JPH06943Y2 - Temperature controlled hydroponics device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus, and more particularly to an improvement of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus that can perform both heat retention in winter and cooling in summer.

[Conventional technology]

Hydroponic culture, in which vegetables and flowers are cultivated and grown using a specific nutrient solution or water without using soil, is widely practiced as a method for producing plants to be cultivated with high efficiency.

In particular, by using a vinyl house and a glass house (hereinafter collectively referred to simply as “house”) together with this hydroponic culture, growth conditions of plants are adjusted to obtain high productivity.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

4 and 5 show a hydroponic cultivation apparatus (Japanese Patent Application No. 1-229349) previously proposed by the inventor.

In this apparatus, an inner cylinder 51 having a diameter smaller than that of the outer cylinder 50 is arranged and fixed inside the outer cylinder 50 that constitutes the main body of the apparatus so that the inner peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 51 contacts the upper portion of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 50. For the connecting portion between the inner cylinder 51 and the outer cylinder 50, planting openings 52 are formed at regular intervals along the axial direction of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. This opening 5
A planting tool 53 made of a porous material or a net-like material is locked to 2 and the plant P to be cultivated is planted by filling the planting tool 52 with a planting material such as gravel. Be done.

The hydroponic cultivation apparatus configured as described above is arranged in a shelf shape as shown in FIG. 4, for example, and is used for cultivating a climbing plant.

That is, by supporting a plurality of devices having the sectional structure shown in FIG.
The shelf 63 is housed in the house 63. In this case, the entire apparatus is arranged slightly obliquely so that the nutrient solution and water flow (in the configuration shown, the apparatus is obliquely arranged so that the right side of the drawing becomes lower). In this device,
The nutrient solution L in the nutrient solution tank 67 is supplied into the inner cylinder 51 of each device through the pumping pipe 68, flows through the inner cylinder 51 toward the right side of the drawing, and finally through the return pipe 66 to the nutrient solution L. By returning to the tank 67, circulation flow is performed between the device and the nutrient solution tank.

On the other hand, water W is supplied from the water supply pipe 69 into the space formed between the outer cylinder 50 and the inner cylinder 51. On the outer peripheral portion of the inner cylinder 51, a material such as a non-woven fabric 55 that can absorb the water W by a capillary phenomenon is provided, and a part of the material is the water W.
Is supposed to be immersed in. The space in which the water W flows is connected to the exhaust device 64, and the air in this space flows to the exhaust device 64 side. As a result, part of the water W sucked up by the non-woven fabric 55 evaporates to remove the heat of vaporization to cool the inner cylinder 51, and the air containing moisture is sucked to the exhaust device 64 side.

The above device can effectively cool the rhizosphere of a particularly grown plant, and can considerably improve the productivity. On the other hand, the following problems were pointed out at the implementation stage, and their solution is desired.

First, when the plant P to be cultivated is in the stage of a small seedling or is a plant which does not grow leaves much, the sun rays S are directly inserted into the outer cylinder 50 to heat it. In this case, the capillarity does not always work sufficiently up to the upper part of the device where the sun rays S are inserted. Therefore, the water supply by the non-woven fabric 55 is not sufficiently performed, and the cooling due to the vaporization of the water W becomes insufficient. In particular, since the inner cylinder 51 is located at the top, the outer cylinder 5
The space formed by 0 and the inner cylinder 51 becomes narrower toward the upper part of the device, and the amount of air passing through becomes smaller, which results in insufficient cooling.

For cooling, groundwater, which has a relatively low temperature in the summer, is usually used to improve cooling efficiency. Therefore, it is possible to cope with the problem to some extent by increasing the water level of the water W in the space, but this naturally increases the amount of water used. Naturally, it is desirable that the temperature of the cooling water W be low, so that the cooling water W is not circulated and flown, so that the increase in the amount of the cooling water used is not economically preferable.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The present invention is a hydroponic cultivation apparatus which has improved the above-mentioned problems. In the configuration in which the inner cylinder is housed inside the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder is arranged below the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder, and the upper space of the inside of the device is It is a hydroponics device configured to increase the cooling efficiency of the upper part of the device by making it larger.

[Action]

Since the space formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is larger in the upper part of the device, the air passage amount is larger in the upper part of the device and the evaporation of cooling water is also large. Therefore, the cooling efficiency of the upper part of the device, which is easily heated by sunlight or the like, is improved.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 is an outer cylinder forming the main body of the apparatus,
It is a cylindrical body molded from a synthetic resin material such as vinyl chloride. Reference numeral 2 denotes an inner cylinder which is arranged inside the outer cylinder 1 and has a smaller diameter than the outer cylinder 1. The inner cylinder 2 is arranged so that the outer peripheral wall thereof contacts the lower portion of the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 1. As a result, the space 3 having a substantially crescent-shaped cross section formed by the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1 is divided and formed such that the space portion becomes larger toward the upper part of the device.

At predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2,
Openings 1a and 2a are formed, and a tubular guide member 4 is arranged substantially vertically through the openings 1a and 2a. The guide member 4 is formed of a cylindrical body formed of the same material as the outer cylinder 1, the inner cylinder 2, and the like. 5
Is an implanting tool which is inserted through the guide member 4 and arranged in the inner cylinder 5. The implanting tool is formed of a porous material or a net-like material like the implanting tool 53 shown in the preceding example, and is cultivated. The roots of the target plant P are easily spread to the outside.
In addition to the function of holding the implanting tool 5, the guide member 4 also serves to prevent the root of the plant P from passing through the implanting tool 5 and extending into the space 3.

As will be described later, in the configuration shown in the figure, most of the peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 2 is directly cooled by cooling water, so a non-woven fabric as in the conventional example is not attached to this peripheral wall. It is of course possible to mount it.

