams 2, ... And a base portion 3 arranged between the support bases 1. . Support base 1 (1a, 1) for the foundation beam
b, 1c, 1d), as shown in FIGS.
There are different types of shapes.

The support base 1 for foundation beams includes an L-shaped support base 1a in plan view as shown in FIG. 1, and a T-shaped support base 1b in plan view as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, there is a cross-shaped support base 1c in a plan view, and as shown in FIG.

The L-shaped support base 1a is arranged at a corner portion of the foundation, as in an example of the arrangement of the base portion 3 and the support base 1 shown in FIG. 9 in the ground where a house is to be built. is there. In the corner portion of this foundation, the two foundation beams 2, 2 are arranged at right angles, and their ends are abutted against each other. Therefore, the L-shaped support base 1a is formed in an L-shape so as to support the ends of the two base beams 2, 2 arranged at right angles to each other.

Further, the T-shaped support base 1b is arranged at the branch portion of the foundation as shown in FIG. And in the branch part of the foundation, three foundation beams 2, 2, 2
Are arranged at right angles to each other and their ends are butted together. Therefore, the support base 1b is formed in a T shape so as to support the ends of the three foundation beams 2, 2, 2 arranged at right angles to each other.

The cross-shaped support base 1c is shown in FIG.
It is arranged at the intersection of the foundation as shown in.
And at the intersection of the foundations, four foundation beams 2 ...
Are arranged at right angles to each other and their ends are butted together. Therefore, the support base 1c is formed in a cross shape so as to support the ends of the four base beams 2 ... Which are arranged at right angles to each other.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the linear support base 1d has the foundation beams 2 and 2 in the long straight portion of the foundation.
Is to be added to the part. Therefore, the support base 1d includes two foundation beams 2 and 2 which are linearly arranged.
In the joint portion of, the linear beam is formed so as to support the ends of the two base beams 2, 2.

These support bases 1 are plate members 5 (5) formed in L-shape, T-shape, cross shape, and linear shape, respectively.
a, 5b, 5c, 5d), and support bolts 6 for level adjustment (shown in FIGS. 5 and 6) extending from the lower surface of the plate body 5. The plate body 5 includes a foundation beam 2
A plurality of rectangular holes a ... Are formed so that the concrete burying the lower end of the plate body 5 flows from the upper surface to the lower surface of the plate body 5.

A groove 7 is formed on the upper surface of the plate 5 as a mark indicating the position of the center line of the foundation beam 2 installed on the support base 1. The groove 7 is formed in the extending portion of the plate body 5 so that the base beam 2 is placed at the center of the width of the portion of the plate body 5 extending in the L shape, the T shape, the cross shape, and the linear shape. It is formed along the center line.

Further, on the upper surface of the plate member 5, depressions 8 ... Are formed as marks indicating the position of the side surface of the foundation beam 2 installed on the support base 1. The recesses 8 ... Are arranged on the left and right sides of the groove 7 formed along the center line of the extending portion at the end of the extending portion of the plate body 5. The distance between the center line of the extended portion and the depressions 8 is set to 2/1 of the thickness of the base beam 2.

Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the groove 7 of the plate 5 is
When the foundation beam 2 is placed on the plate body 5 with the center line of the foundation beam 2 aligned with, the other half of the depression 8 is hidden in the lower surface of the foundation beam 2 and the remaining half of the depression 8 is a plate. It is visible from above the body 5. The grooves 7 and the depressions 8 are provided by providing a ridge and a projection corresponding to the grooves 7 and the depressions 8 in the formwork when the plate body 5 is formed as precast concrete in a factory or the like. It is what is formed.

A side plate portion 9 is erected on the upper surface of the plate body 5 along the outer periphery of the plate body 5 except for the end face of the extending portion. The level adjusting support bolt 6 is adapted to be screwed into an insert (not shown) embedded in the plate body 5 when the plate body 5 is formed.

The insert has a screw hole into which the support bolt 6 is screwed, and is formed in a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape. And the insert is L-shaped, T-shaped, cross-shaped,
The opening portion of the screw hole is exposed on the lower surface of the plate body 5 and is vertically arranged at a corner portion which is a corner of the outer shape of the plate body formed in a straight line.

