JPH0694961B2 - Absorption heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an absorption heat pump (hereinafter, this type of absorption heat pump) for taking out a fluid to be heated having a temperature higher than that of a heat source fluid supplied to a generator and an evaporator from an absorber. Called a device).

(B) Conventional technology As a conventional technology of this type of absorption heat pump device, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-25711, a double-effect absorption heat pump cycle is generated to generate an absorption heat pump having a temperature higher than that of a heat source fluid. A device for obtaining a heated fluid [hereinafter referred to as a double-effect type conventional device] is known.

Further, as another conventional technique, for example, JP-A-58-203364
As can be seen in the publication, a single-effect absorption heat pump cycle is generated to obtain a heated fluid having a temperature higher than that of a heat source fluid (hereinafter, referred to as a single-effect type conventional device).
It has been known.

(C) Problems to be solved by the invention In the conventional double-effect type device, for example, when it is desired to obtain high temperature water of about 145 ° C by utilizing the heat of waste steam of about 110 ° C, Cooling water needs to be supplied to the condenser. In this case, although there is no problem in winter when cooling water of about 10 ° C. can be easily obtained, there is a problem that hot water of sufficiently high temperature cannot be obtained in summer when the cooling water temperature becomes high. On the other hand, in the conventional single-effect type device, in this case,
It is necessary to supply the cooling water of 35 ℃ to the condenser, and there is no problem in the summer, contrary to the double-effect type device, and when trying to obtain high temperature water of about 145 ℃ in the winter when the cooling water temperature becomes low. There is a problem that the concentration of the absorbing liquid in the generator becomes high and crystals are easily generated.

Therefore, although a means for installing a single-effect type device and a double-effect type device is conceivable, this means has a problem that two devices are required and the cost is increased and the entire equipment is enlarged. ing.

The present invention has been made in view of this problem, and an object thereof is to provide an absorption heat pump device of this type that can easily obtain a desired high-temperature water in one device both in summer and winter.

(D) Means for Solving the Problems As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides a high temperature generator and a low temperature generator and / or a condenser of a double-effect type absorption heat pump device of this type. Is connected by a pressure equalizing pipe with an opening / closing valve to constitute an absorption heat pump device of this type.

(E) Action In the device of the present invention, the double-effect absorption heat pump action is exhibited by operating the on-off valve of the pressure equalizing pipe closed, while the on-off valve is opened to condense the high temperature generator, the low temperature generator, and the condensation. The low-temperature generator works as a flow path for the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid as the pressure in the reactor is equalized, and exhibits a single-effect absorption heat pump action.

Therefore, according to the absorption heat pump device of this type of the present invention, one device can have the functions of the absorption heat pump of the double-effect type and the single-effect type, and it is usually easy to obtain. It is possible to easily obtain the fluid to be heated at a substantially desired temperature even when the temperature of the cooling water is different (eg, winter and summer). Moreover, since only one device needs to be installed, the equipment cost is low, the installation space is small, and the equipment can be downsized.

(H) Example FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory view of an absorption heat pump device of this type according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, (1) is a high temperature generator, (2) is a low temperature generator, (3) is a condenser, and (4).
Is an evaporator, (5) is an absorber, (6) is a low temperature solution heat exchanger, (7) is a high temperature solution heat exchanger, (P _A ) is an absorption liquid pump, and (P _CR ) is a condenser (3 ) To the evaporator (4) to pump the refrigerant liquid, (P _ER ) pump to recirculate the non-evaporated refrigerant in the evaporator (4), (8) flows into the low temperature generator (2) Refrigerant sump that stores the drainage of the refrigerant from the high temperature generator (1) that was used to concentrate the absorbed liquid (P _DR ).
Is a pump for sending the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant liquid reservoir (8) to the evaporator (4), and a pipe line (9) through which the dilute absorption liquid flows down and a pipe line (10) through which the absorption liquid of an intermediate concentration flows. ), Pipelines (11), (12), (13), (14), through which concentrated absorbent is sent.
Pipe lines (15), (16), (17) to which the refrigerant liquid is sent, pipe lines (18) and (19) in which the refrigerant liquid flows, and pipe lines (2) to which the refrigerant liquid is sent.
0), (21), pipelines (22), (23) through which the refrigerant liquid recirculates,
By connecting with the ducts (24) and (25) through which the refrigerant vapor flows, a circulation path for the refrigerant [water] and the absorbing liquid [lithium bromide aqueous solution] is formed, and this type of double-effect absorption heat pump device is provided. It is configured.

