JPH0657626B2 - Compound ceramic cutting tool - Google Patents
Compound ceramic cutting toolInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0657626B2 JPH0657626B2 JP61204998A JP20499886A JPH0657626B2 JP H0657626 B2 JPH0657626 B2 JP H0657626B2 JP 61204998 A JP61204998 A JP 61204998A JP 20499886 A JP20499886 A JP 20499886A JP H0657626 B2 JPH0657626 B2 JP H0657626B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cutting tool
- cutting
- ceramics
- whiskers
- ceramic cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011226 reinforced ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は鋼を高速で切削加工するセラミツクス切削工具
に関する。The present invention relates to a ceramic cutting tool for cutting steel at high speed.
（従来技術） 鋼を高速切削すると、工具の刃先温度は１０００℃以上
のきわめて高温に達するため、従来の超硬合金等金属を
含有する切削工具材料ではとけてしまい使用に耐えない
ことから、Al2O3を主成分とするいわゆるセラミツクス
切削工具しか使用に耐えなかつた。(Prior Art) When cutting steel at a high speed, the cutting edge temperature of the tool reaches an extremely high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, so that conventional cutting tool materials containing metals such as cemented carbide melt and cannot withstand use. Only a so-called ceramics cutting tool containing 2 O 3 as a main component could be used.
しかしながら、セラミツクス切削工具はきわめて脆いこ
とからその使用領域はきわめて限られたものにすぎなか
つた。そのためいかにセラミツクス切削工具を強靭化す
るか長年にわたり研究、開発がなされ、Al2O3にTiCを３
０重量％程度添加したもの、Al2O3にＺｒＯ２を同じく
添加したもの等が開発されているが、これ等はたしかに
Al2O3セラミツクス切削工具に比べれば大巾に強靭化さ
れているものの、実際の切削環境下では未だ脆く、使用
領域はきわめと限定されたものであつた。However, since the ceramic cutting tool is extremely fragile, its use area is very limited. Therefore, how to strengthen ceramic cutting tools has been studied and developed for many years, and Al 2 O 3 with TiC 3
Although about 0 wt% of Al 2 O 3 and ZrO 2 of Al 2 O 3 have been developed, these are certain.
Although it is significantly tougher than the Al 2 O 3 ceramics cutting tool, it was still fragile in the actual cutting environment and its use area was very limited.
最近になつてさらにセラミツクスウイスカー特にSiCウ
イスカーをAl2O3に添加したいわゆるＦＲＣ（フアイバ
ー レインフオースド セラミツクス、繊維強化型セラ
ミツクス）が開発されている。Recently, so-called FRC (Fiber Reinforced Ceramics, Fiber Reinforced Ceramics) has been developed in which ceramic whiskers, especially SiC whiskers, are added to Al 2 O 3 .
（発明が解決しようとする問題点） これは従来のAl2O3／ＴｉＣ、Al2O3／ZrO2セラミツクス
等に比べれば大巾に靭性が向上しているものの、Al2O3
／TiC、Al2O3／ZrO2セラミツクスがいずれも粒子分散強
化効果によつてAl2O3単独よりもも硬度が上昇し、耐摩
耗性が向上しているのに反し、Al2O3／ＳｉＣウイスカ
ーセラミツクスはそのような効果が認められず、ＳｉＣ
の添加に対応し靭性は向上するものの、耐摩耗性が劣化
するという大きな欠点を有していた。(Problems to be solved by the invention) This is because although the toughness is greatly improved as compared with the conventional Al 2 O 3 / TiC, Al 2 O 3 / ZrO 2 ceramics, etc., Al 2 O 3
/ TiC and Al 2 O 3 / ZrO 2 ceramics both have hardness higher than that of Al 2 O 3 alone due to the particle dispersion strengthening effect, and wear resistance is improved, while Al 2 O 3 / SiC whisker ceramics does not show such an effect.
Although the toughness is improved in response to the addition of Al, there is a big defect that the wear resistance is deteriorated.
上記に鑑み本発明はこの様な問題点を解消するため開発
されたものである。In view of the above, the present invention was developed to solve such problems.
（問題点を解決するための手段） 即ち本発明の切削工具は、Al2O3にセラミツクスウイス
カー、特にＳｉＣウイスカーを添加したいわゆるＦＲＣ
を基材としその表面にAl2O3の薄膜を１〜５０μ被覆し
たことによつて耐摩耗性の向上を図つたものである。(Means for Solving Problems) That is, the cutting tool of the present invention is a so-called FRC in which ceramic whiskers, particularly SiC whiskers, are added to Al 2 O 3.
It is intended to improve the wear resistance by coating the surface of the base material with a thin film of Al 2 O 3 in an amount of 1 to 50 μm.
