JPH0654037B2 - Building block, block wall and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

The present invention relates to a building block, a block wall body, and a construction method thereof.

[Prior art]

The block walls are built by interposing mortar joints between the blocks.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Although masonry work for block walls has been performed by professional craftsmen, the shortage of manpower has recently become more and more serious, and the block walls have a substantially flat outer surface and mortar joints. It was finished to one and was rather monotonous. The object of the present invention is to provide a high-quality block wall body in which even an amateur can easily construct a stronger block wall body than the conventional one, and by making the outer joint of each block an empty joint, a three-dimensional effect is exhibited there. To get.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The configuration of the present invention adopted to achieve the above object will be described below with reference to Examples. The building block of the present invention comprises face shells 1, 1 on both sides.
Is composed of an inner bearing portion 3 and an outer decorative portion 4. Its inner strength portion 3, an upper end surface 3 ₁ and a uniform horizontal plane is formed a rectangular notch 5 the inner edge and the lower end surface 3 ₂ stepwise, and left and right end faces 3 _3, 3 ₄ inner rim Square notch 6 ₁ ,
To form a 6 _2. Outer decorative portion 4, protruding with is positioned lower than the top end surface 3 ₁ of the inner strength portion 3 a top end face 4 ₁ as a downward inclined surface, a bottom surface 4 ₂ from below the lower end surface 3 ₂ of the inner strength portion 3 I am letting you. Left and right end faces 3 ₃ of the inner strength portion _3, 3 ₄ and looking at the correlation position between the outer decorative portion 4 of the right and left end faces 4 _3, 4 _4, left left end surface 4 ₃ of the outer decorative portion 4 of the inner strength portion 3 surface 3 ₃ protrude outwardly also the right end surface 3 ₄ outer decorative portion 4 of the inner strength portion 3,
Projects outwardly from the right end surface 4 _4. In the above, the height between the upper end surface 4 ₁ of the upper end surface 3 ₁ and the outer decorative portion 4 of the inner strength portion 3, from the lower end surface 3 ₂ of the lower end surface 4 ₂ of the inner strength portion 3 of the outer decorative portion 4 Of the protruding length of 2
A fold, the right end surface 4 ₄ of the outer decorative portion 4 of the left end surface 4 ₃ of the right end surface of the inner strength portion 3 with respect to the projecting length from the left end surface 3 ₃ of the inner strength portion 3 3 ₄ of the outer decorative portion 4 The protruding length of is about 3
It is desirable to be doubled. Further, it is also preferable to provide lateral bar stoppers 9 on the upper surfaces of the connecting portions 2 and 2 for connecting the face shells 1 and 1 on both sides so that the lateral bar does not displace. According to the method for constructing a block wall body of the present invention, the building blocks a and a ′ having the above-mentioned construction are passed through the required vertical reinforcing bars c and horizontal reinforcing bars d on the required foundation, and the lower blocks a and a ′ are provided.
Of only an inorganic adhesive 10 is applied in the upper therewith blocks a, align your lower end surface 3 ₂ of the inner strength portion 3 of a 'outside half portion of the upper end surface 3 ₁ of the inner strength portion 3, breach land or The contents are to be assembled by a desired stacking method such as potato joints, and to pour and fill mortar or concrete e between the face shells 1 and 1 of the blocks a and a '. The block wall of the present invention has the upper end surface 3 of the inner proof portion 3 of the blocks a and a'where the adhesive joint with the inorganic adhesive 10 is in the lower stage.
In only the outer half of the ₁ subjected, upper block a, a 'block a lower end face 3 ₂ of the square cutouts 5 of the inner strength portion 3 of the lower, a' upper end surface 3 ₁ of the inner half portion of the Mortar or concrete is filled in the inward lateral recess f formed between the upper and lower blocks a and a ', and the lower end of the outer decorative portion 4 is the upper end of the inner bearing portion 3 of the lower blocks a and a'. The upper blocks a, a'being hung outside the part
Of the lower end surface 4 ₂ and the lower block a, 'holds the required lateral clearance h between the upper end surface 4 _1, block a adjacent to right and left, a or a' a, the outer decorative part of a ' A required vertical gap i between the left and right end faces 4 ₃ and 4 ₄
Hold.

[Action]

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is a strong masonry structure in which a load can be firmly supported by an inner side load-bearing part, and it is empty around each block by the horizontal gap between upper and lower blocks and the vertical gap between left and right blocks. By using joints, it is possible to obtain a block wall body that is rich in three-dimensionality and solidity.

