JPH0692153B2 - Method for clearing mathematical formulas in document processing system - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a function symbol area size, a function, and a function in a document processing system for inputting / editing text including formulas such as functions, and for clear copy / output. The present invention relates to a method for clearing mathematical expressions that can change the arrangement of arguments and the size of the function area.

[Background of the Invention]

With the development of office automation in recent years,
A method of using a document that is created / corrected in an electronic computer system and is output in a clear copy to a printing device or an output device connected to the electronic computer is becoming widespread. The same applies to text that includes mathematical formulas. However, the handling of mathematical formulas is different from ordinary text. How to set the size of a new function symbol or how to set the positional relationship between a function symbol and an argument and the positional relationship between an argument and an argument, and how to handle the whole function There is a problem of how to set the size of.
Moreover, with respect to the above problem, there is no deciding factor for such specifications, and various systems (printing devices, output devices, typewriters, typesetting machines, etc.) have adopted their own methods. In addition, these systems require a lot of time and effort when the specifications are once decided and cannot be changed if they do not meet the user's preference, or when the designer / manufacturer himself wants to change the specifications. There are quite a few Let's consider this with a more specific system as an example.

The methods of text processing systems that handle mathematical expressions can be classified into two types.

(1) Typewriter-based method (2) Method by the phototyper method Regarding the method by the phototyper method, Association for Comput
ing Machinery, Inc.Communications of the ACM, March
Brian W. Kernighan an in 1975 Volume 18 Number 3
“AS by d Lorinda L. Cherry (Bell Laboratories)
It is discussed in the literature entitled "ystem for Typesetting Mathematics".

The problem with the above method (1) is that the size of characters is fixed, arbitrary line spacing is not possible, and
It is necessary to be satisfied with the line spacing of 2. For this reason, the method of (1) uses two-dimensional areas of different sizes
There is a lack of functions for mathematical expression processing that needs to be freely and laterally arranged at any position.

The above method (2) provides a solution to the problem of the method (1), but the specifications regarding the size of the function symbol, the arrangement of arguments in the function, and the size of the function are embedded in the processing of the program. This is the current situation, and it is necessary to modify the program itself when changing the specifications. For this reason, the process of correcting the program and confirming the result is repeated, resulting in poor development efficiency and eventually making quality improvement difficult.

[Object of the Invention]

An object of the present invention is to change the logic of a program by having the function of retaining the contents of mathematical function allocation processing in the form of a function information table and thereby rewriting the contents in order to address the above problems. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for clearing mathematical formulas that allows the assignment specifications of mathematical functions to be changed easily.

Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a mathematical formula writing method that can easily add a new function having a specification of an existing function type by adding a function identification code in a function information table. is there.

[Outline of Invention]

A feature of the present invention is that an input means for inputting text, a storage means for storing text allocation instruction information in advance,
Text editing means for editing the text input from the input means, storage means for storing the text edited by the text editing means, and allocation instruction added to the text for the text retrieved from the storage means Alternatively, the document processing system has an allocating unit that performs allocation based on the allocation instruction information stored in the storage unit in accordance with the allocation instruction input from the input unit, and an output unit that outputs the clean copy result obtained by the allocation unit. As the assignment instruction information of the mathematical expression, at least the function identification code and the argument character ratio for each argument of the function are stored in advance in the storage means for a plurality of functions in which unique function symbols and arguments are defined in advance. In the allocating means, the allocation pair is referred to by referring to the function identification code. The corresponding function is identified from among the plurality of functions, and the argument character input from the input means is analyzed as to which argument the function has, and the applicable argument character ratio is set to the argument. The size of the argument area is determined by applying it, and the size of the function symbol is applied by applying the first relational expression that predefines the size of the function symbol with the size of the argument area of the above argument as a variable. Determine the placement of the function symbol and the argument by applying the second relational expression that predefines the placement of the function symbol and the argument, using the size of the argument area of the argument and the size of the function symbol as variables. A method for clearing mathematical formulas in a document processing system characterized by:

