JPH0653644B2 - Plant male sterility agent - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention has the general formula [I] [In the formula, R ¹ is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxymethyl group or a formula Or expression Represents a group represented by. (Wherein R ³ is an alkyl group or a formula And R ⁴ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxyl group. R ⁵ and R ⁶ are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group, or R ⁵ and R ⁶ are represented by the formula Represents a group represented by and m represents 5. ) R ² is a hydrogen atom or a formula And R ⁵ and R ⁶ have the same meanings as described above. However, R ¹ is the formula In when representing a group represented, R ² also formula Represents a group represented by. ] The azauracil derivative shown by these or its salt (however,
In the case of a salt, R ¹ and R ² are both of the formula And R ⁵ and R ⁶ have the same meanings as described above. ) Is an active ingredient for male sterility of plants.

As the salt of the azauracil derivative represented by the general formula [I], for example, alkali metal salts such as sodium, potassium and lithium, calcium, barium, alkaline earth metal salts such as strontium, ammonium salts, ethanolamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, Pyridine,
Examples thereof include organic amine salts such as piperidine.

In recent years, the food crisis has come to the fore, and increasing its production has become a major issue. In such circumstances, the production of hybrid first-generation plants has been drawing attention.

It is known that the first-generation hybrid plants have many excellent traits such as a higher yield than the parents' varieties due to their vigorous growth. In order to obtain the first seeds of the hybrid, it is necessary to prevent the self-pollination of the female parent, and for that purpose the stamens of the female parent must be removed.

Conventionally, this emasculation work has required a great deal of labor, and in grains with high self-pollination, such as rice and wheat, there are stamens and pistils in small stalks, so this is done manually and the first generation of hybrids is performed. It was almost impossible to produce seeds. There are other methods, such as the use of cytoplasmic male sterility, but this also has the problem that it takes a great deal of time to grow it, and thus causes male sterility without losing the pollination ability of females. The reality is that a simple and reliable method is desired.

As a result of intensive studies over the years, the present inventors surprisingly surprisingly treated a plant with an azauracil derivative represented by the general formula [I] or a salt thereof (hereinafter, simply referred to as the present azauracil derivative). The inventors have found that male sterility can be induced very easily and efficiently, and have completed the present invention.

This azauracil derivative is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-55-143904.
Nos. 56-63969, 56-65879 and 56-83480 are known compounds.

The target plant to which the male sterility agent of the present invention can be applied,
For example, various cultivated plants such as cereals such as rice, wheat, barley, oats, rye, and corn, legumes such as soybean, rapeseeds such as eggplant, tomato, and cabbage, petunia, and flowers such as zinnia. be able to.

Specific examples of the present azauracil derivative are shown below, but of course the present invention is not limited thereto.

When the present azauracil derivative is used as an active ingredient of the present male sterility agent, it is usually mixed with a solid carrier, a liquid carrier, a surfactant, or other formulation auxiliary agent, and then an emulsion, a wettable powder,
Formulated in suspension, granule, aqueous solution, etc.

These formulations contain the compound of the present invention as an active ingredient in a weight ratio of 0.1 to 90%, preferably 1 to 70%.

Examples of the solid carrier include kaolin clay, attapulgite clay, bentonite, acid clay, pyrophyllite, talc, diatomaceous earth, calcite, walnut powder, urea, ammonium sulfate, fine powder or particles of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, and the like. As the liquid carrier, xylene, aromatic hydrocarbons such as methylnaphthalene, alcohols such as isopropanol, ethylene glycol, cellosolve, acetone, cyclohexanone, ketones such as isophorone, soybean oil, vegetable oil such as cottonseed oil, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetonitrile. , Water, etc.

Surfactants used for emulsification, dispersion, moistening, etc. include anionic surface active agents such as alkyl sulfate ester salts, alkyl aryl sulfonates, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, and polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether phosphate ester salts. Agent, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether,
Examples thereof include nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymer, sorbitan fatty acid ester, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester. As a formulation auxiliary agent, lignin sulfonate, alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, gum arabic, CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose), PA
P (acidic isopropyl phosphate) and the like can be mentioned.

Formulation examples are shown below. The compounds are shown by the compound numbers in Table 1. Parts indicate parts by weight.

Formulation Example 1 50 parts of compound (1), calcium lignin sulfonate 8
Parts, 2 parts of sodium lauryl sulfate and 45 parts of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide are well pulverized and mixed to obtain a wettable powder.

Formulation Example 2 10 parts of each of the compounds (2) to (8), 14 parts of polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether, 6 parts of calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and 70 parts of cyclohexanone are mixed well to obtain each emulsion.

Formulation Example 3 2 parts of compound (9), 1 part of synthetic hydrous silicon oxide, 2 parts of calcium lignin sulfonate, 80 parts of bentonite and 65 parts of kaolin clay are well pulverized and mixed, and water is added and kneaded well, and then granulated. Dry to obtain granules.

Formulation Example 4 25 parts of compound (10), 3 parts of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, 3 parts of CMC and 69 parts of water are mixed,
The suspension is obtained by wet grinding until the particle size is below 5 microns.

