JPH06507784A - Carnitine for starter pigs - additional feed - Google Patents
Carnitine for starter pigs - additional feedInfo
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- JPH06507784A JPH06507784A JP4509924A JP50992492A JPH06507784A JP H06507784 A JPH06507784 A JP H06507784A JP 4509924 A JP4509924 A JP 4509924A JP 50992492 A JP50992492 A JP 50992492A JP H06507784 A JPH06507784 A JP H06507784A
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- 229960004203 carnitine Drugs 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-O (R)-carnitinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC(O)=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-O 0.000 title 1
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (R)-carnitine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC([O-])=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020989 red meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 15
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 13
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 102000004506 Blood Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021051 daily weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。 (57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 スタータービッグ用カルニチン−追加飼料発明の背景 豚の飼料効率、体重増加、そして赤身肉組織を増加させることか長い間望まれて きた。これらの結果のい（っかを達成するためにカルニチンを用いる努力が成さ れてきて、そしてそのいくつかは成功した。Ｇ、Ｌ、ニュートン（Ｎｅｗｔｏｎ ）とに、Ｄ、 ハイトン（Ｈａｙｄｏｎ）とは、１９８６ジヨージア大学スワイ ンレポ−１−（１９８６Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ｏｆＧｅｏｒｇｉａ ５ｗ１ｎ ｅ Ｒｅｐｏｒｔ）中て０゜９５．１．Ｉ、または１．２５％のリジンを含む飼 料を０２％のｄｌ−カルニチンＨＣＩと共に、または０゜２％のｄｌ−カルニチ ンレベル無して、生後２８日の養殖豚に給餌したところ、毎日の体重の増加と飼 料効率における効果があったことを報告している。この豚には、ビタミン、ミネ ラルそして抗生物質追加物を共に含む、７２４％のトウモロコシと２４．２％の 大豆の従来の粉餌飼料か給餌された。１．１％リジン飼料では、池の飼料よりも 高い毎日の体重増加と改善された飼料効率とを示した。毎日の増加の効果は研究 期間を通して優れていた。同時に、飼料効率における効果は最初の４日間優れて いた。４日後と２８日後の飼料効率におけるリジンレベルの優れた直線そして曲 線効果も見られた。カルニチンには用いたときの優れた効果かなく、従って、リ ジンの必要性を変えなかった。しかしながら、その結果は、養殖用飼料にカルニ チンも追加されたときには、追加リジンに対するより優れた応答の可能性を示し た。より軽い体重の豚では離乳させた後の遅滞か幾分減少し得るという指摘があ った。[Detailed description of the invention] Carnitine for Starter Big - Background of the invention of additional feed It has long been desired to increase feed efficiency, weight gain, and lean meat tissue in pigs. came. Efforts have been made to use carnitine to achieve these results. and some of them were successful. G. L. Newton ) and D. Haydon, 1986 University of Georgia SW NRepo-1-(1986University of Georgia 5w1n e Report) 0°95.1. I, or feed containing 1.25% lysine. with 0.02% dl-carnitine HCI or 0.2% dl-carnitine HCI. When 28-day-old farmed pigs were fed without the It has been reported that there was an effect on cost efficiency. This pig has vitamins and minerals. 724% corn and 24.2% corn, including both corn and antibiotic supplements. Soybean was fed a conventional powdered diet or feed. 1.1% lysine feed than pond feed. It showed high daily weight gain and improved feed efficiency. Research on the effect of daily increase Excellent throughout the period. At the same time, the effect on feed efficiency was excellent for the first 4 days. there was. Excellent line and curve of lysine levels in feed efficiency after 4 and 28 days A line effect was also observed. Carnitine does not have superior efficacy when used and therefore It didn't change the need for Jin. However, the results showed that carnivorous When lysine was also added, it showed the potential for a better response to added lysine. Ta. There are indications that in lighter weight pigs there may be a delay or some reduction after weaning. It was.