（作用） Al2O3にＳｉＣウイスカーを添加することによつてセラ
ミツクスとしては著しく強靭化するものの、耐摩耗性が
劣化するという欠点はその表面にAl2O3の薄膜を被覆す
ることによつて解消しうる。又、被覆膜は１〜５０μと
きわめて薄いため靭性の低下はほとんど問題にならな
い。一方、耐摩耗性という見地からみると切削という現
象はあくまでも被削材と工具材料の表面との化学的な反
応性が支配する現象であるためAl2O3の薄膜を基材表面
に被覆することによつてその耐摩耗性は飛躍的に上昇す
る。(Function) Although the addition of SiC whiskers to Al 2 O 3 significantly strengthens the ceramics, the drawback that wear resistance deteriorates is that the surface is coated with a thin film of Al 2 O 3 . Can be resolved. Further, since the coating film is extremely thin at 1 to 50 μm, the deterioration of toughness hardly poses a problem. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of wear resistance, the phenomenon of cutting is a phenomenon in which the chemical reactivity between the work material and the surface of the tool material dominates, so coating a thin film of Al 2 O 3 on the substrate surface. As a result, its wear resistance is dramatically increased.
なお被覆膜厚は１μ以下では効果が認められず、５０μ
以上ではＳｉウイスカー添加による強靭化が相殺され好
ましくない。If the coating film thickness is 1μ or less, no effect is observed.
The above is not preferable because the toughness due to the addition of Si whiskers is offset.
なお被覆膜はAl2O3単層以外に母材と被覆膜との接着強
度の向上をはかるために、ＳｉＣ，ＴｉＣ，ＴｉＮなど
の中間層を用いても本発明の効果に差が無いことはいう
までもない。又Al2O3膜そのものも単層で膜厚を厚くし
ていくとAl2O3析出粒子が強大化するため２μ以下の薄
膜の交互積層を用いてもよい。その場合はＴｉＣ，Ｔｉ
Ｎ，Ｔｉ（Ｃｏ）などの物質との交互積層が好ましく。
いずれの場合でも母材に被覆した被覆膜の膜厚総計が５
０μをこえると好ましくない。In addition to the Al 2 O 3 single layer, the coating film improves the adhesive strength between the base material and the coating film. It goes without saying that there is nothing. Also, as the Al 2 O 3 film itself becomes a single layer and the film thickness becomes thicker, the Al 2 O 3 precipitated particles become stronger, so that alternate thin films of 2 μm or less may be used. In that case TiC, Ti
Alternate stacking with a material such as N, Ti (Co) is preferred.
In either case, the total thickness of the coating film coated on the base material is 5
Exceeding 0μ is not preferable.
又Al2O3に添加するセラミツクスウイスカーはＳｉＣウ
イスカーが最も好ましいがＴｉＣウイスカー、ＴｉＮウ
イスカーなどでも効果が認められる。その添加量は１重
量％以下では効果が認められず、５０重量％以上ではそ
の表面にいかにAl2O3薄膜を被覆しても耐摩耗性が劣り
好ましくない。Further, as the ceramic whiskers added to Al 2 O 3 , SiC whiskers are most preferable, but TiC whiskers, TiN whiskers and the like are also effective. If the addition amount is 1% by weight or less, no effect is recognized, and if it is 50% by weight or more, no matter how the Al 2 O 3 thin film is coated on the surface, the abrasion resistance is inferior, which is not preferable.
なお基材としてはAl2O3セラミツクスウイスカー以外に
他の物質例えばＺｒＯ２，ＴｉＣ，ＭｇＯ，Y2O3などを
適宜添加しても良いことはいうまでもない。Needless to say, as the base material, in addition to Al 2 O 3 ceramic whiskers, other substances such as ZrO 2 , TiC, MgO, and Y 2 O 3 may be appropriately added.
（実施例） 以下に本発明の実施例を述べる。(Examples) Examples of the present invention will be described below.
実施例１ 市販のAl2O3７２重量％、ＳｉＣウイスカー２５重量
％、ＭｇＯ１重量％、Y2O3２重量％を混合したのち、１
８００℃、２００Kg/cm2の条件でホツトプレスにて焼結
を行なつた。この試料からＳＮＧ４３２の切削チツプを
切り出した。この試料に通常のＣＶＤ法にてAl2O3を５
μ被覆した試料をＡ、被覆処理しなかつたものをＢ、比
較のため市販のAl2O3／ＴｉＣセラミツクス切削工具を
Ｃ、Al2O3／ＺｒＯ２セラミツクス切削工具をＤとし、
以下の条件で切削試験を行なつた。Example 1 72% by weight of commercially available Al 2 O 3 , 25% by weight of SiC whiskers, 1% by weight of MgO and 2% by weight of Y 2 O 3 were mixed, and then 1
Sintering was performed with a hot press under the conditions of 800 ° C. and 200 kg / cm 2 . A cutting chip of SNG432 was cut out from this sample. Al 2 O 3 was added to this sample by the normal CVD method.