The device having the above-described cross-sectional shape is arranged in a shelf shape by using a column 62 as shown in FIG. 4, for example. In this case, the exhaust device 64 is connected to the end of each device.
In addition to this shelf-like arrangement, among the hydroponics devices that have been previously proposed by the inventor (Practical application No. 1-45079),
It can be suitably implemented for a horizontal type device.

Next, in this apparatus, the nutrient solution L is supplied to the inside of the inner cylinder 2, and the root of the plant P to be cultivated which has spread from the implanting tool 5 is soaked in this nutrient solution L to absorb nutrients and grow.

On the other hand, the cooling water W and the air sucked by the exhaust device pass through the internal space 3 formed in the outer peripheral portion of the inner cylinder 2. FIG. 2 shows the state of passage of cooling water in the above-mentioned prior application device and the device of the present invention.
Shows the cooling water passage state of the device preceding the book, and (B) shows the cooling water passage state of the device of the present invention. Both figures show the passing state of the cooling water W when half of the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 2 (51) contacts the cooling water W. First, in the example of (A), the center C2 of the inner cylinder 51
Is above the center C1 of the outer cylinder 50, the water level must be set high in order to bring half of the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder into contact with the cooling water. Further, since the internal space between the inner cylinder 51 and the outer cylinder 50 is larger toward the lower part of the device, a large amount of cooling water is required.

On the other hand, in the configuration of the present invention shown in (B), the center C2 of the inner cylinder 2 is lower than the center C1 of the outer cylinder 1, so that the inner cylinder 2
The water level for contacting half of the outer peripheral wall with the cooling water is lower than that of the configuration of (A), and the internal space 3 is smaller toward the bottom of the device, so the amount of cooling water used is the same as that of the preceding configuration. Significantly less compared. In the configuration shown in (A), when the water level is as shown in the figure, the space through which air passes becomes extremely small, and the load on the exhaust device becomes too large. Therefore, such a high water level is actually maintained. It is difficult to do.

Subsequently, in FIG. 1, the air sucked by the exhaust device passes through the upper space of the internal space 3 where the cooling water W passes. As a result, the heat of the sun rays S is blocked by this passing air, and hardly reaches the inner cylinder 2, and the inner cylinder 2 is maintained at an appropriate temperature. In addition, if a non-woven fabric is arranged in a portion of the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 2 exposed from the cooling water W and the exposed portion is also infiltrated with cooling water, the cooling efficiency is further increased by the heat of vaporization. Can be increased.

In the above description, the water that passes through the internal space 3 is described as an example only when it is used for cooling. However, when water that has little temperature change throughout the year such as groundwater is used, this water is used in winter. It is also possible to use for heat insulation.
When used for heat retention, the operation of the exhaust device should be stopped to enhance the heat retention effect inside the device.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a method of assembling the device of the present invention.

First, the bolts 6 and 6 are inserted into the outer cylinder 1. Next, nuts 7 and 7 are screwed into the bolts 6 and 6 from the inner peripheral wall side of the outer cylinder 1 and the nuts 7 and 7 are adjusted so that the tips of the bolts 6 and 6 are the outer circumference of the inner cylinder 2. Try to press against the wall. Since the bolts 6 and 6 are arranged toward the center of the outer cylinder 1, the inner cylinder 2 is pressed and fixed to the lower portion of the outer cylinder 1 by pressing the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder 2 with the bolts 6 and 6. It In this case, an adhesive may be applied to the contact portion between the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1 to strengthen the connection between the two. Since the hand can be put into the opening 1a of the outer cylinder 1, the nut 7 can be easily adjusted.

〔effect〕

As described in detail above, the present invention has a configuration in which the inner cylinder is housed inside the outer cylinder, and the inner cylinder is disposed below the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder, and the upper space of the inside of the device is made larger. Since it is set, it is possible to set a large amount of cooling air passing through the upper space of the apparatus, and it is possible to enhance the cooling efficiency of the root portion of the plant to be cultivated.

Further, since the cross-sectional area of the space through which the cooling water passes becomes small, the amount of cooling water used can be reduced, which is economical.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 (A) is a schematic sectional view of an apparatus preceding the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 (B) is a schematic sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention. Is a sectional view of the device showing a concrete assembling method of the device of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a side view of a house showing an application example of the device preceding the device of the present invention,
FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Outer cylinder 1a ... Outer cylinder opening 2 ... Inner cylinder 2a ... Inner cylinder opening 3 ... Internal space 4 ... Guide member 5 ... Implanting tool 6 ... Bolt 7 ... Nuts L ... Nutrient solution S ... Sun rays W ... Cooling water

Claims (3)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A double cylinder composed of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder arranged in the outer cylinder, and openings for planting are formed at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the cylinder. In addition, a nutrient solution cultivation device in which cooling water or air in addition to this cooling water is allowed to pass through the inner space of the outer cylinder defined by the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder, and a nutrient solution is allowed to pass through the inner cylinder. The temperature control type hydroponic cultivation device, wherein the inner division space is configured to be larger toward the upper part of the device by arranging the inner cylinder near the lower part of the inner peripheral wall of the outer cylinder. 2. A guide member having no root passage hole is arranged substantially vertically through the openings formed in the outer cylinder upper portion and the inner cylinder upper portion, respectively, and the root passage hole is provided with respect to the guide member. The root of the plant to be cultivated is adapted to be spread only in the inner cylinder by arranging the implanting tool to be located in the inner cylinder by inserting the planting tool. The temperature control type hydroponic cultivation apparatus described. 3. The material for infiltrating the cooling water is arranged on at least a portion of the outer peripheral wall of the inner cylinder exposed from the cooling water.
The temperature control type hydroponic cultivation apparatus described.