JPH0675637U - Machine tool safety guard - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To obtain a safety guard for machine tools with a simple structure that does not require a large occupied space around and does not impair workability such as setting pallets on a magazine table. [Structure] An integrated guard panel that surrounds the entire front surface and at least part of both side surfaces of the pallet loading / unloading stage of the automatic pallet changer attached to the machine tool body, and double-ended bearings arranged at both ends of the side surface portion of the guard panel Part, both side bearing parts have vertical guide shafts that penetrate vertically and are arranged on the stage side, and the guard panel is manually pulled down when changing the pallet. A front guide shaft having its upper and lower parts fixed to the front portion of the guard panel, a front bearing portion penetrating the front guide shaft and arranged on the stage side, and a front portion arranged on the front portion of the stage so that the lower part of the guard panel faces upward. A hoist type weight balancer device for urging the guard panel to reduce the weight load on the guard panel.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a safety guard for a machine tool, and in particular for shielding the pallet loading / unloading stage of an automatic pallet changer (pallet table magazine) attached to the machine tool from the surroundings during the pallet transport operation of the magazine. It is about the safety guard of.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 In recent years, safety regulations have become strict, especially for machine tools, and many machine tools are equipped with a safety guard to shield the working part from the surroundings during automatic operation of the machine.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a conventional safety guard in a pallet table magazine of a machine tool. In the figure, on the front surface of the machine tool body 1, there is attached a pallet table magazine 2 which allows a plurality of pallet tables to circulate in a horizontal posture along a fixed rotation path. A pallet (not shown) on which a work is set up in advance is set and the pallet is automatically exchanged with the machine tool body 1.

The work of loading and unloading the pallet on which the workpiece is placed in the pallet table magazine 2 is carried out by the operator at the pallet loading / unloading work stage 3 set on the upper surface of the magazine. It is done by attaching and detaching to 4.

In this case, since the magazine table 4 is dangerous while moving, the work stage 3 is surrounded by safety guard doors 5 on the front, rear, and side surfaces. The guard door 5 can be manually opened and closed horizontally by a handle 6 in a double door type. The pallet table magazine 2 is provided with an emergency stop switch 7.

In the machine tool configured as described above, when the workpiece is carried into the machine tool body 1, the operator first opens the safety guard door 5, and the pallet in which the workpiece is preliminarily set up is loaded into the magazine 2 Set on Table 4 of. Then, after closing all the safety guard doors 5, the magazine 2 is operated, and the pallet on the table 4 is taken into the machine tool body 1 by its automatic operation, and the workpiece is placed at the predetermined position of the machine tool body 1. Send to.

On the other hand, when the pallet on which the workpiece is placed is sent to the machine tool body 1, the magazine table 4 that has carried the pallet is emptied. The pallet on which the processed work is placed is delivered, and this pallet passes through the reverse path and returns to the loading / unloading work stage 3 side surrounded by the safety guard door 5 of the pallet table magazine 2 so that the worker can enter the safety guard door. 5 can be opened and taken out.

In this way, the operation of the pallet table magazine 2 is carried out with the safety guard door 5 closed, so that the operator can place a hand on the pallet table magazine 2 when setting or removing the pallet on the table 4. The safety of the work is ensured without getting involved.

[0009]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 In the conventional safety guard for a machine tool configured as described above, when the workpiece is set up on the pallet and set on the magazine table 4 of the pallet table magazine 2, and the processed workpiece that has been processed from there. Since it is necessary to open the safety guard door 5 in a double-door manner when taking out the pallet on which an object is placed, it is only necessary to open the safety guard door 5 around the pallet loading / unloading stage of the pallet table magazine 2. It has the disadvantage that it requires space and occupies a large area of machine tools.

