JPH067302A - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of automatically performing alignment work without imposing a burden on a subject. In the ophthalmologic apparatus, the arithmetic control circuit 20 sets an alignment index (small hole 41a) on the eye E when the predetermined fixation target (small holes 24a, 24b) for coarse alignment is visible to the eye E. A state in which projection is possible or an alignment index (small hole 41a) is projected on the eye to be inspected to start alignment.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus for automatically aligning an eye to be observed with an observed portion.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional ophthalmologic apparatus, for example, a plurality of optotypes are projected on a fundus of an eye to be examined, and when all the optotypes are observed by a subject, the optical axis of the eye to be examined and observation / imaging are performed. It is considered that the optical axes of the optical systems coincide with each other so that the alignment of the observation / imaging optical system with respect to the fundus of the eye to be examined is completed.

[0003]

However, in this ophthalmologic apparatus, although the subject can perform the alignment operation, the subject must perform all of the alignment operation, and the alignment work takes time. In addition to this, there is a risk that the subject may be burdened with the alignment.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of automatically performing alignment work without giving such a burden.

[0005]

In order to achieve this object, the invention of claim 1 has a fixation target, and the fixation target is arranged at a position conjugate with an observed portion of an eye to be examined. In the ophthalmologic apparatus including a fixation target optical system and a control unit that controls alignment of the device optical system with respect to the eye to be inspected, the control unit is provided when the predetermined fixation target is visible to the eye. The ophthalmologic apparatus is configured to make the alignment controllable state with respect to the observed portion.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of the fixation targets are arranged at one point on the optical axis and radially with respect to the optical axis.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, when the eye to be inspected approaches the objective lens of the optical system of the apparatus by a predetermined distance, the control circuit turns on only one of the plurality of fixation targets and fixes the remaining fixation target. It is characterized by turning off the target.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fixation target optical system having a plurality of fixation targets, wherein the fixation target is arranged at a position conjugate with an observed portion of an eye to be inspected, and an apparatus optical system. In an ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a control unit configured to perform alignment control on the eye to be inspected, the control unit controls the alignment index to a state in which an alignment index can be projected on the eye to be inspected when the predetermined fixation target is visible to the eye to be inspected. It is characterized by doing.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an alignment switch that is pressed to operate the control means when the alignment control is possible.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a fundus camera GK for photographing (capturing) a fundus image to be processed in the present invention.
1 shows an example of a main part of an optical system of (imaging device), an illumination optical system A for illuminating a fundus of an eye to be inspected, an observation / imaging optical system B for observing or photographing the fundus of the eye to be inspected, Optimal eye fixation target optical system C, internal display optical system D, alignment optical system E for coarse alignment that guides the fundus of the optometry and roughly guides the optical axis of the observation / imaging optical system to the target observation / imaging site.
Have.

Illumination Optical System A The illumination optical system A has an observation illumination optical system and a photographing illumination optical system.

This photographing illumination optical system includes a photographing light source 1, a condenser lens 2, a ring diaphragm 5, and a relay lens 3.
6, an oblique mirror 37, a relay lens 8, a perforated mirror 9, and an objective lens 10. The observation illumination optical system includes an observation light source 6, a condenser lens 7, an oblique half mirror 4 arranged between the condenser lens 7 and the ring diaphragm 5, and an optical system from the ring diaphragm 5 to the objective lens 10. Have members.

The light beam emitted from the photographing light source 1 passes through the condenser lens 2 and then the oblique half mirror 4 is inserted.
Is reflected by the ring-shaped diaphragm 5 to illuminate it. On the other hand, the light from the photographing light source 6 passes through the condenser lens 7 and the oblique half mirror 4 and illuminates the ring-shaped diaphragm 5.

The light transmitted through these ring-shaped diaphragms 5 is
After passing through the relay lens 36, the oblique mirror 37, and the relay lens 8, it reaches the perforated mirror 9 obliquely provided on the optical axis of the objective lens 10, and is reflected by the perforated mirror 9 in the direction of the objective lens 10. The eye fundus of the eye 11 to be inspected is illuminated through the objective lens 10.

Observation / Photographing Optical System B The observation / photographing optical system B has a film photographing system and a monitor observation system.

