JPH067032A - Cultivation method of cortinellus shiitake and house equipment therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable to stabilize yield of Cortinellus Shiitake and to easily control lifetime of bed logs by putting Shiitake bed logs on multi-shelf cultivation shelves, controlling inner temperature of a house and intermittently sprinkling water over artificial bed logs. CONSTITUTION:Artificial bed logs 7 are laid on cultivation shelves 2 in a house 1 and temperature in the house is controlled at about 20 deg.C in the daytime and at 10-15 deg.C lower in the night than in the daytime. Water sprinkling is carried out intermittently from sprinkling pipes 4 to the extent of preventing drying of artificial bed logs.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating shiitake mushrooms and a house apparatus for cultivating shiitake mushrooms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, it is 10 for germination and growth of shiitake mushrooms.
The climate is suitable from March to November, and it is around this time when germination and cultivation of shiitake mushrooms using natural sapling are carried out. recently,
A method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms using artificial grain instead of the above-mentioned natural grain has come to be practiced. Although this method uses artificial barley, since it is only covered with a simple house covering, it is affected by environmental temperature, etc. Limited

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present inventor aims to cultivate shiitake mushrooms without being affected by the climate, and cultivates artificial shiitake mushrooms in a full-scale house equipped with a heating and cooling device. Tried. However, even in this way, it was not possible to obtain a sufficient harvest in summer and winter.
Therefore, as a result of further research, the germination of shiitake mushrooms
It was found that when the daytime temperature was set to around 20 ° C in the house and the nighttime temperature was 10 to 15 ° C lower than that, the temperature was high. However, even with this method, the shiitake mushrooms did not germinate sufficiently in the summer. Therefore, the present inventor has conducted intensive research on this, and in the summer, the surface of the shiitake mushroom was easily dried, and it was found that the shiitake mushrooms would not germinate sufficiently due to this, and the present invention was found. Arrived

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a method for artificially cultivating shiitake mushrooms and a house apparatus for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, which can germinate and cultivate shiitake mushrooms throughout the year. To do.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention puts a multi-stage cultivation shelf in a house, and puts artificial shiitake mushrooms on the shelf, and leaves the house at 20 ° C. in the daytime.
By setting the temperature before and after, 10 to 15 ° C. lower than that in the daytime at night, by intermittently sprinkling water on the artificial paddy on the multi-stage cultivation shelf to such an extent that the artificial paddy does not dry, The artificial cultivation method for cultivating and cultivating shiitake mushrooms in the above-mentioned artificial barley is the first gist, and a house, a multi-stage cultivation rack for artificial-harm placement, which is installed inside the house, and is placed on the above-mentioned cultivation shelf. And a heating / cooling means for sending cold or warm air into the house, and a temperature of about 20 ° C. in the daytime and 10 to 15 ° C. lower than the daytime at night. A second aspect is a house apparatus for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, which is provided with a control means for controlling the cooling and heating means.

[0006]

[Function] As described above, the artificial pellets in which the mycelium spreads are placed on the cultivation shelves in the house, and in that state, 20 days in the house during the day.
If you set the temperature to around ℃ and the temperature is 10 to 15 ℃ lower at night than at daytime, and at the same time sprinkle water on the above-mentioned artificial pellets to the extent that the artificial pellets do not dry, the artificial mushrooms will germinate regardless of the season. However, you will be able to constantly harvest shiitake mushrooms. The life of artificial sand is generally 3 ~
Since it is about 4 months, by controlling the life of the artificial barley on each shelf of the cultivation shelf and replacing the expired artificial barley with a new artificial barley for cultivation, the yield of shiitake mushrooms is further stabilized, At the same time, the life of the artificial pellets can be easily managed.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.

[0008]

1 is a schematic view showing a house apparatus for cultivating shiitake mushrooms according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a part of the house apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a side view thereof. . In these figures, 1 is a house, and a door 8 is provided on a front wall 1 a of the house 1. Reference numeral 2 is a cultivation shelf (bench), which is arranged in two rows in the front-rear direction in the house 1, and eight rows are provided in each row. As shown in FIG. 4, each cultivation shelf 2 is formed in five stages, and in each stage, a supporting rod 11 is fixed to the horizontal rails 10a in front and rear thereof, and the supporting rods 11 form a set of two. The structure is such that the artificial rod 7 is placed. Then, the support rods 11 of each set are arranged so as not to overlap in the vertical direction between the vertically adjacent steps so as to be offset to one side or the other side. In FIG. 1, 1b is a side wall, 1c is a rear wall, and each of the walls 1a to 1c is formed of a corrugated galvanized sheet plate. In addition, in FIG.
10c is a vertical support material.

As shown in FIG. 4, support rods 26 are erected from the horizontal rails 10b at the left and right ends of the uppermost stage of the above-mentioned cultivation shelf 2, and the horizontal rods bridged over both the support rods 26. The sprinkler pipe 4 is fixed on the band 27 by a band 30. A large number of sprinkling nozzles 31 are provided in the sprinkling pipe 4, and water is sprinkled from the sprinkling nozzles 31 in the form of a shower (in the sprinkling, a promoter and a nutrient that promote germination and growth of shiitake mushrooms). Etc. are included). As shown in FIG. 2, one end 4a of the sprinkling pipe 4 descends to the floor surface, is connected to a confluence pipe 32 disposed on the floor surface, and communicates with a pump 33 via the confluence pipe 32. ing. One end 4a of each sprinkling pipe 4
Each is provided with a solenoid valve (not shown), and by controlling the opening and closing of each solenoid valve, it is possible to arbitrarily select from which sprinkler pipe 4 the water is sprinkled.

Further, in the house 1, there is provided an air conditioner including a heater 3, a cooler 6 and an agitator 5 as described below. That is, the heater 3
As shown in FIG. 5, is composed of a main body 14 and two flexible plastic tubular bodies 15 and 16. The main body 14 is arranged in front of the front wall 1a of the house 1, and the air inlet 21 opened in the front wall of the main body 14 communicates with the outside air through the through hole 13 formed in the front wall 1a of the house 1. ing. Further, the main body 14 is provided with hot air outlets 22 (only the hot air outlet 22 opened in the right side wall is shown in FIG. 5) on both left and right side walls thereof, and a fan and a heater ( (Both not shown) and the like are provided, and these controls are performed by a control unit (not shown). The both plastic cylinders 15 and 16 are the parent cylinders 17 and 18 and the slave cylinder 1.
9 and 20, and the parent tubular bodies 17 and 18 have one end opening 17a (in FIG. 5, one end opening 17 of the parent tubular body 17).
(only a is shown) is the hot air outlet 22 of the main body 14
Is fixed to the band 23 by the band 23, the other end closing portions 17b and 18b are located near the rear wall 1c, and are arranged along the front wall 1a and the side wall 1b of the house 1, as shown in FIG.
In the portion along the side wall 1b, the support bar 11 at the bottom of the cultivation shelf 2
(See FIG. 3). Child tubular body 19, 20
Is attached to the parent tubular bodies 17 and 18 in a communicating manner,
Every other one is arranged under the cultivation shelf 2. Further, each of the child tubular bodies 19, 20 is provided with three warm air outlets 24, 25 at symmetrical positions on the front and rear sides, respectively, and the hole diameters of the child tubular bodies 19, 20 are far from the main body 14. It is formed such that the larger the one, the larger. As shown in FIG. 2, a ventilation opening 28 is formed in the front wall 1a of the house near the heater 3, and a ventilation fan (not shown) is provided in the ventilation opening 28.

The plastic cylinders 15 and 16 are made of a stretchable plastic material, and when warm air is being sent from the main body 14, the warm air expands into a substantially cylindrical body. , When the warm air is not sent from the main body 14, it withers (see the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 3).

A cooler 6 is provided in the upper space of the house 1.
Are provided in the front-rear direction and one agitator 5 is provided between each cooler 6 (see FIG. 1). The cooler 6 is attached to a cross rail (not shown) extending in the left-right direction in the upper space of the house 1, and has a fan 40 and a cooling unit 41. A coolant is supplied from a coolant supply source (not shown) via a coolant (not shown). Then, the air in the upper space in the house 1 is sent to the cooling unit 41 by the fan 40 and flows out as cold air from the cooling unit 41 (the arrow in FIG. 2 indicates the outflow direction of the cold air). Control of the fan 40, the cooling unit 41, etc. is performed by a control unit (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 6, the agitator 5 is composed of a vertically extending cylindrical body 5a and a suction fan 35 attached to an upper end opening 5b of the cylindrical body 5a. The air in the upper space of the house 1 is sucked in through the upper end opening 5b and discharged through the lower end opening 5c (see the arrow in FIG. 3). Like the cooler 6, the stirrer 5 is also attached to a horizontal crosspiece (not shown) that extends in the left-right direction in the upper space of the house 1. Reference numeral 36 is a motor, and 37 is a support piece for fixing the motor 36 to the cylindrical body 5a.

As shown in FIG. 1, the front wall 1a of the house 1 has an air inlet port 65, and the rear wall 1c has an air outlet port 6a.
6 is opened, an intake fan is attached to the air intake port 65, and an exhaust fan (both fans are not shown) is attached to the air exhaust port 66. By driving both fans, the air can be forcedly circulated in the house 1.

The house 1 has windows on the roof plate 9 and both side walls 1b. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, a ceiling window 45 is openably and closably attached to the roof plate 9 made of a polycarbonate corrugated plate. As shown in FIG. 8, this ceiling window 45 is composed of a right side ceiling window 46 and a left side ceiling window 47, and one end portions 46a and 47a of both ceiling windows 46 and 47 are rotatably attached to the roof fan 48. An opening degree adjusting rod 49 having a rack 49a is rotatably attached to the other end portions 46b and 47b. On the other hand, a rotary shaft 50 is arranged in the front-rear direction in the upper space of the house 1, and bifurcated metal fittings 52 are rotatably attached to the rotary shaft 50 at six positions. As shown in FIG. 9, these metal fittings 52 have their bifurcated portions 52a.
The opening adjustment rod 49 is slidably supported on the pinion 51 (the pinion 51 is integrally provided on the rotary shaft 50) between the side plates 52b. Forty-nine racks 49a are adapted to mesh with each other. A gear 53 is integrally fixed to the front ends of the rotary shafts 50, and is rotatably attached to a support piece 54 fixed to the upper part of the front wall 1a of the house. Then, a chain 55 hung on the gear 53 can be operated by a person below the house 1. By pulling the chain 55, the rotary shaft 50 can be moved through the gear 53.
Is rotated, whereby the opening adjustment rod 49 is moved up and down (see the arrow in FIG. 9), and both ceiling windows 46 and 47 can be manually opened and closed. 56 is a net for insect repellent, and 57 is a roof steel frame.

On the windows of the left and right side walls 1b of the house 1, a window cover made of a synthetic resin film is vertically hung. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the upper end portion 60a of the cover 60 is fixed to the side wall 1b, and the lower end portion is attached to the winding rod 61, so that the whole is hung from the side wall 1b. On the other hand, pipes 6 from the ground to the front and rear ends of the window
2 is erected, and in this pipe 62, as shown in FIG.
The elevating member 63 is provided so as to be vertically movable. A pipe insertion hole 63a is vertically penetrated through the lift member 63, and the lift member 63 is inserted through the pipe insertion hole 63a.
Is vertically movable on the pipe 62. A winding rod engaging member 65 is rotatably attached to the elevating member 63, and the engaging member 65 has one end portion 65.
The engaging portion of the winding rod 61 is formed at d, and the other end 65
A crank-shaped groove 65c is formed in the concave portion 65b of a. Then, the concave portion 6 of the front end portion 65a of the engaging member 65.
The handle 66 is attached to the engaging member 65 by inserting the tip portion of the handle 66 into the 5b and engaging the protrusion 66a standing on the tip portion with the crank-shaped groove 62c. It has a structure that can be rotated. Therefore, when the handle 66 is attached to the engaging member 65 and rotated clockwise, the cover 6
The window can be opened by winding 0, and the window can be closed by lowering the cover 60 by rotating the window counterclockwise.

In the above embodiment, the pipes 62 are provided upright at the front and rear ends of the window, and the elevating members 63 are attached to both pipes 62, so the windows can be opened and closed from both the front and the rear of the house 1. 64 is a grip.

