JPH0645403Y2 - Automobile - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to an automobile having a turning wheel at a rear portion thereof.

(Prior Art) An ordinary car is a so-called 2WS that steers only the front wheels, and the rear wheels only follow the front wheels. Therefore, when parking in a narrow space, it is necessary to repeat the turning operation to frequently operate the steering wheel. However, it was extremely inconvenient for veteran drivers.

As a countermeasure against this, the so-called 4WS that can steer both front and rear wheels
Although a car has been developed, its structure is complicated and expensive, and the steering feeling is different from 2WS, which makes it especially difficult for beginners to use.

Therefore, the inventor of the present invention has proposed a technique as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-19481, that is, providing a rotating shaft parallel to the wheel shaft at the rear of the vehicle, and a supporting frame that rotates integrally with this shaft. Fixed, the distance between the rotating shaft and the ground contact portion of the support frame is longer than the height of the frame against the ground, and an axis for rotating the spare tire between the ground contact portion on the support frame and the rotating shaft. We have devised a spare tire carrier that also serves as a vehicle lateral movement device and that has a bearing that stops.

When the vehicle equipped with this carrier is parked in a narrow space by this carrier, the front portion of the vehicle is slid diagonally into the place where the vehicle is to be parked and the brakes are applied. It is intended to park the vehicle by standing it up to the ground, loosening the brake, rotating the spare tire in the left-right direction of the vehicle by the power mechanism, and rotating the vehicle around the front wheels.

(Problems to be solved by the device) However, in the device of the above-mentioned device, a special drive mechanism is required to rotate the spare tire, and the structure is complicated, which not only increases the cost of the vehicle. Due to the drive mechanism, the weight of the rear portion of the vehicle is increased, which may disturb the weight balance of the vehicle. There is also a problem that it is difficult to incorporate a brake into the drive mechanism due to space limitations.

In view of the above, the present invention intends to obtain an automobile, in particular, a so-called FF automobile which has been frequently used recently, or an automobile having an all-wheel drive vehicle, which has a turning wheel mechanism having a simple structure and low cost. It was devised.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention locks one of the front wheels by energizing a brake lock solenoid valve arranged on one side of a pipe in a diagonal split type brake system. A wheel carrier in which a cross member is slidably supported by a guide rail provided in the front-rear direction of the vehicle on the rear lower surface of a vehicle capable of driving front wheels, and a turning wheel is supported by an arm rotatably attached to the member. A link having one end attached to the vehicle body is fixed to the carrier so that the carrier can be rotated in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the cross member is moved by an actuator to make the wheel substantially vertical from the horizontal and float the rear wheel. Configured as

(Operation) When the automobile J having the above structure is to be parked in a narrow space, the front portion of the automobile J is slid diagonally from the rear to the place where the automobile J is to be parked and the brake is applied. Guide rail 21,2
If the link 27 is slid to the side of the link 27 in 1 ', the wheel carrier 24 is moved while the link 27 is rotating downward, and the wheel 1 is made substantially vertical from the horizontal. As a result, the rear wheels 7, 7'of the vehicle float, so that one of the front wheels (for example, the right wheel 2) is locked in the braking state, the brake 2'a on the other side 2'is released, and the vehicle J is moved forward. By doing so, the other of the front wheels 2'rotates forward by the differential mechanism 6, so that the vehicle J is rotated by the turning wheel 1 about one of the front wheels 2 and the vehicle can be parked at a predetermined parking position. .

After the parking is completed, the brake is applied again, and then the actuator 36 slides the cross member 22 in the guide rails 21 and 21 'to the side opposite to the link 27. Step 24 to move wheel 1 from vertical to horizontal. As a result, the rear wheels 7, 7'of the vehicle land, so that the brake lock of one of the front wheels (for example, the right wheel 2) is released here and the normal parking brake is applied.

When exiting from the parking position, the brake is applied in the same manner as described above, and then the actuator 36 causes the cross member 22 to slide in the guide rails 21 and 21 'toward the link 27 side so that the link 27 rotates downward. The wheel carrier 24 is moved to move the wheel 1 from horizontal to almost vertical. As a result, the rear wheels 7, 7'of the vehicle float, so that one of the front wheels (for example, the right wheel 2) is locked in the braking state, the brake 2'a on the other side 2'is released, and the vehicle J is moved backward. By doing so, the other 2'of the front wheels is rotated rearward by the differential mechanism 6, so that the vehicle J is rotated by the turning wheel 1 about one of the front wheels 2.
Rotates in the direction opposite to the above, causing the rear part of the vehicle to escape from the parking position. If the brake is applied again, the actuator 36 is operated in the opposite direction to the above, and the cross member 22 is slid in the guide rails 21 and 21 'in the direction away from the link 27, the link 27 is rotated upward. Wheel carrier 24
To shift the wheel 1 from vertical to horizontal. As a result, the rear wheels 7, 7'of the vehicle land, so the brakes and brake locks can be released, and the vehicle can be moved backward as usual and then moved forward.