Formulation Example 5 Compounds (2), (4), (5) 1 part each and 99 parts water are mixed,
Dissolve to obtain each aqueous solution.

As a treatment method when the present male sterility agent is actually used, there are foliar treatment, soil treatment and the like, and the treatment amount varies depending on the target crop, treatment method, treatment time, environmental condition, formulation form, etc. , Usually 0.005 to 10 Kg / ha, preferably 0.02 to 8 Kg / ha. The treatment time also varies depending on the target crop, treatment method, environmental conditions, treatment amount, formulation form, etc., but treatment is preferably performed before the start of reproductive growth and immediately before flowering.

Emulsions, wettable powders, suspensions, aqueous solutions, etc. are usually diluted with a predetermined amount of 0.5 to 20 liters of water per 1 are (adding auxiliary agents such as spreading agents if necessary). The granules and the like are usually treated as they are without any dilution.

As the spreading agent, in addition to the above-mentioned surfactant, polyoxyethylene resin acid (ester), lignin sulfonate,
Examples thereof include abietic acid salt, dinaphthylmethane disulfonic acid salt, and paraffin.

Other plant growth regulators, herbicides, insecticides, acaricides,
It can also be used as a mixture with nematicides, fungicides, fertilizers, soil conditioners and the like.

Furthermore, the following method is generally suitable for obtaining a large amount of hybrid seeds. That is, two parents who are going to cross are planted alternately. At this time, the number and width of each parent is
It depends on the species, variety and environmental conditions of the crop. Then, the female parent is treated with the azauracil derivative, and the female parent that has become male-sterile pollinates the pollen of the other male-fertile male parent, and hybrid seeds are obtained. In order to obtain pure hybrid first-generation seeds, a method in which this azauracil derivative is treated, and male pollen pollinated with male fertility is directly artificially bred to a female parent who has become male sterile. preferable.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to test examples. The compounds are shown by the compound numbers shown in Table 1.

Test Example 1 Expression of sterility in wheat A wheat pot (cultivar: Norin 61) was sown in a plastic pot with a capacity of 200 ml filled with artificial soil, and the lunch temperature was 27.
C.-Night temperature 20.degree. C. (15-hour photoperiod, supplemented with light.) Then, the test compound was formulated into an emulsion or an aqueous solution in the same pot three times from 0 to 3, 8 to 10 and 14 to 17 days before the start of heading, and a predetermined amount thereof was diluted with water containing a spreading agent. Was treated with foliage at a volume of 10 liters per are using a small sprayer from above the plant.

After heading and before flowering, 4 bags per pot are sacked to prevent cross-pollination, and after ripening, the number of spikelets and the number of seeds are investigated for the spiked ears, and the number of seeds per spikelet is not treated. The sterility of each compound was shown as a percentage (Table 2).

Test Example 2 Confirmation of Female Fertility in Wheat In the same manner as in Test Example 1, Wheat Norin 61 was grown. Then, 5 or 11 days before the start of heading, the test compound was prepared twice in an emulsion or an aqueous solution, and a predetermined amount thereof was diluted with water containing a spreading agent at a volume of 10 liters per ares. The foliage was treated from above the plant using a small sprayer. After heading, 4 ears per bag were sacked. Also, for the ears that have not been sacked after flowering,
Mating was carried out with anthers obtained from the untreated area. After ripening, the number of spikelets and the number of seeds of the spiked ears and crossed ears were examined, and the percentage of the number of seeds per spikelet to the untreated plot was shown (Table 3). If the value of the ears that have been crossed is higher than that of the ears that have been sacked, it indicates that the ears have male sterility but also female fertility.

Test Example 3 Expression of sterility in rice Rice (variety: Koshihikari) was sown in an artificial soil, and 20 days after sowing, seedlings were planted in a pot of 1 / 10,000 are to put them in a flooded state. After that, 3 days of 20th, 13th or 6th before heading
Once, the test compound was formulated into an aqueous solution, and a predetermined amount thereof was diluted with water containing a spreading agent, and the foliage was treated from above the plant body using a small sprayer at a liquid volume of 10 liters per are. . After heading, a bag was put on 5 ears per pot to prevent cross-pollination. After ripening, the number of glumes,
The number of seeds was examined, and the sterility was shown by the percentage of the number of seeds per number of glumes to the untreated plot (Table 4). The test is outdoors
This was done in duplicate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A general formula [In the formula, R ¹ is a hydrogen atom, a hydroxymethyl group or a formula Or expression Represents a group represented by. (Wherein R ³ is an alkyl group or a formula And R ⁴ represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkoxyl group. R ⁵ and R ⁶ are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a phenyl group, or R ⁵ and R ⁶ are represented by the formula Represents a group represented by and m represents 5 . ) R ² is a hydrogen atom or a formula And R ⁵ and R ⁶ have the same meanings as described above. However, R ¹ is the formula In when representing a group represented, R ² also formula Represents a group represented by. ] The azauracil derivative shown by these or its salt (however,
In the case of a salt, R ¹ and R ² are both of the formula And R ⁵ and R ⁶ have the same meanings as described above. ) Is contained as an active ingredient, a male sterility agent for plants.