JPS6355181A - Coated ceramic tool - Google Patents
Coated ceramic toolInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6355181A JPS6355181A JP20052086A JP20052086A JPS6355181A JP S6355181 A JPS6355181 A JP S6355181A JP 20052086 A JP20052086 A JP 20052086A JP 20052086 A JP20052086 A JP 20052086A JP S6355181 A JPS6355181 A JP S6355181A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- weight
- ceramic
- coated
- tic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 35
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(i) oxide Chemical compound [Al]O[Al] BYFGZMCJNACEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100008046 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
この発明は高速で鋼、鋳鉄などを加工するに使用する被
覆セラミックス工具に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> This invention relates to a coated ceramic tool used for machining steel, cast iron, etc. at high speed.
〈従来の技術〉
鋼あるいは溶鉄などを高速で切削すると、該切削工具の
刃先は１０００℃以上の極めて高温に達するため、高速
度鋼は勿論のこと、超硬合金でもそれに耐えられず、〃
２ｏ！を主成分とするセラミックス工具のみが使用に耐
え得るというのが現状である。<Prior art> When cutting steel or molten iron at high speed, the cutting edge of the cutting tool reaches an extremely high temperature of over 1000°C, so not only high speed steel but even cemented carbide cannot withstand this temperature.
2o! Currently, only ceramic tools whose main components are
特にＭ２Ｏ３に３０重小母程度のＴｉ Ｃを添加したセ
ラミックス工具は、耐熱疲労性を改善したことから市場
で唯一の実用に耐え得る高速切削用工具として評価され
ている。In particular, a ceramic tool made by adding about 30% TiC to M2O3 has improved thermal fatigue resistance and is rated as the only practical high-speed cutting tool on the market.
〈発明が解決しようとする問題点〉
Ｍ２Ｏ，に３０重蚤％程度のＴｉ Ｃを添加したセラミ
ックス工具は確かに耐熱疲労性が改善されてはいるもの
の、まだ十分とは云えず、所詮その使用領域は軽切削、
仕上げ切削に限られていた。<Problems to be solved by the invention> Ceramic tools made by adding about 30% TiC to M2O have certainly improved thermal fatigue resistance, but this is still not sufficient, and after all, the use of ceramic tools has been improved. The area is light cutting,
It was limited to finishing cutting.
そのため、なお−層耐熱疲労性の改善をはかるために、
Ｔｉ Ｃ以外の添加物、例えばＺｒ ＯｔやＳｉＣウィ
スカーを添加したセラミックス工具が開発されている。Therefore, in order to improve the thermal fatigue resistance of the layer,
Ceramic tools containing additives other than TiC, such as ZrOt and SiC whiskers, have been developed.
しかしながら、これらの工具はたしかに添加物によって
著しく強靭化されてはいるものの、Ｔｉ Ｃの添加に比
べて何れも耐摩耗性、特に耐フランク摩耗性を劣化させ
るため、欠損による寿命は向上したものの、摩耗による
寿命のため実用性を損ねるという大きな問題を有してい
た。However, although it is true that these tools are significantly toughened by the addition of TiC, they all deteriorate the wear resistance, especially the flank wear resistance, compared to the addition of TiC, so although the tool life due to chipping has improved, This had a major problem in that it was impractical due to its lifespan due to wear.
く問題点を解決するための手段〉
上記に鑑みて本発明者らは耐熱疲労性、耐摩耗性の双方
の性質を向上せしめてかつか命の長い高速用切削工具を
得るべく検討の結果、この発明に至ったものである。Means for Solving the Problems> In view of the above, the present inventors conducted studies to improve both thermal fatigue resistance and wear resistance, and to obtain a long-life high-speed cutting tool. This is what led to this invention.
即ち、この発明はＭ２Ｏ３を５０〜８５重最％含有する
セラミックスを母材とし、その表面にＴｉ ＣまたはＴ
ｉ（ＣＮ）の薄膜１層以上を１〜５０μ被覆したことを
特徴とする被覆セラミックス工具である。That is, this invention uses ceramics containing 50 to 85% by weight of M2O3 as a base material, and TiC or T on the surface thereof.
This is a coated ceramic tool characterized by being coated with one or more thin films of i(CN) of 1 to 50 μm.