In the present invention, we have focused on the fact that functions can be classified into several types according to their allocation method, named them function types, and retained function allocation information for each function type. For example, in FIG. 1, for the sum function (Σ), the product function (Π), and the union function (U), the maximum number of arguments is “3”, and the first argument is the first argument. The lower limit value, the second argument is the upper limit value, the third argument is the function text, and the argument character ratio in the function is "50 (%)", "50 (%)", "100 (%)", respectively. Yes,
Moreover, since the size of the function symbol and the way of arranging the function symbol and each argument are uniform, these functions are treated as the same type and named "Σ type".

Next, by assigning functions, that is, the arrangement of arguments within a function and the arrangement of function symbols and arguments can be expressed by a certain linear expression, and the coefficient in the linear expression can be changed for each function type. Focusing on the fact that various functions can be handled,
A linear expression is held for each function type, and the coefficient in the linear expression is held as a function symbol area size determination parameter and a function area size correction parameter.

Furthermore, focusing on the fact that the above function allocation method is not uniquely determined, it is preferable that the above information for each function type can always be changed in order to find the best method.
The function allocation information is held in the form of a table as shown in FIG. 1, and this is named the function information table.

As described above, the present invention holds the function information table,
By having the function of rewriting the contents, the function allocation specification can be easily changed with a small amount of labor and a table amount without changing the logic of the program.

Furthermore, a new function having an existing function type specification can be easily added only by adding a new function identification code to the function information table.

Example of Invention

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 shows the concept of a document creation procedure. Reference numeral 20 in the figure
1 is a terminal device used by a user for inputting / outputting text, reference numeral 202 is a text file for storing created / edited text, reference numeral 203 is an output device for outputting a clean copy result, and reference numeral 204 is text creation / editing. A document processing system for editing / copying, reference numeral 205 is a terminal user input / output control unit, reference numeral 206 is a text creation / editing control unit, reference numeral 207.
Is a clean copy output control unit, and reference numeral 208 is an output device control unit.

When a text is input from the terminal device 201, the terminal user input / output control unit 205 activates the text creation / editing control unit 206 and passes the input text. Text creation / edit control unit 20
6 stores the input text in the text file 202 after adding an instruction for allocation to the input text, editing the text such as addition / correction / deletion, and the like. The result of text creation / editing is displayed on the terminal device 201. The user reedits the text or makes a clear copy while confirming the creation / editing result on the terminal device 201.

When the user gives a clean copy instruction from the terminal device 201, the terminal user input / output control unit 205 activates the clean copy output control unit 207. The clean copy output control unit 207 takes out the text from the text file 202, allocates the text in accordance with the allocation instruction in the text and the allocation instruction from the terminal device 201, and performs the clean copy. The clean copy output control unit 207 displays the clean copy result on the terminal device 201 by activating the terminal user input / output control unit 205 or outputs it to the output device 203 by activating the output device control unit 208.

FIG. 3 is a more detailed description of mathematical expression text processing to which the mathematical expression clearing method of the present invention is applied in the clean copy output control unit 207 of FIG. Reference numeral 301 in the figure is a function information table holding function allocation information, reference numeral 302
Is the relational expression A, the code used to determine the size of the function symbol area
303 is a relational expression B used for determining the size of the function area, and reference numeral 3
Reference numeral 04 is an analysis processing, reference numeral 305 is an argument area size determination processing, reference numeral 306 is a function symbol area size determination processing, reference numeral 307.
Is a function area size determination process, and reference numeral 308 is an allocation process. Reference numerals 309 to 314 exemplify processes from analysis of function text to allocation.