(26) is a heat source for the high temperature generator (1), (27) is a heater for the low temperature generator (2), (28) is a cooler for the condenser (3),
(29) is a heat source for the evaporator (4), (30) is an absorber (5)
It is a heated device. In addition, (31) and (32) are heat exchangers (2
Pipeline connected to 6) [A low temperature heat source fluid such as waste steam, hot drainage or hot water using solar heat is flowed through this pipeline. ]
(33) and (34) are cooling water distribution pipes connected to the cooler (28), and (35) and (36) are pipes connected to the heat supply device (29) [this pipe has a low temperature heat source fluid Is washed away. ],
(37) and (38) are pipes connected to the device (30) to be heated (through which water or other fluid to be heated flows. ].

Further, (T _U ) is a pressure equalizing pipe that connects the gas phase portion of the high temperature generator (1) and the gas phase portion of the condenser (3), and an on-off valve (V _CH ) is provided in this pressure equalizing pipe. There is. Also, (S _W ) is the pipeline (3
With the temperature detector provided in 3), the detected temperature of this detector is about 1
When the temperature rises above 5 ° C, the on / off valve (V _CH ) is opened and the pump (P _DR ) is stopped by the signal.

Next, an example of the operation of the absorption heat pump device of this type configured as described above (hereinafter referred to as the present device) will be described.

The operating conditions at the installation location of this device are approximately 11
Waste water of 0 ℃ is obtained, and cooling water of about 5 ℃ to 10 ℃ is obtained in winter, while cooling water of about 30 ℃ to 35 ℃ is obtained in summer, and high temperature water of about 145 ℃ is obtained. Shall be acquired by this device. In addition, the heat transfer area of each device of this device shall be designed to meet the above operating conditions.

Now, while circulating hot water to the device to be heated (30) of this device, waste steam of about 110 ° C is supplied to the heat heaters (26) and (29), and cooling water of about 10 ° C is cooled (28). Supply to the pump (P _CR ),
By driving (P _ER ), (P _DR ) and the absorption liquid pump (P _A ), the rare absorption liquid sprinkled on the heat source (26) in the high temperature generator (1) boils and becomes a refrigerant vapor. And the refrigerant vapor reaches the heater (27) via the pipe (18) and boils and condenses the absorbing liquid that is sprayed on the heater (27), condensing in the heater (27) and condensing the refrigerant. It becomes a drain. Then, this refrigerant drain is sent to the evaporator (4) by the pump (P _DR ) through the refrigerant liquid reservoir (8). Moreover, the refrigerant vapor separated from the absorbing liquid by the heat of the refrigerant in the heater (27), that is, the refrigerant vapor generated in the low temperature generator (2) is liquefied in the condenser (3), and the liquefied refrigerant is pumped (P _CR ) to the evaporator (4). Then, the refrigerant is vaporized in the evaporator (4). On the other hand, the absorption liquid in which the refrigerant is sequentially separated in the high temperature generator (1) and the low temperature generator (2) is absorbed by the absorption liquid pump (P
_A ) is sent to the absorber (5), where it absorbs the gaseous refrigerant [refrigerant vapor] from the evaporator (4) and is diluted while generating heat, and this heat generation causes hot water in the heated device (30). To raise the temperature.
Then, the diluted absorption liquid returns to the high temperature generator (1). A double-effect absorption heat pump cycle occurs due to such circulation of the refrigerant and the absorbing liquid, the internal pressure of the evaporator (4) and the absorber (5) is about 820 mmHg, the low temperature generator (2) and the condenser (3). ) Is maintained at about 14 mmHg and the high temperature generator (1) at about 140 mmHg to operate these devices, and the saturated temperature of the absorbent in the absorber (5) is 147 mmHg.
The temperature rises to about 158 ° C, and the temperature of the hot water circulating through the device to be heated (30) is raised by about 5 ° C to about 145 ° C and sent to the load side. In addition, in this absorption heat pump cycle, the concentration of the concentrated absorbing liquid, the intermediate concentration absorbing liquid, and the dilute absorbing liquid are respectively
60%, 58% and 56%.