Support bolts 6 are all screwed into the inserts at the corners of the plate 5. The angle and height of the upper surface of the plate body 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the screwing depth of the support bolt 6.
That is, the support bolts attached to these plates serve as level adjusting means. The installation positions and the numbers of the inserts and the support bolts 6 are not particularly limited as long as the plate body 5 can be supported in a well-balanced manner. Further, the number of inserts and support bolts 6 installed is preferably as small as possible within a range capable of supporting the plate body 5 in a well-balanced manner, in order to adjust the angle and height of the upper surface of the plate body 5.

The foundation beam 2 is a long, substantially rectangular plate body, and is made of precast concrete having reinforcing bars arranged inside. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the end portion of the base beam 2 which is a joint portion when the base beams 2 and 2 are joined together is thick with one side surface of the base beam 2 protruding. Inside the thickened end portion, a cutout portion 2a that opens to the upper and lower surfaces and the end surface of the foundation beam 2 is provided.
That is, the end portion of the foundation beam 2 has a y-shape in plan view.

For example, when the two foundation beams 2 and 2 are joined in a straight line, the cutouts 2a and 2a of the foundation beams 2 and 2 communicate with each other while the end faces of the foundation beams 2 and 2 are in contact with each other. By arranging the foundation beams 2 and 2 as described above, and by pouring concrete inside the communicating cutouts 2a, the two foundation beams 2 and 2 can be joined.

When the foundation beams 2 are joined in a cross shape, the end portions of the four foundation beams 2 are so arranged that there is a space at the center of the joint portion of the four foundation beams 2. The center space and the cutouts 2a are integrated so that the space in the center and the cutouts 2a of the foundation beams 2 communicate with each other. And the integrated space and the notch 2a
By placing concrete on the ..., the four foundation beams 2 can be integrally joined.

Further, the foundation beam 2 is formed in an L shape or a T shape.
When joining concrete, the foundation beams 2 are divided into two Y-shapes in advance so that the concrete will not leak out when the concrete beams are placed with the ends of the foundation beams 2 ... The two end portions are manufactured by changing the lengths of one end portion and the other end portion. Then, by connecting the cutouts of the respective base beams 2 at the joints of the base beams 2 ... and placing concrete in the cutouts 2a ...
The foundation beams 2 ... Are joined together.

The base portion 3 is a long, substantially rectangular plate body made of precast concrete, and has the same width as the width of the extending portion of the support base 1. Further, the length of the base portion 3 is shorter than the length of the base beam 2 placed on the base portion 3, and the support bases 1 and 1 should be arranged at both ends of the base portion 3. Thus, the entire foundation beam 2 can be supported.

Further, the base portion 3 is formed with a rectangular hole a for allowing concrete for burying the lower end portion of the foundation beam 2 to flow from the upper surface to the lower surface of the base portion 3 like the support base 1. At the same time, side plate portions 9 are provided upright along the length direction of the base portion 3 on the outer periphery of the base portion 3 excluding the end face side, that is, on both side edges.

Next, a method of constructing the foundation will be described.
In advance, in a factory or the like, the support base 1, the foundation beam 2,
The base part 3 is manufactured. Then, the support base 1, the foundation beam 2, and the base portion 3 are transported to the construction site by a truck or the like. Like the conventional foundation construction method, root cutting is performed on the ground where the foundation should be constructed. That is, a root cutting hole (not shown) is formed along the placement position of the foundation. Then, crushed stones are spread on the bottom of the root cutting hole and compacted to form the earthwork. At this time, the support bolt 6 is placed at the position where the support base 1 is arranged.
A rectangular plate-shaped plate 10 made of precast concrete for receiving the ... Is arranged. In addition, it is not necessary to apply abandoned concrete on the earthwork where the base portion 3 is installed.