The structure of the function information table 301 is as shown in FIG.
Function type 401, function identification code 402, maximum number of arguments 40
3, argument name 404, argument character ratio 405, function symbol area size determination parameter 406, and function area size correction parameter 407.The argument name 404 and argument character ratio 405 are held by the number indicated by the maximum number of arguments 403. It

Function text 309 retrieved from text file 202
, "% SM <" means the start of the sum (Σ), ";" means the delimiter between the arguments, and ">" means the end of the function. The types of functions include fractions, radicals, integrals, Σ functions, products, unions, intersections, and arbitrary functions with upper and lower limit values. The input format of each function and the corresponding output are shown in Fig. 5. On the street.

In the analysis process 304, the validity of the function text 309 is checked by referring to the function type 401, the function identification code 402, and the maximum number of arguments 403 of the function information table 301, and then the name of each argument is determined by referring to the argument name 404. Analysis result 3
Outputs 10. In the analysis result 310, the function symbol is “Σ”, the first argument is the lower limit value “i = 0”, the second argument is the upper limit value “∞”, and the third argument is the function text “x ₁ ”.

In the argument area size determination processing 305, the analysis result 310 is input and the argument character ratio 405 of the function information table 301 is referenced to obtain the argument area size 311 of each argument.

In the function symbol area size determination processing 306, the argument area size 311 of each argument is input, and the function symbol area 312 is generated using the function symbol area size determination parameter 406 and the relational expression A302 of the function information table 301. Where the relational expression A302
Is a linear expression that determines the size of the function symbol area according to the size of the argument area.

In the function area size determination processing 307, the argument area size 311 of each argument and the function symbol area 312 are input, and the function area size correction parameter 407 and the relational expression B3 of the function information table 301 are input.
By using 03, the arrangement method of each argument and the function symbol is determined, and the function area 313 is generated. Where the relational expression B303
Is a linear expression of the size of the argument area, the size of the function symbol area, and the function area size correction parameter, and determines the size of the function area.

The allocation process 308 arranges the function area 313 in a predetermined position.

FIG. 6 shows a flow of processing of a program as an embodiment in which the mathematical expression clearing method of the present invention is applied to mathematical expression text processing.

First, the notation of FIG. 6 is shown. The rectangles in the figure represent the processing, the rectangles with right vertical lines such as the symbols 601, 606, 610 and 611 represent the repeating condition, and the shapes of the symbols 622, 623 represent the selecting condition. The horizontal double lines 620 and 621 indicate that the processing on the left side of the line is defined by the processing on the right side. Generally, the processing is performed in the order in which vertical lines are connected from top to bottom. In the iterative conditions 601, 606, 610, 611, while the conditions in parentheses are satisfied, the processing on the right side connected by a horizontal line is repeated. Further, the selection conditions 622 and 623 select and execute the process according to the conditions.

In this embodiment, an area 701 as shown in FIG. 7 is adopted as a basic data structure for mathematical expression allocation. An area is a rectangle with a base line and a base origin. Each area has its own horizontal character string output reference line, which is called a base line. The area origin is the upper left corner of the area, and the coordinates of this area origin are called the area address. The size of the area is composed of three elements: the area length, the area width, and the height above the area base. The size of the area is not determined in advance, but is determined at the stage of assigning the mathematical formula. In formula assignment, line area 708, function area 706, argument area 705, and text area
Handles 704 etc. The base line is the argument area 705 when the text area 704 and the function area 706 are arranged in the line area 708, and the argument area 705 is arranged in the function area 706.
It provides a reference position when arranging the text area 704 and the function area 706 therein.

Based on the above notation and concept of area, the process of FIG. 6 will be described using the example of the area of FIG. Reference numeral 601
Until the end of the text, code 602,603,604,60
The process is repeated in the order of 5. Text file at 602
Enter the text for one line from 202, and use the line area 603.
708 is generated, the row area 708 is arranged at reference numeral 604, and then output at reference numeral 605. In line area generation 603, reference numeral 60
Parse the text with code 622 while continuing the line with 6 and code 607 if the result is normal text.
Text area size determination, function information table
If the text is a function text by referring to the function identification code 402 of 301, the function area 706 is generated at reference numeral 608, and then the size of the sub row area 707 is determined at reference numeral 618. When the line ends at 606, the line area size is determined at 619. In line area size determination 619, code 6
A row area 708 is generated by adding a row pitch to the sub row area 707 generated in 18, and the size thereof is determined. In the sub-row area size determination 618, the sub-row area 707 is generated based on the text area 704 and the function area 706 generated by the reference numerals 607 and 608, and the size thereof is determined.

