JPH067745A - 超音波エネルギによる加工方法及び超音波加工装置 - Google Patents
超音波エネルギによる加工方法及び超音波加工装置Info
- Publication number
- JPH067745A JPH067745A JP11539393A JP11539393A JPH067745A JP H067745 A JPH067745 A JP H067745A JP 11539393 A JP11539393 A JP 11539393A JP 11539393 A JP11539393 A JP 11539393A JP H067745 A JPH067745 A JP H067745A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- horn
- ultrasonic
- work piece
- power
- control signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
- B06B1/0223—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time
- B06B1/0238—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave
- B06B1/0246—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave with a feedback signal
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- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
- B06B1/0223—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time
- B06B1/0238—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave
- B06B1/0246—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave with a feedback signal
- B06B1/0253—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time of a single frequency, e.g. a sine-wave with a feedback signal taken directly from the generator circuit
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/114—Single butt joints
- B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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- B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
- B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/30223—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/922—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9221—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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- B29C66/922—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/9231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by measuring the displacement of the joining tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/92441—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time
- B29C66/92443—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power the pressure, the force or the mechanical power being non-constant over time following a pressure-time profile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
- B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
- B29C66/9292—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. pressure diagrams
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/9513—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration frequency values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators
- G10K11/025—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators horns for impedance matching
