JPH0579899B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a cooling/heating switching type absorption chiller/heater (hereinafter referred to as this type of absorption chiller/heater) which obtains cold/hot water from a heat exchanger built into an evaporator. related to the improvement of

(B) Conventional technology The conventional technology of this type of absorption chiller/heater is that the refrigerant and absorption liquid circulation path is equipped with a pipe line equipped with a cooling/heating switching valve, and during heating, the refrigerant evaporates from the generator side to the evaporator side. Flow through it and obtain hot water from the heat exchanger in the evaporator using the latent heat of condensation [e.g.
Publication No. 46-15823, etc.] and those that obtain hot water from a heat exchanger in the evaporator using the latent heat of condensation of the refrigerant and the sensible heat of the absorbing liquid [for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-26132]
No. Publication] is known. In addition, this type of absorption chiller/heater is equipped with a heat recovery device in the exhaust heat flow path of the generator to recover the exhaust heat of the generator into the absorption liquid sent from the absorber to the generator [for example, Showa 56
-110853] is also conventionally known.

(c) Problems to be solved by the invention In the conventional absorption chiller/heater of this type, during heating operation, the temperature of the absorption liquid sent from the absorber to the generator is higher than during cooling operation, and heat recovery is required. Since the difference between the exhaust heat temperature in the vessel and the absorption liquid temperature becomes small, there is a problem that the heat recovery rate decreases. especially,
This type of absorption chiller/heater that uses water vapor or hot water, which has a lower temperature level than combustion gas, as a heat source has a problem in that the heat recovery rate decreases significantly during heating operation.

In view of this problem, the present invention aims to provide this type of absorption chiller/heater that can efficiently recover the exhaust heat of the generator even during heating operation.

(d) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, as a means for solving the above problems, provides a refrigerant that connects a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, and a solution heat exchanger using a heat source fluid as a heat source. and a flow path with a switching valve to flow the refrigerant vapor or the refrigerant vapor and the absorption liquid from the generator side to the evaporator side in the absorption liquid circulation path, and a flow path with a switching valve to flow the absorption liquid from the generator side to the absorber side. During cooling, each of the switching valves is closed and chilled water is obtained from the heat exchanger using the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger built into the evaporator, while during heating, each of the switching valves is opened and refrigerant vapor is evaporated from the generator. At the same time, the absorption liquid is passed from the generator to the absorber bypassing the solution heat exchanger, and the latent heat of condensation of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger of the evaporator or this and the sensible heat of the absorption liquid is used to build up the absorption liquid in the evaporator. This type of heat exchanger is configured to obtain hot water from a heat exchanger, and is equipped with a heat exchanger in the flow path of the heat source fluid of the generator, which recovers the heat of the heat source fluid from the generator into refrigerant liquid or hot water during heating. This is an absorption chiller/heater.

(E) Effect According to the present invention, compared to the case where exhaust heat is recovered in an absorbing liquid, the heat recovery device can be used even when a heat source fluid with a low temperature level such as water vapor is used as the heat source of the generator. Since the temperature difference between the heat exchange fluids can be increased, the heat recovery rate can be improved compared to the conventional method.

(F) Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of this type of absorption chiller/heater according to the present invention. In Figure 1, 1 is a high temperature generator, 2 is a generation condenser consisting of a low temperature generator 3 and a condenser 4, 5 is an evaporator and absorber consisting of an evaporator 6 and an absorber 7, 8 and 9 are low temperature and high temperature solutions. A heat exchanger, 10 is a refrigerant liquid pump, 11 is an absorption liquid pump, and these devices are connected to a pipe 1 through which the refrigerant flows.
2, 13, pipe 14 through which the refrigerant liquid flows, pipes 15, 16 through which the refrigerant liquid flows back, pipe 17 through which the absorption liquid is sent,
18 and the pipes 19, 20, 21 through which the absorption liquid flows,
22 to form a circulation path for the refrigerant [water] and the absorption liquid [lithium bromide aqueous solution].

23 is the heater of the high temperature generator 1, 24 is the heat supply of the low temperature generator 3, 25 and 26 are the condensers 4,
The cooler of the absorber 7, 27 is the heat exchanger of the evaporator 6, 28 is the refrigerant reservoir of the condenser 4, 29 is the reservoir of the evaporator 6, 30, 31, and 32 are the high temperature generator 1, respectively. These are solution reservoirs for the low temperature generator 3 and absorber 7. Further, 33 is a pipe 1 so that the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature generator 1 bypasses the heat supply device 24 and the condenser 4 of the low temperature generator 3 and flows to the evaporator absorber 5.
2 and the evaporator-absorber 5, and 34 is a pipe line with a switching valve _V1 that connects the absorbent liquid concentrated in the high-temperature generator 1 to the high-temperature solution heat exchanger 8, 9 or the low-temperature generator 3. The solution reservoir 32 of the absorber 7 is bypassed.
This is a pipe line with a switching valve _V2 that connects the pipe 19 and the lower part of the absorber 7 so that the water flows to the absorber 7. In addition, 35 is
This is a conduit with an on-off valve _V3 that connects the pipe 18 and the lower part of the evaporator 6 so that a part of the absorption liquid sent to the high temperature generator 1 by the pump 11 is guided to the liquid reservoir 29 of the evaporator 6. 36 is a heat recovery device, and the inlet of this heat recovery device and the pipe 16 are connected by a pipe 37 equipped with an on-off valve _V4 , while the outlet of the heat recovery device 36 and the pipe 14 are connected.
and are connected by a pipe 38 with an on-off valve _V5 . Further, V ₆ is an on-off valve provided in the pipe 16,
39 is a heat exchange coil built into the heat recovery device 36.

40 and 41 are pipes through which cold water or hot water flows, connecting the heat exchanger 27 and the air conditioner (not shown);
42, 43, 44 are pipes through which cooling water connects the coolers 26, 25 in series;
Numerals 6 and 47 are conduits through which heat source fluid flows, in which the heater 23 and the heat exchange coil 39 are connected in series. In addition,
When using steam from a boiler (not shown) as the heat source fluid, a steam trap 4 is installed in the pipe line 46.
8 is provided.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of this type of absorption chiller/heater according to the present invention. In FIG. 2, the same components as those shown in FIG. It is attached. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a conduit 49 with an on-off valve V ₇ and a conduit 5 with an on-off valve V ₈ are provided at the inlet and outlet of the heat recovery device 36, respectively.
0 is connected to allow hot water to flow into the heat recovery device 36 instead of the refrigerant liquid in the embodiment shown in FIG. Although not shown, the heat recovery device 36 and the heat exchanger 27 may be connected in series through a hot water pipe.

Next, an example of the operation of the absorption chiller/heater configured as described above will be explained using the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

During cooling, both the switching valves V ₁ and V ₂ of the first and second embodiments are closed to heat the high temperature generator 1, operate the pumps 10 and 11, and sequentially supply cooling water to the coolers 26 and 25. The heat exchanger 27 is operated with water flowing through the heat exchanger 27. By operating in this way, a dual-effect absorption refrigeration cycle is formed by circulating refrigerant and absorption liquid, and the heat exchanger The temperature of the water in the heat exchanger 27 is lowered by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant liquid sprayed in the pipe 41, and cold water at a predetermined temperature (for example, about 7° C.) is obtained from the pipe 41.