In the text area size determination 607, the character area 701
The text area 704 is generated by adding the character pitch to each one, and its size is determined.

In the function area generation 608, first, the sequence number i of the argument is set to "1" at reference numeral 609, and then the first argument, the second argument, ... Are processed while the function continues at reference numeral 610. When the processing is completed for all the arguments of the maximum number 403 of arguments of the function information table 301 and the function ends at reference numeral 610, the function symbol area size determination parameter 406 of the function information table 301
Then, the function symbol area size is determined by the reference numeral 616 by referring to the relational expression A302, and the function area size is determined by the reference numeral 617 by referring to the function area size correction parameter 407 and the relational expression B303. In the processing of the i-th argument, the function information table
With reference to the argument character ratio 405 of 301, the code 611 analyzes the text with the code 623 while the i-th argument continues. If the result is normal text, the code
After the text area size is determined at 612 and the function area is generated at 613 in the case of function text, the size of the i-th argument area is determined at 614. Here, the function area generation 608 calls itself, that is, the function area generation 613. Such a call is called a recursive call. In complex formula text, some functions may contain other functions. This is called a function nest. In this embodiment, the function area generation 613 can be recursively called to perform the function multiple nest processing. In the i-th argument area size determination 614, the i-th argument area 705 is generated based on the text area 704 and the function area generated by the reference numerals 612 and 613, and the size thereof is determined. When the i-th argument ends at reference numeral 611,
At reference numeral 611, the argument sequence number i is incremented by “1” to prepare for the argument process of the next sequence number. Where i is the maximum number of arguments 403
If it exceeds, it is regarded as the end of the function.

FIG. 8 shows an example of a Σ type function for the processing of the function code area size determination 616. In the case of a Σ type function, the size of the function symbol area 801, that is, the area vertical sound f _a , the area horizontal length f _b , and the height f _c on the area base are the area size of the third argument area 802, that is, the area. The vertical length a ₃ , the height c ₃ on the area base, and the values k ₁ , k ₂ , ... of the function symbol area size determination parameter 406 in FIG.
It can be determined by the relational expression in FIG.

Regarding the processing of the function area size determination 617, similarly,
An example of a Σ type function is shown in FIG. The size of the function area 1001, i.e., area Vertical a, area Horizontal b, and the height c of the area base size a _1, b ₁ of the first argument area 1002, the size a ₂ of the second argument area 1003 , b ₂ and
The sizes a ₃ , b ₃ , c _{3 of} the third argument area 1004, the sizes f _a , f _b , f _{c of} the function symbol area 1005, and the value e ₁ of the function area size correction parameter 407 of FIG. It can be determined by the relational expression in FIG. 11 expressed by using e ₂ ,.

It should be noted that H in the formulas in FIGS. 9 and 11 indicates the height of the font of the document text.

FIG. 12 is an output sample of this embodiment.

According to the present embodiment, (1) a two-dimensional arrangement that extends vertically and horizontally at the same time as a fraction or a radical (2) multiple nesting of two-dimensional arrangement in a plurality of mathematical expressions, that is, multiple nesting of functions The processing unique to the allocation of mathematical formula text, such as the processing of, can be performed, and the mathematical formula clear copy can be realized.

In addition, by holding the function information table and referring to it, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) It is possible to check the validity and analyze the function text based on the information such as the function type, the function identification code, the maximum number of arguments, and the argument name.

(2) Depending on the argument character ratio, the size of the character used for the upper limit value and the lower limit value in the Σ formula etc. can be changed.

