JPH0680253B2 - Hollow layer communication housing - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a conventional wooden frame structure and communication of hollow layers of a building such as a wooden house. The hollow layer is a gap in the wall. For example, the outer wall and the inner wall are arranged by dividing the outer wall by the foundation of the frame member, the horizontal member such as the body difference and the girder, and the columns and studs of the vertical member on the upper and lower floors. Is a part that is finished and closed to contain air. It is distinguished from the underfloor, attic, attic and other spatial areas. Conventionally, in the construction of houses such as wooden traditional frame structure, for example,
As a result of putting a heat insulating material into the layer that was stagnant by enclosing air in the wall of the large wall, that is, the hollow layer, undesirably frequent adverse reactions such as dew condensation on the wall and causing termite damage I did. The present invention is a mechanism in which the moist air that causes such a result naturally returns to the atmosphere and the natural humidity control function of the tree works to prolong the life of the tree and to create comfort and long-term residence. It is necessary to build water such as excellent wooden houses that naturally fit in, and water for human survival,
With a focus on the relevance of mountain trees for sources of air, green, etc., it is provided for revitalizing related industries in a wide range of fields that require techniques and skills to utilize trees, including agriculture and forestry. .

[Prior art]

(1) The wall part is consciously made into a panel.
The four-sided frame of the panel provided with the heat insulating material and the air passage is used as a spacer member, and panels with ventilation holes in the four sides of the same frame are assembled between the horizontal members on the upper and lower floors, and On the side surface, keep a piece of wood as a spacer piece, cover it with an outer plate, and let the ventilation holes of the upper and lower panel frames face each other in the gap formed inside the outer plate, so that the air inside the panel A panel designed to connect the passages. (2) A siding of a general commercial product is arranged at the connection position of the outer peripheral portion with a connecting metal fitting when an outer wall is used, and air communication is achieved through the ventilation holes formed in each of the upper and lower sidings. , Connection fittings. (3) A fireproof panel in which an inner plate is stretched on one side of an iron frame body to contain a heat insulating material, and a corrugated zinc-iron plate having a wave height of about 2 mm and a cover plate are adhered to the one side. With ventilation holes formed on both sides of the corrugated zinc iron plate that is interposed, the surface of the frame and the inside of the panel are communicated with each other to prevent condensation and corrosion of the frame due to ventilation between the inside of the panel and the outside. Fireproof panel. (4) Ventilation port provided at the upper end of concrete cloth foundation,
The bottom surface is horizontal, and the opposite side surfaces are formed to incline toward the outside of the ventilation port, the bottom surface and the corners of the inclined surface are formed into concave curved surfaces, and the wire mesh is arranged. A residential cloth foundation designed to reduce stress. (5) A basic structure of a wooden building in which ventilation holes are provided on the upper surface of the foundation, air nozzles are commonly provided for different cross sections of cutout grooves for ventilation, and ventilation is provided under the floor. Etc.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Unlike the wooden frame structure, the above-mentioned (1) is to assemble by arranging a panel instead of a vertical member such as a pillar between horizontal members, but in a space where air communication between the upper and lower panels is achieved, The flow is not smooth, and the spacer member
In addition to wood, it is said that it is made of a foreign material such as a metal plate and plastic, and has a drawback in terms of heat conduction. The above-mentioned (2) is a metal fitting which is designed to establish communication between the ventilation layers of the outer wall siding body, which is generally recognized as a ventilation hole, as the ventilation layer. There is a risk of heat conduction of the main body and adverse effects on wood and the like. In the above (3), the wave height of the corrugated zinc-iron plate interposed in the fireproof panel is about 2 mm, the ventilation effect cannot be expected, and the heat conduction of the metal increases the load of the heat insulating material. Not suitable. The above (4) and (5) are ventilation openings provided on the top end face of the concrete cloth foundation, but in each of the various shapes, one opening is shallow and the opening area is insufficient. In order to deal with the regulation of the effective opening area, it is necessary to extend the ventilation port on the foundation top surface. In addition, for the purpose of communicating the hollow layer, there is a hole that penetrates the upper and lower sides of the outer cross member, or a notch on the outer wall side of the same difference, but Spending effort,
It is a negative work such as damaging and weakening the material. As described above, both of them are local and indirect with respect to the flow of air, and there are complications such as using different materials together,
In each case, the overall result deviates from the intended effect. It is troublesome to neglect the humidity control function, which is a natural characteristic of wood, and to prevent harmful dew condensation, etc. by confining an uncontrollable mechanism in a wall that cannot be seen. There has been a contradiction in recent years to simultaneously conserve energy and save energy for buildings such as traditional wooden timber-framed structures that have been completed in the climate peculiar to Japan. While air-conditioning equipment has become widespread, the lack of technology and the heavy use of heat insulating materials have caused deterioration of the heat insulating materials, shortening the life of the building itself, making the habitability uncomfortable, and unexpected condensation on the walls. In general, it caused anxiety due to the result of causing termite damage. Against such a situation, despite the increasing tendency to construct excellent and effective walls by using the above-mentioned various heat insulation / ventilation methods, the durability and habitability are enhanced and the environment is relieved. We have not been able to provide a wide range of housing that can be used to the general public. In recent years, have we used heat insulating materials to improve the heat insulating effect and save energy? Questions such as these, and voices expecting reliable technology are increasing.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to solve the above-mentioned doubts and to meet the expected technology and solve the problems, the outer wall of the horizontal material such as girders, body gaps, foundations, etc., which has been a barrier to ventilation, was conventionally divided into upper and lower hollow layers. A rack tooth-shaped communication member is additionally provided on the side, and an outer wall is provided on the outer wall side to form an air passage for smoothly flowing air from the lower hollow layer to the upper hollow layer of the horizontal member. It was necessary to provide multi-storey housing. This hollow layer does not need a spacer or the like since the boundary between the heat insulating material / heat insulating layer and the ventilation layer on the outer wall side is defined by the windproof paper of the heat insulating material arranged on the inner wall side.

[Action]

Conventionally, a ventilation member has been interrupted due to a structure in which a communication member is attached to the outer wall side of a horizontal member that has divided the ventilation of the upper and lower floors to finish the outer wall, and a ventilation path that connects the upper and lower floors is formed. It becomes a central part for sucking and communicating the air in the upper and lower hollow layers by inverting the lateral member which has become the above, and the air which has been stagnant in the past can be started. In the structure of a hollow-layer connected house in which a ventilation path for flowing air from the lower hollow layer to the upper hollow layer of the horizontal member is formed, the above-mentioned communication center part sucks and sucks outside air from the intake port of the outer peripheral foundation and The building vent can be released and discharged, swinging from the underfloor space to the four sides of the base material, rising from the lower hollow layer / vent layer to the upper hollow layer / vent layer by temperature and wind force, It goes to the space above the ceiling and takes advantage of the humidity control function of trees to return to the atmosphere from the top ventilation port of the building. In this way, the air that naturally flows through the communicating hollow layer and ventilation layer is surrounded by the outer peripheral foundation, and under the floor where the influence of the outside air is blocked, the floor baseboard and soil are prevented from dehumidifying, and moisture is kept by the heat insulating concrete. Except that it is converted to air with geothermal temperature, eliminating the cause of conventional dew condensation and termite damage, improving the hollow layer to an environment similar to a storage warehouse, extending the life of the building, and improving habitability. You can make it comfortable and reduce energy such as air conditioning. Dehumidification-preventing concrete for the floor base and soil is effective in suppressing the evaporation of water in the ground and preventing the deterioration of the ground yield strength.