養殖飼料へのカルニチンの添加が離乳させた後の遅滞における効果を持つかどう かを決定する、二つの追加試験の結果がＧ、Ｌ、ニュートン（Ｎｅｗｔｏｎ）と Ｋ。Whether the addition of carnitine to aquaculture feed has an effect on post-weaning delay. The results of two additional tests to determine whether G, L, Newton K.
Ｄ、ハイトン（Ｈａｙｄｏｎ）による、１９８７ジヨージア大学スワインレポー ト（１９８７ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ｏｆ ＧｅｏｒｇｉａＳｗｉｎｅ Ｒｅｐｏｒｔ）中て 報告された。第１の試験では、１４４匹の豚に２つのレベルのリジンと４つのレ ベルのカルニチンを含む通常のトウモロコシ−大豆飼料を給餌した。もうひとつ の試験では、生後２８日の１８０匹の豚に乳製品と３つのレベルのリジンと３つ のレベルのカルニチンを含む複合飼料を給餌した。通常の飼料に加えたときには 、カルニチンははじめの４日間の飼料の摂取の増加を起こす傾向があり、それに よりその期間に体重の増加と飼料効率がわずかに良くなった。複合飼料に加えた ときには、カルニチンは２０日間の試験の間ずっと飼料の摂取の増加を起こす傾 向があった。カルニチンの添加により、１４日と２０日に体重の増加か起きた。D. Haydon, 1987 University of Georgia Swine Report (1987 University of Georgia Swine Report) Reported. In the first study, 144 pigs were treated with two levels of lysine and four levels of lysine. A normal corn-soybean diet containing Bell's carnitine was fed. Another In a study, 180 pigs, 28 days old, were treated with dairy products and three levels of lysine; were fed a compound diet containing carnitine at levels of . When added to regular feed , carnitine tends to cause an increase in feed intake during the first 4 days, and Weight gain and feed efficiency were slightly better during that period. added to compound feed In some cases, carnitine tends to cause increased feed intake throughout the 20-day study. There was a direction. Addition of carnitine resulted in weight gain on days 14 and 20.
離乳を終えた豚に関するＬ−カルニチンの研究も行わわている。１９８９年７月 ３１３に出願された米国特許明細書第３８７，８５６号に、体重増加、飼料効率 、そし、て背中の脂肪の減少の改善か記載されている。Studies of L-carnitine in weaned pigs are also underway. July 1989 U.S. Pat. , and has been described as an improvement in the reduction of back fat.
加えて、豚をかなり早く離乳させたときにかなりの問題となる、離乳させた後の 「遅滞Ｊを減少させる努力か成されてきた。早期に離乳させた豚（生後１４日か ら２１日に離乳させた）のための、高栄養密度飼料（、Ｊ、Ｌ。In addition, after weaning, which can be quite a problem when pigs are weaned fairly early, Efforts have been made to reduce retardation in pigs weaned early (around 14 days of age). A high nutrient density diet (J, L., weaned on day 21).
ネルセン（Ｎｅｌｓｓｅｎ、「離乳子豚のための高栄養密度飼料Ｊ （”Ｈｉｇ ｈ Ｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔ −Ｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ Ｄｉｅｔｓ ｆｏｒ Ｗｅａｎｌｉｎｇ Ｐｉｇｓ”）カンサス州立大学スワインリサーチレポート１ ９８６ （ＫａｎｓａｓＳｔａｔｅ Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｊｔｙ ５ｗ１ｎｅＲｅｓ ｅａｒｃｈ Ｒｅｐｏｒｔ ｔ９８６）３５〜５０頁）を含む種々の栄養計画に 関する研究が成されてきた。前述の研究の主な欠点は、記載された飼料の摂生が 赤身組織の生長を増しそうにないことであった。Nelssen, “High Nutrient Density Feed J for Weaned Piglets” h Nutrient-Density Diets for Weanling Pigs”) Kansas State University Swain Research Report 1 986 (KansasState Universjty 5w1neRes search Report t986) pages 35-50). Research has been conducted on this topic. The main drawback of the aforementioned studies is that the feed regimen described It was unlikely to increase red tissue growth.