(Embodiment) FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a vehicle of the present invention, showing a wheel for turning, for example, a spare tire 1 in a normal storage (dotted line) and a wheel for turning (virtual line). There is.

This vehicle is a so-called FF vehicle that drives front wheels, and includes, for example, an engine 3, a clutch 4 and a differential mechanism (differential gear mechanism) 6 on the front wheels 2, 2'as shown in FIG. The transaxle 5 is installed in series and is configured to transmit the power of the engine 3 to the front wheels 2, 2'via these drive mechanisms.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the automobile J has a service brake system of a diagonal split system, one of which is a split master cylinder 9 operated by a brake pedal 8 and one of which is a brake 2'a for a left front wheel 2'and a right. The pipe 10 is connected to the brake 7a of the rear wheel 7, and the other is connected to the brake 2a of the right front wheel 2 and the brake 7'a of the left rear wheel 7 '.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 12 is an electromagnetic valve for brake lock, which locks the brake 2a of the front wheel 2 and the brake 7'a of the left rear wheel 7'by confining the brake fluid in the pipe 11 when the operation switch 13 is turned on. Is. When the operation switch 13 is turned on, the flasher lamp 14 is wired as a hazard lamp so as to blink so that safety can be ensured during parking.

3 to 5 show a turning wheel mechanism 20 provided on the lower surface of the rear portion of the automobile, and the mechanism is constructed as follows. That is, first, two guide rails 21, 21 'having a U-shaped cross section are provided in a state of slightly lowering to the rear of the vehicle in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and a cross member 22 is slid on the guide rails 21, 21' via a slider 23. Support freely. An arm 24a integral with a wheel carrier 24 is rotatably attached to the cross member 22, and one end of the carrier 24 is further provided with a pin 25 and a bracket 26 so that the carrier 24 can be rotated in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. A link 27 attached to the vehicle body behind 21,21 'is connected by a pin 28.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 3 and 5, a spindle 29 is fixed to the wheel carrier 24 with a bolt 30, and a wheel hub 32 is mounted through bearings 31 and 31 'fitted to upper journal portions 29a and 29b of the spindle 29. Is installed. In the illustrated example, the brake device 33 is fixed to the inside of the hub 32 by a wheel pin 34 having a screw, and on the outside of the wheel hub 32, a spare tire 1 to be a turning wheel is set in accordance with the wheel pin 34, It is fixed with a nut 35.

A rod 36a of an actuator 36 such as a hydraulic cylinder arranged in the front-rear direction of the automobile is rotatably attached to the cross member 22, and the rod 36a is rotatably attached by the operation of the actuator 36, for example, from a virtual line position in FIG. When 36a extends, the cross member 22 is guided by the guide rails 21 and 21 'and moves to the right in FIG. 4, and along with this, the wheel carrier.
24 descends along the trajectory of the pin 28 of the link 27 that rotates counterclockwise about the pin 25, and at the same time, rotates the wheel carrier 24 to which the arm 24a is fixed in the clockwise direction and tilts it at a substantially right angle. . Therefore, the turning wheel 1 rises as shown by the solid line,
The rear part of the car J can be lifted and the rear wheels 7,7 'can be floated as shown in FIG.

When the vehicle J of the present invention constructed as described above is going to be parked in a narrow space, as shown in FIG. 8, the front portion of the vehicle J is slid diagonally from the right rear to the place where the vehicle J is to be parked and the brake is applied. Depress the pedal 8 to brake all the wheels, and use the actuator 36 to
Is slid to the side of the link 27 in the guide rails 21, 21 ', the link 27 is rotated downward as described above, and the wheel carrier 24 is used to make the wheel 1 substantially vertical from the horizontal. This lifts the rear part of the car and lifts the rear wheels 7,7 ',
Turn on the operation switch 13 to operate the electromagnetic valve 12,
The brakes 2a, 7'a of the front right wheel 2 and the rear left wheel 7'are locked in a braking state. When the right front wheel 2 is locked (regardless of operation because the rear wheel is floating at this time), release the foot from the brake pedal 8 and release the brakes 2'a, 7a of the left front wheel 2'and the right rear wheel 7.