The film photographing system B has an objective lens 10, a focusing lens 12, an image forming lens 13, and a field stop 22. The field stop 22 regulates the field shape on the film 14. Then, the light flux reflected by the fundus of the eye 11 to be inspected is the objective lens 10 and the central hole 9 of the perforated mirror 9.
After passing through a, the light travels along the optical axis of the objective lens 10, and the focusing lens 12 and the imaging lens 1 provided on this optical axis.
3, the fundus image of the eye to be inspected is formed on the surface of the film 14 which is conjugate with the fundus.

It should be noted that a still video area CCD may be provided in place of the film 14.

The monitor observation system includes an objective lens 10, a focusing lens 12, an imaging lens 13, a quick return mirror 15, a field lens 16, an oblique mirror 17, a relay lens 18, and an area CCD 19a (detection means) of a TV camera 19. Have. The area CCD is set to be conjugate with the fundus oculi Ef.

The quick return mirror 15 is
It is arranged so that it is placed at the position indicated by the solid line during observation and retracted to the position indicated by the broken line during photography. Therefore, at the time of observation, the image of the fundus due to the light flux reflected from the fundus is obtained by the field lens 1.
An image of the fundus is formed on 6.

The fundus image formed on the field lens is guided by the oblique mirror 17 and the relay lens 18.
An image is formed on the area CCD 19a (detection means) of the TV camera 19.

The image signal from the area CCD 19a of the TV camera 19 is displayed as a fundus image as a visible image on the screen of the monitor TV 21 (display means) via the arithmetic control circuit 20 as control means.

Fixation Target Optical System C The fixation target optical system C includes the objective lens 10 to the imaging lens 1
Optical components up to 3, a half mirror 23 disposed between the imaging lens 13 and the quick return mirror 15,
It has a mask 24 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) for a fixation target, which is arranged conjugate with the fundus Ef of the eye 11 to be inspected.

A central small hole 24a, which is a fixation target, is formed in the center of the mask 24, and a plurality of small holes 24b are formed at positions equidistant in the radial direction from the center of the mask 24. Further, at the positions corresponding to the small holes 24a and 24b, the light emitting diodes 25 and 26 as the light source for the fixation target are provided.
Are arranged respectively.

Illumination light from the light emitting diodes 25 and 26 passes through the small holes 24a and 24b, the half mirror 23, the imaging lens 13, the focusing lens 12, the central hole 9a of the perforated mirror 9, and the objective lens 10. Is projected onto the fundus Ef.
As a result, in the fundus Ef, the small holes 24a, 2 which are fixation targets are provided.
4b is imaged.

Internal Display Optical System D The internal display optical system D includes optical components from the objective lens 10 to the half mirror 23, the half mirror 23 and the mask 24.
It has a half mirror 27 arranged between and, and an internal display element 28 arranged conjugate with the fundus Ef of the eye 11 to be inspected. As the internal display element 28, a combination of a mark-shaped mask such as a circle or ok indicating completion of alignment and a light source such as a light emitting diode can be used.

Alignment Optical System E The alignment optical system E includes an alignment light source 40, a mask 41, a lens 42, a perforated mirror 9 and a focusing lens 12.
It has a quick return mirror 43 disposed between and. The mask 41 includes two small holes 4 that are conjugate with the anterior segment of the eye to be examined.
1a (only one shown) is used as an alignment target.

Camera Drive Control System The above-mentioned optical system is built in a camera case (camera body) not shown, and this camera case is controlled to move up and down by a three-dimensional drive device 29. In this three-dimensional drive device 29, an X table movable in the X direction is arranged on a fixed base, a Y table movable in the Y direction is arranged on the X table, and the X and Y tables are arranged. Each of them is provided with a pulse motor so that it can be driven forward and backward in the X and Y directions, and a lifting drive mechanism driven by the pulse motor is provided on the Y table. A well-known structure can be used for such a three-dimensional drive device 29.
The three-dimensional driving device 29 is driven and controlled by the arithmetic control circuit 20.

Moreover, the arithmetic control circuit 20 controls the observation light source 1, the photographing light source 6, the light emitting diodes 25, 26, etc. through the light emission control circuit 30, and also drives the focusing lens. The motor 31 is driven and controlled.