異なる遺伝子源（遺伝子嬰）の豚には赤身組織生長のための異なる能力があり、 その素因はアミノ酸の可動性により影響されていることが報告されている。１９ ８９ケンタツキー大学リサーチレポート（１９８９Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ ｏｆ ＫｅｎｔｕｃｋｙＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈ Ｒｅｐｏｒｔ）中のＴ、Ｓ、スターリー （Ｓｔａｈｌｙ）らの記事［豚に必要なアミノ酸における、赤身組織の生長のた めの遺伝子学的能力の影響」（’Ｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅ ｏｆ ＧｅｎｅｔｉｃＣ ａｐａｃｉｔｙ ｆｏｒ Ｌｅａｎ ＴｉｓｓｕｅＧｒｏｗｔｈ ｏｎ ｔｈｅ Ａｍ１ｎｏ Ａｃｉ、ｄＮｅｅｄｓ ｏｆ Ｐｉｇｓ’）で、食餌のリジンレ ベルを４０から２４０ボンドの範囲の豚に従って上げたとき、死体の赤身肉の量 は改善され、そして飼料の栄養密度か増加したとき、高い赤身肉生長ポテンシャ ル（ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ）を持つ豚はより高い生長と赤身肉の増加を達成したこ とが記載されている。これらの結果は、食餌操作を通して、赤身の生長のいくら かの改善か全ての遺伝子型に対して可能であろうことを示している。Pigs of different genetic sources have different abilities for lean tissue growth; It has been reported that the predisposition is influenced by the mobility of amino acids. 19 89 University of Kentucky Research Report (1989 University of T, S, Starley in Kentucky Research Report) (Stahly) et al. [Amino acids necessary for pigs to support lean tissue growth] 'Influence of GeneticC' apacity for Lean Tissue Growth on the Am1no Aci, dNeeds of Pigs'), the dietary lysine resin The amount of red meat on the carcass when the bell is raised according to the pigs in the range of 40 to 240 bonds. high lean meat growth potential when the nutrient density of the feed is improved and the nutrient density of the feed is increased. Pigs with higher potential achieved higher growth and increased lean meat production. is stated. These results demonstrate that through dietary manipulation, the amount of lean growth This indicates that this improvement may be possible for all genotypes.
発明の要約 時宜を得た方法での、早期に離乳させた豚（しばしば「スタータービッグ」と呼 ばれる）へのし−カルニチンと高栄養密度飼料（ＨＮＤＤ）とを組み合わせた給 餌により、平均体重と飼料効率を増加しただけでなく、予想もしなかったことに 、そのような動物での赤身組織の生長を増加した。この結果は、スタータービッ グは、はとんど太るものがいない迅速に生長する過程にあるので、特に驚くべき ことである。（このことは離乳を終えた豚と対照的である。そこでは赤身肉に対 する脂肪の比はかなり高い値である。）最も著しいことに、赤身組織におけるこ の増加は豚の生長の後の段階を通して維持される。Summary of the invention pigs weaned early (often referred to as “starter big”) in a timely manner; - Feeding a combination of carnitine and high nutrient density feed (HNDD) to Not only did the feed increase average body weight and feed efficiency, it also unexpectedly , increased lean tissue growth in such animals. This result is based on the starter bit. This is especially surprising since the lichen is in the process of growing quickly and rarely gains weight. That's true. (This is in contrast to weaned pigs, where red meat is The ratio of fat to fat is quite high. ) Most strikingly, this effect in lean tissue This increase is maintained throughout later stages of pig growth.
動物の生長のこの段階において、ＨＮＤＤかあると、Ｌ−力ルニチンか実際に栄 養分を、既に動物の赤身肉状態になっていても赤身肉が増大するのを助けるよう に分配し、同時に通常の生長に必要な十分な脂肪を形成すると推測されている。At this stage of an animal's growth, if HNDD is present, L-lunithine actually grows. nutrients to help increase lean meat even if the animal is already in a lean state. It is speculated that the fat is distributed throughout the body and at the same time forms sufficient fat for normal growth.