The sample coated with μ was A, the uncoated sample was B, the commercially available Al 2 O 3 / TiC ceramics cutting tool was C, and the Al 2 O 3 / ZrO 2 ceramics cutting tool was D, for comparison.
A cutting test was conducted under the following conditions.
被削材：ＳＣＭ４３５（ＨＢ＝２４０）、 切削速度：５００ｍ／ｍｉｎ、送り：０．３６mm／ｒｅ
ｖ、 切り込み：２mm、ホルダー：ＦＮ１１Ｒ−４４Ａ、 水溶性切削剤使用 Ａは１０分間切削してフランク摩耗が０．１２mmであつ
たのに対し、Ｂは０．３８mm、Ｃは２分１６秒、Ｄは８
分３９秒切削時欠損した。Work Material: SCM435 (H B = 240), Cutting Speed: 500 m / min, Feed: 0.36 mm / re
v, depth of cut: 2 mm, holder: FN11R-44A, water-soluble cutting agent used A had a flank wear of 0.12 mm after cutting for 10 minutes, whereas B had a wear of 0.38 mm and C had a duration of 2 minutes 16 seconds. D is 8
Minutes 39 seconds Chips were lost during cutting.
実施例２ 実施例１のＢにＣＶＤ法でAl2O3を０．１μ、１０μ、
１００μ、被覆した試料とをＥ、Ｆ、Ｇとし、実施例１
と同じ条件で切削試験を行なつた（１０分間）。Example 2 B of Example 1 was added with Al 2 O 3 by 0.1 μ, 10 μ by a CVD method,
100 μ, and E, F, and G were the coated samples, and Example 1 was used.
A cutting test was performed under the same conditions as in (10 minutes).
Ｅはフランク摩耗が０．３６mm、Ｆはフランク摩耗が
０．１６mmであつたのに対し、Ｇは１分１６秒切削時欠
損してしまつた。In E, the flank wear was 0.36 mm, in F, the flank wear was 0.16 mm, while in G, the chip was chipped during cutting for 1 minute 16 seconds.
実施例３ Al2O3に第１表に示すようなウイスカーを添加したセラ
ミツクスを作成し、それぞれにＣＶＤ法でAl2O3を５μ
被覆した。それを実施例１の条件で切削試験を行なつた
結果をあわせ第１表に示す。Create a ceramics obtained by adding whiskers as shown in Table 1 in Example 3 Al 2 O 3, 5μ the Al 2 O 3 by the CVD method, respectively
Coated. The results of a cutting test conducted under the conditions of Example 1 are also shown in Table 1.
（発明の効果） 以上説明した様に、本発明の切削工具は、Al2O3にセラ
ミツクスウイスカーを添加したセラミツクスを基材と
し、その表面にAl2O3の薄膜を被覆したことによつて、
靭性、耐摩耗性ともに向上し、鋼の高速切削加工が可能
となつた。 (Effects of the Invention) As described above, the cutting tool of the present invention has a base material of ceramics obtained by adding ceramics whiskers to Al 2 O 3 , and the surface thereof is coated with a thin film of Al 2 O 3. ,
Both toughness and wear resistance have been improved, enabling high-speed cutting of steel.
Claims (2)
０重量％添加したセラミツクスを基材とし、その表面に
Al2O3の薄膜を１〜５０μ被覆したことを特徴とする複
合セラミツクス切削工具。1. A ceramic whisker of 1 to 5 on Al 2 O 3.
Using 0% by weight added ceramics as a base material,
A composite ceramic cutting tool characterized by being coated with a thin film of Al 2 O 3 in an amount of 1 to 50 μm.
請求の範囲第(1)項記載の複合セラミツクス切削工具。2. The composite ceramic cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic whisker is SiC.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61204998A JPH0657626B2 (en) | 1986-08-30 | 1986-08-30 | Compound ceramic cutting tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61204998A JPH0657626B2 (en) | 1986-08-30 | 1986-08-30 | Compound ceramic cutting tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6360185A JPS6360185A (en) | 1988-03-16 |
| JPH0657626B2 true JPH0657626B2 (en) | 1994-08-03 |
Family
ID=16499762
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61204998A Expired - Fee Related JPH0657626B2 (en) | 1986-08-30 | 1986-08-30 | Compound ceramic cutting tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0657626B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH068559U (en) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-02-04 | 両毛防水工業株式会社 | Reinforced asphalt waterproof layer structure |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2604155B2 (en) * | 1986-05-28 | 1997-04-30 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Ceramic tool with coating layer |
-
1986
- 1986-08-30 JP JP61204998A patent/JPH0657626B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6360185A (en) | 1988-03-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |