JPH0686833A - Static radiation treatment apparatus - Google Patents
Static radiation treatment apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0686833A JPH0686833A JP23938592A JP23938592A JPH0686833A JP H0686833 A JPH0686833 A JP H0686833A JP 23938592 A JP23938592 A JP 23938592A JP 23938592 A JP23938592 A JP 23938592A JP H0686833 A JPH0686833 A JP H0686833A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- collimator
- flattening
- filter
- flattening filter
- dose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N Cobalt-60 Chemical compound [60Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009199 stereotactic radiation therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、照射野の拡大、病巣部
部への投与線量の均一化をはかる定位的放射線治療装置
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a stereotactic radiotherapy apparatus for enlarging the irradiation field and making the dose administered to lesions uniform.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】放射線治療技術の一つに定位的放射線治
療法（定位法）という放射線照射方法がある。定位法と
は病巣部に対し局所的に大線量を集中して照射するもの
であり、病巣部局所に対し、ごく細い放射線ビーム（ス
ポット状Ｘ線）を集光的に集中照射する方法である。こ
の定位法は、悪性腫瘍の治療に非常に効果的であると共
に、周辺の正常組織に対して放射線の被ばくが著しく低
くなる等の効果がある。2. Description of the Related Art One of the radiotherapy techniques is a radiation irradiation method called stereotactic radiotherapy (localization method). The localization method is a method of locally irradiating a lesion with a large dose, and a method of concentrating and irradiating an extremely thin radiation beam (spot-shaped X-ray) to the lesion locally. . This localization method is very effective in treating malignant tumors and has an effect of significantly reducing radiation exposure to surrounding normal tissues.
【０００３】定位的放射線治療装置として、ガンマユニ
ットと呼ばれる多線源方式放射線治療装置、電子線加速
器等を用いる単線源方式放射線治療装置（特公平２−５
０３５２１号）がある。前者は、多数の照射孔を有する
半球状コリメータと、このコリメータの外部に配置され
たコバルト６０密封線源からなり半球状に配置された多
数のコバルト６０線源からのガンマ線量が病巣部に集中
的に加えられ治療を実現できるものである。一方後者
は、電子線加速器等を用いて、患者の病巣部を中心にガ
ントリを回転させ、且つ治療台も回転させながらあらゆ
る方向から病巣部に集中的に放射線を照射することがで
きる。従って、両者共病巣部にはその積算線量として大
線量を与えることができ、且つ正常な組織に対しては線
量の分散効果により低線量にできるものである。しか
し、前者の場合は、線源として多数（２００個程度）の
コバルト６０を使用していて、且つコバルト６０は、半
減期を有するため交換が必要となり、その維持費及び管
理上の問題、更に装置価格が高いことから、普及しにく
い要因となっている。又、前者のガンマユニットは頭部
専用であり、呼吸により病巣部が動く胸腹部には適さな
い。このため、後者の電子線加速器を用いての定位的放
射線治療が期待されつつある。As a stereotactic radiotherapy apparatus, a multi-source radiotherapy apparatus called a gamma unit, a single-source radiotherapy apparatus using an electron beam accelerator, etc. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-5).
03521). The former is composed of a hemispherical collimator having a large number of irradiation holes and a cobalt 60 sealed source placed outside the collimator, and gamma doses from a large number of hemispherical cobalt 60 sources are concentrated on the lesion. It is possible to realize the treatment by being added. On the other hand, in the latter, an electron beam accelerator or the like can be used to rotate the gantry around the lesion of the patient and also rotate the treatment table to intensively irradiate the lesion with radiation from all directions. Therefore, a large dose can be given to the lesion site as an integrated dose for both lesions, and a low dose can be given to a normal tissue by the dose dispersion effect. However, in the former case, a large number (about 200) of cobalt 60 is used as a radiation source, and the cobalt 60 has a half-life, so replacement is required, which causes maintenance costs and management problems. The high price of the device makes it difficult to spread. Also, the former gamma unit is for the head only and is not suitable for the chest and abdomen where the lesion moves due to breathing. Therefore, stereotactic radiotherapy using the latter electron beam accelerator is expected.