〈作用〉
Ａｌ２Ｏ．を５０〜８５重量％含有するセラミックス工
具は、／Ｖ ２０ｇ単独のセラミックス工具に比べると
、特に耐フランク摩耗が低下する。耐フランク摩耗性は
、硬度が高いほどすぐれているといわれている。切削工
具の業界で〃２０．よりも硬い物質として知られている
のはＴｉ ＣまたはＴ；（ＯＮ）である。<Action> Al2O. Ceramic tools containing 50 to 85% by weight of /V have particularly poor flank wear resistance compared to ceramic tools containing only 20 g of /V. It is said that the higher the hardness, the better the flank wear resistance. In the cutting tool industry〃20. A substance known to be harder than TiC or T; (ON).
Ｔｉ ＣまたはＴｉ（ＣＮ）は、確かに耐フランク摩耗
は特にすぐれているものの、耐クレーター摩耗性につい
てはＭ２Ｏ，に比べると劣ることが認められている。Although TiC or Ti(CN) is certainly particularly good in flank wear resistance, it is recognized that it is inferior to M2O in terms of crater wear resistance.
そこでＮ！２０３を５０〜８５重Ｏ％含有するセラミッ
クスを母材とし、その表面にＴｉ ＣまたはＴ、（ＣＮ
）の薄膜を被覆すると、耐フランク摩耗はＭ２Ｏ５より
も格段にすぐれているＴｊ ＣまたはＴ、（ＣＮ）の薄
膜の被覆効果によって著しく改善される。一方耐クレー
ター摩耗性に関しては、Ｔｉ ＣまたはＴ。So N! Ceramics containing 50 to 85% by weight of 203 is used as a base material, and the surface is coated with TiC, T, (CN
), the flank wear resistance is significantly improved due to the coating effect of the thin film of Tj C or T, (CN) which is much better than M2O5. On the other hand, for crater wear resistance, TiC or T.
（ＣＮ）の被蕾はそれ程の効果はないものの被覆厚みが
薄いため、実際の切削時にはすくい面上の被覆膜がクレ
ータ−摩耗によってすぐに消滅しても、セラミックスそ
のものが十分な耐クレーター摩耗性を有しているため、
全体としては十分な耐摩耗性を有することができるので
ある。Although the coating thickness of (CN) is not as effective, the coating thickness is thin, so even if the coating film on the rake face quickly disappears due to crater wear during actual cutting, the ceramic itself has sufficient crater wear resistance. Because it has a gender,
As a whole, it can have sufficient wear resistance.
なお、セラミックス母材上のＴｉ Ｃまたはｕ（ＣＮ）
７ｇｉ膜の膜厚は１μ以下では耐フランク摩耗性向上の
効果が認められず、また５０μ以上では耐クレーター摩
耗性が従来のセラミックス工具に比べて劣るため、１〜
５０μが好ましい。In addition, TiC or u(CN) on the ceramic base material
If the thickness of the 7gi film is less than 1μ, the effect of improving flank wear resistance is not recognized, and if it is more than 50μ, the crater wear resistance is inferior to that of conventional ceramic tools.
50μ is preferred.
次にセラミックス母材については、Ａｊ ２０ｓが５０
重重％以下では、如何に被覆を施しても耐クレーター性
が不足し、また８５重量％以上では工具としての耐熱疲
労性が十分でないため好ましくなく、従ってＡｌ２Ｏ．
の吊は５０〜８５重量％が適当である。Next, regarding the ceramic base material, Aj 20s is 50
If it is less than 85% by weight, the crater resistance will be insufficient no matter how much coating is applied, and if it is more than 85% by weight, the thermal fatigue resistance as a tool will not be sufficient, which is undesirable.
A suitable suspension is 50 to 85% by weight.
また、セラミックス母材に耐熱疲労性を向上させるため
に添加する物質としては種々考えられるが、Ｚｒ０ｅ、
ＳｉＣおよび／またはＳｉ３Ｎ４のウィスカーなどが好
適であり、そのΦは１〜３０重世％が適当である。これ
は１重量％以下では添加の効果が認められず、また３０
重量％以上の添加は被覆を行なっても工具としての耐摩
耗性が不足するためである。Various substances can be added to the ceramic base material to improve thermal fatigue resistance, including Zr0e,
SiC and/or Si3N4 whiskers are suitable, and their Φ is suitably 1 to 30%. The effect of addition was not observed at 1% by weight or less, and 30% by weight or less.
This is because adding more than % by weight will result in insufficient wear resistance as a tool even if coating is performed.
〈実施例〉 以下、この発明を実施例により詳細に説明する。<Example> Hereinafter, this invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples.