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- B06B2201/70—Specific application
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
- B29C66/944—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time by controlling or regulating the time
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
- B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
上し、加工装置の耐久性を向上する改良された超音波エ
ネルギによる加工方法及び加工装置を提供する。 【構成】 加工片へ超音波エネルギを伝達するためのホ
ーンが電気音響変換器に接続され、電源より与えられる
電力により作動される如き超音波加工装置に於て、加工
片へ伝達される超音波パワー、加工片の寸法変化、所定
の時間或いは他の加工パラメータに応答して、加工中に
加工片へ伝達される超音波パワーが変化される。
Description
加工片を加工するための方法及び装置に係り、特に超音
波周波数領域の振動エネルギを用いて熱可塑性加工片を
加工することにより、熱可塑性のフィルム、布材料並び
に実質的に剛固な加工片の接合、密封又は溶接を行うた
めの方法及び装置に係る。一層詳細には、本発明は、加
工工程時間中に加工片に接触する超音波共振ホーンの運
動振幅が変化され、よってかかる時間中にホーンより加
工片へ伝達されるパワーが変化される方法及び装置に関
する。
溶接したりフィルムや織物を密封することは周知であ
る。一般に、加工片はアンヴィル上に支持される。ホー
ンが、それを通って長手方向に進行する所定の周波数の
高周波振動に対する半波長共振器として共振するような
寸法にされており、かかるホーンは或る期間に亙り加工
片へ押付けられ、該ホーンが共振していることに応答し
て超音波エネルギが加工片へ伝達され加工片の熱可塑性
物質を軟化せしめ流動せしめる。超音波エネルギの流れ
が停止すると、軟化及び流動した物質は硬化し、かくし
て接合又は溶接が達成する。
幅、即ち加工片に接触するホーンの前面のピークからピ
ークまでの機械行程を、ホーンが共振し加工片へパワー
の伝達を行う時間全体に亙って一定に保持することが一
般的であった。本発明は、ホーンの運動振幅、及びそれ
により伝達される超音波パワーが制御信号に応答して加
工工程時間中に変更されるような構成及び方法を開示す
るものである。制御信号は例えばホーンより加工片へ伝
達されるパワーの変化、又は加工工程に関連した加工片
の寸法の変化、又は加工工程に関連したタイミング信
号、或いは他の加工工程に関連したパラメータに応答す
るものであってよい。
は、1990年11月27日付米国特許第4,973,
876号に開示されている改良された電源に係る発明を
更に発展させて得られたものであり、かかる米国特許は
特に本明細書中に組込まれるものとする。かかる電源
は、ホーンの運動振幅を他のパラメータから独立して調
節する制御手段を含んでいる。
いる時間中に於けるホーンの運動振幅の変化は、加工片
を溶接する場合によりよい結果を生み、また例えば熱可
塑性のフィルム及び布材料をプランジ密封し切断する場
合など、ホーンの前面が金属アンヴィルを殴打する状態
に於て特に、器具の摩耗を低減する。
音波エネルギを適用することにより熱可塑性の加工片を
加工する改良された方法を提供することである。
に押付けられている超音波振動ホーンの運動振幅を加工
時間中に変化させる装置を提供することである。
音波エネルギにより加工片を加工し加工工程に関連する
制御信号に応答して加工片に伝達されるパワーを変化さ
せる方法を提供することである。
よれば、半波長共振器として機械的に共振するよう構成
されたホーンが超音波エネルギを伝達すべく一定期間に
亙って加工片に押付けられる加工方法にして、前記一定
期間の間に発せられた制御信号に応答して前記ホーンよ
り前記加工片に伝達されるパワーを変化させることを特
徴とする超音波エネルギによる加工方法により達成さ
れ、また、電源がホーンを備えた電気音響変換器へ超音
波周波数範囲の電気エネルギを供給し、前記ホーンが前
面にて加工片に係合すべく構成され前記加工片に押付け
られ共振するときにパワーを超音波周波数範囲の機械的
信号の形態にて前記加工片に伝達するよう構成された超
音波加工装置にして、前記加工片へ伝達されるパワー、
前記加工片の寸法の変化、所定の時間、或いは他の加工
パラメータに関連する制御信号を前記電源へ供給するこ
とにより加工工程中に前記ホーンの運動振幅を変化せし
める手段を有する超音波加工装置、により達成される。
照しつつ、本発明をより詳細に説明することにより一層
明らかにされるであろう。
プランジ式の超音波による密封及び切断作業に於てホー
ンより加工片へ与えられるパワーのグラフが示されてい
る。かかる作業に於ては、二つの熱可塑性のフィルム又
は布材料が互いに重ね合されて金属アンヴィル上に設置
され、ホーンが加工片の外表面に押付けられ二つの層を
貫通して切断しそれらの層を周囲の原材料より分離する
と共に切断縁に沿って二つの層を溶接することを一度に
行う。典型的な例は円形のフィルタパッドの製造であ
る。ホーンが加工片に所定の力で接触すると、ホーンは
共振状態にされ超音波エネルギが加工片に伝達され、か
くして加工時間が開始する。幾らかの時間が経過した
後、ホーンが加工片を切断する際にホーンは金属アンヴ
ィルに接触し、アンヴィルの音響インピーダンスが低い
こと及び加工片のエネルギ散逸が低減されたことの結果
としてパワーの流れは曲線1で示される如く急激に上昇
する。かかる金属対金属の接触の発生は符号2により示
される。パワーは一般に予め設定された時間の終りまで
上昇する。