Further, the ground work is formed with sufficient strength, the foundation beam 2 is arranged on the support base 1 as will be described later, and concrete is poured so that the lower end portion of the foundation beam 2 is buried. If there is no possibility that the support bolts 6 of the support base 1 will go into the earthwork before hardening of the plate 10, the plate 10 may not be arranged.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9, a corner portion, a branch portion, a crossing portion of the foundation, and a joint portion of the foundation beam are
The L-shaped, T-shaped, cross-shaped, and linear support bases 1 are arranged respectively. At this time, the position of the center line of the foundation beam 2 to be installed is determined in advance and the position is indicated by a water thread or the like. And when installing the support base 1 ...
The position of the support bases 1 ... Is determined by aligning the grooves formed on the upper surface of the plate of the support bases 1 ... with this water thread.

Next, the base portions 3 are installed between the support bases 1. Further, in each of the support bases 1, ..., The length of the support bolts 6 ...
The upper surfaces of the support bases 1 are horizontal and the heights of the upper surfaces of the support bases 1 are the same.

Next, the foundation beam 2 is lifted by a crane or the like and placed on the base portion 3 and the support base 1. At this time, both ends of the foundation beam 2 are placed on the support bases 1 and 1, and the ends of the foundation beams 2 are abutted on the support base 1.

When lowering the end of the foundation beam 2 on the support base 1, the position of the foundation beam 2 is determined by aligning the position of the center line of the foundation beam 2 with the position of the groove 7 of the support base 1. , Lower the end of the foundation beam 2 onto the support base 1. And
When the end of the foundation beam 2 is finally lowered onto the support base 1, the side surface of the foundation beam 2 is aligned with the recesses 8 of the plate body 5 of the support base 1 to support the foundation beam 2. If the depressions 8 are partially visible on both side surfaces of the foundation beam 2 when the foundation beam 2 is placed on the base 1, it means that the foundation beam 2 is placed at an accurate position.

By mounting the end portions of the foundation beams 2 on the support base 1 in this manner, the foundation beams 2 become horizontal and the heights of the respective foundation beams 2 become equal, and the foundation beams 2 have the same height. The installation position will be accurate. Since the support bases 1 ... are higher than the base portion 3 by the support bolts 6 ..., there is a gap between the base portion 3 and the foundation beam 2, as shown in FIG. , The plurality of wedge-shaped spacers 11 are driven from both ends of the base portion 3 at intervals in the lengthwise direction of the base portion 3 to lift the base portion 3 and to lift the upper surface of the base portion 3 and the foundation beam. The lower surface of 2 is in contact with.

Next, concrete is placed between the side plate portions 9 of the base portion 3 and the support base 1. While burying the lower end of the foundation beam 2 with the cast concrete,
A concrete layer 4 that integrally joins the base portion 3 and the support base 1 and the foundation beam 2 is formed.

Further, the concrete cast between the base portion 3 and the side plate portion 9 of the support base 1 is supplied from the holes a provided in the plate portion 5 of the base portion 3 and the support base 1 to the base portion 3 and the support portion 1. While flowing into the lower surface side of the base 1, it also enters into the gap of the crushed stone of the earthwork, and the concrete layer 4 made of cast-in-place concrete is also formed between the earthwork and the base portion 3 and the support base 1. The foundation layer 2 and the base portion 3 and the support base 1 are joined by the cast-in-place concrete layer 4, and the base portion 3 and the support base 1 and the earthwork are joined together.

That is, the foundation of this embodiment is in a state in which the foundation and the groundwork are in close contact with each other, like the cast-in-place foundation. Then, in the joint portion of the base beams 2 ..., concrete is placed in the cutout portions 2a of the end portions of the base beams 2 that are abutted, and the base beams 2 that are abutted are integrally joined. At this time, the reinforcing bars may be arranged across the cutouts of the base beams 2 ... And
The foundation work is completed by backfilling the root cutting holes.

As described above, according to the foundation construction method of this embodiment, the precast concrete foundation beams 2 ...
Can be easily adjusted by adjusting the extension length of the support bolts 6 of the support base 1. Therefore, it is not always necessary for the land industry where the support base 1 is placed to be horizontal, and the level does not have to be the same across all land industries, so it has conventionally required a great deal of effort to adjust the horizontal level. It is possible to facilitate the construction of the earthwork. Then, when the support base 1 is installed, the position of the groove 7 formed in the plate body 5 of the support base 1 can be easily adjusted by aligning it with a water thread or the like indicating the position of the center line of the foundation beam 2 to be installed. It is possible to install the support bases 1 ... at precisely precise positions.