【０００４】電子線加速器による定位的放射線治療を行
う場合について図２（イ）を用いて概説する。電子線加
速器装置のガントリ１は、アイソセンタを中心に回転
し、放射線ガントリ１に設けられた照射ヘッド２を通
り、定位的放射線治療装置用コリメータ３のスポット状
コリメート孔３ａによりビームが細められて病巣部に照
射される。尚、５は電子線偏向部、７ａと７ｂとは矩形
状ビーム化するためのコリメータである。電子ビーム５
ａで励起されてターゲット６から放射する放射線（Ｘ
線）９は平坦化フィルタ８（ターゲット側に頂点を持つ
円錐形状のフィルタ、中央部分の源衰量を大にする）に
よって広い範囲では、平坦化されるが、定位的放射線治
療用コリメータ３のコリメート孔３ａを用いて細いビー
ムに絞ると照射される放射線の線量分布は図２（ロ）の
Ｑ1のように、コリメータ孔の中心軸上にピークを持つ
分布となってしまう。この場合、所望の線量を得るため
にはピーク値を低くして且つその低くなったピーク周辺
を平坦化させるやり方をとる。具体的にはこうした線量
分布を得るためには、電子ビーム５ａ励起用の電流制御
を行うやり方をとる。この結果の線量分布を図２（ロ）
のＱ2で示した。尚、図２の横軸はアイソセンタ軸上で
の広がりの位置をとっている。アイソセンタとは、ガン
トリと治療台との回転中心交点であり、このアイソセン
タの位置に病巣部位を持ってくるのが普通である。The case of performing stereotactic radiotherapy with an electron beam accelerator will be outlined with reference to FIG. The gantry 1 of the electron beam accelerator device rotates about an isocenter, passes through an irradiation head 2 provided in the radiation gantry 1, and a beam is narrowed by a spot-shaped collimating hole 3a of a collimator 3 for a stereotactic radiotherapy apparatus to form a lesion. The area is irradiated. Incidentally, 5 is an electron beam deflecting unit, and 7a and 7b are collimators for forming a rectangular beam. Electron beam 5
Radiation (X
The line 9 is flattened in a wide range by the flattening filter 8 (a conical filter having an apex on the target side, which increases the source attenuation in the central portion), but the collimator 3 for stereotactic radiation therapy has When the collimator hole 3a is used to narrow the beam into narrow beams, the dose distribution of the emitted radiation has a peak on the central axis of the collimator hole, as indicated by Q 1 in FIG. In this case, in order to obtain a desired dose, a method of lowering the peak value and flattening around the lowered peak is adopted. Specifically, in order to obtain such a dose distribution, a method of controlling a current for exciting the electron beam 5a is adopted. The resulting dose distribution is shown in Figure 2 (b).
Is indicated by Q 2 . Note that the horizontal axis in FIG. 2 indicates the position of expansion on the isocenter axis. The isocenter is the intersection of the rotation centers of the gantry and the treatment table, and it is common to bring the lesion site at the position of this isocenter.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、電流制御をと
るやり方では、中央部分の平坦化をはかることは困難で
ある。照射野は、この中央部分の平坦化の広がりによっ
て定まるため、図２（ロ）のＱ2によっては照射野はご
く狭いものとなる。However, it is difficult to flatten the central portion by the method of controlling the current. Since the irradiation field is determined by the spread of the flattening of the central part, the irradiation field becomes very narrow depending on Q 2 in FIG.
【０００６】本発明の目的は、中央部の線量のピークを
低下させ且つ、その中央部分の線量の平面的な平坦化を
はかる定位的放射線治療装置を提供するものである。An object of the present invention is to provide a stereotactic radiotherapy apparatus which lowers the peak of the dose in the central portion and planarizes the dose in the central portion.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、電子線の照射
でＸ線を放出するＸ線ターゲットと、このターゲットか
ら放出されるＸ線を、周辺部に比して中央部程減衰させ
て、空間的な平坦化を行う第１の平坦化フィルタと、こ
のフィルタを通過したＸ線をスポット状コリメートを通
して病巣部位へ照射させる定位法用コリメータと、該コ
リメータに設けられ、スポット状コリメート孔の絞りに
よる中央への集中線量化を防止するために、周辺部に比
して中央程減衰させて空間的な平坦化を行う第２の平坦
化フィルタと、より成る（請求項１）。According to the present invention, an X-ray target that emits X-rays by irradiation with an electron beam and an X-ray emitted from this target are attenuated in the central portion as compared with the peripheral portion. , A first flattening filter for performing spatial flattening, a collimator for localization method for irradiating a lesion site with X-rays passing through this filter through a spot-like collimator, and a collimator provided with a spot-like collimator hole In order to prevent the centralized dose from being concentrated by the diaphragm, the second flattening filter is configured to perform spatial flattening by attenuating toward the center as compared with the peripheral portion (claim 1).
【０００８】更に本発明は、上記第１、第２の平坦化フ
ィルタの形状は、円錐形状とする（請求項２）。Further, according to the present invention, the first and second flattening filters have a conical shape (claim 2).