【Example】

First, the building block a of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The building block a is made of ceramic porcelain, and the face shells 1, 1 are connected to each other by connecting portions 2, 2, and a vertical cavity b is formed between these connecting portions 2, 2 and each connecting portion 2, 2 is connected. A vertical cavity b'is formed on the outer side of the. The face shells 1, 1 are composed of an inner bearing portion 3 and an outer decorative portion 4. Then, the inner strength portion 3, although the upper surface 3 ₁ a uniform horizontal, the lower end surface 3 ₂ A prismatic notches 5 formed in the inner edge in the stepped a and left and right end faces 3 _3, 3 ₄ Square notches 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ are formed on the inner edge of the. The outer decorative portion 4 is positioned below the upper end surface 3 ₁ of the inner load bearing portion 3 with the upper end surface 4 ₁ thereof being a downwardly inclined surface, and the lower end surface 4 ₂ thereof is lower than the lower end surface 3 ₂ of the inner load bearing portion 3. and it is projected, but are as height between the upper surface 3 ₁ and 4 ₁ is substantially twice the length of projection from 3 ₂ of the lower end surface 4 _2. Further, the inner right and left end surfaces 3 ₃ Strength _3, 3 ₄ and the outer decorative portion 4 when viewed interrelated positions of the left and right end face 4 _3, 4 _4, the latter left end surface 4 ₃ of the former left end face 3 ₃ protrudes outward, also those former right end surface 3 ₄ protrudes outward from the latter right end surface 4 _4, with respect to the projecting length from the left end surface 3 ₃ of the left end surface 4 ₃ of the right end surface 3 ₄ approximately 3 protruding length from the right end surface 4 ₄
It is designed to be doubled. Reference numeral 7 indicates a through hole provided in the connecting portions 2 and 2, and 8 indicates a through hole provided in the outer decorative portions 4 and 4. The building block a'in FIGS. 4 and 5 shows a modified example of the building block a.
The horizontal line stoppers 9 and 9 are provided on the upper surfaces of the connecting portions 2 and 2 that connect the 1
Is different from the building block a. Since other configurations are the same as the building block a,
The same parts are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In order to construct the block wall body A by these building blocks a and a ′, the building blocks a and a ′ are formed on a required foundation.
Is carried out by using a desired stacking method such as a tear joint or a potato joint shown in FIG. 6 while passing the vertical reinforcing bar c through the required vertical cavities b and b '. In that case, the lower block a is used. , a 'of the inorganic adhesive 10 is applied only to the outer half of the upper surface 3 ₁ of the inner strength portion 3, it upper block a, a' made to match the lower end surface 3 ₂ of the inner strength portion 3 of the The upper blocks a and a'are stacked. In the above, the block a and the block a'are alternately stacked vertically, and the horizontal reinforcing bars d, d are mounted and laterally mounted on the outside of the horizontal reinforcing stoppers 9, 9 on the connecting portions 2, 2 of the block a '. After that, mortar or concrete e is placed between the face shells 1 and 1 of the blocks a and a ', and not only the vertical cavities b and b', but also the lower end surfaces of the inner bearing portions 3 of the upper blocks a and a '. 3 ₂ of the square cutouts 5 of the respective lower block a, inward lateral rest recess f to be formed between the inner strength portion 3 of the upper surface 3 ₁ of the inner half part of a ', and, each horizontally adjacent to each Left and right end faces 3 ₃ , 3 _{4 of the} blocks a, a or a ', a'
The mortar or concrete is also filled in the inward vertical recesses g formed by the square notches 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ of each other. By this, the desired block wall body A can be constructed. This block wall body A is composed of the upper and lower blocks a,
Since the adhesive joint for applying the inorganic adhesive 10 is provided between a ', workability is better than that of the conventional mortar joint, and
The relevant part of the blocks a and a ', that is, the inorganic adhesive 10
By even lower end surface 3 ₂ dimensional accuracy of the inner strength portion 3 to ensure that applying, although the area of the coated surface can be minimized, it is blocking a of the coated surface can be reduced,
This contributes to improving the finishing accuracy of the coated surface of a '. The adhesive joint is the inner bearing portion 3 of the lower blocks a and a '.
Of albeit those applied to the outer half of the upper surface 3 _1, the upper block a, 'blocks a lower end face 3 ₂ of the square cutouts 5 of the inner strength portion 3 of the lower, a' a of the inward lateral rest recess f is formed between the inner half portion of the upper surface 3 _1, also filled with mortar or concrete here as described above. Therefore, the structural calculation of the joint can be performed assuming that the load acts on the entire width of the lower end surface of the inner bearing portion 3. Further, the upper end surface _{3 1} of the inner strength portion 3 of the block a, a '
Outer decorative part height between the upper end surface 4 ₁ 4 has the lower end surface 4 ₂ of the outer decorative portion 3 becomes approximately twice the length of projection from the lower end surface 3 ₂ of the inner strength portion 3 and Therefore, the upper block a,
The lower end portion of the outer decorative portion 4 of a'is the lower block a, a '.
Note that when a hanging state to the outside of the upper end portion of the inner strength portion 3, the lower end surface of the upper block a, a '4 ₂
And lower blocks a, holds the h (10 mm) required lateral clearance between the upper end face 4 ₁ a '. Further, the left end surface 4 ₃ of the outer decorative portion 4 of the blocks a, a 'Whereas length protruding from the left end surface 3 ₃ of the inner strength portion 3, the right end surface 3 ₄ of the inner strength portion 3 of the outer decorative portion 4 because are substantially three times the length protruding from the right end surface 4 _4, blocks a adjacent to right and left, a or a ', a' right and left end faces 4 _3, 4 ₄ outer decorative portion 4 between the A required vertical gap i (10 mm) is held between the two.