効果的にするために、飼料摂生を内発的カルニチン合成が極めて低いとき、即ち 、好ましくは豚が生後約２４日以下で、そしてその豚がその真の遺伝ポテンシャ ルでまたはそれに近い状態で生長している期間に始めることが必要である。カル ニチン−追加ＨＮＤＤへの応答は、熱論、高い赤身肉生長能力を持つ遺伝子型に 対しより著しい。To be effective, the feed regimen should be adjusted when endogenous carnitine synthesis is very low, i.e. , preferably when the pig is less than about 24 days old and when the pig has reached its true genetic potential. It is necessary to start during the period of growth at or near normal conditions. Cal Nitin-response to supplemental HNDD is associated with heat theory, genotypes with high red meat growth ability On the other hand, it is more remarkable.
発明の詳細な説明 本発明の実施に当たって、３〜１６ボンドの始めの体重を持つ生後２４日までの スタータービッグに本発明の飼料を少なくとも２、好ましくは３段階で給餌する 。段階ｌの飼料は１〜３週間の間、好ましくは２週間または体重か約１５ボンド になるまでのもので、約５〜５０００ｐｐｍの、好ましくは約５００〜２０００ ｐＩ）ｍの、最適には約１１０００ｐｐのし一力ルニチンを含む。Detailed description of the invention In the practice of this invention, infants up to 24 days old with a starting weight of 3 to 16 Bonds Feeding Starter Big with the feed of the invention in at least two, preferably three stages. . Stage I feed is for a period of 1 to 3 weeks, preferably 2 weeks or about 15 pounds of body weight. about 5 to 5,000 ppm, preferably about 500 to 2,000 ppm. pI)m, optimally containing about 11,000 pp of lunitin.
段階２では、豚が生後約３５日で始め、飼料は段Ｉｖ１の後２〜４週間、好まし くは更に３週間飼料を投与する。In stage 2, starting when the pigs are approximately 35 days old, feed is preferably added for 2 to 4 weeks after stage Iv1. Or administer feed for an additional 3 weeks.
Ｌ−力ルニチンは最適には５００ｐｐｍまで減らされる。L-lunitine is optimally reduced to 500 ppm.
しかし、２５０〜ｌｏｏｏｐｐｍの量もまた効果がある。However, amounts of 250-looooppm are also effective.
段階２の後でさえ、飼料追加物としてのし一力ルニチンの添加は生長段階（即ち 、体重１６０ボンドまで：およそ生後１３０日）と終了する段階との両方におい て有利になろう。生長段階の間（５６から１６０ボンド）、カルニチンの量は５ ００から５ｐｐｍへ徐々に減らされていく。終了段階の間の最大値は５０ｐｐｍ 、望ましくは５〜ｓｏｐｐｍである。一般に、動物の体重が増加するにつれて、 カルニチンの最適な量は減少する。Even after stage 2, the addition of lunitin as a feed supplement is effective during the growth stage (i.e. , up to a weight of 160 Bonds: approximately 130 days after birth) and at the end stage. be advantageous. During the growth stage (56 to 160 bonds), the amount of carnitine is 5 It is gradually reduced from 00 to 5 ppm. Maximum value during termination phase is 50ppm , preferably 5 to soppm. Generally, as an animal gains weight, The optimal amount of carnitine is reduced.
前述したように、早期の離乳はしばしば生後３週間ま・ たはそれ以下の離乳の ことを言う。現代の養殖場では、豚はしばしば生後２１日で離乳させられ、豚か 離乳後の最初の週で体重を減らすような質の悪い飼料を与えられる。実際には、 商業的作業において生後３週間で離乳すると、通常生後１４〜２８日の範囲にい る養殖豚となる。As previously mentioned, early weaning often involves weaning at 3 weeks of age or younger. say something On modern farms, pigs are often weaned at 21 days of age and They are fed poor quality feed that causes them to lose weight in the first week after weaning. in fact, When weaned at 3 weeks in commercial operations, weaning usually ranges from 14 to 28 days after birth. It becomes a farmed pig.
