JPH0648084B2 - Wick type liquid fuel combustion device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a wick type liquid fuel combustion apparatus capable of expanding fire power control by controlling the temperature of a wick which sucks liquid fuel by a capillary phenomenon.

[Technical Background of the Invention and Problems Thereof] A wick type liquid fuel combustion apparatus, for example, a typical wick type petroleum combustor has a plurality of vent holes, and an outer flame cylinder is concentrically arranged in both sides. A combustion chamber is formed between the cylinders, and a wick that absorbs oil by a capillary phenomenon is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber.
The petroleum vapor that evaporates from the core is burnt in the combustion chamber. In this type of wick type oil combustor, usually, a wick guide cylinder is provided so as to surround the wick, and the amount of standing flame is adjusted by adjusting the exposed amount of the wick from the wick guide cylinder. Has been adopted.

In such an oil combustor, when the wick is ignited by, for example, an igniter, air necessary for combustion is introduced into the combustion chamber from a large number of vent holes provided in the inner and outer flame cylinders to promote combustion. . The heat of combustion generated by this combustion heats the wick and increases the evaporation amount of petroleum. Therefore, the combustion is gradually expanded. Usually, in such a wick type oil combustor, a combustion region is set in the upper part of the combustion chamber and a premixing region of air and fuel is set in the lower part of the combustion chamber due to improvement in combustion efficiency and design problems. It is set. For this reason, the air holes formed in the upper part of the inner and outer flame cylinders are formed to have a larger diameter than the air holes formed in the lower part to limit the amount of air introduced into the lower part of the combustion chamber. . Therefore, when the combustion is expanded as described above, the combustion region gradually moves to the upper part of the combustion chamber. When the combustion region moves to the upper part of the combustion chamber in this way, the amount of heat input to the wick decreases, and the amount of oil evaporation decreases. As a result, a steady combustion state is achieved in a state where the amount of heat released from the core and the amount of heat input to the core are balanced.

However, it has been found that such an oil combustor has the following problems. That is, when the wick is lowered to the wick guide tube side in order to particularly reduce the heat power, the amount of evaporation of oil is temporarily reduced and the heat power is reduced, but after a while, the combustion region moves to the lower side of the combustion chamber, The wick temperature is raised again to increase the oil evaporation. Therefore, the fire power cannot be reduced unless the core is extremely lowered. Therefore, it is difficult to smoothly adjust the heat power, and the heat power adjustment range is narrow. Also, when the wick is suddenly exposed from the wick guide cylinder to increase the heating power, a wick containing a large amount of fuel is introduced into the high temperature atmosphere, and as a result, the evaporation of petroleum is rapidly accelerated. In some cases, the combustion inside the combustion chamber cannot be completed and an excessively high flame is generated, which may cause an unfavorable safety situation. Further, at the time of weak combustion, flame is formed in the lower part of the combustion chamber in order to secure a predetermined fuel evaporation amount. For this reason, the premixed region of air and fuel is reduced, and the emission amount of harmful gases such as CO and THC is increased.

Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, recently, the inventors have positively controlled the temperature of the exposed portion of the core through the core guide tube to limit excessive heat input to the core. In this way, we proposed a new type of liquid fuel combustion device that improves the combustibility and expands the thermal power adjustment range. The combustion device adopting this method is equipped with a core temperature control device in which a heat pipe type endothermic element is arranged in a core guide tube,
This core temperature control device automatically controls the temperature of the tip of the core to a temperature corresponding to the exposed amount of the core.

However, even with this new type of combustion device,
In particular, it has been desired to further lower the stable lower limit of weak combustion and further widen the range of thermal power control, and there remains the point of how to meet this requirement.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to bring a heat absorbing portion into close contact with an upper end surface of a lead guide cylinder, and to control an upper end temperature of the lead through the lead guide cylinder. With a heat pipe type core temperature control device, the core type liquid fuel that can significantly lower the stable weak combustion lower limit level without inviting complication of the configuration and thus further expand the thermal power control range To provide a combustion device.