When heating with the second embodiment, water is allowed to flow through the heat exchanger 27 while the flow of cooling water to the coolers 26 and 25 is cut off, and the switching valves V _{1 and 2} for switching between cooling and heating are used.
Open V ₂ to heat high temperature generator 1 and pump 10
The pump 11 is activated and operated while the operation of the pump 11 is stopped. By operating in this manner, the refrigerant vapor generated in the high temperature generator 1 flows to the evaporator absorber 5 through the pipe line 33 with a small flow resistance, and the latent heat of the refrigerant condensed in the heat exchanger 27 of the evaporator 6 is absorbed. The temperature of the water in the heat exchanger 27 is raised, and hot water at a predetermined temperature (for example, about 55° C.) is obtained from the pipe 41. Note that the refrigerant condensed in the heat exchanger 27 flows down into the liquid reservoir 29 and further overflows this to reach the solution reservoir 32 . On the other hand, the absorption liquid from which the refrigerant has been separated in the high-temperature generator 1 passes through a pipe 34 with low flow resistance to the solution reservoir 32, where it merges with the refrigerant liquid (condensed refrigerant) and is transferred to the high-temperature generator 1 again by the pump 11. be returned to. In addition,
During this heating operation, a part of the absorption liquid is sent to the liquid reservoir 29 by opening the on-off valve _V3 . Moreover, during this heating operation, the on-off valves V ₇ ,
When V ₈ is opened, hot water of about 50°C flows into the heat recovery device 36, and in this heat recovery device, the heat of the drain of about 100°C of water vapor that heated the absorption liquid in the high temperature generator 1 is transferred to the hot water. It will be collected. And the hot water
While the temperature of the drain is raised to about 55°C and flows out from the heat recovery device 36, the temperature of the drain is reduced to about 65°C and flows out from the heat recovery device 3.
It flows out from 6. In this way, in the case of the second embodiment, since the temperature difference between the drain flowing into the heat recovery device 36 and the hot water is about 50°C, the absorbed liquid at about 70°C to 80°C enters the heat recovery device 36. Compared to conventional machines, where the temperature difference between the inflowing absorbing liquid and the drain is as small as 30°C to 20°C, more heat can be recovered and the heat recovery rate can be increased.

In addition, when heating with the first embodiment, while water is flowing through the heat exchanger 27, the cooler 25,
26, cut off the flow of cooling water to switching valve V ₁ and
Open V ₂ to heat the high temperature generator 1, pump 10,
11 and drive. And, while the on-off valve V ₆ is closed, the on-off valves V ₃ , V ₄ , and V ₅ are opened. By operating in this manner, the temperature of the water in the heat exchanger 27 is raised by the latent heat of condensation of the refrigerant vapor and the sensible heat of the mixed liquid of the refrigerant liquid and the absorption liquid sprayed in this heat exchanger. Hot water available. Moreover, during this heating operation, the mixed liquid at about 55℃ flows into the heat recovery device 36.
The heat recovery rate is higher than that of conventional machines.

(G) Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, during heating operation in which hot water is supplied by sending refrigerant vapor from the generator to the generator, the heat source of the generator is a heat source fluid with a low temperature level such as water vapor. In this type of absorption chiller/heater, the temperature difference between the heat source fluid and the hot water in the heat recovery device can be made larger than that of conventional machines, so the exhaust heat of the generator can be efficiently recovered even during heating operation. brought about.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of this type of absorption chiller/heater according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of this type of absorption chiller/heater according to the present invention. It is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram. 1... High temperature generator, 2... Generation condenser, 3...
Low temperature generator, 4... Condenser, 5... Evaporative absorber,
6...evaporator, 7...absorber, 8,9...low temperature,
High temperature solution heat exchanger, 10, 11...pump, 1
2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 1
9, 20, 21, 22... tube, 23... heater,
25, 26... Cooler, 27... Heat exchanger, 29
...Liquid reservoir, 32...Solution reservoir, 33, 34, 3
5... Pipe line, 36... Heat recovery device, 37, 38...
Pipe, 39... Heat exchange coil, 40, 41... Pipe line, 45, 46, 47... Pipe line, 49, 50...
Pipe line, V ₁ , V ₂ ... switching valve, V ₃ , V ₄ , V ₅ , V ₆ ,
V ₇ , V ₈ ... Opening/closing valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In the refrigerant and absorption liquid circulation path that connects the generator, condenser, evaporator, absorber, and solution heat exchanger using heat source fluid as a heat source, refrigerant vapor or refrigerant vapor and absorption liquid are added from the generator side to the evaporator side. and a flow path with a switching valve that allows absorption liquid to flow from the generator side to the absorber side. During cooling, each of the switching valves is closed and the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger built into the evaporator is provided. While cold water is obtained from this heat exchanger, during heating, each of the switching valves is opened to allow refrigerant vapor to flow from the generator to the evaporator, bypassing the solution heat exchanger, and allowing the absorption liquid to flow from the generator to the absorber. The system is configured so that hot water is obtained from the heat exchanger built in the evaporator using the latent heat of condensation of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger or this and the sensible heat of the absorption liquid, and during heating, the heat of the heat source fluid from the generator is used. An absorption chiller/heater characterized in that a heat exchanger for recovering refrigerant liquid or hot water is provided in a flow path of a heat source fluid of a generator.