If the safety guard door 5 is made to be a sliding door type in order to solve this disadvantage, the surrounding space becomes smaller, but in the case of a sliding door, the opening area becomes smaller by the size of the door bag, so the pallet on which the workpiece is placed is reduced. There was a disadvantage that the workability when setting or removing the on the table deteriorates.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, does not require a large occupied space in the surroundings, and does not impair the workability such as setting the pallet on the magazine table. This is a safety guard for machine tools that is easy to operate, and at the same time can be operated easily and lightly, while still being able to take electrical safety measures with the pallet transport operation of the automatic pallet changer. Aim to get.

[0012]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, a safety guard for a machine tool according to the invention as set forth in claim 1 is provided with at least the entire front surface and both side surfaces of a pallet loading / unloading work stage of an automatic pallet changing device attached to the machine tool body. An integral guard panel surrounding each part, bearings at both ends arranged at both ends of the side surface of the guard panel, and both side guide shafts vertically extending through the bearings at both ends and arranged on the stage side in the vertical direction. In a safety guard for a machine tool, which has a guard panel that is manually pulled down when replacing the palette, a front guide shaft having its upper and lower parts fixed to the front portion of the guard panel, and the front guide shaft. A front bearing portion that penetrates the shaft and is disposed on the stage side, and a front bearing portion that is disposed on the front portion of the stage and urges the lower portion of the guard panel upward to move the guard pad. And a hoist type weight balancer device for reducing the weight load of the flannel.

The safety guard for a machine tool according to a second aspect of the present invention is the safety guard for a machine tool according to the first aspect, which is manually releasable to prevent the guard panel from descending and descending at an elevated position. It has a special stopper.

A safety guard for a machine tool according to a third aspect of the present invention is the safety guard for a machine tool according to any one of the first and second aspects, wherein the automatic palette changing device is It has a limit switch that detects the position of the guard panel for interlocking between the pallet transport operation and the ascending / descending operation of the guard panel.

[0015]

[Action]

 In the present invention, during the pallet transfer operation of the automatic pallet changer, the guard panel is raised to shield the pallet loading / unloading work stage from the surroundings to ensure safety. When carrying in and out the pallet on the work stage, the guard panel is set to the lowered position, and the upper edge of the guard panel is lowered to a level lower than the work stage. The vertical movement of the guard panel is achieved by balancing the self-weight of the guard panel with a mass balancer device such as a spring to reduce the weight, and the guard panel can be moved vertically by manual operation.

A large guard panel that surrounds the entire front surface and at least a part of both side surfaces is constrained in the left and right direction by the front guide shaft and the front bearing portion in addition to the usual both end portions. It Here, the front guide shaft and the front bearing have an opposite relationship to the support structure (both ends bearing and both ends guide shaft) of both ends of the guard panel. Do not project upward from the stage.

Further, also in the weight balancer device, since the lower part of the guard panel is lifted up to almost the stage height (at the time of interruption), similarly, when the guard panel is pulled down, it does not project upward from the stage.

Further, the center of gravity of the large-sized guard panel that surrounds the entire front surface and at least part of both side surfaces is biased toward the front side, but the weight balancer device urges the front surface portion of the guard panel upward. Therefore, the torsional force due to the deviation of the center of gravity of the guard panel hardly acts on the bearing structure (both bearings and both guide shafts) at both ends.

Therefore, it is sufficient for the guard panel used here to have low strength and rigidity with respect to lateral deformation, and it is also sufficient for the bearing portions at both ends and the guide shafts at both ends to have a light load capacity.

The guard panel that has reached the raised position is reliably locked in the raised position by a manually releasable stopper such as a movable notch. The limit switch detects the rising and falling end positions of the guard panel, and the detection signal is used to interlock the operation of the automatic pallet changer. This prevents the automatic pallet changer from performing the pallet transfer operation when the guard panel does not block the pallet loading / unloading stage.

[0021]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1-4, 7 are exactly the same as the conventional example shown in FIG. Reference numeral 5a denotes a safety guard composed of a U-shaped panel. This safety guard 5a is provided on the side surface of the machine tool main body 1 in a pallet table magazine 2 on three sides of the front, side, and rear sides of the pallet loading / unloading stage 3. It is integrally formed to surround the.

As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, the side view of FIG. 3, and the front view of FIG. 4 viewed from the direction of the arrow A of FIG. 2, respectively, the pallet table magazine 2 near the machine tool main body column is shown. A pair of guide rods 9 mounted vertically on the base part are slidably combined with a bearing part 10 mounted on the safety guard 5a side to form guide parts 8 at both ends. The guide rod 12 mounted vertically in the intermediate portion of the cord 5a is slidably combined with the bearing portion 13 mounted on the bullet table magazine 2 side to form the intermediate guide portion 11. The safety guard 5a can be smoothly moved up and down by these two guide portions.

A spring balancer (conston) 14 attached to the pallet table magazine 2 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is connected to the safety guard 5a, whereby the safety guard 5a is connected. An upward vane force corresponding to almost its own weight is always applied to 5a, and most of its own weight is canceled when the safety guard 5a rises.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a mechanical stopper, and as shown in detail in FIG. 5, a fixed stopper 16 attached to a side surface of the pallet table magazine 2 and a seesaw-like pivotal attachment to the inner surface of the safety guard 5a. A movable notch 18 that prevents the lowering of the safety guard 5a because the lower end interferes with the stopper 16, and a lower end of the movable notch 18 is elastically urged toward the stopper 16 so that the lower surface of the movable notch 18 is stopped. It comprises a spring 17 for interfering with the upper surface of 16 and a release push button 19 for pressing the upper end of the movable notch 18 from outside the safety guard 5a against the spring 17 to rotate it.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a limit switch mounted at a predetermined height position on the vertical surface of the pallet table magazine 2, and as shown in detail in FIG. 6, is provided with an actuator 21 mounted at the lower end of the safety guard 5a. It is operated by contact to interlock the operation of the magazine 2 and the safety guard 5a.

Now, in such a configuration, the safety guard 5a is in the raised position as shown in FIG. 1 except when the pallet loading / unloading operation is performed on / from the magazine table 4 of the table magazine 2. The stop 15 and the limit switch 20 are also in the operating position as shown in FIGS.

After mounting the work piece on the pallet at a predetermined position and orientation outside the machine tool and setting it up, the work piece is loaded and set on the table 4 by the pallet loading / unloading stage 3 of the table magazine 2. However, at this time, first, the push button 19 of the mechanical stopper 15 is pushed to rotate the movable notch 18 to release the engagement between the movable notch 18 and the stopper 16, and then the safety guard 5a is lowered by the handle 6.

At this time, the actuator 21 is separated from the limit switch 20, the limit switch 20 is turned off, and an interlock signal for instructing the table transfer prohibition of the pallet magazine 2 is sent to a control device (not shown). By this lowering operation of the safety guard 5a, the upper edge of the safety guard 5a is lowered below the pallet loading / unloading work stage surface of the pallet table magazine 2 and the stage 3 appears.

Therefore, the pallet on which the workpieces that have already been set up are placed is set on the magazine table 4 on the stage 3 and carried into the apparatus. On the other hand, when a pallet, on which the processed workpiece is placed from the machine tool side, is placed on another table 4 on the stage of the magazine 2, it is carried out from the device.

When the above-mentioned loading or unloading work is completed, the operator manually raises the safety guard 5 a with the handle 6. When the safety guard 5a is raised, the safety guard 5a is smoothly moved and guided by the guide portions 8 and 11, and the spring balancer 14 cancels most of the weight of the safety guard 5a by its spring force. The manual raising operation of the safety guard 5a can be performed easily and lightly.

When the safety guard 5 a is raised, the movable notch 18 of the mechanical stopper 15 interferes with the stopper 16 from below immediately before reaching the ascending end, whereby the movable notch 18 rotates against the spring 17. It passes while sliding on the surface of the stopper 16. At the same time when the safety guard 5a reaches the rising end, the movable notch 18 passes over the stopper 16, and the movable notch 18 is returned by the spring 17 so that the lower end thereof protrudes, and the lower surface of the movable notch 18 becomes the stopper 16. Engage with the top surface. Therefore, the safety guard 5a is prevented from descending by the mechanical stopper 15, and the raised position can be maintained even when the hand is released.