【Example】

First, the communication member will be described in detail. (1), (2), and (7) in the drawings, (3) is a communication member that is used as a pair, in which rack tooth-shaped upper and lower parts overlap. (9) in FIG. 3 and (10) in FIG. 4 are the communication members of each one of the pair. Each (4) shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 7 is a communication passage formed by a pair of communication members (3). The pair of communicating members (3) is, for example, a 12 mm-thick structural plywood, a short side and a long side of 3 and 6 shank, respectively. Approximately 30 cm width for one sheet is the basic mold width of the pair of communication members. The basic standard dimension of the cross-section of the horizontal member on which this member is placed is 10.5 cm.
It is a horn. The same size is shown by two parallel straight lines equally distributed from the center of the basic mold width of the communicating member. On one side of the long side, write equal quadrants. The dimension between the four equal division points is the same as the true dimension between the pillar and the stud of the vertical member. Move the center point between the quadrants to the other side of the long side, and write the points on both sides by connecting them with diagonal lines. Each of them overlaps with each other,
Draw parallel and continuous figures. The relationship between the isosceles of the same triangle and the above-mentioned parallel two straight lines is an isosceles trapezoid. Based on the equivalent leg trapezoid, adopting both height hypotenuse of the trapezoid and each short side where the hypotenuse intersects, for example, one cut into a rack tooth shape becomes a pair of main communication members, Used as a basic type. Since there is no leftover material, it is possible to effectively use resources. The communicating member can be mass-produced easily by secondary processing the above-mentioned structural plywood and the like, and the cut surface is smooth,
A colored coating film or the like can be applied for the purpose of preventing deterioration of the cross section and having a product design. For members with a horizontal difference in the horizontal difference that is larger than the basic standard dimensions, one half of the above-mentioned structural plywood is divided into two equal parts, and the large difference The width dimension may be marked with two parallel straight lines and cut according to the same specifications as described above. With three types of molds, it is possible to correspond to the dimensions of all the horizontal members. Since one of the pair of communication members can be disposed on the base of the horizontal member, the girder, etc., there is no waste in member efficiency. Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. Foundation work is important, and in particular, the floor area of the foundation is decided and implemented in consideration of the total weight of the building and the ground strength. In the same foundation, a step for a wide joint (20) is provided at least outside the top end surface (14) of the outer peripheral foundation (12), and the partition foundation is orthogonal to the column base and the outer peripheral foundation at the same top end surface. The part is made convex (14), and the convex top end surface is used as a level to make the total foundation top surface (14). About 2 cm lower than the top edge of the foundation, the upper end of the lower part is a ventilation passage (16) under the base, and is inclined slightly downward toward the outside. The inlet (13) of the rising part of the outer peripheral foundation is made of a cylindrical metal and has an opening / closing lid attached to adjust the intake of cold temperatures in winter. A moisture-proof film, etc. is laid on the ground surface (17) in the underfloor, and it is possible to prevent the dehumidification of the underfloor soil and the geothermal temperature by suppressing the floating of the film with excellent heat retention, such as lightweight concrete. Take measures to simultaneously absorb and retain heat. At the time of laying the base, the lower end surface of the base member is attached to the base top end surface (14) on both lower sides of the longitudinal direction on both sides in the lower part, and the trees (15) made of the same material as the base member are placed under the base member. Make a notch in the end face and insert it, and sandwich the convex portion (14) of the top end face. Tighten the anchor vault with general specifications. The house (15) prevents slipping movement of the building, the anchor vault prevents slipping and rising, and meets the provisions of the Building Standards Act, and the foundation top surface (14) and the base material. An air passage (16) can be provided on the lower end surface. The partition foundation is generally used, and an opening for underfloor inspection is provided in the foundation for each partition, and the opening works effectively for ventilation and ventilation. Buildings in front of the building and the upper building will be implemented with general specifications. The temporary bracing material that maintains the accuracy of the vertical and horizontal angles of the structural frame member is arranged on the inner wall side on the outer peripheral wall side. Complete roofing of the roof and arrange floor joists on each upper floor,