明らかに、早期の離乳により、乾燥飼料での生長を維持するために栄養密度と飼 料嗜好性を増加する必要がある体重の軽い豚（＜１０ボンド）となる。早期離乳 豚に対する最適の栄養管理を提供するために、豚の生産の養殖段階の間の３段階 スタータープログラムがカンサス州立大学で開発された。このスタータープログ ラムを、各段階に対する推奨する給餌間隔と共に以下の表に記載する。Clearly, early weaning increases nutrient density and feeding to maintain growth on dry diets. This results in lighter weight pigs (<10 Bond) that require increased food palatability. early weaning Three stages during the farming stage of pig production to provide optimal nutritional management for pigs A starter program was developed at Kansas State University. This starter program The lambs are listed in the table below along with the recommended feeding intervals for each stage.
スタータープログ ふ ｌ貝 Ｕ！ 慣粟 股層工 高栄養密度飼料 少なくとも体重１５ポンＩｎでの厘に給餌量８２ １ ．２５％リジン、１５〜２５ポンＦまでの豚に紛餌乳着、トウモロコ シー大豆飼料 股１１３ １．１０％リジン、 体重約５０ボンＦ１Ｎでの厘に給餌Ｗｌｌ−大 豆飼料 生後１４〜２１日で離乳した肘用のスターター飼料は、結果に変化が起きるので 、かなり推測されている主題である。養豚業者は早期に離乳させた豚が離乳後の 「確認」（チェック）を経験しているとみなすことに慣れてしまい、そのために しばしば彼らの生産物を市場に出すまでにかかる日数か増える結果となる。実際 、多くの生産者は、ただ養殖中の始めの週の間の豚の逆行する挙動のためだけに 、２１日の離乳を２８日の離乳プログラムで置き換えてしまう。高栄養密度飼料 （ＨＮＤＤ）は、スタータービッグの始めの挙動を改善する傾向のある乳ベース の飼料の一種である。種々のＨＮＤＤの処方か豚の商業的生産に試みられ、様々 な成功をおさめている。Starter program l shellfish U! customary Matarako High Nutrient Density Feed Feeding amount 82 1 for a person weighing at least 15 lbs. ．． 25% lysine, powder feed for pigs up to 15-25 lb F, corn sea soybean feed Crotch 113 1.10% lysine, feeding to the weight of about 50 bon F1N Wll-large bean feed Starter feed for elbows weaned between 14 and 21 days after birth will result in changes. , is a subject of considerable speculation. Pig farmers believe that pigs weaned early will We have become accustomed to seeing ourselves as experiencing "confirmation" (checking), and therefore This often results in an increase in the number of days it takes to get their produce to market. actual , many producers simply because of the regressive behavior of the pigs during the first week of farming. , replacing 21-day weaning with a 28-day weaning program. High nutrient density feed (HNDD) is a milk-based product that tends to improve the initial behavior of Starter Big. It is a type of feed. Various HNDD formulations have been tried in commercial production of pigs, and It has been a great success.
実際には、早期離乳肘用に処方された２種類のＨＮＤＤがある。第１の取り組み はできるだけ雌豚の乳に似るように、飼料を、乾燥形態であるか、処方すること であった。ビタミンとミネラルを加えた全乳タンパクに基づく飼料は大きな成功 をおさめたが、極めて高価である。There are actually two types of HNDD prescribed for early weaning elbow. First initiative The feed should be in dry form or formulated to resemble sow's milk as much as possible. Met. Feeds based on whole milk protein with added vitamins and minerals are a huge success However, it is extremely expensive.
同様の範嗜で、ＨＮＤＤを若い豚の消化能力を考慮して処方したが、経済面の拘 束をいくぶん気にかける必要がある。本発明の実施に有用なこの様なＨＮＤＤ祠 料を以下の表に記載する。In a similar manner, HNDD was prescribed taking into account the digestive ability of young pigs, but due to economic constraints, You need to take some care of the bunch. Such HNDD shrines useful in the practice of the present invention The fees are listed in the table below.
： スタータープログ ムの ■ 段階１ 段階２ 段階３ タンパク質％％ ２０−２５ １８−２０ １８リジン、％ １．５−１．６ １．２５ １．１０追加脂肪、％ ８−１０ ３−５ −−乾燥食用裏壁、％ １５−２５ １５−２０ ０−５乾ｍａｎ粉乳、％ １０−２５ −− −−魚 粉、％ Ｏ−３３−５−− 鋼、Ｐｐｍ １９０−２６０ １９０−２６０ １９０−２６０ビタ！ンＥ、Ｉ Ｕ／トン ４０，０００ ４０，０００ ４０，０００セレニウム、ｐｐｆｆｌ Ｏ，３０，３０，３抗細菌または抗生物質 ＋ 十 ＋ 物質の形層 １／８’ベレｙ） Ｉ／８’ベレフト 粉餌一般の物質として、段 階１飼料（本発明の実施に従ってカルニチンを加えられている。）は少なくとも １５％、好ましくは１８〜３０％のタンパク質、３０〜４５％の消化の良い食用 乳漿、乾燥脱脂粉乳、そしてカゼインのような乾燥乳製品、及び５〜１５％の追 加脂肪を含む。: Starter program ■ Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Protein %% 20-25 18-20 18 Lysine, % 1.5-1.6 1.25 1.10 Added fat, % 8-10 3-5 -- Dry edible back wall, % 15-25 15-20 0-5 Dry man's milk powder, % 10-25 -- -- Fish Powder, % O-33-5-- Steel, Ppm 190-260 190-260 190-260 Vita! E, I U/ton 40,000 40,000 40,000 Selenium, ppffl O, 30, 30, 3 antibacterial or antibiotic + 10 + Form layer of substance 1/8' Bereft I/8' Bereft As a general material for powder bait, Level 1 feed (carnitine added in accordance with the practice of the present invention) contains at least 15%, preferably 18-30% protein, 30-45% easily digestible edible Dry milk products such as whey, dry skimmed milk powder, and casein, and 5-15% supplements. Contains added fat.
段階２では、タンパク質は２５％以下まで、好ましくは１５〜２５％まで、乾燥 乳製品は２５％以下まで、好ましくは１０〜２５％まで、追加の脂肪は約１〜５ ％まで減らされている。In step 2, the protein is dried to below 25%, preferably 15-25%. Dairy products up to 25%, preferably 10-25%, added fat around 1-5% It has been reduced to %.
段階３では、飼料は段階２とほぼ同じタンパク質の割合を維持し、乾燥乳製品は １０％以下まで減らされ、そして追加の脂肪は実質的に除去される。In stage 3, the feed maintains approximately the same percentage of protein as in stage 2, and the dry dairy product remains It is reduced to less than 10% and the additional fat is virtually eliminated.
「乳製品」という語が上記の記載で用いられているか、この語は他の源から誘導 され、乳から誘導されたものに実質的に似ている組成物を持つ栄養製品を含有す ることを意図すると理解されるへきである。これらには、大豆の粉末をエタノー ルで抽出し、炭水化物成分を減じて製造した大豆タンパク質濃縮物、大豆の粉末 を酸て抽出することによりさらにタンパク質を濃縮する大豆単離物、そしてブタ またはウシの血漿を噴霧乾燥して得られる血漿タンパク質がある。必要な要因は 、母乳中のものに似た固体成分を持つ、即ち消化性の高いタンパク質で、はとん ど抗原性を持たず炭水化物の極めて低い、タンパク源を得ることである。Is the word "dairy product" used in the description above or is the word derived from another source? Any nutritional product that is derived from milk and has a composition substantially similar to that derived from milk. It is understood that the intention is to These include soybean powder and ethanol. Soybean protein concentrate, soybean powder extracted with soybean isolate, which further concentrates protein by acid extraction, and pig Alternatively, there are plasma proteins obtained by spray-drying bovine plasma. The necessary factors are , a highly digestible protein with solid components similar to those in breast milk, The goal is to obtain a protein source that is non-antigenic and extremely low in carbohydrates.
上記の表に示すように、他の成分か慣習として飼料に加えられることが理解され るであろう。リジンの割合は慎重に制御されなくてはならなく、使用される量は 上記の表に示されたものに近づいている。魚粉、銅とセレニウムとを含む痕跡量 のミネラル、ビタミン類、抗細菌および抗生物質のような追加成分も、当業者に とって周知のように、加えられる。It is understood that other ingredients or customarily added to the feed are as shown in the table above. There will be. The proportion of lysine must be carefully controlled and the amount used must be It is close to what is shown in the table above. Fishmeal, containing trace amounts of copper and selenium Additional ingredients such as minerals, vitamins, antibacterial and antibiotics will also be available to those skilled in the art. As is well known, it is added.
習慣として、飼料は任意に、ペレットまたは粉餌を形成する粉末の形態で豚の齢 によって給餌される。飼料の適した形態は、給餌の摂生、即ち、動物に給餌する 飼料の回数と量と同じように当業者には周知である。当業者はたやすく豚の発育 の種々の段階における全飼料の量を決定するであろう。Customarily, feed is optionally given in the form of pellets or powder to form powdered feed depending on the pig's age. fed by. A suitable form of feed is a feeding regimen, i.e. feeding the animal. The frequency and amount of feeding are well known to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art can easily develop pigs. will determine the amount of total feed at various stages.
以下の表は種々の段階に応用できる一般的な範囲を提供する。The table below provides general ranges applicable to the various stages.
表 一般量 １５０〜７００ ４００〜９００ ６００−１５００好ましい量 ３０ ０〜５００ ５００〜ｓｏｏ ｓｏｏ〜１２００最も有利には、本発明の飼料の 摂取は、最初の２週間は１日当たり平均３４５グラム以上、その後３週間は１日 当たり平均７２５グラム以上にすべきである。５週間以上１臼当たり平均６００ グラム以上もまた効果的である。table General amount 150-700 400-900 600-1500 Preferred amount 30 0-500 500-soo soo-1200 Most advantageously, the feed of the invention The intake should be an average of 345 grams or more per day for the first two weeks, then once a day for the next three weeks. The average weight should be at least 725 grams per serving. Average of 600 per mortar for 5 weeks or more Grams or more are also effective.
本発明の効果を明らかにするために以下の例が研究さ１８０匹の離乳したての豚 （生後２２±２日、始めの体重６ｋｇ）が豚の挙動と死体組成物に基づく養殖豚 へのＬ−カルニチンの給餌効果を示すために使用された。実験計画は、段階１（ ０〜２週）のＯまたは１１０００ｐｐのし一力ルニチンの給餌と段階２（３〜５ 週）における０、２５０またはｓｏｏｐｐｍのし一力ルニチンとを組み合わせた ２Ｘ３の要因配置から成っていた。段階ｌ飼料は２０％乾燥脱脂粉乳、２０％乾 燥乳漿、５％大豆油を含有し、１．４５％のリジンを含むように処方されていた 。段階２飼料は１０％乾燥乳漿、５％大豆油を含有し、ｌ、２５％のリジンを含 むように処方されていた。The following example was studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the invention: 180 newly weaned pigs. (22±2 days old, initial weight 6 kg) is a farmed pig based on pig behavior and carcass composition. was used to demonstrate the effect of feeding L-carnitine on The experimental design consisted of Stage 1 ( 0 to 2 weeks) or 11,000 pp of lunitin and phase 2 (3 to 5 weeks). 0, 250 or sooppm in combination with lunitin It consisted of a 2x3 factor arrangement. Stage I feed is 20% dry skimmed milk powder, 20% dry Contains dried whey, 5% soybean oil, and was formulated to contain 1.45% lysine. . Stage 2 diet contained 10% dry whey, 5% soybean oil, and 25% lysine. It was prescribed to
１４日目の０およびｘｏｏｏｐｐｍのカルニチンレベルの６匹の豚と、３５日目 のＯおよびｓｏｏｐｐｍのカルニチンレベルの６匹の豚（計２４匹）を犠牲にし 、死体の組成を決定するために粉末化した。段階ｌでは、Ｌ−カルニチンは餌の 摂取（Ｆ Ｉ）を増加しくＰ＜０．０２）、毎日の平均増加（ＡＤＧ）を改善し た（Ｐ＜０゜０８）か、飼料／生長（Ｆ／Ｇ）には全く影響がなかった。段階２ では、５週間の試験の累積で、飼料り一カルニチンの増加によりＦ／Ｇが改善さ れ（−次、ｐ＜ｏ。Six pigs with carnitine levels of 0 and xoooppm on day 14 and on day 35. Six pigs (24 in total) were sacrificed with carnitine levels of O and sooppm. , powdered to determine the composition of the carcass. In stage I, L-carnitine is added to the feed. Increased intake (FI) (P<0.02) and improved average daily gain (ADG) (P<0°08), and there was no effect on feed/growth (F/G). Stage 2 Therefore, in the cumulative 5-week test, F/G was improved by increasing feed carnitine. (−th, p<o.