On the other hand, when the safety guard 5a reaches the rising end, the actuator 21 attached to the safety guard 5a comes into contact with the limit switch 20 to turn on the limit switch 20 and send an interlock signal for prohibiting the transportation of the magazine table 4. To release. By releasing this interlock signal, the table 4 can be transferred into the magazine for automatic exchange with the machine tool body 1 by the transfer operation of the pallet table magazine 2.

In this way, the magazine table 4 can be transported and moved only when the safety guard 5a is raised and surrounds the circumference of the pallet loading / unloading work stage, and safety can be ensured.

In the above embodiment, the case where the pallet loading / unloading operation table 3 of the pallet table magazine 2 is surrounded by the safety guards 5a in three directions has been described, but as shown in FIG. The side surface of the table may be a fixed guard 5d, and plate-like safety guards 5b and 5c that can move up and down individually may be provided in two directions of the front surface and the rear surface.

That is, by providing the movable safety guards 5b and 5c respectively on the front and rear surface portions of the work stage of the pallet table magazine 2, it is possible to reduce the weight of the safety guard that is manually moved up and down at one time. It is also possible to move the safety guard up and down only for the necessary parts separately for the work of pallet loading and unloading.

[0036]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, this invention is provided with a safety guard that moves up and down along the guide part around the pallet loading / unloading stage in the automatic pallet changer for machine tools. No extra space is required around the safety guard like the other safety guards, the machine tool can occupy a small area and the surrounding floor can be effectively used, and the structure is simple and therefore there are few failures. It can provide a safety guard.

Further, since the safety guard is balanced by the mass balancer, the safety guard can be moved up and down lightly, and the operation is easy.

Further, safety guards can be provided on a plurality of surfaces around the pallet loading / unloading work stage so as to be integrated. In this case, the safety guards on the surfaces in a plurality of directions can be opened and closed at once, thus improving workability Can be made.

Further, a safety guard that moves up and down can be provided on each of a plurality of surfaces of the pallet loading / unloading work stage so that it can be independently moved up and down. In this case, the safety guard that is operated at one time is lightweight. Can be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an essential part showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an essential part showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of an essential part showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view corresponding to the direction of arrow A in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial side view showing details of a mechanical stopper.

FIG. 6 is a side view of most of the details of the limit switch portion.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an essential part showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a main part showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Machine tool body 2: Pallet table magazine 3: Pallet loading / unloading work stage 4: Magazine table 5a-5c: Safety guard 6: Handle 8, 11: Guide part 14: Spring balancer 15: Mechanical stopper 16: Fixed stopper 17 : Spring 18: Movable notch 19: Push button 20: Limit switch

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An integrated guard panel surrounding the entire front surface and at least a part of both side surfaces of a pallet loading / unloading stage of an automatic pallet changing device attached to a machine tool body, and at both ends of a side surface portion of the guard panel. It has both-sided bearing parts arranged and both-side guide shafts vertically extending through the both-end bearing parts and arranged on the stage side so that the guard panel can be manually pulled down when the pallet is replaced. In the safety guard of the machine tool described above, a front guide shaft whose upper and lower sides are fixed to a front portion of the guard panel, a front bearing portion which is disposed on the stage side through the front guide shaft, and a front portion of the stage. And a hoist type weight balancer device that is arranged to urge the lower part of the guard panel upward to reduce the weight load of the guard panel. Safety guard of machine tools and features. 2. The safety guard for a machine tool according to claim 1, further comprising a manually releasable stopper that prevents the guard panel from being lowered in a raised position. 3. A limit switch for detecting the position of the guard panel for interlocking the pallet conveying operation of the automatic pallet changing device and the ascending / descending operation of the guard panel. The machine tool safety guard according to any one of 2.