Also, now, on-off valve by a signal when sending the cooler (28) to about 10 ° C. to about 35 ° C. cooling water instead of supplying the cooling water drove the apparatus, the temperature detector (S _W) ( V _CH ) is switched from closed to open and the high temperature generator (1) communicates with the condenser (3) and the low temperature generator (2). And high temperature generator (1)
The refrigerant vapor separated from the absorbing liquid in (4) mainly flows to the condenser (3) via the pressure equalizing pipe (T _U ) having a small flow resistance, and is condensed there. Therefore, the saturated vapor pressure of the absorbing liquid in the high temperature generator (1) is maintained in equilibrium with the saturated vapor pressure of the refrigerant liquid in the condenser (3). Similarly, condenser (3)
The saturated vapor pressure in the low temperature generator (2) communicating with is also the same as that in the high temperature generator (1). As a result, the refrigerant in the heater (27) loses its heating capacity, and the low temperature generator (2)
Will function as a flow path for the absorbent. Then, a single-effect absorption heat pump cycle occurs. By the way, in this absorption heat pump cycle, the internal pressure of the high temperature generator (1) and the low temperature generator (2) and the condenser (3) was about 90 mmHg, and the internal pressure of the evaporator (4) and the absorber (5) The pressure is about 820 mmHg, the concentration of the concentrated absorbing solution and the concentration of the rare absorbing solution are about 60% and about 56%, respectively, and the saturation temperature of the absorbing solution in the absorber (5) is about 147 to 158 ° C and about 140 ° C. The warm water that has flowed into the device to be heated (30) flows out from here at about 145 ° C.

FIG. 2 is a Dühring diagram showing the absorption heat pump cycle described above, in which a → b → c → d → e.
The cycle of → f → a represents a double-effect absorption liquid cycle, and the cycle of a → b → g → h → represents a single-effect absorption liquid cycle.

In this device, when operating in a single-effect cycle, the low temperature solution heat exchanger (6) has almost no heat exchange function, so the valve (V) is activated by the signal from the temperature detector (S _W ).
You may make it open and let an absorption liquid flow through a pipe line (39). Also, when the pipe (20) is connected to the suction side of the pump (P _CR ), the pump (P _DR ) is not required, so the start / stop control by the temperature detector (S _W ) of this pump is also unnecessary. . Further, instead of the pressure equalizing pipe (T _U ), another pressure equalizing pipe (T) having an opening / closing valve (V _X ) may be provided. Furthermore, instead of switching the opening / closing valve (T _U ) or opening / closing valve (T) and valve (V) and starting / stopping the pump (P _DR ) with the temperature detector (S _W ), a temperature detector (S _W ) is used. ) Or other physical quantity (for example, the temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator (4), the temperature of the absorbing liquid in the high temperature generator (1), etc.) can be used.

As described above, according to this device, a double-effect cycle occurs in the winter when cooling water of about 10 ° C is obtained, and a single-effect cycle occurs in the summer when cooling water of about 35 ° C is obtained. It is possible to take out hot water at a substantially desired temperature [about 145 ° C].

Note that (L ₁ ), (L ₂ ), (L ₃ ), (L ₄ ), (L ₅ ), and (L ₆ ) are liquid level relays, and (40), (41), (42) are It is a damper. Further, (43) is a refrigerant blow conduit with a valve (44).

In addition, although not shown, the present apparatus includes a heat exchanger for waste steam and cooling water. Then, when the cooling water obtained in winter is less than 10 ° C, the temperature is raised to 10 ° C by the heat exchanger and supplied to the cooler (28) of the condenser (3), and also obtained in summer. When the cooling water is below 35 ° C, it is heated to 35 ° C and supplied to the cooler (28).

(G) Effect of the Invention As described above, according to the device of the present invention, one unit can also have the function of this kind of absorption heat pump device of the single effect type and the double effect type, and in any of the summer and winter seasons. Also, it brings a practical effect that a fluid to be heated at a substantially desired temperature can be obtained with simple and inexpensive equipment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration explanatory view showing an embodiment of an absorption heat pump device of this type according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a Duhring diagram showing an example of an absorption heat pump cycle of the device shown in FIG. is there. (1) ... high temperature generator, (2) ... low temperature generator, (3) ... condenser, (4) ... evaporator, (5) ... absorber, (P _CR ) ... pump, (P _A ) ... absorption Liquid pump, (18) ... pipe, (26) ... heater, (27) ... heater, (28) ... cooler, (29) ... heater, (30) ... heated object, ( T _U ), (T) ... Pressure equalizing tube, (S _W ),
(S) ... Temperature detector, (V _CH ), (V _X ) ... Open / close valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A high temperature generator, a low temperature generator, a condenser, an absorber and an evaporator are connected by piping to form a circulation path for a refrigerant and an absorbing liquid, and a cooling fluid is circulated through the condenser to form an evaporator. By supplying the heat source fluid to the high temperature generator and circulating the heated fluid to the absorber, the high temperature generator is operated at a lower pressure than the evaporator and the absorber, and the condenser and the low temperature generator are In an absorption heat pump device configured to operate at a low pressure to heat the fluid to be heated above the temperature of the heat source fluid by the heat generated when the absorbing liquid in the absorber absorbs the refrigerant, a high temperature generator and a condenser and And / or an absorption heat pump device including a pressure equalizing pipe with an on-off valve that connects to a low temperature generator.