A load is applied to the structural frame so that the base and foundation are compatible with each other. A ventilation member (30), which is a commercially available product, is installed in the roof ridge on the top floor. After attaching the base member, studs, main striations, etc. that compose the outer peripheral wall surface, apply a pair of communication materials (3) to the lateral wall member / outer wall side of the body difference as described above. The outer vertical width and the cutting line width of the two parallel straight lines of the pair of communication members are the same and overlap each other. Of the pair of communication members applied, the communication member on the upper side is arranged 25 mm away from the upper end surface of the body difference member to the upper side, and the lower side is 25 mm from the lower end surface of the body difference member. If the front and rear sides are arranged on the lower side, the pair of communication members is an isosceles trapezoid, and the lines of the hypotenuse are vertically separated, and a space of about 25 mm can be formed between both hypotenuses. This is the communication passage (4). When arranging and fixing the same communication member, use the wood screws to fasten and fix the important parts at the ends of the pillars, studs, and braces of the vertical members on the upper and lower floors that are attached to the body difference member. , And the strength is increased by being integrated with the periphery of each horizontal member on each floor. When using reinforcing metal fittings together with this communicating member, the metal fittings can be wrapped in wood by virtue of handling such as submerging, and as a result, a heat bridge can be prevented, and the metal fittings and the same metal fittings. It is possible to avoid deterioration of the peripheral members, and it is possible to further increase the strength by the effect of mutual reinforcement. The base member other than the body difference member and the girder member on the uppermost floor are provided with the same member on one side of each of the pair of communication members, which is attached and fixed in the same specifications as the case where the body difference member is arranged. At this point, from the appearance of fixing and solidifying this communication member around the base legs, waist, head of buildings such as houses, the strength and earthquake resistance of the building as well as the lower hollow layer of the horizontal member It is possible to see the actual condition of the air passage (4) that allows air to flow to the upper hollow layer. The fixed communication member is used as the outer wall base material. Therefore, an opening frame such as a window on the outer peripheral surface is attached, the remaining portion of the outer wall base material is applied, and the outer wall finish such as mortar is completed. As the heat insulating material (23), a general commercial product is used. For example, glass wool type. The rectangular shape has long sides of 135 cm and 270 cm,
The short side is around 43 cm, the thickness is 5 cm and 10 cm, etc., and there are two lengths and two thicknesses. Both surfaces of the glass wool are heat-insulating materials covered with windproof paper and moistureproof paper, and the moistureproof paper side is arranged with the inner wall side. In addition to the heat insulating material, a commercially available windproof moisture-permeable paper or the like can be provided on the windproof paper side surface of the heat insulating material. It has the effect of further enhancing heat insulation. Inside, the heat insulating material (23) is arranged on the first floor so as not to hang down to the ground side. The hollow layer on the outer wall side consists of horizontal members on each floor, columns of vertical members,
A heat insulating material (23) is disposed on the entire outer peripheral wall surface between the studs. Even if a 10 cm thick heat insulating material is used for the ventilation layer, the ventilation layer (1) is secured by separating it from the heat insulating layer. The gypsum board or the like as the inner wall base material is stretched by covering the entire area of the outer peripheral wall surface provided with the heat insulating material from the surface side where the heat insulating material is arranged first. On the inner wall side of the outer peripheral wall surface, the floor surface of each floor and the entire circumference on the back surface side of the inner corner where the ceiling surface is in contact are arranged by cutting using the same material as the base assembly member of each surface. The hollow layer of the partition wall of each room is provided with a ventilation stopper at each height position of the floor surface and the ceiling surface. The above-mentioned measures for the entire circumference on the back side of the inner corner of each room and for the upper and lower partition wall hollow layers each enhance the effect of airtightness and heat insulation, and at the same time prevent the risk of misfire penetrating the walls and ceiling. is there. By advancing the construction as described above, the interior of each room and the equipment construction can be completed in parallel. When finishing the outer wall, wide joints (20) can be formed on the upper part of the outer peripheral foundation. In addition to water leaks in the walls, unexpected widespread occurrence of unforeseen circumstances such as intrusion of rainwater from the outside makes it possible to quickly discover the same wide joint, which leads to quick measures and is an important point for maintenance. During the rainy season, drainage of rainwater that falls on the outer wall is often done, speeding up drying, and adding a design to the legs around the foundation of the building,
Supports the superstructure of architecture. Conventionally, it has been a general specification to provide a large number of ventilation openings on the outer wall eaves, etc., but in addition to the ventilation, it was inconsistent in measures such as invasion of wind and rain and prevention of spread of fire, but this hollow layer connected house Only the air intake (13) on the outer peripheral foundation and the roof ridge ventilation (30) on the top floor prevent the risk of fire spread.