ンの反復性の高周波衝撃及びホーンのやや擦るような動
作により衝突するアンヴィル及びホーンの表面は比較的
急速に摩耗するので、表面を早期に磨き直すか或いはホ
ーン及びアンヴィルを取替える必要が生じる。典型的に
は、ホーンの前面に溝が形成されアンヴィルの刃形の切
断面が鈍くなる。
示される如きパワー伝達の上昇に応答し、点4にて示さ
れる金属対金属の接触に対応して制御信号が発せられ、
かかる制御信号によりホーンの運動振幅が低減され、よ
って伝達されるパワーが低減される。かくして残りの切
断及び密封サイクルに於て供給されるパワーは抑制され
る。かかるパワーの低減は、ホーンの前面及びアンヴィ
ルの突出した切断面に現れる機械的摩耗を大幅に低減す
る。
つの重ね合された層を溶接することによりフィルタを生
産する場合に於けるパワー対時間のグラフを示す。曲線
5は図1に示される曲線と類似している。フィルタ原料
が溶解するにつれ、良好な接合状態6aと過度に溶解し
た状態6bとの間の急激な移行が顕著に現れる。パワー
曲線5に於ては、よい製品を得るための時間幅が非常に
狭い。
態に達したことを示す時点に於て、符号7aにて示され
る如くホーンの運動振幅が低減され、これによりよい製
品を生産するための時間幅、即ち7aと7bの間の距離
が拡大される状況を示している。一旦材料が溶解状態に
達すると、パワーを増大する必要はないことは明らかで
ある。加工サイクルを完了するには比較的低いパワーレ
ベルで十分である。
塑性加工片の溶接工程にも適用される。例えば二つの部
分を接合する場合であって、一方の部分が溝を有してお
り、他方の部分が突起を有しており、エネルギ伝導部と
しても知られる該突起が超音波エネルギの散逸に応答し
て溶解し陥落して溶解物質が溝を満す(1986年11
月21日付米国特許第4,618,516号参照)。始
めの熱可塑性物質の軟化及び流動が生じた後は、溶解サ
イクルを完了するに必要なパワーは低減され、よって残
余の溶解サイクルに於てホーンの運動振幅が低減され
る。パワーの低減は、溶接部に於ける空隙の存在及び目
に見えるフラッシュを低減することが観察された。空隙
はキャビテイションにより生じ、溶接の強度を弱める。
上述した如く加工片へ与えられるパワーの大きさに応答
するものであってよく、或いは他の加工パラメータに応
答するものであってもよい。例えば制御信号は溶接サイ
クルに於て経過した所定の時間に応答して発生されてよ
く、或いは加工片組立体の機械的寸法の変化に応答して
発生されてもよい。加工片組立体の寸法は、例えば、機
械的検出手段、光学的検出手段、又は渦電流検出手段に
より検出されてよい(1986年12月23日付米国特
許第4,631,685号参照)。従って、典型的な適
用に於て、伝達されるパワーの低減は、エネルギ伝導部
が50%陥落したことが検出され或いは実験的に確立さ
れた時に実行されてよい。後者の場合には、制御信号は
溶接サイクルに於て経過した時間に応答してよい。
振幅の低減は突然に起る必要はなく、また単一の過程と
して起らなくてもよい。様々な、動的な制御信号が発せ
られてよく、例えば溶接サイクルの開始時にトリガされ
た関数発生器により発生されてよい。この方法により、
連続的に変化するパワー出力を得ることができる。後者
の構成は、特に複雑な加工片を溶接する場合や熱可塑性
物質の組成に起因してプラスチック加工片の溶接が困難
な場合に特に有用である。
に示す。上述した如く、米国特許第4,973,876
号に開示されている電圧調整回路を有する電源(該特許
の図1及び図8参照)は、加工片へ与えられるパワーを
変化させるのに適している。図5を参照すると、電源8
より導線16が電力計20へ伸びており、電力計20は
導線17を通って電気音響変換器18へ供給される電力
を検出する。電気音響変換器18はホーン19に接続さ
れている。コンパレータ及びラッチ回路21が変換器1
8へ与えられるパワーに相当する信号を受ける。調節制
御器22がコンパレータへ可変基準信号を与え、パワー
に相当する信号が基準信号を越えたときにコンパレータ
が出力信号を発生し、該出力信号がラッチ回路にて検知
され制御信号として導線21を経て電源の一部をなす電
圧制御回路500へ供給される。電圧制御回路は前記米
国特許に記載されている如くホーンの運動振幅を変化さ
せる。
的に示す。導線23はセット/リセット信号をクロック
及び信号発生器24へ与え、該クロック及び信号発生器
24は変換器18へのパワーの流れの開始に応答するセ
ット信号により作動される。クロック回路が導線23を
介して信号を受取り調節器25により調節可能な所定の
時刻に達すると、信号発生器が制御信号を導線26を経
て電圧制御回路500へ与え変換器のパワーレベルを変
化させる。パワーの流れる時間の終りに於てパワーの伝
達が停止するときに回路24はリセットされる。
に示される構成と類似している。関数発生器28は導線
27よりの信号を受信することにより始動し、変化する
制御信号を導線29を通って電圧制御回路500へ送
る。
されるべき加工片Wに押付けられているホーン19を示
す。適当な検出手段31が二つの加工片半体を一つに溶
接する間の加工片の寸法変化を検出する。上述の如く、
適当な検出手段は周知の光学的、電気的、音響学的、又
は機械的検出手段より成っている。加工片の寸法が、寸
法に応答する信号を導線32より受ける制御回路33に
より指示される所定値まで変化すると、制御信号が導線
34を通って電源8の電圧制御回路500へ与えられ
る。ここでも、制御信号はホーンの運動振幅を変化さ
せ、よって電源より電気音響変換器、ホーン、及び加工
片へ伝達されるパワーを変化させるべく作用する。
御回路を示す。該特許に於て示されている可変抵抗器5
18による振幅制御は消去され、制御信号を伝える導線
21A、26、29、或いは34に置換えられている。
回路の他の全ての特徴は該特許に記載されている通りで
ある。
るもう一つの適用は、回転ドラム密封構造(例えば19
73年5月15日付米国特許第3,733,238号又
は1987年9月1日付米国特許第4,690,722
号参照)である。かかる適用に於て、関数発生器は好ま
しくはパワー出力を変調すべく変化信号を与える。この
ことは三角波、台形波又は正弦波の制御信号或いは他の
周期的に変化する信号により達成される。
て本発明を説明したが、本発明はかかる実施例に限定さ
れることなく、本発明の範囲内にて他の種々の実施例が
可能であることは当業者にとって明らかであろう。
るパワー対時間を表すグラフである。
を低減することを特徴とする図1と同様のグラフであ
る。
タを生産する場合の図1と同様のグラフである。
が低減される場合のパワー対時間のグラフである。
図である。
ある。
図である。
図である。
Claims (20)
- 【請求項1】半波長共振器として機械的に共振するよう
構成されたホーンが超音波エネルギを伝達すべく一定期
間に亙って加工片に押付けられる加工方法にして、前記
一定期間の間に発せられた制御信号に応答して前記ホー
ンより前記加工片に伝達されるパワーを変化させること
を特徴とする超音波エネルギによる加工方法。 - 【請求項2】請求項1記載の超音波エネルギによる加工
方法にして、前記パワーは前記共振ホーンの運動振幅を
変化させることにより変化されることを特徴とする加工
方法。 - 【請求項3】半波長共振器として機械的に共振するよう
構成されたホーンが超音波エネルギを伝達すべく一定期
間に亙って加工片に押付けられる加工方法にして、前記
一定期間の始めには前記ホーンを第一の運動振幅にて共
振させ、前記一定期間の間に発せられた制御信号に応答
して前記ホーンを第二の運動振幅にて共振させることを
特徴とする超音波エネルギによる加工方法。 - 【請求項4】請求項3記載の超音波エネルギによる加工
方法にして、前記制御信号は前記ホーンより前記加工片
へ伝達される超音波パワーに応答することを特徴とする
加工方法。 - 【請求項5】請求項3記載の超音波エネルギによる加工
方法にして、前記制御信号は前記加工片の機械的な寸法
の変化に応答することを特徴とする加工方法。 - 【請求項6】請求項3記載の超音波エネルギによる加工
方法にして、前記制御信号は前記一定期間の間に発せら
れる時間応答信号に応答することを特徴とする加工方
法。 - 【請求項7】請求項3記載の超音波エネルギによる加工
方法にして、前記第二の運動振幅は前記第一の運動振幅
より小さいことを特徴とする加工方法。 - 【請求項8】請求項3記載の超音波エネルギによる加工
方法にして、前記制御信号は制御パラメータに応答する
ことを特徴とする加工方法。 - 【請求項9】半波長共振器として機械的に共振するよう
構成されたホーンを加工片に押付け前記ホーンが共振す
るときに超音波エネルギを前記加工片へ一定期間に亙っ
て伝達する加工方法にして、 前記ホーンより前記加工片へ伝達されるパワーを測定す
る過程と、 前記パワーが所定値に到達したとき制御信号を発生する
過程と、 前記制御信号により前記ホーンを前記制御信号が発生さ
れる前の共振状態に於ける運動振幅より低い運動振幅に
て共振させる過程と、 前記ホーンの作動を前記一定期間の残りの期間に亙り前
記のより低い運動振幅にて継続させる過程と、を含むこ
とを特徴とする超音波エネルギによる加工方法。 - 【請求項10】請求項9記載の超音波エネルギによる加
工方法にして、前記加工片は熱可塑性物質であり超音波
パワーが伝達されることにより軟化し流動することを特
徴とする加工方法。 - 【請求項11】電源がホーンを備えた電気音響変換器へ
超音波周波数範囲の電気エネルギを供給し、前記ホーン
が前面にて加工片に係合すべく構成され前記加工片に押
付けられ共振するときにパワーを超音波周波数範囲の機
械的振動の形態にて前記加工片に伝達するよう構成され
た超音波加工装置にして、 前記加工片へ伝達されるパワーを検出し、前記加工片へ
伝達されるパワーを変化させるべく伝達されるパワーに
応答する制御信号を前記電源へ供給する手段が設けられ
ていることを特徴とする超音波加工装置。 - 【請求項12】請求項11記載の超音波加工装置にし
て、前記制御信号は前記ホーンの前記前面に表れる運動
振幅を変化せしめることを特徴とする超音波加工装置。 - 【請求項13】請求項12記載の超音波加工装置にし
て、前記制御信号は前記加工片へ伝達されるパワーが所
定値に到達したことに応答し前記運動振幅を低い値に変
化せしめることを特徴とする超音波加工装置。 - 【請求項14】電源がホーンを備えた電気音響変換器へ
超音波周波数範囲の電気エネルギを供給し、前記ホーン
が前面にて加工片に係合すべく構成され前記加工片に押
付けられ共振するときにパワーを超音波周波数範囲の機
械的振動の形態にて前記加工片に伝達するよう構成され
た超音波加工装置にして、 前記加工片の寸法の変化を検出しこれに応答して前記加
工片へ伝達されるパワーを変更すべく前記電源へ制御信
号を供給する手段が設けられていることを特徴とする超
音波加工装置。 - 【請求項15】請求項14記載の超音波加工装置にし
て、前記制御信号は前記ホーンの前記前面に表れる運動
振幅を変化せしめることを特徴とする超音波加工装置。 - 【請求項16】請求項14記載の超音波加工装置にし
て、前記制御信号は或る所定の寸法変化に応答し前記運
動振幅を低い値に変化せしめることを特徴とする超音波
加工装置。 - 【請求項17】電源がホーンを備えた電気音響変換器へ
超音波周波数範囲の電気エネルギを供給し、前記ホーン
が前面にて加工片に係合すべく構成され前記加工片に押
付けられ一定期間に亙って共振するときにパワーを超音
波周波数範囲の機械的振動の形態にて前記加工片に伝達
するよう構成された超音波加工装置にして、 前記一定期間の間に前記電源へ制御信号を与え前記一定
期間に於てそれまで加工片へ伝達されていたパワーを変
化させる時間応答手段が設けられていることを特徴とす
る超音波加工装置。 - 【請求項18】請求項17記載の超音波加工装置にし
て、前記制御信号は前記ホーンの前記前面に表れる運動
振幅を変化せしめることを特徴とする超音波加工装置。 - 【請求項19】請求項17記載の超音波加工装置にし
て、前記制御信号は前記運動振幅を低い値に変化せしめ
ることを特徴とする超音波加工装置。 - 【請求項20】電源がホーンを備えた電気音響変換器へ