実施例１
市販のＡ１２０ｓ粉末８０重堡％、ＺｒＯ２１８，５重
量９６、Ｙ２Ｏ，粉末１重量％、ＮＬＯ粉末０．５重量
％を秤取、混合したのち、型押し成形し、真空中１６５
０℃で焼結し、次いでん気流中１７００℃、１０００気
圧で熱間静水圧処理を行なった。Example 1 Commercially available A120s powder 80% by weight, ZrO218,5 96% by weight, Y2O powder 1% by weight, and NLO powder 0.5% by weight were weighed and mixed, then pressed and molded in vacuum at 165% by weight.
Sintering was carried out at 0°C, followed by hot isostatic treatment at 1700°C and 1000 atm in reflux.
この試料（型番Ｓ Ｎ Ｇ Ｎ １２０４０８）をＡと
し、さらにこのＡに化学蒸着法にて１２００℃でＴｉ
Ｃを１０μ被覆した。This sample (model number SN GN 120408) was designated as A, and Ti was further applied to this A at 1200°C by chemical vapor deposition.
10μ of C was coated.
比較のために市販のＮ２Ｏ５／ＴｉｃセラミツクスヲＢ
１Ｍｌ ２０ｓ ／ Ｚｒ ＯｒセラミックスをＣと
し、これらＡ、Ｂ、Ｃについて下記の切削条件１．２お
よび３によって切削試験を行なった。For comparison, commercially available N2O5/Tic ceramics WoB
1Ml 20s/Zr Or ceramics was designated as C, and cutting tests were conducted on these A, B, and C under the following cutting conditions 1.2 and 3.
切削条件１
被剛材 Ｆｅ１２
切削速度 ８００ｍ ／＋１！ｎ送 リ
０．３６ 朧／ｒｅｖ切り込み
２ ｒｎｔｒ
工 具 Ｆ Ｎ １１Ｒ−４４ＡＳ
Ｎ Ｇ Ｎ １２０４０８
水溶性切削剤使用
その結果、試料Ａは１０分間切削してフランク摩耗が０
．１８ｍｍであったのに対し、試料Ｂは３分１８秒の切
削で欠損した。また試料Ｃは８分２９秒切削してフラン
ク摩耗が０．６０ａｉを超したため、切削を続行できな
かった。Cutting conditions 1: Rigid material: Fe12 Cutting speed: 800m /+1! n feed re 0.36 hazy/rev notch
2 rntr tool F N 11R-44AS
N G N 120408 Using water-soluble cutting agent As a result, sample A showed no flank wear after cutting for 10 minutes.
．． 18 mm, whereas sample B broke after cutting for 3 minutes and 18 seconds. Further, sample C could not be continued cutting because the flank wear exceeded 0.60ai after cutting for 8 minutes and 29 seconds.
次に上記試料Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃに対して
切削条件２
被削材 ５５０Ｃ（ＨＢ ＝ ２５０＞切削速度
８００ｍ ／ｎｉｎ
送 リ ０．２５ ａｍ／
ｒｅｖ切り込み ２闇
水溶性切削剤使用
にて切削試験を行なった。Next, cutting conditions 2 were applied to the above samples A, B, and C: Work material: 550C (HB = 250>Cutting speed: 800 m/nin Feed: 0.25 am/
A cutting test was conducted using a rev depth of cut 2 and a water-soluble cutting agent.
その結果、試料Ａは５分間切削でフランク摩耗が０．１
４ｍｙ＋、クレーター摩耗が０．１１ｓ＋であったのに
対し、試料Ｂは３０秒切削して欠損、また試料Ｃは２分
１８秒切削時にフランク摩耗の進行から切削抵抗が大き
くなり、欠損した。As a result, the flank wear of sample A was 0.1 after 5 minutes of cutting.
4 my+ and crater wear was 0.11 s+, whereas sample B broke off after 30 seconds of cutting, and sample C broke off after 2 minutes and 18 seconds of cutting due to increased cutting resistance due to progression of flank wear.
次にこれらの試料について、水溶性切削剤を使用せずに
切削条件２にて切削試験を行なったところ、試料Ａは５
分間切削してフランク摩耗が０．１６ｒＲｍ、クレータ
−摩耗が０．１３ａｎであったのに対し、試料Ｂはフラ
ンク摩耗が０．２３ａｉ、クレータ−摩耗が０．０６朋
であった。また試料Ｃは１分３８秒切削時に欠損した。Next, cutting tests were conducted on these samples under cutting conditions 2 without using a water-soluble cutting agent, and sample A was 5.
After cutting for 1 minute, the flank wear was 0.16 rRm and the crater wear was 0.13 an, whereas in Sample B, the flank wear was 0.23 ai and the crater wear was 0.06 m. In addition, sample C broke during cutting for 1 minute and 38 seconds.