【effect】

By implementing this hollow-layer communication house, it is possible to change the location of the horizontal material that was a ventilation obstacle in the conventional hollow layer, and form a central part that performs suction communication from the lower hollow layer of the horizontal material to the upper hollow layer. This hollow layer was improved to an environment similar to that of a storage warehouse by eliminating the cause that caused dew condensation and termite damage by causing a flow of stagnant air in the wall of the. Air that improves the environment and flows through the hollow layer / ventilation layer from under the floor does not induce the above-mentioned damage, etc., and enables the work of the humidity control function, which is a natural characteristic of trees incorporated in architecture. For both heat insulation materials, eliminating the risk of performance deterioration and deterioration,
Strength and durability can be improved and the life of buildings such as houses can be extended. Underfloor air is universal, and it is effective for buildings in cities and areas where residential areas in the vicinity are narrowed, and the implementation of this hollow-story interconnected house will prevent the circulation of dry air under the floor with geothermal temperature. It is possible to reduce the air-conditioning equipment cost and the energy consumption / cost by making it comfortable for the body and creating comfort in the room and emphasizing the temperature at which the room is air-conditioned. Compared with the general conventional method, it is possible to cover a wider area by using equipment with smaller capacity and lower cost, and energy saving can be achieved. Energy saving from ordinary households can be convincingly added to global environmental problems and global warming prevention. In the manufacturing process and use of the communication member, it can be effectively used without leaving a scrap, and it is economical because there is no waste such as handling it as a base for fireproof mortar of the outer wall. In addition to improving the fire protection performance inside and outside the building, the longevity of the building and the comfort of living can be maintained, and the ability to live with peace of mind for a long period of time is linked to the productivity cycle of mountain trees, which is the largest. It will be an advantage. In addition, the structure of this hollow layer connected house is applicable to a wide range because it is free from restrictions such as impairing free design and design.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram in which an arrow indicates the circulation of air.

FIG. 2 is a view in which a pair of communication members are arranged on a horizontal member.

FIG. 3 is a view in which a communication member is arranged on a base material portion.

FIG. 4 is a diagram in which a communication member is arranged on a girder member on the uppermost floor.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the upper surface of the foundation, which is in contact with a base, a farm, a floor, or the like.

FIG. 6 is a spacer section view.

[Fig. 7, Fig. 8] Construction examples.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Hollow layer / ventilation layer 2 ... Horizontal member on each floor 3 ... Pair of communication members 4 ... Communication passage formed on outer wall side of horizontal member 5 ... Vertical member, pillar / stud, etc. 6 …… Straightened material 7 …… Base material / cross section of the gate 8 …… Top floor / girder cross section of the material 9 …… Each one of the communication members 10 …… Each one of the communication members 11 …… Outer wall base material 12 …… Concrete cloth Foundation 13 …… Intake port 14 …… Foundation roof 15 …… River 16 …… Underground air passage 17 …… Moisture-proof film 18 …… Lightweight / heat-insulating concrete 19 …… Outer wall 20 …… Wide joint 21 …… First floor Floor 22 …… First floor floor joist 23 …… Insulation layer / insulation material 24 …… Spacer 25 …… Inner wall 26 …… Ceiling 27 …… Floor width wood 28 …… Under the ceiling / not shown 29 …… Attic 30 …… Building ventilation

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A communication member is attached to an outer wall side of a horizontal member such as a girder, a body difference, and a base constituting a wooden house and a wooden building constructed by a frame structure, and a hollow portion below the horizontal member. In a hollow-layer connected house in which a ventilation path is formed to allow air to flow from the upper layer to the upper hollow layer, the horizontal member is a rack tooth shape that connects the lower hollow layer and the upper hollow layer of the horizontal member with the ventilation path. The structure of a hollow-story connected house, wherein the communication member is attached and fixed, and the outer wall side of the communication member is finished with an outer wall.