Signals from the photographing switch 32, the alignment start switch 33, the mode changeover switch 34, the manual operation means 35, etc. are input to the arithmetic control circuit 20. The mode changeover switch 34 is adapted to perform mode switching such as an examiner operation mode (semi-automatic), an examinee operation mode, and a manual mode.

As the manual operation means 35, front and rear, left and right,
It is also possible to use a switch in which the upper and lower operation switches are provided so that the three-dimensional drive device 29 can be operated via the control circuit 20. Further, as the manual operation means 35, a joystick device (not shown) for operating the X and Y table motors of the three-dimensional drive device 29 via the control circuit 20, and a switch for vertically driving operation (not shown). ) And the like. Such manual operation means 35 are provided for the subject and the examiner, respectively.

Next, the function of the control circuit 20 will be described.

Manual operation mode of the examinee When the manual operation mode of the examinee is selected by the mode changeover switch 34, the control circuit 20 controls the operation of the three-dimensional driving device 29 when the manual operation means 35 is operated to make the camera body three-dimensional. The drive is controlled in the direction.

In such a mode, the subject places his / her chin on a chin rest (not shown) arranged on the front side of the camera body and puts his forehead on the forehead, and the photographing light source 1 and the light source for the fixation target. With the light-emitting diodes 25 and 26 being lit, the manual operation means 35 is operated to control the operation of the three-dimensional drive device 29 by the arithmetic and control circuit 20, and the camera body is operated to move forward, backward, left and right, and up and down.

By this operation, as shown in FIG. 4, when the eye 11 to be inspected is located at the position 11a and reaches the optical path of the small hole 24b which is the fixation target of the fixation target optical system C, the eye 11 to be inspected The small hole 24b is projected on the fundus Ef so that the small hole 24b can be visually recognized by the eye 11 to be inspected.

Therefore, the manual operation means 35 is further operated to control the operation of the three-dimensional drive device 29 by the arithmetic control circuit 20, and the camera body is operated to move forward, backward, leftward and rightward, and upward and downward, so that all the small holes 24a, 24b are obtained. The rough alignment is completed by operating to a position where is visible.

On the other hand, when the examiner turns on the alignment start switch 33 to manually start while the small hole 24b is visually recognized by the eye 11 to be examined,
The ON signal is input to the arithmetic control circuit 20.

When the arithmetic control circuit 20 receives the ON signal from the alignment start switch 33, it turns on the alignment light source 40 and arranges the quick return mirror 43 in the observing / photographing optical system B to set the alignment index. The two small holes 41a (only one of which is shown) of the mask 41, which is a lens 42, the quick return mirror 4
3, Projecting on the anterior segment of the eye to be examined via the objective lens 10.
In the present embodiment, after the rough alignment is completed, the subject turns on the alignment start switch 33 to manually start the fine alignment. However, the rough alignment completion state is detected by the optical detection means. The fine alignment may be automatically started based on the detection signal from this detection means.

The alignment index image and the image of the anterior segment of the subject's eye projected on the anterior segment of the subject's eye are imaged on the area CCD 19a via the observation / photographing optical system B, and the area CCD 19
The image signal from a is input to the monitor television 21 via the control circuit 20, and an alignment index image is displayed on the monitor television 21.

Moreover, when the arithmetic control circuit 20 receives the ON signal from the alignment start switch 33, it disconnects the manual operation means 35 from the three-dimensional driving device 29 and immediately before receiving the ON signal. 29 movements,
And the address of the small hole 41a imaged in the area CCD 19a, etc., the three-dimensional driving device 29 is driven and controlled in a direction in which the optical axis of the eye 11 to be examined coincides with the optical axis of the observation / imaging optical system B. Fine alignment with the fundus of the eye.

In this state, a focusing optical system (not shown) projects a focusing index on the fundus Ef, and the examiner drives the focusing lens 12 while observing the focusing index image on the monitor TV 21. , The fundus Ef is focused.

After the focusing is completed, the examiner sets the photographing switch 32.
After the quick return mirror 15 is removed from the optical path as indicated by the broken line by operating, the operation of the light emission control circuit 30 is controlled by the arithmetic control circuit 20 to control the light emission of the photographing light source 6. Thereby, the illumination light from the photographing light source 6 is projected onto the fundus Ef via the illumination optical system A, and the fundus image by the reflected light from this fundus Ef is imaged on the film 14 via the observation / photographing optical system B. Then, the fundus image is photographed.