【The invention's effect】

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a strong masonry structure capable of firmly supporting a load by the inner load bearing portion, and a lateral gap between the upper and lower blocks and a space between the left and right blocks are provided. By forming an open joint around each block by the vertical gap, it is possible to obtain a block wall body rich in stereoscopic effect and solid feeling.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the building block of the present invention,
2 is a plan view of the same as above, FIG. 3 is a side view of the same as above, FIG. 4 is a plan view of a modification of the above embodiment, FIG. 5 is a side view of the same as above, and FIG. 6 is a block wall of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the construction state of FIG. 7, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line I-I of the above. a, a '... Building block, 1 ... Face shell,
2 ... Connection part, 3 ... Inner bearing part, 3 ₁ ... Upper end face, 3
₂ ...... lower end _surface, 3 3, _{3 4} ...... left and right end faces, 4 ...... outer decorative part, _{4 1} ...... upper surface, _{4 2} ...... bottom _surface, 4 3, _{4 4} ...
... Left and right end faces, 5 ... Square notch, 6 ₁ , 6 ₂ ... Square notch, 9 ... Horizontal line stopper, 10 ... Inorganic adhesive, e ...
… Mortar or concrete, h… Lateral gap,
i: Vertical gap.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. Each of the face shells on both sides is composed of an inner bearing portion and an outer decorative portion, and the inner bearing portion has an upper end surface which is a uniform horizontal surface, and a lower end surface which is stepwise and has a square inner edge. Notches are formed and square notches are formed on the inner edges of the left and right end surfaces.The outer decorative portion has its upper end surface as a downwardly inclined surface positioned below the upper end surface of the inner bearing portion and its lower end surface inside. It projects downward from the lower end surface of the load-bearing portion, and the left and right end surfaces of the outer decorative portion project outward of the left and right end surfaces of the inner load-bearing portion, and the left and right other end surfaces of the inner bearing portion are left and right ends of the outer decorative portion A building block characterized by being projected outward from the surface. 2. The height between the upper end surface of the inner bearing portion and the upper end surface of the outer decorative portion is approximately twice the length of the lower end surface of the outer decorative portion protruding from the lower end surface of the inner bearing portion. , The length of the left and right end surfaces of the outer decorative portion protruding from the left and right end surfaces of the inner bearing portion is approximately three times the length of the left and right other end surfaces of the inner bearing portion protruding from the left and right end surfaces of the outer decorative portion. The building block according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The building block according to claim 1, wherein the face shells on both sides have a connecting portion, and a horizontal streak stopper is provided on the upper surface of the connecting portion so as to project therefrom. 4. The building block according to claim 1, 2 or 3, through which required vertical rebars and horizontal rebars are passed on a required foundation, and the outer half of the upper end surface of the inner bearing portion of the lower block. Apply an inorganic adhesive only to the part and match the lower end surface of the inner bearing part of the upper block to it, and assemble with the desired stacking method such as tear joints or potato joints,
A method of constructing a block wall body, characterized by pouring and filling mortar or concrete between face shells on both sides of the block. 5. An adhesive joint made of an inorganic adhesive is applied to the outer half of the upper end surface of the inner bearing portion of the lower block, and the rectangular notch on the lower end surface of the inner bearing portion of the upper block is formed in each lower block. Mortar or concrete is filled in the inward lateral recess formed between the inner half of the upper end surface and the lower end of the outer decorative part of the upper block is located outside the upper end of the inner bearing part of the lower block. In a hanging state, a required lateral gap is maintained between the lower end surface of the outer decorative part of the upper block and the upper end surface of the outer decorative part of the lower block, and the outer decorative parts of the blocks adjacent to the left and right A block wall body having a required vertical gap between left and right end faces.