[Outline of Invention]

According to the present invention, a wick that sucks up liquid fuel by a capillary phenomenon, a wick guide that supports this wick, and a heat-absorbing portion are provided in close contact with the upper end surface of this wick guide tube, and the wick guide tube is used. In a heat pipe type core temperature control device for controlling the upper end temperature of the core, the core guide cylinder extends in a direction away from the core from a guide cylinder main body and an upper end of the guide cylinder main body. A first portion, a second portion extending upward from a tip portion of the first portion to a position substantially at the same height as the core height position when the minimum combustion is set, and extending from a tip end of the second portion. Provided is a wick type liquid fuel combustion apparatus including a fire plate portion.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, since the wick guide tube that is under temperature control by the wick temperature control device is configured as described above, the weak combustion lower limit level that can maintain a stable combustion state can be lowered, The range of heat power adjustment can be expanded. That is, most of the amount of fuel evaporated from the wick is determined by the upper end temperature of the wick, and the upper end temperature is determined by the amount of heat input to the wick.
Since the exposed height of the lead is also set high when the maximum combustion is set, the tip of the lead moves away from the lead guide tube whose temperature is controlled by the lead temperature control device. Therefore, the tip of the wick is not affected by the wick guide tube, and receives sufficient heat from the flame. Therefore, a sufficient amount of fuel evaporation can be obtained, and a strong combustion state can be obtained. On the other hand, when the lead is lowered and set to the minimum combustion state, the tip of the lead approaches the second portion of the lead guide cylinder described above. This second part is under the temperature control of the core temperature control device. Therefore, the tip of the wick is affected by the temperature of the second portion, and as a result, the fuel evaporation amount is reduced. Further, since the exposed area of the wick is also reduced, the fuel evaporation amount is extremely reduced. Therefore, by adjusting the upper end position of the second portion to the upper end position of the wick when the wick is exposed to some extent, that is, when the air can be supplied sufficiently, the lower limit of weak combustion for stable combustion is achieved. You can lower the level. Further, in the intermediate combustion state, the heating power can be continuously adjusted by changing the exposed area of the core.

As described above, the first portion and the second portion described above are added to the lead guide tube.
By providing the portion, in particular, the lower limit level of weak combustion for stable combustion can be further lowered, and as a result, the thermal power control range can be further expanded.

Example of Invention

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a wick type petroleum combustor to which the present invention is applied. Reference numeral 1 denotes a combustor housing. The combustor housing 1 has an opening 2 on the front surface thereof, a heat reflection plate 3 facing the opening 2, and a storage tank 4 for storing petroleum in the lateral portion. Has become. A combustor body 5 to be described later is installed on the front surface of the heat reflection plate 3, and a knob for vertically controlling a later-described core of the combustor body 5 is provided below the opening 2. 6 are arranged.

Therefore, the combustor body 5 is specifically shown in FIGS.
It is configured as shown in the figure. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the combustor body 5 is roughly divided into a fuel supply unit 10, a combustion unit 11, and a core temperature control device 12.