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明によれば、第１の平坦化フィルタの他に
第２の平坦化フィルタをスリット状コリメート孔に設け
て、スリット状コリメート孔による中央部分への線量の
集中化を防止し、照射野を広くとることができ、更に広
い範囲にわたっての線量の均一化をはかれる（請求項
１、２）。According to the present invention, in addition to the first flattening filter, the second flattening filter is provided in the slit-shaped collimating hole to prevent the dose from being concentrated in the central portion by the slit-shaped collimating hole. The irradiation field can be wide, and the dose can be made uniform over a wider range (claims 1 and 2).
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】図１は本発明の定位的放射線治療装置の実施
例図である。本実施例では、定位法用コリメータ３のス
ポット状コリメート孔３ａの入口側に、第２の平坦化フ
ィルタ１０を設けた点が特徴である。第２の平坦化フィ
ルタ１０は、円錐形状をなし、その頂点が病巣部部位側
に向くように設置した。1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a stereotactic radiotherapy apparatus of the present invention. The present embodiment is characterized in that the second flattening filter 10 is provided on the entrance side of the spot-like collimating hole 3a of the localization method collimator 3. The second flattening filter 10 has a conical shape, and is installed so that its apex faces the lesion site side.
【００１１】平坦化フィルタ１０は、図１の（ロ）のＱ
3に示すように、中央部分のピークを減少し、且つその
ピーク部周辺をできるだけ平坦化した特性を持つように
したフィルタである。これは、円錐形状によって実現で
きる。平坦化フィルタ１０の材料としては、鉄や鉛等の
金属がよい。The flattening filter 10 has a Q of FIG.
As shown in 3 , the filter has a characteristic that the peak in the central portion is reduced and the periphery of the peak portion is flattened as much as possible. This can be achieved with a conical shape. The material of the flattening filter 10 is preferably metal such as iron or lead.
【００１２】図２（ロ）と図１（ロ）と比較するに、Ｑ
3では平坦化部分の広がりが多いのに対し、Ｑ1では平坦
化の広がりが少ないことがわかる。このように、Ｑ3で
は、平坦化が中央部分で広がっているため、照射野が大
きくなり、且つ病巣部位に均一な線量を投与できる。Comparing FIG. 2B and FIG. 1B, Q
It can be seen that the flattened portion spreads a lot in 3 while the flattened spread in Q 1 is small. As described above, in Q 3 , since the flattening spreads in the central portion, the irradiation field becomes large and a uniform dose can be administered to the lesion site.
【００１３】図３は、平坦化フィルタ１０の外観図であ
り、円錐形状であり、底部にコリメータ固定用のスター
状のピン１０ａを取り付けておく。図４には、定位法コ
リメータ３のコリメート孔３ａに平坦化フィルタ１０を
取り付けた様子を示す。コリメート孔３ａは円筒状であ
り、病巣部位に近い程広がりを持った構成とする例が多
い。単純円筒状でもよい。このコリメート孔３ａに対し
て、円錐頂点を病巣部側にして平坦化フィルタ１０を挿
入する。この場合、コリメート孔３ａの中心軸線と平坦
化フィルタ１０の円錐体の軸中心線とは一致させる。そ
して、ピン１０ａの一部をコリメータ３に止め金等で固
定する。かくして、平坦化フィルタ１０は、定位法用コ
リメータ３内の中心軸線に一致した状態でつり下げら
れ、図１（ロ）Ｑ3に示すような特性を得ることが出来
る。FIG. 3 is an external view of the flattening filter 10 having a conical shape, and a star-shaped pin 10a for fixing a collimator is attached to the bottom. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the flattening filter 10 is attached to the collimating hole 3a of the localization method collimator 3. The collimating hole 3a has a cylindrical shape, and in many cases, the collimating hole 3a has a configuration that expands toward the lesion site. It may have a simple cylindrical shape. The flattening filter 10 is inserted into the collimating hole 3a with the conical apex on the lesion side. In this case, the central axis of the collimating hole 3a and the central axis of the conical body of the flattening filter 10 are aligned. Then, a part of the pin 10a is fixed to the collimator 3 with a clasp or the like. Thus, flattening filter 10 is hung on the matching condition to the central axis of the localization method collimator 3, it can be obtained the characteristics shown in FIG. 1 (b) Q 3.