When the end portion of the foundation beam 2 is placed on the support base 1, the position of the center line of the foundation beam 2 and the position of the groove 7 of the support base 1 are aligned and the side surface of the foundation beam 2 is aligned. The base beam 2 can be easily placed at an accurate position on the support base 1 by aligning the position of 1 with the position of the recess 8 of the plate body 5 of the support base 1. Therefore, it is possible to easily install the support base 1 at an accurate position in the earthwork, and
Since the foundation beam 2 can be easily installed at a correct position on the support base 1, the foundation beam 2 can be easily installed at a correct position on the ground.

Further, since the base portion 3 has a shape in which after the horizontal level of the foundation beam 2 is adjusted, it is lifted from above the earthwork by the spacer 11 and brought into contact with the lower surface of the foundation beam, it is particularly necessary to adjust its position and level. Easy to install. Moreover, since the base part 3 is configured to float from the earthwork,
As in the case where the support base 1 is installed, it is not necessary to adjust the horizontal level of the groundwork, and the groundwork can be easily formed.

Furthermore, by floating the base portion 3 from the earthwork,
Since the cast-in-place concrete is placed between the base part 3 and the ground work, the ground work, the base part and the foundation beam are integrally joined by the cast-in-place concrete, and the foundation and the ground work are closely attached. You can improve your sex.

In the above embodiment, the side plate portion 9 is provided on the support base 1 and the base portion 3. However, as shown in FIG. 10, the side plate portions are formed on the support base 1'and the base portion 3 '. 9 may not be provided. With such a configuration, the support base 1'and the base portion 3'are
It becomes a substantially flat plate, and its formation is extremely easy.

Further, the support base 1'and the base portion 3 '
Is placed at the bottom of the root cutting hole, so when concrete is placed on the support base 1'and the base portion 3 ',
Even if there is no side plate 9, concrete that has fluidity does not spread to the outside of the root cutting hole and hardens at the bottom of the root cutting hole, resulting in a large increase in the amount of concrete used and problems with the strength of the foundation. Does not occur.

[0048]

As described above in detail, according to the foundation construction method of the present invention, the horizontal level of the foundation beam can be easily adjusted, and the horizontal level can be accurately adjusted even by an unskilled operator. The combined foundation can be easily constructed. In addition, because the construction is such that the foundation beam, the base portion, and the supporting base are substantially buried in the state where the base portion is floated from the ground work, the ground work does not necessarily have to be exactly horizontal and flat, The foundation work can be easily formed in the construction of the foundation, and the construction of the foundation can be simplified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a support base of the above embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing an example of a support base of the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a support base of the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of a support base of the above embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a support base of the above embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the support base and a foundation beam installed on the support base.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a base portion and a foundation beam installed on the base portion in the above embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a support base, a base portion, and a foundation beam of the above embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the arrangement of a support base and a base portion of the above embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing another example of the base beam support base and the base portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

B base 1 (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d) foundation beam support base 2 foundation beam 3 base portion 4 concrete layer 6 foundation beam support base support bolt (level adjusting means)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A level adjusting means comprising a base provided on the ground and a foundation beam standing upright on the base portion, wherein the base has level adjusting means for adjusting a horizontal level of an upper surface of the base. A method of constructing a foundation comprising a support base having the base portion and a base portion arranged between the support bases, wherein a root cutting hole is provided in a ground where a house is to be constructed, and a ground operation is performed in the root cutting hole. The step of providing, then the step of installing a support base at a position such as a corner portion or a split base portion of the foundation of the earthwork, the step of placing a substantially rectangular plate-shaped base portion between these support bases, the support base Adjusting the horizontal level of the base beam, then bridging the base beam between the support bases, and then, with the base portion lifted and brought into contact with the lower surface of the base beam, the lower end portion and the support of the base beam. Substantially bury the base and base part Construction method for foundation, characterized by comprising; and a step of pouring a cast-in-place concrete as.