０６）、ＦＴか減少した（−次、Ｐｒｏ、０５）。しかしながら、ＡＤＧには影 響かなかった。死体乾燥物質（ＤＭ）と粗タンパク質（ＣＰ）とは、１４日また は２５日において、飼料り一力ルニチンにより影響を受けなかった（ｐ＞０．１ ５）。死体の膠質の割合は１４日の飼料処理により影響を受けないが、しかしな がら、段階ｌでｔｏｏｏｐｐｍのＬ−カルニチンを給餌された豚は、カルニチン を段階２で給餌されてもされなくても、３５日において毎日の脂肪の増加（ＤＦ Ａ）かあまり見られなかった（Ｐ＜０．０５）。この実験結果に基づくと、Ｌ− カルニチンの添加により、段階１で給餌すると死体の脂肪が減少し、段Ｆｉ２で 給餌するとＦ／Ｇを改善することがわかる。06), FT decreased (-next, Pro, 05). However, it has a negative impact on ADG. It didn't resonate. Corpse dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) was not affected by dietary lunitin on day 25 (p>0.1 5). The proportion of colloid in carcasses was not affected by the 14-day feed treatment, but However, pigs fed too ppm L-carnitine at stage I Daily fat gain (DF A) was rarely seen (P<0.05). Based on this experimental result, L- Addition of carnitine reduces carcass fat when fed in stage 1 and in stage Fi2. It can be seen that feeding improves F/G.
補正書の写しく翻訳文）提出書く特許法第１８４条の８）Article 184-8 of the Patent Law to be submitted (copy and translation of amendment)
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| US67398691A | 1991-03-22 | 1991-03-22 | |
| US673,986 | 1991-03-22 | ||
| PCT/US1992/000772 WO1992016218A1 (en) | 1991-03-22 | 1992-01-29 | Carnitine-supplemented diet for starter pigs |
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| JP2022523413A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2022-04-22 | 險峰 彭 | Application of γ-quaternary ammonium butyrate compound to the preparation of animal feed additives |
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| US6630159B2 (en) | 1999-02-23 | 2003-10-07 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Limiting weight gain of cats by feeding carbohydrate source that excludes rice |
| US7001618B1 (en) | 1999-07-09 | 2006-02-21 | The Iams Company | Nutritional composition for weight management |
| CN107494969A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州省原态上品农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of weanling pig special feed and preparation method thereof |
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-
1992
- 1992-01-29 CA CA002106274A patent/CA2106274C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-01-29 AU AU18882/92A patent/AU1888292A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-01-29 WO PCT/US1992/000772 patent/WO1992016218A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-01-29 JP JP4509924A patent/JP2667055B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-01-29 EP EP92909864A patent/EP0576596A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019106991A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-07-04 | 日本ニュートリション株式会社 | Pig feed additive and method of improving growth of baby pig |
| JP2022523413A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2022-04-22 | 險峰 彭 | Application of γ-quaternary ammonium butyrate compound to the preparation of animal feed additives |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2106274A1 (en) | 1992-09-23 |
| EP0576596A1 (en) | 1994-01-05 |
| AU1888292A (en) | 1992-10-21 |
| WO1992016218A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 |
| EP0576596A4 (en) | 1994-02-23 |
| JP2667055B2 (en) | 1997-10-22 |
| CA2106274C (en) | 1998-08-04 |
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