Since the focus index imaged on the fundus oculi Ef is displayed together with the fundus image on the monitor television 21 via the area CCD 19a, the focus index is focused from the address of the focus index imaged on the area CCD 19a. The state can also be detected. In this case, the arithmetic and control circuit 20 may turn on the internal display element 28 to notify the subject of the completion of focusing and prepare the subject for imaging.

Further, by detecting and notifying the in-focus state in this way, a good image can be taken even if the subject operates the image-taking switch 32, and automatic image-taking is performed by detecting the in-focus state. It can also be done.

Inspector operation mode When the inspector operation mode is selected by the mode selector switch 34, in this mode, the control circuit 20 controls the operation of the three-dimensional driving device 29 when the manual operation means 35 for the inspector is operated. The main body is driven and controlled in the three-dimensional direction.
In this mode, as in the subject operation mode, the arithmetic and control circuit 20 can be controlled to perform automatic and manual operations.

It is not always necessary to provide this examiner mode, and in this case the monitor television 21 can be omitted.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, in the first embodiment, the eye to be inspected is placed at “a position where the central small hole 24a (fixation target) of the fixation target optical system C provided for coarse alignment can be easily captured or a position in the vicinity thereof”. This is an example in which an optical system F for rough alignment for guiding is provided.

This optical system F includes a light source 50, a mask 51,
The lens 52, the objective lens 10, and the quick return mirror 53 that is detachably provided between the perforated mirror 9 are provided in this order.

At the time of rough alignment, the quick return mirror 53 is inserted in the optical path to turn on the light source 50. As a result, the light from the light source 50 that has passed through the mask 51 is transmitted through the lens 52, the quick return mirror 53,
The image is projected on the subject side through the objective lens 10. At this time, a parallel light flux is projected from the objective lens 10 on the side of the subject by the action of the lens 52 and the objective lens 10, and the chin rest (not shown) is reached to a position where the subject can visually recognize the parallel light flux.
Drive operation.

After the collimated light beam can be visually recognized, the quick return mirror 53 is removed from the optical path and the same operation as in the first embodiment is performed.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention, the control means is configured to be capable of alignment control for the observed portion when the detecting means detects the fixation target. , In this state, the examiner or the subject operates the alignment switch to start the alignment operation, or the alignment is automatically started when the alignment control becomes possible. By setting the alignment, the alignment work can be automatically performed without imposing a burden on the subject.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a first embodiment of an optical system of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the mask for fixation target shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a drive control circuit diagram of the ophthalmologic apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation of the optical system shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a second embodiment of the optical system of the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11 ... Eye to be inspected 19a ... Area CCD (detection means) 20 ... Arithmetic control circuit (control means) 21 ... Monitor TV (display means) 24a, 24b ... Small hole (fixation target) 28 ... Internal display element 29 ... Three-dimensional drive Device (three-dimensional driving means) 31 ... Focusing lens driving motor (lens driving means) 33 ... Alignment start switch 41a ... Small hole (alignment index) C ... Fixation target optical system Ef ... Fundus (observed part)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A fixation target optical system having a fixation target, wherein the fixation target is arranged at a position conjugate with an observed portion of an eye to be inspected, and alignment control of an apparatus optical system to the eye to be inspected. In an ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a control unit, the control unit, when the predetermined fixation target is in a state that can be visually recognized by an eye to be inspected, makes the alignment controllable state with respect to the observed portion. apparatus. 2. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the fixation targets are arranged at one point on the optical axis and radially with respect to the optical axis. 3. The control circuit, when the eye to be inspected comes close to the objective lens of the apparatus optical system by a predetermined distance, turns off only one of the plurality of fixation targets and turns off the other fixation targets. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: 4. A fixation target optical system having a plurality of fixation targets, wherein the fixation target is arranged at a position conjugate with an observed portion of an eye to be inspected, and alignment control of the apparatus optical system with respect to the eye to be inspected. In an ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: a control unit for controlling the alignment target, wherein the control unit controls an alignment index to be projectable on the eye to be inspected when the predetermined fixation target is visible to the eye to be inspected. Ophthalmic device to do. 5. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising an alignment switch which is pressed to operate the control means when the alignment control is possible.