The fuel supply unit 10, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3,
An annular fuel tank 21 is provided which is arranged with its opening facing upward and constantly receives replenishment of oil from the storage tank 4 to a certain level. This fuel tank 21 has an outer wall 2
The inner wall 23 is formed to be sufficiently longer than the inner wall 23 in the axial direction. A flange portion 24 bent outward is formed at an upper end portion of the outer side wall 22, and a brim-shaped fire tray 25 bent inward is formed at an upper end portion of the inner side wall 23. On the upper surface of the flange portion 24, a stepped cylinder body 26 having a lower portion having a larger diameter than the outer wall 22 of the fuel tank 21 and an upper portion having a smaller diameter than the outer wall 22 is coaxially fixed to the outer wall 22. The upper part of the stepped cylinder 26 and the inner wall 2
A core guide tube 2 that guides a core 34 described later with the upper part of
7 and 28 are configured. As shown in FIG. 3, at the upper end of the wick guide cylinder 27, the first upper end 29 is formed by horizontally extending the upper end at the same height as the height of the tray 25 and slightly outward.
And a second portion 30 in which the tip of the first portion 29 extends upward to a height to be described later, and a third portion in which the tip of the second portion 30 horizontally extends outward for a predetermined length. 31
And a fourth portion 32 in which the tip of the third portion 31 extends upward. And the part 31,
32 forms a fire tray 33 that supports an outer flame cylinder 52, which will be described later. In the annular space formed between the lead guide cylinders 27, 28, oil is sucked up by a capillary phenomenon, and a cylindrical core 34 made of, for example, glass fiber or the like is positioned at the lower end in the fuel tank 21. The core 34 is supported by a support cylinder 35. The support cylinder 35 is provided so as to be movable only in the vertical direction and non-rotatable. Pins 36 project from a plurality of outer surfaces of the support cylinder 35. The pins 36 are fitted into oblique holes 38 formed in a cylinder body 37 rotatably mounted on the collar portion 24. ing. As shown in FIG. 3, a rack 39 is fixed to the outer surface of the cylindrical body 37, and the rack 39 meshes with a pinion 40. The pinion 40 is a shaft 4 that penetrates the stepped tubular body 26 via a bearing.
1 and the shaft 41 is connected to the knob 6. The upper end of the second portion 30 formed at the upper end of the lead guide cylinder 27 is set at a position substantially equal to the height position of the upper end of the lead 34 when the lead 34 is set to the minimum combustion state. . A plurality of ventilation holes 42 are formed in the second portion 30.

Then, the combustion section 11 is configured as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the combustion section 11 is broadly divided into an inner flame cylinder 51 placed on a fire plate 25 formed at the upper end of the lead guide cylinder 28, and a portion 31 of the fire plate 33. The outer flame cylinder 52, which is placed on the inner flame cylinder 51 and forms a combustion chamber P between the inner flame cylinder 51 and the outer flame cylinder 52, is arranged outside the outer flame cylinder 52.

The inner flame cylinder 51 is arranged with its opening facing downward, and has a bottomed cylindrical body 55 having a plurality of ventilation holes 54 in its peripheral wall and upper wall.
And a trumpet-shaped air flow deflecting plate 5 which is provided on the so-called low wall upper surface of the bottomed tubular body 55 and deflects the airflow rising in the bottomed tubular body 55 so as to contribute to final combustion.
6 and a disk-shaped air flow restricting plate 58 fitted and fixed inside the bottomed tubular body 55 and having a large number of ventilation holes 57. The outer flame cylinder 52 has a cylindrical body 60 having upper and lower ends opened and a plurality of ventilation holes 59 in its peripheral wall, and a flange portion 61 integrally provided at the upper end of the cylindrical body 60 and protruding outward.
And a projecting peripheral wall 62 slightly projecting downward from the peripheral edge of the flange 61. The vent holes 54 and 59 provided in the inner flame cylinder 51 and the outer flame cylinder 52 are used for the respective flame cylinders 5.
The holes provided on the upper side of 1, 52 are formed to have a larger diameter than the holes provided on the lower side, whereby the amount of air flowing into the upper space in the combustion chamber P becomes lower. It is set to be larger than the amount of inflowing air. On the other hand, the outer cylinder 53 is a transparent glass cylinder 63.
And a tubular body 64 are vertically coaxially coupled to each other, and the upper end portion of the glass tube 63 is fixed to the protruding peripheral wall 62 of the outer flame tube 52. The inner flame cylinder 51 and the outer flame cylinder 52 are connected by a connecting rod (not shown).