超音波周波数範囲の電気エネルギを供給し、前記ホーン
が前面にて加工片に係合すべく構成され前記加工片に押
付けられ共振するときにパワーを超音波周波数範囲の機
械的振動の形態にて一定期間に亙って前記加工片に伝達
するよう構成された超音波加工装置にして、 前記加工片へパワーを伝達することに起因して変化する
パラメータに応答して前記一定期間の継続する間に制御
信号を発生する手段が設けられており、前記制御信号は
前記ホーンの運動振幅を変化せしめ、よって前記一定期
間の残り時間の間に前記加工片へ伝達されるパワーを変
化せしめることを特徴とする超音波加工装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US87169292A | 1992-04-21 | 1992-04-21 | |
| US871692 | 1992-04-21 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH067745A true JPH067745A (ja) | 1994-01-18 |
| JP3686428B2 JP3686428B2 (ja) | 2005-08-24 |
Family
ID=25357931
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11539393A Expired - Lifetime JP3686428B2 (ja) | 1992-04-21 | 1993-04-19 | 超音波エネルギによる溶接方法及び超音波溶接装置 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5435863A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0567426B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3686428B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2094425C (ja) |
| DE (2) | DE567426T1 (ja) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017087363A (ja) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-25 | 株式会社ソノテック | 超音波研磨装置及び超音波研磨方法 |
| KR20210137129A (ko) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-11-17 | 헤르만 울트라샬테흐닉 게엠베하 운트 콤파니 카게 | 소노트로드와 대응 요소의 접촉 형성 또는 차단 검출 방법 |
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| DE10046451A1 (de) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-28 | Spaichingen Gmbh Maschf | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ultraschallschweißen von Werkstücken |
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| DE10161723A1 (de) | 2001-12-15 | 2003-06-26 | Rinco Ultrasonics Ag Romanshor | Sonotrode zum schneidenden oder schweißenden Bearbeiten von Werkstücken und Verfahren zum Betrieb derselben |
| FR2837416B1 (fr) * | 2002-03-25 | 2005-11-25 | Airbus France | Procede de collage par ultrason |
| DE10324094B3 (de) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-09-09 | Schunk Ultraschalltechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zum Verschweißen von Teilen |
| US7285447B2 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2007-10-23 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for imprinting a circuit pattern using ultrasonic vibrations |
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| DE102006020417B4 (de) * | 2006-04-26 | 2008-10-02 | Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Vorrichtung zum Bearbeiten von Werkstücken mittels Ultraschall |
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| DE102007053853A1 (de) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-05-20 | Weber Ultrasonics Gmbh | Ultraschallschweißeinrichtung |