【００１４】図５は、平坦化フィルタ１０を設けない場
合を（イ）、平坦化フィルタ１０を設けた場合を（ロ）
に示し、照射野の大きさと平坦度との関係を示す図であ
る。（イ）の平坦化フィルタ１０を設けない場合に比
し、平坦化フィルタ１０を設けた（ロ）においては、照
射野が小さい場合には平坦の広がりが大きくなっている
ことがわかる。FIG. 5 shows the case where the flattening filter 10 is not provided (a) and the case where the flattening filter 10 is provided (b).
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the size of the irradiation field and the flatness. In comparison with the case where the flattening filter 10 of (a) is not provided, in (b) where the flattening filter 10 is provided, it can be seen that the flatness spread is large when the irradiation field is small.
【００１５】尚、平坦化コリメータ１０の頂点方向をタ
ーゲット側としたが、被検体側でもよい。またこのこと
は、平坦化コリメータ８の頂点についても成り立つ。即
ち、平坦化コリメータ８、１０の頂点は実施例の如き方
向とは限らない。Although the apex direction of the flattening collimator 10 is the target side, it may be the object side. This also holds for the apex of the flattening collimator 8. That is, the vertices of the flattening collimators 8 and 10 are not limited to the directions as in the embodiment.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、定位法用コリメータの
スリット状コリメート孔に平坦化フィルタを挿入しただ
けで、照射野の拡大及び病巣部への均一な線量投与が可
能となった。According to the present invention, the irradiation field can be expanded and the dose can be uniformly administered to the lesion simply by inserting the flattening filter into the slit-shaped collimator hole of the collimator for localization method.
【図１】本発明の定位的放射線治療装置の実施例図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a stereotactic radiotherapy apparatus of the present invention.
【図２】従来の定位的放射線治療装置を示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a conventional stereotactic radiotherapy apparatus.
【図３】本発明の平坦コリメータの実施例図である。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a flat collimator of the present invention.
【図４】本発明の定位法用コリメータに平坦コリメータ
を取り付けた構成図である。FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram in which a flat collimator is attached to the collimator for localization method of the present invention.
【図５】従来例と本発明の実施例との照射野における平
坦度の比較図である。FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of flatness in an irradiation field between a conventional example and an example of the present invention.
１ ガントリ ２ 照射ヘッド ３ 定位法用コリメータ ３ａ スポット状定位法用コリメート孔 ６ Ｘ線ターゲット ７ａ、７ｂ 矩形用コリメータ ８ 第１の平坦化フィルタ ９ Ｘ線ビーム １０ 第２の平坦化フィルタ 1 Gantry 2 Irradiation head 3 Collimator for localization method 3a Collimation hole for spot localization method 6 X-ray targets 7a, 7b Rectangular collimator 8 First flattening filter 9 X-ray beam 10 Second flattening filter
Claims (2)
ゲットと、このターゲットから放出されるＸ線を、周辺
部に比して中央部程減衰させて、空間的な平坦化を行う
第１の平坦化フィルタと、このフィルタを通過したＸ線
をスポット状コリメートを通して病巣部位へ照射させる
定位法用コリメータと、該コリメータに設けられ、スポ
ット状コリメート孔の絞りによる中央への集中線量化を
防止するべく、周辺部に比して中央程減衰させて空間的
な平坦化を行う第２の平坦化フィルタと、より成る定位
的放射線治療装置。1. An X-ray target that emits X-rays when irradiated with an electron beam, and X-rays emitted from this target are attenuated toward the central portion as compared with the peripheral portion to perform spatial flattening. A first flattening filter, a collimator for a localization method that irradiates a lesion site with X-rays that have passed through this filter, and a collimator, which is provided in the collimator and is provided with a spot-shaped collimator hole to concentrate the dose to the center. In order to prevent the above, a stereotactic radiotherapy apparatus comprising a second flattening filter that performs flattening spatially by attenuating the central portion more than the peripheral portion.
は、円錐形状とする請求項１の定位的放射線治療装置。2. The stereotactic radiotherapy apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second flattening filters has a conical shape.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23938592A JPH0686833A (en) | 1992-09-08 | 1992-09-08 | Static radiation treatment apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23938592A JPH0686833A (en) | 1992-09-08 | 1992-09-08 | Static radiation treatment apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0686833A true JPH0686833A (en) | 1994-03-29 |
Family
ID=17044001
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23938592A Pending JPH0686833A (en) | 1992-09-08 | 1992-09-08 | Static radiation treatment apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0686833A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014014205A1 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-23 | 이화여자대학교 산학협력단 | Insertable collimator and x-ray generator containing same |
-
1992
- 1992-09-08 JP JP23938592A patent/JPH0686833A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014014205A1 (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-23 | 이화여자대학교 산학협력단 | Insertable collimator and x-ray generator containing same |
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