When the vehicle J is moved forward, only the other 2'of the front wheels is rotated forward by the differential mechanism 6, so that the vehicle J is rotated clockwise by the turning wheel 1 about one of the front wheels 2. , A car can be parked at a predetermined parking position. At this time, if the brake device 33 is used, the rotation speed of the vehicle can be adjusted and stopped more efficiently and finely than by the service brake on the vehicle J side.

When the parking position is determined, the brake pedal 8 is stepped on again to brake all the wheels, the actuator 36 is reversely operated, and the cross member 22 is separated from the link 27 in the guide rails 21 and 21 '. Slide to link 27
While rotating upward, the wheel carrier 24 is used to move the wheel 1 from the vertical state to the horizontal state. As a result, the rear wheels 7 and 7'of the automobile land, so remove the brake and brake lock,
Apply the parking brake as usual.

When exiting from the parking position, all the wheels are braked by depressing the brake pedal 8 in the same manner as above, and the actuator 36 causes the cross member 22 to move to the guide rails 21, 21 '.
When the link 27 is slid to the side of the link 27 in the same manner as described above, the link 27 is rotated upward to cause the wheel carrier 24 to move the wheel 1 from the horizontal state to the substantially vertical state. As a result, the rear part of the vehicle rises and the rear wheels 7, 7'float, so that the operation switch 13 is turned on to operate the electromagnetic valve 12 in the same manner as described above, and the brakes 2a for the right front wheel 2 and the left rear wheel 7 ', 7'a is locked in the braking state. Brake pedal 8 when the right front wheel 2 is locked
To release the brakes 2'a and 7a on the front left wheel 2'and the rear right wheel 7 respectively.

When the vehicle J is moved backward, only the other front wheel 2'rotates rearward by the differential mechanism 6, so that the vehicle J rotates counterclockwise about the one front wheel 2 by the turning wheel 1. Then, let the rear part of the car escape from the parking position. With the brakes applied, the actuator 36 is reversely operated to move the cross member 22 to the guide rails 21, 2
By sliding in the direction away from the link 27 in 1 ',
As the link 27 rotates upward, the wheel carrier 24 is moved to bring the wheel 1 from the vertical state to the horizontal state. This allows the rear wheels of the car
Since 7 and 7'will land, the brakes and the brake locks may be removed, the normal retreat operation may be performed, and then the forward movement.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention is capable of locking one of the front wheels by energizing the brake lock solenoid valve disposed in one of the pipes in the diagonal split type brake system. A cross member is slidably supported on a guide rail provided on the lower surface in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and a wheel carrier supporting a turning wheel is fixed to an arm rotatably mounted on the member, and the vehicle is mounted on the carrier. Since a link whose one end is attached to the vehicle body so as to be able to rotate in the front-back direction is connected, and the cross member is moved by an actuator so that the wheel is made substantially vertical from the horizontal and the rear wheel is floated, the turning wheel mechanism. There is no need to install a special drive mechanism in the machine, the mechanism is simple and the cost can be reduced, and the weight is reduced. It does not cause any problems.

Further, since it is not necessary to provide a drive mechanism, a dedicated brake can be provided, which is safe.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an automobile of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a turning wheel mechanism, FIG. 4 is an operation explanatory view of the mechanism, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a brake of the vehicle of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a side view of the vehicle of the present invention when the wheel mechanism for turning is in an operating state, and FIG. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a parking situation of a vehicle according to the present invention. 1; Turning wheels (spare tires), 2, 2 '; Front wheels, 3; Engine, 4; Clutch, 5; Transaxle, 6; Differential gear mechanism, 7, 7'; Rear wheels, sway brake pedal, 9; Split master cylinder, 10, 11; Piping, 12; Brake lock solenoid valve, 13; Actuation switch, 14; Flasher lamp, 20; Turning wheel, 21, 21 '; Guide rail, 22; Cross member, 23 ; Slider, 24; wheel carrier, 24a; arm, 25,28; pin, 27; link, 29; spindle, 31,31 '; bearing, 32; wheel hub, 33; braking device, 34; wheel pin, 35; Wheel nut, 36; actuator, 36a; rod.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A front and rear direction of a vehicle at a rear lower surface of a vehicle capable of driving one of the front wheels by energizing a brake locking solenoid valve disposed on one side of a pipe in a diagonal split type brake system. A cross member is slidably supported on a guide rail provided, and a wheel carrier supporting a turning wheel is fixed to an arm rotatably mounted on the member, and the carrier is rotated in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. A vehicle having one end connected to a vehicle body so that the cross member is moved by an actuator so that the wheels are substantially vertical from the horizontal and the rear wheels are floated.