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| DE102008060301B4 (de) | 2008-12-03 | 2012-05-03 | Grenzebach Maschinenbau Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kraftschlüssigen Verbinden von glasartigen Bauteilen mit Metallen sowie Computerprogramm und maschinenlesbarer Träger zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
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| DE102010004468A1 (de) * | 2010-01-13 | 2011-07-14 | Maschinenfabrik Spaichingen GmbH, 78549 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ultraschallbearbeitung |
| WO2012060876A1 (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2012-05-10 | Ultrafab, Inc. | Polyamide (nylon) pile weatherstripping and brush articles ultrasonically reactively bonded to polypropylene |
| DE102012106491A1 (de) * | 2012-07-18 | 2014-01-23 | Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Steuerung eines Ultraschallbearbeitungsprozesses |
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-
1993
- 1993-03-31 DE DE93630029T patent/DE567426T1/de active Pending
- 1993-03-31 DE DE69307179T patent/DE69307179T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-03-31 EP EP19930630029 patent/EP0567426B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-19 JP JP11539393A patent/JP3686428B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-20 CA CA 2094425 patent/CA2094425C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-03-31 US US08/221,047 patent/US5435863A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017087363A (ja) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-05-25 | 株式会社ソノテック | 超音波研磨装置及び超音波研磨方法 |
| KR20210137129A (ko) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-11-17 | 헤르만 울트라샬테흐닉 게엠베하 운트 콤파니 카게 | 소노트로드와 대응 요소의 접촉 형성 또는 차단 검출 방법 |
| JP2022523590A (ja) * | 2019-03-15 | 2022-04-25 | ヘルマン ウルトラシャルテヒニク ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー コマンディトゲゼルシャフト | ソノトロードと対向要素との接触又は離脱を検出する方法 |
| US12222698B2 (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2025-02-11 | Herrmann Ultraschalltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for detecting the making or breaking of contact of a sonotrode with a counter-element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0567426A2 (en) | 1993-10-27 |
| CA2094425A1 (en) | 1993-10-22 |
| EP0567426B1 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
| DE69307179D1 (de) | 1997-02-20 |
| JP3686428B2 (ja) | 2005-08-24 |
| DE69307179T2 (de) | 1997-05-15 |
| DE567426T1 (de) | 1994-02-03 |
| US5435863A (en) | 1995-07-25 |
| CA2094425C (en) | 1996-03-26 |
| EP0567426A3 (en) | 1994-05-18 |
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