On the other hand, the core temperature control device 12 is configured as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, it has good heat conductivity and is caulked tightly to the portion 32 so as to be partially wrapped by the outer surface of the upper end portion of the fire tray 33 formed at the upper end portion of the lead guide cylinder 27. It is composed of a pipe 71, a working liquid 72 sealed inside the pipe 71, and a radiator 73 interposed in a part of the pipe 71. Radiator 73
Is composed of a vertically long container 74 arranged with its lower end positioned at a level higher than the level of the pipe 71, and connecting portions 75 and 76 formed at the upper and lower ends of the container 74. The upper half of the outer surface of the container 74 is the good heat conductor 7.
It is fixed to the wall surface of the combustor housing 1 located on the back side of the heat reflection plate 3 via 7.

Next, the operation of the wick type oil combustor configured as described above will be described.

First, the knob 6 is operated to raise it to the position of the tip circular flame tray 25 of the wick 34. When the knob 6 is rotated, the pinion 40 rotates and the rack 39 moves in the circumferential direction. As a result, the cylindrical body 37 rotates. A support cylinder 35 connected to a slant hole 38 formed in the cylinder body 37 through a pin 36.
Is not rotatable and is movable only in the vertical direction. Therefore, when the cylindrical body 37 rotates, the pin 36
A force acting in the vertical direction acts on the support cylinder 35 via the.
Therefore, by rotating the knob 6, the core 34 is rotated.
It is possible to freely adjust the amount of exposure of the above into the combustion chamber P.