実施例２
実施例１で得た試料Ａと同一の母材に第１表に示す各種
の被覆を行なった。そして実施例１の切削条件２にて切
削試験を行なったところ、第１表に示す結果を得た。Example 2 The same base material as Sample A obtained in Example 1 was coated with the various coatings shown in Table 1. A cutting test was conducted under cutting conditions 2 of Example 1, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
第 １ 表 なお＊印はいずれもＴｉ Ｃ膜が内層である。Chapter 1 Table Note that in all cases marked with *, the TiC film is the inner layer.
実施例３
実施例１で試料Ａを得たとほぼ同様の製造法で種々の組
成のセラミックス母材を作成したのち、ＣＶＤ法にて１
２００℃でＴｉ Ｃを１０μ被覆した。母材の組成およ
び実施例１の切削条件１で切削試験した結果は第２表に
示した。Example 3 Ceramic base materials of various compositions were created using almost the same manufacturing method as that used to obtain sample A in Example 1, and then 1 was prepared using the CVD method.
10μ of TiC was coated at 200°C. The composition of the base material and the results of the cutting test under cutting condition 1 of Example 1 are shown in Table 2.
第 ２ 表
〈発明の効果〉
以上詳細に説明したように、この発明によればＡｌ２Ｏ
！セラミツクスエ只の耐熱疲労性を改善するためＺｒＯ
２，ＳｉＣウィスカー、Ｓｉ３Ｎ４ウイスカーなど添加
したセラミック工具は、従来のセラミックス工具に比べ
て耐フランク摩耗性に劣るが、その表面にＴｉ Ｃまた
はＴｉ（ＣＮ）の薄膜１層以上を１〜５０μ厚に被覆し
たところ、該被覆セラミックス工具の耐フランク摩耗性
は著しく向上することが認められた。Table 2 <Effects of the invention> As explained in detail above, according to this invention, Al2O
! ZrO to improve the thermal fatigue resistance of ceramic
2. Ceramic tools with added SiC whiskers, Si3N4 whiskers, etc. have inferior flank wear resistance compared to conventional ceramic tools, but they can be coated with at least one thin film of TiC or Ti(CN) to a thickness of 1 to 50μ on the surface. When coated, it was found that the flank wear resistance of the coated ceramic tool was significantly improved.
Claims (4)
ミックスを母材とし、その表面にＴｉＣまたはＴｉ（Ｃ
Ｎ）の薄膜１層以上を１〜５０μ被覆したことを特徴と
する被覆セラミックス工具。(1) Ceramics containing 50 to 85% by weight of Al_2O_3 is used as a base material, and the surface is coated with TiC or Ti(C).
A coated ceramic tool characterized by being coated with one or more thin films of N) of 1 to 50 μm.
３０重量％のＺｒＯ＿２からなるセラミックスであるこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の被覆セラミ
ックス工具。(2) Al_2O_3 with a base material of 50-85% by weight and 1-
The coated ceramic tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a ceramic consisting of 30% by weight of ZrO_2.
３０重量％のＳｉＣおよび／またはＳｉ＿３Ｎ＿４ウイ
スカーからなるセラミックスであることを特徴とする特
許請求の範囲第１項記載の被覆セラミックス工具。(3) Base material is 50-85% by weight Al_2O_3 and 1-
The coated ceramic tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the coated ceramic tool is a ceramic consisting of 30% by weight of SiC and/or Si_3N_4 whiskers.
３０重量％のＺｒＯ＿２および１〜３０重量％のＳｉＣ
ウイスカーからなるセラミックスであることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の被覆セラミックス工具。(4) Al_2O_3 with a base material of 50-85% by weight and 1-
30 wt% ZrO_2 and 1-30 wt% SiC
The coated ceramic tool according to claim 1, wherein the coated ceramic tool is a ceramic made of whiskers.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20052086A JPS6355181A (en) | 1986-08-27 | 1986-08-27 | Coated ceramic tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20052086A JPS6355181A (en) | 1986-08-27 | 1986-08-27 | Coated ceramic tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6355181A true JPS6355181A (en) | 1988-03-09 |
Family
ID=16425675
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20052086A Pending JPS6355181A (en) | 1986-08-27 | 1986-08-27 | Coated ceramic tool |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6355181A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03111572A (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1991-05-13 | Hitachi Tool Eng Ltd | Coated ceramic tool |
-
1986
- 1986-08-27 JP JP20052086A patent/JPS6355181A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03111572A (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1991-05-13 | Hitachi Tool Eng Ltd | Coated ceramic tool |
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