(3) The size of the function symbol area can be determined according to the argument area size by the function symbol area size determination parameter.

(4) The function area size correction parameter can determine the arrangement of the argument areas within the function area, the arrangement of the argument areas and the function symbol area, and the size of the function area according to the size of the argument area and the size of the function symbol area. .

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, the size of the function symbol area is changed by rewriting the function symbol area determination parameter of the function information table, and similarly, the positional relationship between the function symbol and the argument is changed and the argument is changed by rewriting the function area correction parameter. It is possible to easily change the positional relationship between the argument and the argument without going through the procedure of modifying the program itself, and it is possible to obtain the output result that suits the user's preference. For the producer himself, there is an effect that man-hours can be reduced in order to obtain the most suitable output specifications both in terms of function and aesthetics.

Furthermore, since the function information table has information for each function type in which the functions are classified by the allocation method, there is an effect that a new function symbol of an existing function type can be easily added.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a specific example of a function information table, FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a document creation procedure, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing details of the clean copy output control unit of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a function. Structure diagram of information table, FIG. 5 is a correspondence diagram of input format and output for each function, 6
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a program to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 7 is a diagram of the concept and structure of an area, FIG. 8 is an example of function symbol area size determination for a Σ function, and FIG. 9 is a function symbol area for a Σ function. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a relational expression for determining a size, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of determining a function area size regarding a Σ function, and FIG. 11 is an example of a relational expression for determining a function area size regarding a Σ function. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an output sample in the embodiment of the present invention.

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Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An input means for inputting a text, a storage means for storing text allocation instruction information in advance, a text editing means for editing the text input from the input means, and an editing by the text editing means. The storage means for storing the stored text and the text extracted from the storage means, in the allocation instruction information stored in the storage means according to the allocation instruction added in the text or the allocation instruction input from the input means. A document processing system having an allocating means for allocating based on the above, and an output means for outputting a clear copy result obtained by the allocating means, wherein a plurality of predefined function symbols and arguments are defined as allocation instruction information of a mathematical expression. For functions, at least the function identification code and argument statement for each of the arguments that the function has The character ratio is stored in advance in the storage means, the allocation means refers to the function identification code to identify a corresponding function among a plurality of functions to be allocated, and is input from the input means. Analyze which argument of the above function the argument character corresponds to, apply the corresponding argument character ratio to the above argument to determine the size of the argument area, and change the size of the argument area of the above argument to a variable. , The first relational expression that predefines the size of the function symbol is applied to determine the size of the function symbol, and the size of the argument area of the argument and the size of the function symbol are used as variables, and the function symbol is A method for clearing mathematical formulas in a document processing system, characterized in that the arrangement of function symbols and arguments is determined by applying a second relational expression that predefines the arrangement of symbols and arguments. 2. A mathematical expression clearing method in a document processing system according to claim 1, wherein a function symbol area determination parameter which is a coefficient of the first relational expression and a function which is a coefficient of the second relational expression. A method for clearing mathematical formulas in a document processing system, characterized in that area correction parameters are stored in the storage means. 3. A mathematical expression clearing method in a document processing system according to claim 1, wherein when arranging a function symbol and an argument, the arranged function symbol and the argument are combined into one function area. And a standard for arranging the function area in parallel with another function or text in the horizontal direction, a method for clearing mathematical formulas in a document processing system. 4. A method of clearing a mathematical expression in a document processing system according to claim 1, wherein the function identification code is assigned to a fractional expression, and a numerator and a denominator are defined as arguments of the fractional expression. A method for clearing mathematical formulas in a document processing system. 5. A mathematical expression clearing method in a document processing system according to claim 1, wherein the function identification code is assigned to a sum function, and a Σ symbol is given as a unique function symbol of the sum function, and A method for clearing mathematical formulas in a document processing system, characterized in that an upper limit value, a lower limit value, and a mathematical formula text are defined as arguments of a sum function.