Air conditioning of the house 1 in such a house apparatus can be performed as follows. That is, the outside air is sucked from the air inlet 21 of the main body 14 of the heater 3 by the suction force of the fan in the main body 14, and the heater is turned into warm air,
It flows out from the hot air outlet 22. This outflowing warm air passes through the parent tubular bodies 17, 18 of both plastic tubular bodies 15, 16 and into the house 1 from the warm air outlets 24, 25 of the child tubular bodies 19, 20 (cultivation rack 2 (Below the lowermost support rod 11) is blown, and the inside of the house 1 is heated by the blown warm air. At this time, in the cultivation shelf 2, since the set of two supporting rods 11 that support the artificial rod 7 do not overlap each other in the vertically adjacent steps, the air (warm air) rising from below is generated. Go to all the artificial rods 7 placed on the cultivation shelf 2. On the other hand, part of the air in the upper space in the house 1 is chilled by the cooler 6 and the house 1
The inside of the house 1 is cooled by being returned to the inside. The warm air and the cold air are sufficiently stirred by the stirring action of the stirrer 5,
They are mixed, and in this way, the temperature inside the house 1 is set to a desired temperature. That is, the inside of the house 1 is 20 in the daytime.
The temperature is set to around 0 ° C., and the temperature at night is set to be 10 to 15 ° C. lower than that in the daytime (that is, a temperature close to the climate around October). Therefore, in house cultivation, it becomes possible to germinate and cultivate shiitake mushrooms all year round.

In the above embodiment, the main body 1 of the heater 3
Warm air outlets 24, 2 of the child tubular bodies 19, 20 separated from
In order to allow the warm air to be sufficiently blown out from 5, the diameters of the warm air outlets 24 and 25 opened in the child cylinders 19 and 20 are made larger for the child cylinders 19 and 20 farther from the main body 14. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the diameters of the warm air outlets 24 and 25 are all the same, and the warmer air outlets 24 and 25 that are farther from the main body 14 are the warm air outlets 24 and 25.
The number of 25 may be increased.

[0020]

Industrial Applicability As described above, according to the present invention, the artificial fungus infested with mycelia is placed on a cultivation shelf in a house, and in that state, the temperature in the house is around 20 ° C. in the daytime and the nighttime is in the daytime. If you set the temperature 10 to 15 ° C lower than that, and sprinkle water on the above-mentioned artificial barley intermittently to the extent that the artificial barley will not dry, the shiitake mushroom will germinate from the artificial barley regardless of the season and you can always harvest shiitake mushrooms constantly. Like Since the life of the artificial paddy is generally about 3 to 4 months, the life of the artificial paddy is managed for each shelf of the cultivation shelf, and the artificial paddy that has reached the end of its life is replaced with a new artificial paddy for cultivation. , The yield of shiitake mushroom is further stabilized, and the life span of artificial barley becomes easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a house apparatus for cultivating shiitake mushroom according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a part of the house device.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a part of the house apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a cultivation shelf.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a heater.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a stirrer.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the house.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an opening / closing structure of a ceiling window.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a main part of the opening / closing structure.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a main part of an opening / closing structure for a window provided on a side wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 House 2 Cultivation Shelf 3 Heating 4 Sprinkler 5 Agitator 6 Cooler 7 Artificial Harvest

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A multi-stage cultivation shelf is placed in a house, and artificial mushrooms are placed on the shelf, and the house is kept at 20 ° C. in the daytime.
By setting the temperature before and after, 10 to 15 ° C. lower than that in the daytime at night, by intermittently sprinkling water on the artificial paddy on the multi-stage cultivation shelf to such an extent that the artificial paddy does not dry, A method for artificially cultivating shiitake mushrooms, which comprises culturing and cultivating shiitake mushrooms in the above-mentioned artificial grain. 2. A house, a multi-stage cultivation shelf for artificial-harvesting placed inside the house, a sprinkling means for sprinkling water on the artificial-harness placed on the cultivation shelf, and cold or warm air in the house. Shiitake is characterized in that it is provided with a cooling and heating means for sending and a control means for controlling the cooling and heating means so that the temperature in the house is around 20 ° C. during the daytime and 10 to 15 ° C. lower than that during the daytime. Cultivation house equipment.