In this state, after the tip of the lead 34 is ignited by an ignition device (not shown), the knob 6 is operated to move the lead guide 2 of the lead 34.
When the evaporation amount of fuel is temporarily controlled by increasing / decreasing the exposure amount from 7, 28 and the temperature of the fire tray 33 is changed, the heat absorbing element composed of the pipe 71 and the hydraulic fluid 72 present in the pipe 71. And a radiator 73 cause a temperature difference, and the flow rate of the working fluid 72 flowing in the pipe 71 changes according to the temperature difference. That is, the hydraulic fluid 72
When passing through the position of the fire tray 33, heat is taken from the fire tray 33 to evaporate, and the speed increases to flow into the radiator 73. The steam that has flowed in is condensed into a liquid on the inner wall surface of the container 74 and at the portion that is thermally connected to the wall of the combustor housing 1. Then, this liquid flows into the pipe 71 again. In this case, the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid flowing in the pipe 71 increases as the temperature difference increases. As a result, the fire tray 33 is cooled in a direction approaching the wall surface temperature of the combustor housing 1. Fire tray 33
Surrounds the exposed portion of the core 34, and the fire tray 33 is thermally connected to the core 34 via the guide tube 27. Therefore, when the temperature of the fire tray 33 drops, the temperature of the tip of the wick 34 also drops, which suppresses excessive fuel evaporation from the tip of the wick 34. Therefore, after that, the amount of fuel evaporation corresponding to the exposed amount of the lead 34 is maintained. That is, when setting the strong combustion state, the fifth
The exposure amount of the lead 34 is increased as shown in FIG. With this setting, the wick 34 that occupies most of the fuel evaporation portion
Inevitably, the tip end portion of is moved away from the core guide cylinder 27. For this reason, the temperature of the tip of the wick 34 is hardly affected by the wick guide cylinder 27, but rather is determined by the amount of heat supplied from the flame and is maintained at a high temperature. Therefore, a sufficient amount of fuel is evaporated, and eventually a strong combustion state is formed. If the wick 34 is lowered to reduce the heat power and the exposed area of the wick 34 is reduced, the amount of fuel evaporation decreases, so that the combustion area is reduced to the wick 3.
4 to move to a portion close to 4 to increase the temperature around the wick 34. However, since the core guide cylinder 27 is cooled by the core temperature control device 12, the temperature of the core 34 does not rise. Therefore, continuous heat power adjustment can be performed. When the wick 34 is lowered and set to the minimum combustion state as shown in FIG. 5B, the tip of the wick 34 comes close enough to the second portion 30 formed at the upper end of the wick guide cylinder 27. Therefore, the tip portion of the core 34 is affected by the temperature of the second portion 30 and is kept at a low temperature. Therefore, the core 3
The amount of fuel evaporated from the tip of No. 4 is suppressed to a sufficiently small amount due to the small amount of exposure itself, and maintains a very weak combustion state. In this case, if it is assumed that the second portion 30 does not exist and the same amount of combustion is to be obtained, it is necessary to further lower the wick 34 from the fifth (b) position. However, if the pressure is lowered in this way, the supply of air becomes insufficient and the flame becomes unstable, making it difficult to maintain a stable continuous combustion state. However, when the second portion 30 is provided on the upper end portion of the lead guide cylinder 27 under the above conditions as in the present invention, the cooling effect of the second portion 30 effectively acts, so that the lead 34 is exposed to some extent. The combustion can be performed in a state, that is, a state in which the supply of air is sufficiently received and stable combustion can be maintained. As a result, the minimum combustion lower limit level can be lowered, and in the end, the effects described above can be exhibited. In addition, FIG. 5 (c) shows a state at the time of extinguishing the fire.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. That is, in the above-described embodiment, the upper part of the container forming the radiator is thermally connected to the wall of the combustor housing, but instead of connecting to the wall of the combustor housing, the container of the radiator is used. The fins may be provided on the upper wall surface, or the radiator may be formed integrally with the combustor housing.
Further, as the working fluid, water, alcohol, ammonia,
Freon or the like can be used. Further, the inner core guide cylinder 28 may be formed similarly to the outer core guide cylinder 27. Further, the pipe 71 may be provided in close contact with the so-called upper end portion of the core guide cylinder 27, as shown in FIG. In addition, various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a wick type petroleum combustor to which the present invention is applied, with a part cut away, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing only a fuel supply portion of the combustor body by taking out a part of the combustor body, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing only a burning part of the combustor body by taking out a part thereof. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the core position during combustion operation, and FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a modified example. 1 ... Combustor housing, 3 ... Heat reflection plate, 4 ... Storage tank, 5 ... Combustor body, 6 ... Knob, 10 ... Fuel supply section, 11 ... Combustion section, 12 ... Core temperature Control device, 21 ...
... Fuel tank, 27, 28 ... Wick guide tube, 25, 33
...... Tray, 29 ...... First part, 30 ...... Second part, 51
…… Inner flame cylinder, 52 …… Outer flame cylinder, 71 …… Pipe, 73…
… Radiator, 72 …… hydraulic fluid.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yasuhiro Arai 8 Shinsita-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture Home Appliances Research Laboratory, Toshiba Corporation (56) Reference JP-A-57-166417 (JP, A) Special Opening Sho 58-156106 (JP, A) Actual Opening Sho 58-181116 (JP, U)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A wick that sucks up liquid fuel by capillary action,
A core guide tube that supports this core and a heat pipe type core temperature that is provided in close contact with the endothermic portion on the upper end surface of the core guide cylinder and that controls the upper end temperature of the core through the core guide cylinder. And a control device, wherein the lead guide cylinder includes a guide cylinder body, a first portion extending in a direction away from the core from an upper end portion of the guide cylinder body, and an upward direction from a tip of the first portion. A wick type liquid fuel combustion apparatus comprising: a second portion extending to a height position substantially the same as the wick height position when the minimum combustion is set; and a fire plate portion extending from a tip of the second portion. . 2. The wick type liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the wick is formed in a tubular shape. 3. The core guide cylinder is composed of inner and outer guide cylinders arranged along an inner surface and an outer surface of the core formed in the cylindrical shape, and at least one of the guide cylinders has the first core.
The wick type liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a portion, a second portion, and a fire tray portion are provided. 4. The wick type liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a vent hole is provided in the second portion of the wick guide cylinder.